CN107064762B - Ultra-high voltage transmission line air gap rain flash test device and method - Google Patents
Ultra-high voltage transmission line air gap rain flash test device and method Download PDFInfo
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- CN107064762B CN107064762B CN201710386268.7A CN201710386268A CN107064762B CN 107064762 B CN107064762 B CN 107064762B CN 201710386268 A CN201710386268 A CN 201710386268A CN 107064762 B CN107064762 B CN 107064762B
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
- G01R31/00—Arrangements for testing electric properties; Arrangements for locating electric faults; Arrangements for electrical testing characterised by what is being tested not provided for elsewhere
- G01R31/12—Testing dielectric strength or breakdown voltage ; Testing or monitoring effectiveness or level of insulation, e.g. of a cable or of an apparatus, for example using partial discharge measurements; Electrostatic testing
- G01R31/1227—Testing dielectric strength or breakdown voltage ; Testing or monitoring effectiveness or level of insulation, e.g. of a cable or of an apparatus, for example using partial discharge measurements; Electrostatic testing of components, parts or materials
- G01R31/1245—Testing dielectric strength or breakdown voltage ; Testing or monitoring effectiveness or level of insulation, e.g. of a cable or of an apparatus, for example using partial discharge measurements; Electrostatic testing of components, parts or materials of line insulators or spacers, e.g. ceramic overhead line cap insulators; of insulators in HV bushings
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
- G01R31/00—Arrangements for testing electric properties; Arrangements for locating electric faults; Arrangements for electrical testing characterised by what is being tested not provided for elsewhere
- G01R31/12—Testing dielectric strength or breakdown voltage ; Testing or monitoring effectiveness or level of insulation, e.g. of a cable or of an apparatus, for example using partial discharge measurements; Electrostatic testing
- G01R31/1227—Testing dielectric strength or breakdown voltage ; Testing or monitoring effectiveness or level of insulation, e.g. of a cable or of an apparatus, for example using partial discharge measurements; Electrostatic testing of components, parts or materials
- G01R31/1263—Testing dielectric strength or breakdown voltage ; Testing or monitoring effectiveness or level of insulation, e.g. of a cable or of an apparatus, for example using partial discharge measurements; Electrostatic testing of components, parts or materials of solid or fluid materials, e.g. insulation films, bulk material; of semiconductors or LV electronic components or parts; of cable, line or wire insulation
- G01R31/1272—Testing dielectric strength or breakdown voltage ; Testing or monitoring effectiveness or level of insulation, e.g. of a cable or of an apparatus, for example using partial discharge measurements; Electrostatic testing of components, parts or materials of solid or fluid materials, e.g. insulation films, bulk material; of semiconductors or LV electronic components or parts; of cable, line or wire insulation of cable, line or wire insulation, e.g. using partial discharge measurements
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A90/00—Technologies having an indirect contribution to adaptation to climate change
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- Testing Resistance To Weather, Investigating Materials By Mechanical Methods (AREA)
Abstract
The utility model discloses an air gap rain flash test device and method for an ultra-high voltage transmission line, wherein the test device comprises a test line, a test tower, a pressurizing device, a rainwater spraying device and a rainfall control device, the rainwater spraying device comprises a spraying frame, a mounting plate, a plurality of spray heads, a speed-regulating water pump and a spraying angle control motor, the rainfall control device comprises a rainfall sensor, an A/D conversion module and a signal processing module, the rainfall sensor is connected with the signal processing module through the A/D conversion module, and the signal processing module is respectively connected with the speed-regulating water pump and the spraying angle control motor; and under the condition that the actual rainfall simulated by the test device reaches the standard rainfall, applying impulse voltage to the test line for a plurality of times, and calculating the air gap rain flash voltage according to the discharge condition of the air gap. The utility model can automatically carry out artificial rainfall, and adjust the spraying angle and the water quantity in real time so as to simulate different rainfall conditions, thereby improving the accuracy of the rain flash test result.
