CN106985682A - 合格的车辆充电站的识别 - Google Patents

合格的车辆充电站的识别 Download PDF

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CN106985682A
CN106985682A CN201610846997.1A CN201610846997A CN106985682A CN 106985682 A CN106985682 A CN 106985682A CN 201610846997 A CN201610846997 A CN 201610846997A CN 106985682 A CN106985682 A CN 106985682A
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vehicle
grading
security rating
charging station
data
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CN106985682B (zh
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肯尼思·詹姆士·米勒
吉米·卡帕迪亚
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Ford Global Technologies LLC
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L50/00—Electric propulsion with power supplied within the vehicle
    • B60L50/50—Electric propulsion with power supplied within the vehicle using propulsion power supplied by batteries or fuel cells
    • B60L50/60—Electric propulsion with power supplied within the vehicle using propulsion power supplied by batteries or fuel cells using power supplied by batteries
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L53/00—Methods of charging batteries, specially adapted for electric vehicles; Charging stations or on-board charging equipment therefor; Exchange of energy storage elements in electric vehicles
    • B60L53/30—Constructional details of charging stations
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
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    • B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L53/00—Methods of charging batteries, specially adapted for electric vehicles; Charging stations or on-board charging equipment therefor; Exchange of energy storage elements in electric vehicles
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    • B60L53/00—Methods of charging batteries, specially adapted for electric vehicles; Charging stations or on-board charging equipment therefor; Exchange of energy storage elements in electric vehicles
    • B60L53/60—Monitoring or controlling charging stations
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L58/00—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles
