CN106910936B - 线缆型二次电池 - Google Patents
线缆型二次电池 Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN106910936B CN106910936B CN201611235258.5A CN201611235258A CN106910936B CN 106910936 B CN106910936 B CN 106910936B CN 201611235258 A CN201611235258 A CN 201611235258A CN 106910936 B CN106910936 B CN 106910936B
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- Prior art keywords
- secondary battery
- cable
- type secondary
- electrode
- active material
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- 239000003792 electrolyte Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 32
- 239000011253 protective coating Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 239000007774 positive electrode material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 102000004310 Ion Channels Human genes 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nickel Chemical compound [Ni] PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 30
- 239000011149 active material Substances 0.000 claims description 21
- 229910052759 nickel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 18
- 229920001940 conductive polymer Polymers 0.000 claims description 16
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 16
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims description 16
- -1 aluminum-cadmium Chemical compound 0.000 claims description 14
- 229910052719 titanium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 14
- 239000010936 titanium Substances 0.000 claims description 14
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 11
- RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titanium Chemical compound [Ti] RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 11
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 11
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 10
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000004020 conductor Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000007773 negative electrode material Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 229910001220 stainless steel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000010935 stainless steel Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- KDLHZDBZIXYQEI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Palladium Chemical compound [Pd] KDLHZDBZIXYQEI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
- BQCADISMDOOEFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silver Chemical compound [Ag] BQCADISMDOOEFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
- HSFWRNGVRCDJHI-UHFFFAOYSA-N alpha-acetylene Natural products C#C HSFWRNGVRCDJHI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
- 229920001197 polyacetylene Polymers 0.000 claims description 8
- 229920000767 polyaniline Polymers 0.000 claims description 8
- 229920000128 polypyrrole Polymers 0.000 claims description 8
- 229920000123 polythiophene Polymers 0.000 claims description 8
- 229910052709 silver Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000004332 silver Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000005518 polymer electrolyte Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 229920002689 polyvinyl acetate Polymers 0.000 claims description 7
- 229920003171 Poly (ethylene oxide) Polymers 0.000 claims description 6
- 229920002873 Polyethylenimine Polymers 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910052744 lithium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
- AMXOYNBUYSYVKV-UHFFFAOYSA-M lithium bromide Chemical compound [Li+].[Br-] AMXOYNBUYSYVKV-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 6
- KWGKDLIKAYFUFQ-UHFFFAOYSA-M lithium chloride Chemical compound [Li+].[Cl-] KWGKDLIKAYFUFQ-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910003002 lithium salt Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
- 159000000002 lithium salts Chemical class 0.000 claims description 6