Description
Technical Field
The utility model relates to the technical field of safe operation of high-voltage transmission lines, in particular to an air gap rain flash test device and method for an extra-high voltage transmission line.
Background
In the last decade, the national economy of China continues to develop at a high speed, and the power industry is promoted to advance a brand-new development period. In order to ensure safe, reliable, efficient and environment-friendly operation of the high-voltage and ultra-high voltage power grid, the requirement of comprehensively improving the external insulation level of the power transmission line in the face of extreme weather such as heavy rainfall is urgent, however, the rain flash test of the power transmission line in the field heavy rainfall weather is generally difficult to implement, so that the design of a set of device for conveniently carrying out the air gap rain flash test of the artificial wire is imperative. The existing rain flash test mainly comprises a bar-plate short air gap rain flash test of 0.1 m-0.6 m and a rain flash test of various insulators in a climatic chamber or in the field under various pollution conditions. The test method is not suitable for the requirement of the ultra-high voltage transmission line air gap rain flash test, and the size and the structure of the test device cannot be used for the ultra-high voltage transmission line air gap rain flash test.
Disclosure of Invention
The utility model aims to provide an air gap rain flash test device and method for an ultra-high voltage transmission line, which can automatically carry out artificial rainfall, and adjust the spraying angle and the water quantity in real time so as to simulate different rainfall conditions and ensure the accuracy of a rain flash test result.
In order to achieve the above purpose, the utility model adopts the following technical scheme:
the rain flash test device for the air gap of the ultra-high voltage transmission line comprises a test line, a test tower, a pressurizing device, a rainwater spraying device and a rainfall control device, wherein the rainwater spraying device comprises a spraying frame, a mounting plate, a plurality of spray heads, a speed-regulating water pump and a spraying angle control motor;
the rainfall control device comprises a rainfall sensor, an A/D conversion module and a signal processing module, wherein the rainfall sensor is arranged below a test line, the output end of the rainfall sensor is connected with the input end of the A/D conversion module, the output end of the A/D conversion module is connected with the input end of the signal processing module, and the output end of the signal processing module is respectively connected with the control signal input end of the speed-regulating water pump and the control signal input end of the spraying angle control motor.
The horizontal distance L between the test line and the test tower 1 The vertical distance L between the test line and the rainfall sensor is 1-10 m 2 ＝2L 1 Horizontal distance L of spray stand from test line 3 ＝2L 1 Height L of spray rack 4 ＝4L 1 。
The rainwater spraying device further comprises a water collecting bin, and the water collecting bin is arranged below the rainfall sensor.
The spraying angle control motor is a stepping motor.
The signal processing module is an STC8051 singlechip.
The spray heads are arranged on the mounting plate in rows, and the distance between adjacent spray heads is 0.4 m-0.5 m.
The waveform of the impulse voltage output by the pressurizing device is a long wave front time operating wave, and the wave front time T m 1000 μs+ -20%, half peak time T t The output efficiency of the operating wave is 65% -75% at 8000 mu s + -30%.
An air gap rain flash test method for an ultra-high voltage transmission line comprises the following steps:
A. determining the horizontal distance L between the test line and the test tower 1 B, starting and setting a spraying angle control motor to enable the included angle between the spraying direction of the spray head and the test line to be 45 degrees, and then entering the step B;
B. setting a standard rainfall, inputting the standard rainfall into a signal processing module, starting a speed-regulating water pump to pump test water, and entering the step C when the actual rainfall fed back by a rainfall sensor reaches the standard rainfall;
C. estimating the gap length d=L between the wire and the pole tower under the condition of no rain 1 Space-time gap breakdown voltage U k Then enter step D;
D. recording the breakdown voltage applied to the test line as U i I=1, 2,3, … …, n, n.gtoreq.26, U when i=1 1 ＝U k Taking the voltage level difference Δu=u k 3%, then go to step E;
E. sequentially applying breakdown voltage U to test lines i Recording the breakdown condition of the air gap, if the last breakdown voltage applied causes the air gap to break down, the next breakdown voltage applied is lower than the last breakdown voltage applied by delta U, if the last breakdown voltage applied does not cause the air gap to break down, the next breakdown voltage applied by delta U is higher than the last breakdown voltage applied by delta U, and then entering the step F;
F. calculation U 1 ，U 2 ，……，U n Average value of (2)U 50 As an air gap rain flash voltage. In the step D and the step E, the breakdown voltage U is applied to the test line i If the air gap breaks down more than 5 times continuously, the first breakdown voltage without breaking down the air gap is set as U k If the air gap is not broken down more than 5 times continuously, the first breakdown voltage for breaking down the air gap is set as U k 。
In the step E, the breakdown voltage U is continuously applied to the test line twice i The time interval of (2) is 3-5 min.