    • B60L58/10—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles for monitoring or controlling batteries
    • B60L58/12—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles for monitoring or controlling batteries responding to state of charge [SoC]
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01C—MEASURING DISTANCES, LEVELS OR BEARINGS; SURVEYING; NAVIGATION; GYROSCOPIC INSTRUMENTS; PHOTOGRAMMETRY OR VIDEOGRAMMETRY
    • G01C21/00—Navigation; Navigational instruments not provided for in groups G01C1/00 - G01C19/00
    • G01C21/26—Navigation; Navigational instruments not provided for in groups G01C1/00 - G01C19/00 specially adapted for navigation in a road network
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    • G01C21/3469—Fuel consumption; Energy use; Emission aspects
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01C—MEASURING DISTANCES, LEVELS OR BEARINGS; SURVEYING; NAVIGATION; GYROSCOPIC INSTRUMENTS; PHOTOGRAMMETRY OR VIDEOGRAMMETRY
    • G01C21/00—Navigation; Navigational instruments not provided for in groups G01C1/00 - G01C19/00
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    • G01C21/34—Route searching; Route guidance
    • G01C21/36—Input/output arrangements for on-board computers
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    • G—PHYSICS
    • G05—CONTROLLING; REGULATING
    • G05D—SYSTEMS FOR CONTROLLING OR REGULATING NON-ELECTRIC VARIABLES
    • G05D1/00—Control of position, course, altitude or attitude of land, water, air or space vehicles, e.g. using automatic pilots
    • G05D1/0088—Control of position, course, altitude or attitude of land, water, air or space vehicles, e.g. using automatic pilots characterized by the autonomous decision making process, e.g. artificial intelligence, predefined behaviours
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G05—CONTROLLING; REGULATING
    • G05D—SYSTEMS FOR CONTROLLING OR REGULATING NON-ELECTRIC VARIABLES
    • G05D1/00—Control of position, course, altitude or attitude of land, water, air or space vehicles, e.g. using automatic pilots
    • G05D1/02—Control of position or course in two dimensions