- 229920001451 polypropylene glycol Polymers 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910000925 Cd alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- AMGQUBHHOARCQH-UHFFFAOYSA-N indium;oxotin Chemical compound [In].[Sn]=O AMGQUBHHOARCQH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910052763 palladium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 229920003229 poly(methyl methacrylate) Polymers 0.000 claims description 4
- 229920002239 polyacrylonitrile Polymers 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000004926 polymethyl methacrylate Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 229920002981 polyvinylidene fluoride Polymers 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910052717 sulfur Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000011593 sulfur Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910001558 CF3SO3Li Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052684 Cerium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910003253 LiB10Cl10 Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910000552 LiCF3SO3 Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910032387 LiCoO2 Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910011279 LiCoPO4 Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052493 LiFePO4 Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910016127 LiNi1-x-y-zCoxM1yM2zO2 Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910014359 LiNi1−x−y−zCoxM1yM2zO2 Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910003005 LiNiO2 Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910001290 LiPF6 Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- WHXSMMKQMYFTQS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Lithium Chemical compound [Li] WHXSMMKQMYFTQS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910002097 Lithium manganese(III,IV) oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000004698 Polyethylene Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910006145 SO3Li Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- UCKMPCXJQFINFW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulphide Chemical compound [S-2] UCKMPCXJQFINFW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- BEKPOUATRPPTLV-UHFFFAOYSA-N [Li].BCl Chemical compound [Li].BCl BEKPOUATRPPTLV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 125000001931 aliphatic group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052793 cadmium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000003575 carbonaceous material Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052804 chromium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- XGZVUEUWXADBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-L lithium carbonate Chemical compound [Li+].[Li+].[O-]C([O-])=O XGZVUEUWXADBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052808 lithium carbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910001547 lithium hexafluoroantimonate(V) Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910001540 lithium hexafluoroarsenate(V) Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- HSZCZNFXUDYRKD-UHFFFAOYSA-M lithium iodide Inorganic materials [Li+].[I-] HSZCZNFXUDYRKD-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910001486 lithium perchlorate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- MHCFAGZWMAWTNR-UHFFFAOYSA-M lithium perchlorate Chemical compound [Li+].[O-]Cl(=O)(=O)=O MHCFAGZWMAWTNR-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910001537 lithium tetrachloroaluminate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910001496 lithium tetrafluoroborate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- HSFDLPWPRRSVSM-UHFFFAOYSA-M lithium;2,2,2-trifluoroacetate Chemical compound [Li+].