According to the utility model, the rainfall of the rainwater spraying device is automatically regulated by utilizing the rainfall control device, so that the time and labor consumed in the rainfall regulation process are greatly reduced, the working efficiency of test personnel is improved, and meanwhile, the water resource is effectively saved; according to the utility model, after the actual rainfall fed back by the rainfall sensor reaches the standard rainfall, the rainfall is pressurized for a rain flashing test, so that errors caused by improper rainfall control on test results are eliminated, manual operation is not needed in the pressurization test process, the personal safety of test personnel is fully ensured, the test personnel can concentrate attention on recording the rain flashing voltage when the rain flashing happens and observing whether the discharge path is normal or not, and the accuracy of the test results is further improved.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of a rainwater spray device according to the present utility model;
fig. 2 is a schematic block diagram of the rainfall control device according to the present utility model.
Detailed Description
As shown in fig. 1 and 2, the air gap rain flash test device for the ultra-high voltage transmission line comprises a test line 1, a test tower 2, a pressurizing device, a rain spray device and a rainfall control device. The test line 1 can use the actual extra-high voltage transmission line of arbitrary specification, and test tower 2 is including adopting simulation tower leg and the cross arm that high strength angle steel was made, is provided with the foot nail parallel with the test line on the tower leg to simulate actual shaft tower framework. The pressurizing device is used for applying breakdown voltage to the test line 1, and the extra-high voltage transmission line is electrified due to operationThe time before the pressing wave is longer, is usually more than 1000 mu s, and the long wave front impulse discharge voltage of the air gap with equal distance is obviously improved compared with the standard operation impulse discharge voltage, the utility model adopts the long wave front time operation wave for the wire-pole tower air gap operation discharge test, the wave front time T m 1000 μs+ -20%, half peak time T t The output efficiency of the operating wave is 65% -75% at 8000 mu s + -30%. The pressurizing device in the embodiment is a CDYH-3200kV/320kJ impulse voltage generator, the impulse voltage is measured by adopting a FY-3200kV weak damping capacitive voltage divider, the nominal voltage is 3200kV, the capacitance of a high-voltage arm is 400pF, the partial response time T alpha is less than or equal to 100nS, the overshoot beta is less than or equal to 20%, and the uncertainty K epsilon of a scale factor is determined<±1％。
The rainwater spraying device comprises a spraying frame 3, a mounting plate 4, a plurality of spray heads 5, a speed-regulating water pump 6 and a spraying angle control motor 7. The spray frame 3 is arranged at one side of the test line 1, a plurality of spray heads 5 are arranged on the mounting plate 4 in rows, the distance between adjacent spray heads 5 is 0.4 m-0.5 m, and the water inlet end of each spray head 5 is connected with the speed regulating water pump 6 through a hose. The spray angle control motor 7 adopts a stepping motor and is arranged at the top of the spray frame 3. The power output shaft of the spray angle control motor 7 is connected with the mounting plate 4 and is used for controlling the spray angle of the spray head 5 on the mounting plate 4 to the test line 1, namely, the power output shaft of the spray angle control motor 7 is parallel to the test line 1, and the water spray direction of the spray head 5 is perpendicular to the test line. In order to collect the precipitation sprayed by the spray head 5, the utility model is also provided with the water collecting bin 8 below the test line 1, thereby saving water resources and ensuring the cleanness and the neatness of the test place.