    • G05D1/021—Control of position or course in two dimensions specially adapted to land vehicles
    • G05D1/0212—Control of position or course in two dimensions specially adapted to land vehicles with means for defining a desired trajectory
    • G05D1/0225—Control of position or course in two dimensions specially adapted to land vehicles with means for defining a desired trajectory involving docking at a fixed facility, e.g. base station or loading bay
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L2240/00—Control parameters of input or output; Target parameters
    • B60L2240/60—Navigation input
    • B60L2240/62—Vehicle position
    • B60L2240/622—Vehicle position by satellite navigation
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L2240/00—Control parameters of input or output; Target parameters
    • B60L2240/70—Interactions with external data bases, e.g. traffic centres
    • B60L2240/72—Charging station selection relying on external data
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L2240/00—Control parameters of input or output; Target parameters
    • B60L2240/80—Time limits
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L2250/00—Driver interactions
    • B60L2250/16—Driver interactions by display
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L2260/00—Operating Modes
    • B60L2260/40—Control modes
    • B60L2260/50—Control modes by future state prediction
    • B60L2260/52—Control modes by future state prediction drive range estimation, e.g. of estimation of available travel distance
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
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    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
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    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
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    • Y02T10/72—Electric energy management in electromobility
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
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Abstract

本公开涉及合格的车辆充电站的识别。车辆可能需要再充电。可发送请求以获得沿着路线的充电位置的识别。随发送请求一起，可发送识别车辆位置、路线和期望的安全评级的数据。可从远程服务器获取响应，包括充电站的安全评级的结果可被显示。期望的安全评级可基于电池的荷电状态(SOC)而被调整。例如，期望的安全评级可随着电池荷电状态下降而下降。