[O-]C(=O)C(F)(F)F HSFDLPWPRRSVSM-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052749 magnesium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052748 manganese Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052750 molybdenum Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910001317 nickel manganese cobalt oxide (NMC) Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 229920000573 polyethylene Polymers 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052718 tin Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052721 tungsten Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052720 vanadium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052725 zinc Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 claims 4
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 239000010410 layer Substances 0.000 abstract description 42
- 239000011118 polyvinyl acetate Substances 0.000 description 5
- 150000002500 ions Chemical class 0.000 description 4
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- 239000002033 PVDF binder Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000011159 matrix material Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 3
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- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
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- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
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- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 150000002739 metals Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 229920001021 polysulfide Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 239000005077 polysulfide Substances 0.000 description 2
- 150000008117 polysulfides Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 229910052710 silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000004593 Epoxy Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910005580 NiCd Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910005813 NiMH Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000007743 anodising Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004891 communication Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229920006037 cross link polymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 238000009831 deintercalation Methods 0.000 description 1
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- 239000011267 electrode slurry Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000009713 electroplating Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
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- 230000002687 intercalation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009830 intercalation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910001416 lithium ion Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002952 polymeric resin Substances 0.000 description 1
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- 239000013585 weight reducing agent Substances 0.000 description 1
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Abstract
本发明涉及一种线缆型二次电池,其包含:内电极,所述内电极包含平行布置且相互隔开的至少两个负极,所述负极纵向延伸并具有预定形状的水平横截面,每个负极在其上具有相应的电解质层充当离子通道,各个相应的电解质层包围相应的负极;外电极,所述外电极包含正极,所述正极包含包围所述内电极的正极活性材料层,所述外电极与所述内电极平行布置;以及包围所述外电极的保护涂层,其中在各个外表面上具有所述电解质层且相互隔开的所述至少两个负极嵌入到所述正极活性材料层中,以及其中所述线缆型二次电池不包含隔膜。所述线缆型二次电池具有自由变形性和高的电池倍率,易于控制所述内电极与外电极之间的容量平衡。
Description
本发明专利申请是基于2011年1月27日提交的发明名称为“线缆型二次电池”的中国专利申请201180004929.6号的分案申请。
技术领域
本发明涉及可自由变形的线缆型二次电池。
背景技术
本申请要求在2010年2月1日在韩国提交的韩国专利申请10-2010-0009049号的优先权,通过参考将其完整内容并入本文中。
二次电池为能够以化学形式储存能量并在需要时能够转化成电能以产生电力的装置。也将二次电池称作可充电电池,因为其能够反复再充电。普通的二次电池包含铅蓄电池、NiCd电池、NiMH蓄电池、Li离子电池、Li离子聚合物电池等。当与一次性的一次电池相比时,二次电池不仅更加经济有效,而且更加环境友好。
目前将二次电池用于需要低电力的应用如帮助车辆的启动的设备、便携式装置、工具、不间断电源等。近来,由于无线通信技术的发展导致便携式装置的普及并甚至导致多种常规装置的移动化,所以对二次电池的需求急剧增加。还将二次电池用于环境友好的下一代车辆如混合动力车辆和电动车辆中以降低成本和重量并提高车辆的寿命。
通常,二次电池具有圆柱形、棱柱形或袋形。这与二次电池的制造方法相关,其中将由负极、正极和隔膜构成的电极组件安装在圆柱形或棱柱形金属壳或铝层压片的袋形壳中,且利用电解质填充所述壳。因为在这种方法中需要用于电极组件的预定安装空间,所以在开发多种形状的便携式装置时二次电池的圆柱形、棱柱形或袋形是一种限制。因此,需要变形容易的新结构的二次电池。