The rainfall control device comprises a rainfall sensor 9, an A/D conversion module and a signal processing module, wherein the rainfall sensor 9 is arranged below the test line 1, and can detect rainfall data in real time. The output end of the rainfall sensor 9 is connected with the input end of the A/D conversion module, and the A/D conversion module can convert rainfall data into digital signals. The output end of the A/D conversion module is connected with the input end of the signal processing module, the output end of the signal processing module is respectively connected with the control signal input end of the speed regulating water pump 6 and the control signal input end of the spraying angle control motor 7, the signal processing module calculates the water pump rotating speed regulating quantity and the motor angle regulating quantity according to the difference signal by comparing the preset standard rainfall and the measured actual rainfall, and the water pump rotating speed regulating quantity and the motor angle regulating quantity are respectively input into the speed regulating water pump 6 and the spraying angle control motor 7, so that the actual rainfall finally reaches the standard rainfall, and the rainwater is ensured to spray the test line 1 at an angle of 45 degrees until the air gap rain flash test is completed.
The signal processing module adopts the STC8051 singlechip, is low in price and has better economical efficiency and practicability. The program part related to the calculation of the water pump rotating speed adjustment quantity and the motor angle adjustment quantity by the signal processing module belongs to the prior art, and the numerical relation between the difference signal and the water pump rotating speed adjustment quantity and the motor angle adjustment quantity can be obtained through experiments according to practical experience. According to different voltage levels, the horizontal distance L1 of the test line 1 from the tower leg of the test tower 2 is 1 m-10 m, and meanwhile, in order to ensure that the test line 1 does not discharge the rainfall sensor 9, the vertical distance l2=2·l1 of the test line 1 from the rainfall sensor 9, the horizontal distance l3=2·l1 of the spray rack 3 from the test line 1, and in order to ensure that the spray raindrops drop on the test line 1 at an angle of 45 degrees, the height l4=4·l1 of the spray rack 3.
The method for carrying out the ultra-high voltage transmission line air gap rain flash test by utilizing the ultra-high voltage transmission line air gap rain flash test device comprises the following steps:
A. determining the horizontal distance L between the test line 1 and the test tower 2 1 And a rainfall sensor 9 and a spray frame 3 are sequentially arranged, a spray angle control motor 7 is started and arranged, so that the spray direction of the spray head 5 and the included angle of the test line 1 are 45 degrees, and then the step B is carried out.
B. Setting standard rainfall and inputting the standard rainfall into a signal processing module, starting a speed-regulating water pump 6 to pump test water, and when the actual rainfall fed back by a rainfall sensor 9 reaches the standard rainfall, enabling a rainfall control device to always meet the test requirement and entering a step C.
C. Under the condition of no raining, the gap length d=L between the wire and the pole tower is estimated 1 Time air timeGap breakdown voltage U k Step D is then entered.
D. Record the breakdown voltage applied to the test line 1 as U i I=1, 2,3, … …, n, n.gtoreq.26, U when i=1 1 ＝U k Taking the voltage level difference Δu=u k 3% and then go to step E.
E. Applying breakdown voltage U to test line 1 in turn i Recording the breakdown condition of the air gap, wherein if the last breakdown voltage is applied to enable the air gap to break down, the next breakdown voltage is lower than the last breakdown voltage by delta U, and if the last breakdown voltage is not applied to enable the air gap to break down, the next breakdown voltage is higher than the last breakdown voltage by delta U, namely the next breakdown voltage is always determined by the last breakdown condition of the air gap, and the applied breakdown voltage is gradually close to the air gap rain flash voltage under the current condition.