Description

合格的车辆充电站的识别
技术领域
本公开涉及沿着行驶路线识别合格的车辆充电站。
背景技术
电动车辆在使用之后需要再充电。充电站可能不在预期的路线上、位于危险区域中、丢失了可用插头、位置偏远隐蔽或者提供错误类型的电力。电动车辆的用户可能在不知道充电站的位置是否危险或是否不合意的情况下找到附近的或者途中的充电站。乘客或自主车辆可能不能获得信息，导致不能做出知情的决定。
发明内容
车辆可能需要再充电。可发送请求以获得沿着预定义路线的充电位置的识别。随发送请求一起，可发送识别车辆位置、路线和期望的安全评级的数据。可从远程服务器获取响应，包括充电站的安全评级的结果可被显示。期望的安全评级可基于电池的荷电状态(SOC)而被调整。期望的安全评级可随着电池荷电状态下降而下降。
此外，可显示可从路线到达的具有超过期望的安全评级的安全评级、超过期望的活动评级的活动评级和超过期望的公共设施评级的公共设施评级的充电站。安全评级可包括分类的犯罪数据、统计的犯罪值或者汇总的用户安全评级。
根据本发明，提供一种车辆，所述车辆包括：处理器，被配置为：响应于沿着路线识别充电位置的请求，发送识别车辆位置和所述路线并定义期望的安全评级的非车载数据；并响应于从远程服务器接收到识别均具有超过所述期望的安全评级的安全评级的充电站的数据，显示能够从所述路线到达的已识别的充电站的指示符。
根据本发明，提供一种车辆，所述车辆包括处理器，处理器被配置为：响应于沿着预定义路线识别充电位置的请求，发送识别车辆位置和所述路线并定义期望的活动评级的非车载数据，并响应于从远程服务器接收到识别均具有超过所述期望的活动评级的活动评级的充电站的数据，显示可从所述路线到达的已识别的充电站的指示符。
根据本发明的一个实施例，所述处理器还被配置为：基于电池荷电状态调整所述期望的活动评级。
根据本发明的一个实施例，所述处理器还被配置为：随着电池荷电状态下降而降低所述期望的活动评级。
根据本发明的一个实施例，所述处理器还被配置为：发送识别期望的安全评级的非车载数据，并响应于从远程服务器接收到识别均具有超过所述期望的安全评级的安全评级和超过所述期望的活动评级的活动评级的充电站的数据，显示可从所述路线到达的具有超过所述期望的安全评级的安全评级和超过所述期望的活动评级的活动评级的已识别的充电站的指示符。
根据本发明的一个实施例，安全评级包括分类的犯罪数据、统计的犯罪值或者汇总的用户安全评级。
根据本发明的一个实施例，所述处理器还被配置为：发送识别期望的公共设施评级的非车载数据，并响应于从远程服务器接收到识别均具有超过所述期望的活动评级的活动评级和超过所述期望的公共设施评级的公共设施评级的充电站的数据，显示可从所述路线到达的具有超过所述期望的活动评级的活动评级和超过所述期望的公共设施评级的公共设施评级的已识别的充电站的指示符。
根据本发明的一个实施例，所述指示符识别至少一些所述已识别的充电站的安全评级或公共设施评级。
根据本发明，提供一种用于控制自主车辆的方法，所述方法包括：发送识别车辆位置和路线的非车载数据；从远程服务器接收识别可从所述路线到达的充电站以及针对每个充电站的安全评级的数据；基于电池荷电状态调整期望的安全评级；使车辆驶向具有超过期望的安全评级的安全评级的充电站中的一个。
根据本发明的一个实施例，其中，所述调整步骤使得期望的安全评级随着电池荷电状态下降而下降。
根据本发明的一个实施例，其中，所述充电站中的一个还具有超过期望的活动评级的活动评级。
根据本发明的一个实施例，其中，安全评级包括分类的犯罪数据、统计的犯罪值或者汇总的用户安全评级。
附图说明
图1是用于所描述的原理的实施方式的移动车辆通信***的操作环境的示意图。
图2是在车辆的显示屏幕上的道路地图的显示的示意图。
图3是包括活动的在车辆的显示屏幕上的道路地图的显示的示意图。
图4是具有可用的“日常位置”、“历史位置”、“途中位置”、“不安全位置”和“安全位置”的路线地图。
图5是用于基于多种因素确定期望的充电站的算法。
图6是在车辆中的能够提示用户进行期望的安全评级的可选显示。
具体实施方式
根据需要，在此公开本发明的详细实施例；然而，将理解的是，所公开的实施例仅仅是可以以各种替代形式来实现的本发明的示例。附图无需按比例绘制；一些特征可被夸大或最小化以示出特定组件的细节。因此，在此公开的具体结构和功能细节不会被解释为具有限制性，而仅仅作为用于教导本领域技术人员以多种形式采用本发明的代表性基础。
车辆(诸如，电池电动车辆(BEV))可由用于推进和其它电力负载的电池电力提供动力。电池可由二次电源(例如充电站、内燃发动机或太阳能板)再充电。电池可与其它电池被布置为一个阵列，以提供额外的电压或寿命，并且任意类型的电池可被使用。任意类型的电池(包括不同组合的电解质、阳极材料、阴极材料或者它们的组合)可为BEV提供动力。此外，电容器也可被用于代替或补充电池阵列。BEV中的一些常见电池可包括镍金属氢化物电池、铅酸电池和锂离子电池。车辆还可经由电池电力和内燃发动机的组合被提供动力。参照混合动力电动车辆，这些车辆通常使用电池和发动机推进的组合。混合动力电动车辆还可使用充电站来对内部电池再充电。
车辆可以是自主的，或者是用户控制的。自主车辆可将货物或乘客自动运输到预期位置。输入了预编程的或已编程的运行中的目的地，自主车辆遵循产生的路线。类似地，用户控制的车辆也可获得预编程的或运行中的目的地路线。任何车辆在途中都可能需要对电池再充电。全球定位***(GPS)可被用于确定车辆的位置。可基于与路线之间的距离和便利性来产生多个接近的充电站。
服务器可被配置为向任意数量的客户端发送数据以及从任意数量的客户端接收数据。服务器可被连接至作为服务器数据资源库的数据集市(DataMart)、数据存储区或数据库。任意数量的客户端可将信息输入至数据存储区，以提供准确的充电位置数据。位置数据可位于可通过互联网访问或位于车辆本身内的服务器上。服务器可包含与位置评级相关的数据。位置评级可包括丰富的可以指示充电位置的合意程度的信息。用于构成位置评级的信息可包括：1)从云获得的数据，2)从其它用户获得的数据，3)指示充电站和其它引人注意的地方(例如商场、商店、餐厅、活动中心等)之间的距离的接近度数据，4)包括犯罪率和统计的数据，5)指示以前的用户总体安全感的数据，6)可用充电插头的指示，7)电源的特征，8)对于形成位置评级可能是必要的任意其它信息。
车辆定位***可包括多个处理器和控制器。控制器或处理器通常将包括任意数量的处理器、ASIC、IC、存储器(例如闪存、ROM、RAM、EPROM、和/或EEPROM)以及软件代码，以用于相互协作执行一系列的操作。控制器中的微处理器还可包括用于提供定时和同步的时钟。控制器可通过CAN总线或控制器局域网络或使用其它通信协议与其它组件通信。控制器或处理器还可通过无线网络通信，以获得远离车辆的数据。车辆控制器可将非车载数据发送至服务器，并可从服务器接收数据。车辆控制器可向服务器提供当前的荷电状态，或使用当前荷电状态确定目标充电站。发送非车载数据可包括将数据发送至位于车辆外部的服务器，或者发送至车辆内的服务器。车辆控制器和评级服务器可包含用于确定可用充电站以及电池的荷电状态的***。
车辆控制器可使用电池充电控制器或其它***确定电池的荷电状态。电池的荷电状态可取决于多种因素(例如，服务时间、使用情况、使用的类型等)。***可使用多种不同因素来确定接近的充电站。例如，充电站定位***可识别驾驶员的下一预期的充电事件的路线和位置(通常是家或工作位置)。***还可从历史(例如驾驶路线、一天中的时间、星期几)中估计或者获知路线。***可通过识别再次出现的GPS位置识别“日常位置”，并按照充电或停车通常发生的位置和时间来组织“日常位置”。
这意味着，例如，如果车辆在特定位置停车或充电平均每周三次以上，则***将所述区域用作“日常位置”。类似地，如果车辆在特定日期在特定位置停车或充电超过每月一次，则***将该位置识别为“日常位置”。
此外，***可识别“历史位置”，当车辆在过去两个月内在特定位置充电一次或更多次时，所述“历史位置”被保留。
从云获得的数据可包括乘客可能感兴趣的任意信息。这些云数据可包括来自提供信息的评论源的可检索的统计数据。这种信息可包括餐厅评论或购物吸引力。
用户也可提供信息。在使用之后或者在使用过程中，用户可被指示对充电站的多个特征进行评级，所述评级随后被发送到服务器。用户可提供与每个充电站的安全、活动和公共设施相关的信息。一些数据可以是实时的，其它数据可以是历史跟踪的。充电站还可发送可用的与安全、活动和公共设施相关的信息。
安全评级可包括很多不同的因素。安全评级可包括从犯罪统计官方机构获得的统计信息。安全评级还可包括与附近发生的犯罪类型相关的分类信息。车辆拥有者可能对车辆盗窃统计或武装抢劫统计特别有兴趣。此外，安全评级可通过用户报告和回复的汇总来确定。用户可被询问在使用充电站时的过往事件或总体安全感受。此外，用户可被询问充电站所在区域的总体感受，诸如自治区或行政区的普遍声誉。近期的犯罪事件可以以列表的形式被报告给乘客或车辆，或者近期的犯罪事件可精确定位在地图上。
公共设施评级可包括很多不同因素。公共设施评级可包括可用插头的可用数量。此外，公共设施评级可包括用于为车辆电池再充电所需的电压和适配器。公共设施评级还可包括每个特定的再充电站的电力费用。公共设施评级可包括可被用于确定充电站的可用性的实际或实用因素。
活动评级可包括与吸引力相关的很多不同因素。活动评级可包括商场、商店、餐厅、活动中心、电影院、博物馆、图书馆、公园和动物园的接近度。活动评级可包括某人在为他的车辆电池再充电时可能做的任何可能的活动。
合意的充电位置可根据电池中剩余的荷电状态(SOC)来确定。处理器可通过估计行驶至每个充电站的剩余距离所需的瓦特小时数来确定当到达每个潜在的充电站时可能的剩余荷电水平。***可仅显示不需要原路返回的充电站。例如，当驾驶员下班时，驾驶员不想原路返回到工作位置充电。
此外，如果当到达充电站时可能的剩余荷电水平下降到最小阈值以下，则控制器可采取更多干预性的动作(诸如降低期望的安全评级或降低一部分期望的安全评级)来指示额外的充电站，所述额外的充电站先前由于该充电站不满足最初期望的安全水平而可能没有被包括在内。