To avoid predicted U k The value is too high or too low to cause errors, and the utility model applies a breakdown voltage U to the test line 1 i If the air gap breaks down more than 5 times continuously, the first break down condition is taken as U k If the air gap is not broken down for more than 5 times continuously, the first break-down condition is adopted to make the breakdown voltage of the air gap broken down as U k . In addition, in order to avoid the influence of the last breakdown voltage on the next test, the breakdown voltage U is applied to the test line twice in succession i The time interval of (2) is 3-5 min so as to fully diffuse space ions.
F. Calculation U 1 ，U 2 ，……，U n Average value U of (2) 50 As an air gap rain flash voltage.
The air gap rain flash test device and method for the ultra-high voltage transmission line are described in detail below with reference to specific embodiments.
This embodiment employs 1:1, an eight-split conductor with a split diameter of 1.04m, a split spacing of 400mm and a subconductor diameter of 27.6mm (LGJQ-400) is used as a test line, equalizing rings are arranged at two ends of the conductor, a suspension insulator for suspending the conductor is a 1000kV composite insulator, and the total length is 9400mm. In the embodiment, high-strength angle steel is adopted to manufacture simulation tower legs and cross arms, foot nails parallel to the wires are additionally arranged at proper positions on the tower legs to simulate an actual tower frame, and the width of the simulation tower legs is 1.4m and the length of the simulation tower legs is 8m. The shower nozzle rain coverage area on the shower rack is 3m 2m, and the spraying direction is 45 with the wire, adopts 1000 mu s long wave head operation shock wave when using pressure device to pressurize.
Under different environmental temperatures, test water with different conductivities is used, different standard rainfall and the gap length of a wire-pole tower are set, and the air gap rain flash voltage obtained by continuously applying test voltages to a test line for a plurality of times is shown in table 1:
TABLE 1 results of wire-tower air gap rain flash test under heavy rainfall conditions
Wherein d is the gap length between the wire and the tower, namely the horizontal distance between the test wire and the test tower, I is the standard rainfall, t is the ambient temperature, gamma 20 Is the conductivity of test water, U 50 Is the calculated air gap rain flash voltage and σ is the standard deviation.
Finally, it should be noted that: the above embodiments are only for illustrating the technical solution of the present utility model, but not limiting the same, and other voltage level rain flash test devices and methods, or rain flash test devices and methods using other forms of impulse voltage are also within the scope of protection of the present patent.
Those of ordinary skill in the art will appreciate that: the technical scheme described in the foregoing embodiments is modified or some or all of the technical features are replaced equivalently, so that the essence of the corresponding technical scheme does not deviate from the scope of the technical scheme of the present utility model.
Claims (10)
1. The utility model provides an extra-high voltage transmission line air gap rain flash test device, includes test line, test shaft tower and pressurizing device, its characterized in that: the device comprises a test line, a rain spray device and a rain control device, wherein the rain spray device comprises a spray frame, a mounting plate, a plurality of spray heads, a speed-regulating water pump and a spray angle control motor, the spray frame is arranged on one side of the test line, the spray angle control motor is arranged at the top of the spray frame, an output shaft of the spray angle control motor is connected with the mounting plate, the spray heads are uniformly arranged on the mounting plate and are positioned above the test line, and the spray heads are connected with the speed-regulating water pump through hoses;
the rainfall control device comprises a rainfall sensor, an A/D conversion module and a signal processing module, wherein the rainfall sensor is arranged below a test line, the output end of the rainfall sensor is connected with the input end of the A/D conversion module, the output end of the A/D conversion module is connected with the input end of the signal processing module, and the output end of the signal processing module is respectively connected with the control signal input end of the speed-regulating water pump and the control signal input end of the spraying angle control motor.
2. The extra-high voltage transmission line air gap rain flash test device according to claim 1, wherein: the horizontal distance L between the test line and the test tower 1 Vertical distance L of test line from rainfall sensor is 1 m-10 m 2 =2L 1 Horizontal distance L of spray stand from test line 3 =2L 1 Height L of spray rack 4 =4L 1 。
3. The extra-high voltage transmission line air gap rain flash test device according to claim 1, wherein: the rainwater spraying device further comprises a water collecting bin, and the water collecting bin is arranged below the rainfall sensor.