指示器屏幕可将不同的预期电池状态通知给乘客。例如，如果车辆或服务器估计在到达“日常位置”后荷电水平将低于20％，则***可显示“到达时剩余大约20％”。
如果车辆或服务器估计在到达“日常位置”后荷电水平将低于10％，则车辆可通过调节车辆的踏板需求的操作、气候控制、附件负载、HEV电池操作、再生制动来优化动力传动***的效率或进入ECO模式。
此外，如果车辆或服务器估计在到达“日常位置”后荷电水平将低于2％，则可在屏幕上显示建议的经过任意“好”充电站的路线。如果车辆或服务器估计在到达“日常位置”后荷电水平将低于0％(0％是指示出的最小阈值，并且不一定代表实际的电池电压)，则可在屏幕上显示建议的经过任意“差”充电站的路线。“好”充电站和“差”充电站可基于其安全评级、活动评级或公共设施评级被识别。
如果车辆或服务器估计在到达“日常位置”或“历史位置”后荷电水平将低于-5％(-5％是低于指示的最小阈值的实际电压，并且不是负电压)，则可示出或发出客户应该采用建议的路线以避免电量用尽的警告。这些步骤可由自治或自主式车辆执行。自主车辆可自动调整期望的安全评级，以避免电量用尽。利用这种调整，自主车辆可依据电池荷电状态自动降低安全评级。这将确保车辆不会彻底耗尽电池。车辆可能仅被配置为停在去往目的地的路上的充电站。车辆还可被配置为允许乘客干预，以否决不符合乘客的个人安全需求的预期充电站。
每个上述的阈值可基于道路状况由制造商调节或在运行中被调节。例如，当在由于天气(例如有暴风雪的高山气候)而停滞的情况下电池预计将达到10％时，行驶在危险状况下的车辆可优选5％的阈值用于激活。在这些情况下的车辆可提供抵御上述要素的庇护和热量。因此，以上提到的阈值都不是意在不变的。
参照图1，车辆102可包括远程信息处理控制单元108、动力传动***控制模块104-A、车身控制模块104-B、无线电收发器模块104-C、通信和娱乐单元104-D、气候控制管理模块104-E、GPS模块104-F和用户界面模块104-G。车辆102可通过网络116通信连接至具有用于保持评级数据的数据存储区122的评级和充电站位置服务器126。另外的车辆130、132可通过网络116向评级和充电站位置服务器126提供信息。网络116可以是本地控制器局域网络、蜂窝网络或者互联网。数据可通过任意物理介质使用无线协议(802.11、蓝牙、GSM或CDMA)或有线协议来被发送。数据可形成数据包，并具有保证送达(TCP)。数据可利用SQL数据库或其它类似的相关数据库的架构存储在数据存储区122中。
参照图2，示出了城市201的地图200。地图包括铁路轨道206南部的不安全区域202。地图包括铁路轨道206北部的安全区域204。起点214示出了车辆216的行驶方向。车辆216在去往城市201东部的工作位置(未示出)的路上。在具有五星的期望的安全评级的情况下，车辆216可接收到充电站212的指示。在具有五星的期望的安全评级的情况下，车辆216将不会接收到低星级的充电站208、210的指示。如果车辆216预测在假定或揭示的目的地处的电池荷电状态低于期望的电池荷电状态，则期望的安全评级可被自动调整至三星，并显示充电站210(尽管充电站208距离预期路线更近)。如果车辆216预测在假定或揭示的目的地处的电池荷电状态低于期望的电池荷电状态，则车辆可将期望的安全评级自动调整至一星，并显示充电站208(尽管充电站208在轨道的不安全的一侧)。
参照图3，示出了城市301的地图300。地图包括铁路轨道306南部的不安全区域302。地图包括铁路轨道306北部的安全区域304。起点314示出了车辆316的行驶方向。车辆316在去往城市301东部的工作位置(未示出)的路上。在具有五星的期望的安全评级和期望的活动评级、或者期望的安全评级和期望的活动评级的平均值为五星的情况下，车辆316可接收到充电站312的指示。车辆316将不会接收到低星级的充电站308、310的指示。如果车辆316具有较低的荷电状态的电池，则车辆可将期望的安全评级自动调整至三星，并显示充电站310(尽管充电站310距离轨道的另一侧更近)。如果车辆316具有最小荷电状态的电池，则车辆可将期望的安全评级自动调整至一星，并显示充电站308(尽管充电站308在轨道的不安全的一侧)。类似地，活动评级也可以被替代为公共设施评级或其它评级类型。
参照图4，示出了路线的地图400。描述了车辆402。车辆402最近离开了日常工作位置404。如果预期在到达“日常位置”(诸如日常的家406)之后的电池荷电状态低于20％，则预期的电池荷电状态将在屏幕上显示给乘客。如果预期在到达“日常位置”(诸如日常的家406)之后的电池荷电状态低于15％，则预期的电池荷电状态可被以听觉形式宣告以警告乘客。如果预期在到达“日常位置”(诸如日常的家406)之后的电池荷电状态低于10％，则能量保存工作将被执行以延长电池寿命。如果预期在到达“日常位置”(诸如日常的家406)之后的电池荷电状态低于5％，则车辆402可建议使用历史充电站408、410，或者途中的充电站412、414。然而，如果车辆已经经过了充电站412，则充电站412可不被建议。***还可使用到达时的预期的电池荷电状态识别位置。如果预期在到达“日常位置”(诸如日常的家406)之后的电池荷电状态低于2％，则不是日常的、历史的或者途中的位置(诸如，购物商场416和工业综合体418，只要它们满足期望的安全评级、活动评级或者公共设施评级)可被显示。如果预期在到达“日常位置”(诸如日常的家406)之后的电池荷电状态低于0％，则不是日常的、历史的或者途中的位置(即使它们不满足期望的安全评级、活动评级或者公共设施评级)可被显示。如果预期在到达“日常位置”(诸如日常的家406)之后的电池荷电状态低于-5％，则不是日常的、历史的或者途中的位置(即使它们不满足期望的安全评级、活动评级或者公共设施评级)可被显示，并且车辆402应直接前往任意充电站的指示被显示。所有这些分类的决策可应用于自治车辆或自主车辆。
参照图5，描述了流程图500。开始于步骤502，与下一个充电位置相关的路线和位置被识别。在步骤504，充电位置的类型被识别。在步骤506，车辆将与其当前位置和预定路线相关的数据发送至服务器。在步骤508，车辆从服务器接收识别可从路线到达的充电站的数据。在步骤510，车辆或服务器可确定当到达每个潜在的充电站时可能剩余的荷电水平。在步骤512，车辆可根据荷电水平显示超过期望的安全评级的可从路线到达的已识别的充电站的指示符。在步骤514，车辆驶向具有超过期望的安全评级的安全评级的充电站中的一个。
参照图6，描述了与期望的安全评级相关的输入屏幕的示例。用户可通过选择显示器上的选项中的一个来输入期望的安全评级。用户还可通过移动装置或计算机发送这些选项。还可由制造商基于制造商执行的数据收集或者车辆的成本来提供期望的安全评级。
在此公开的处理、方法或算法可被传送到处理装置、控制器或计算机，或者通过所述处理装置、控制器或计算机实现，所述处理装置、控制器或计算机可包括任何现有的可编程电子控制单元或专用电子控制单元。类似地，所述处理、方法或算法可以以多种形式被存储为可通过控制器或计算机执行的数据和指令，所述多种形式包括但不限于被永久地存储在不可写存储介质(诸如，ROM装置)中的信息以及被可变地存储在可写存储介质(诸如，软盘、磁带、CD、RAM装置以及其它磁性介质和光学介质)中的信息。所述处理、方法或算法还可在软件可执行对象中实现。可选地，可使用适当的硬件组件(诸如，专用集成电路(ASIC)、现场可编程门阵列(FPGA)、状态机、控制器或者其它硬件组件或装置)或者硬件、软件和固件组件的组合来全部或部分地实现所述处理、方法或算法。
虽然以上描述了示例性实施例，但这些实施例并不意在描述本发明的所有可能形式。更确切地，说明书中所使用的词语是描述性词语而非限制性词语，并且应理解的是，可在不脱离本发明的精神和范围的情况下做出各种改变。此外，可将各种实施的实施例的特征进行组合以形成本发明的进一步的实施例。

Claims (7)

1.一种车辆，包括：
处理器，被配置为：响应于沿着路线识别充电位置的请求，发送识别车辆位置和所述路线并定义期望的安全评级的非车载数据；并响应于从远程服务器接收到识别均具有超过所述期望的安全评级的安全评级的充电站的数据，显示能够从所述路线到达的已识别的充电站的指示符。
2.如权利要求1所述的车辆，其中，所述处理器还被配置为：基于电池荷电状态调整所述期望的安全评级。
3.如权利要求2所述的车辆，其中，所述处理器还被配置为：随着电池荷电状态下降而降低所述期望的安全评级。
4.如权利要求1所述的车辆，其中，所述处理器还被配置为：发送识别期望的活动评级的非车载数据，并响应于从远程服务器接收到识别均具有超过所述期望的安全评级的安全评级和超过所述期望的活动评级的活动评级的充电站的数据，显示能够从所述路线到达的具有超过所述期望的安全评级的安全评级和超过所述期望的活动评级的活动评级的已识别的充电站的指示符。
5.如权利要求1所述的车辆，其中，所述处理器还被配置为：发送识别期望的公共设施评级的非车载数据，并响应于从远程服务器接收到识别均具有超过所述期望的安全评级的安全评级和超过所述期望的公共设施评级的公共设施评级的充电站的数据，显示能够从所述路线到达的具有超过所述期望的安全评级的安全评级和超过所述期望的公共设施评级的公共设施评级的已识别的充电站的指示符。
6.如权利要求1所述的车辆，其中，所述指示符识别至少一些所述已识别的充电站的活动评级或公共设施评级。
7.如权利要求1所述的车辆，其中，安全评级包括分类的犯罪数据、统计的犯罪值或者汇总的用户安全评级。
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CN112721716A (zh) * 2021-01-11 2021-04-30 广州橙行智动汽车科技有限公司 一种充电站的处理方法和装置
CN112810489A (zh) * 2021-04-19 2021-05-18 禾美(浙江)汽车股份有限公司 一种新能源汽车用安全充电管理***

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RU2016137808A (ru) 2018-03-23
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