4. The extra-high voltage transmission line air gap rain flash test device according to claim 1, wherein: the spraying angle control motor is a stepping motor.
5. The extra-high voltage transmission line air gap rain flash test device according to claim 1, wherein: the signal processing module is an STC8051 singlechip.
6. The extra-high voltage transmission line air gap rain flash test device according to claim 1, wherein: the spray heads are arranged on the mounting plate in rows, and the distance between adjacent spray heads is 0.4 m-0.5 m.
7. The extra-high voltage transmission line air gap rain flash test device according to claim 1, wherein: the waveform of the impulse voltage output by the pressurizing device is a long wave front time operating wave, and the wave front time T m 1000 ofμs20% half peak time T t Is 8000μs30 percent and the output efficiency of the operation wave is 65-75 percent.
8. A method for carrying out an air gap rain flash test of an extra-high voltage transmission line by using the air gap rain flash test device of an extra-high voltage transmission line according to any one of claims 1 to 7, which is characterized by comprising the following steps:
A. determining the horizontal distance L between the test line and the test tower 1 B, starting and setting a spraying angle control motor to enable the included angle between the spraying direction of the spray head and the test line to be 45 degrees, and then entering the step B;
B. setting a standard rainfall, inputting the standard rainfall into a signal processing module, starting a speed-regulating water pump to pump test water, and entering the step C when the actual rainfall fed back by a rainfall sensor reaches the standard rainfall;
C. estimating the gap length between the wire and the tower under the condition of no raind = L 1 Space-time gap breakdown voltageU k Then enter step D;
D. record the breakdown voltage applied to the test line asU i ，i=1，2，3，……，n ，n≥26，When i=1U 1 = U k Taking the voltage level differenceU= U k 3%, then go to step E;
E. applying breakdown voltage to test lines in turnU i Recording the breakdown condition of the air gap, wherein if the last breakdown voltage is applied to cause the air gap to break down, the next breakdown voltage is lower than the last breakdown voltage by a deltaUIf the last breakdown voltage does not cause the air gap to break down, the next breakdown voltage is higher than the last breakdown voltageUThen enter step F;
F. calculation ofU 1 ，U 2 ，……，U n Average value of (2)U 50 As an air gap rain flash voltage.
9. The ultra-high voltage transmission line air gap rain flash test method of claim 8, wherein: in the step D and the step E, breakdown voltage is applied to the test lineU i If the air gap breaks down more than 5 times continuously, the first breakdown voltage without breaking down the air gap is taken asU k If no breakdown occurs in the air gap more than 5 consecutive times, the first breakdown voltage at which the breakdown occurs in the air gap is taken asU k 。
10. The ultra-high voltage transmission line air gap rain flash test method of claim 9, wherein: in the step E, breakdown voltage is applied to the test circuit twice in successionU i The time interval of (2) is 3-5 min.
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| CN107490751B (en) * | 2017-08-31 | 2020-06-30 | 南方电网科学研究院有限责任公司 | Dry arc distance selection method for 500kV transformer bushing |
| CN111751681B (en) * | 2020-06-15 | 2022-07-29 | 中国南方电网有限责任公司超高压输电公司检修试验中心 | Network access detection test method for layered insulator |
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| JP2015105649A (en) * | 2013-12-03 | 2015-06-08 | 株式会社日立製作所 | Rainwater pump control device |
| CN106353644A (en) * | 2016-07-25 | 2017-01-25 | 国家电网公司 | Testing device and method for studying influence of rainfall of dusty weather on electronic puncture voltage |
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| JP2015105649A (en) * | 2013-12-03 | 2015-06-08 | 株式会社日立製作所 | Rainwater pump control device |
| CN106353644A (en) * | 2016-07-25 | 2017-01-25 | 国家电网公司 | Testing device and method for studying influence of rainfall of dusty weather on electronic puncture voltage |
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