为了满足这种需要,已经提出了开发长度对横截面的直径之比非常大的线性电池。韩国专利公开2005-0099903公开了一种丝型柔性电池,其包含内电极、电解质和外电极,但具有一个负极和一个正极的限制性结构并因此容量平衡低。韩国专利0804411公开了一种线性电池,所述线性电池包含多个负极和多个正极、以及***其间的隔膜。韩国专利注册0742739公开了一种包含正极丝和负极丝的丝型柔性电池,然而,这不是以外电极/内电极结构为基础的。
发明内容
技术问题
本发明的目的是提供一种新型线性结构的二次电池,所述二次电池容易变形并具有优异的稳定性和性能。
技术方案
本发明的线缆型二次电池包含内电极、外电极、以及包围所述外电极的保护涂层,所述内电极包含平行布置的至少两个负极,所述负极纵向延伸并具有预定形状的水平横截面,所述负极上具有充当离子通道的电解质层,所述外电极包含包括包围所述内电极的正极活性材料层的正极。
或者,所述线缆型二次电池包含内电极、外电极、以及包围所述外电极的保护涂层,所述内电极包含平行布置的至少两个正极,所述正极纵向延伸并具有预定形状的水平横截面,所述正极上具有充当离子通道的电解质层,所述外电极包含包括包围所述内电极的负极活性材料层的负极。
所述负极或正极具有圆形或多边形形状的横截面,其中所述圆形可以为几何对称的圆形形状或几何不对称的椭圆形形状,且所述多边形形状可以为三角形、四边形、五边形或六边形形状。
优选地,所述负极或正极包含集电器和在所述集电器的外表面上形成的活性材料层。
在这种情况下,所述集电器可优选由不锈钢、铝、镍、钛、烧结碳和铜;用碳、镍、钛和银进行表面处理的不锈钢;铝-镉合金;用导电材料进行表面处理的非导电聚合物;或导电聚合物制成。所述导电材料可包括聚乙炔、聚苯胺、聚吡咯、聚噻吩、聚氮化硫、铟锡氧化物(ITO)、银、钯、镍和铜。此外,所述导电聚合物可以包括聚乙炔、聚苯胺、聚吡咯、聚噻吩和聚氮化硫。
所述负极活性材料可以包括含碳材料;含锂的钛复合氧化物(LTO);金属(Me)如Si、Sn、Li、Zn、Mg、Cd、Ce、Ni和Fe;所述金属(Me)的合金;所述金属(Me)的氧化物(MeOx);以及所述金属(Me)和碳的复合材料。所述正极活性材料可包括LiCoO2、LiNiO2、LiMn2O4、LiCoPO4、LiFePO4、LiNiMnCoO2和LiNi1-x-y-zCoxM1yM2zO2(M1和M2各自独立地为选自Al、Ni、Co、Fe、Mn、V、Cr、Ti、W、Ta、Mg和Mo中的任一种,且x、y和z各自独立地为氧化物中各成分的原子分数,其中0≤x<0.5、0≤y<0.5、0≤z<0.5、x+y+z≤1)。
所述电解质层可由选自如下的电解质形成:PEO、PVdF、PMMA、PAN或PVAc的胶凝聚合物电解质;和PEO、聚环氧丙烷(PPO)、聚乙烯亚胺(PEI)、聚乙烯硫化物(PES)或PVAc的固体电解质。
在本发明的线缆型二次电池中,所述电解质层可还包含锂盐。所述锂盐可包括LiCl、LiBr、LiI、LiClO4、LiBF4、LiB10Cl10、LiPF6、LiCF3SO3、LiCF3CO2、LiAsF6、LiSbF6、LiAlCl4、CH3SO3Li、CF3SO3Li、(CF3SO2)2NLi、氯硼烷锂、低级脂族碳酸锂和四苯基硼酸锂。
有益效果
本发明的线缆型二次电池因其线性和柔性而具有自由变形性,并由此可应用于各种便携式装置中,其中在所述线缆型二次电池中多个电极包含在另一个电极中。此外,所述电池具有多个内电极和管状外电极,这导致其间的接触面积增大并因此电池倍率高,且通过调节内电极的数量,更容易控制其间的容量平衡。通过存在多个内电极,可防止由重复使用造成的短路。此外,所述电池具有在所述内电极上形成的电解质层以防止内电极与外电极之间的直接接触,由此防止短路。内电极的表面积相对增大可实现高倍率。
附图说明
参考附图,根据实施方案的如下说明,本发明的其他特征和方面变得明显,其中:
图1是圆形线缆型二次电池的横截面图;且
图2是椭圆形线缆型二次电池的横截面图。
附图标记说明
10:内电极的集电器 11:内电极的活性材料层
20:外电极的集电器 21:外电极的活性材料层
30:电解质层 40:保护涂层
具体实施方式
下文中,参考附图对本发明进行详细说明。本文中提出的说明仅是出于例示性目的而提供的优选实例,不旨在限制本发明的范围,所以应理解,在不背离本发明的主旨和范围的条件下可以对其完成其他等价物和变体。
图1和2显示了根据本发明的线缆型二次电池的实例,其中对相同的元件表示相同的标号。参考图1和2,本发明的线缆型二次电池包含内电极、电解质层30、外电极和保护涂层40。所述内电极包含平行布置的至少两个负极,所述负极具有预定形状的水平横截面并纵向延伸。所述电解质层30形成在所述内电极上并充当离子通道。所述外电极包含包括包围所述内电极的正极活性材料层21的正极。所述保护涂层40包围所述外电极。
或者,本发明的线缆型二次电池包含内电极、电解质层30、外电极和保护涂层40。所述内电极包含平行布置的至少两个正极,所述正极具有预定形状的水平横截面并纵向延伸。所述电解质层30形成在所述内电极上并充当离子通道。所述外电极包含包括包围所述内电极的负极活性材料层21的负极。所述保护涂层40包围所述外电极。此处,所述预定形状不限于特定形状,且可在不背离本发明主旨和范围的条件下包括任意形状。
本发明的线缆型二次电池具有预定形状的水平横截面和垂直于所述水平横截面延伸的线性结构。此外,所述线缆型二次电池具有柔性并因此具有自由变形性。所述线缆型二次电池可具有各种形状,诸如例如图1中所示的几何对称的圆形形状或图2中所示的几何不对称的椭圆形形状。
本发明的线缆型二次电池具有包含多个负极或正极的内电极和包含管状正极或负极的外电极。所述负极或正极通常包含集电器和在所述集电器上形成的活性材料层。然而,当活性材料层独自充当集电器时,可不需要集电器。所述负极或正极可具有圆形或多边形形状的横截面,其中所述圆形形状可以为几何对称的圆形形状或几何不对称的椭圆形形状,且所述多边形形状不限于特定类型的多边形形状,只要其不是二维的片型即可。例如,所述多边形可以为,但不限于三角形、四边形、五边形或六边形形状。
所述内电极包含平行布置的至少两个负极或正极,然而,在这点上本发明不受限制。例如,可以以直的或扭曲的形状布置多个负极或正极。在图1中,显示了包含四个负极或正极的内电极,且在图2中,显示了包含三个负极或正极的内电极。
包含多个电极的线缆型二次电池因为与相对电极的接触面积增大而具有高电池倍率和优异的电池性能。此外,线缆型二次电池可能因其柔性而经历由重复使用造成的短路,然而,即使当在一个电极中发生短路时,电池仍可以运行。为了保持电池的容量平衡,包含负极的内电极应使用比在包含正极的内电极中所使用的正极活性材料的量更多的负极活性材料,这是因为负极活性材料具有比正极活性材料更高的单位体积的容量的事实。在本发明中,通过调节内电极的数量,可以控制内电极与外电极之间的容量平衡。
优选地,本发明的负极或正极包含集电器10或20和通过涂布而在所述集电器10或20的表面上形成的活性材料层11或21。所述活性材料使得离子可通过集电器10或20移动,并通过离子的嵌入/脱嵌而进入/离开电解质层来实施离子移动。
优选地,所述集电器10或20可由如下材料制成:不锈钢、铝、镍、钛、烧结碳和铜;用碳、镍、钛和银进行表面处理的不锈钢;铝-镉合金;用导电材料进行表面处理的非导电聚合物;或导电聚合物。
所述集电器10或20收集由活性材料的电化学反应所产生的电子,或供应电化学反应所需要的电子。通常,集电器10或20由诸如铜或铝的金属制成。然而,当集电器10或20特别地为用导电材料进行表面处理的非导电聚合物或导电聚合物的聚合物导体时,与集电器10或20由诸如铜或铝的金属制成的情况相比,柔性相对更高。由于本发明的线缆型二次电池可具有多个电极,所以可使用多个集电器。因此,即使各集电器的柔性的小变化也会影响整个电池的柔性。此外,利用聚合物集电器代替金属集电器可实现电池的轻量化。
导电材料可包括聚乙炔、聚苯胺、聚吡咯、聚噻吩、聚氮化硫、铟锡氧化物(ITO)、银、钯、镍和铜。导电聚合物可包括聚乙炔、聚苯胺、聚吡咯、聚噻吩和聚氮化硫。然而,用于集电器10或20中的非导电聚合物不限于特定种类的非导电聚合物。
负极活性材料可包括但不限于:含碳材料;含锂的钛复合氧化物(LTO);金属(Me)如Si、Sn、Li、Zn、Mg、Cd、Ce、Ni和Fe;所述金属(Me)的合金;所述金属(Me)的氧化物(MeOx);以及所述金属(Me)和碳的复合材料。
正极活性材料可包括但不限于:LiCoO2、LiNiO2、LiMn2O4、LiCoPO4、LiFePO4、LiNiMnCoO2和LiNi1-x-y-zCoxM1yM2zO2(M1和M2各自独立地为选自Al、Ni、Co、Fe、Mn、V、Cr、Ti、W、Ta、Mg和Mo中的任一种,且x、y和z各自独立地为氧化物中各成分的原子分数,其中0≤x<0.5,0≤y<0.5,0≤z<0.5,x+y+z≤1)。
在本发明的线缆型二次电池中,在内电极(负极或正极)上形成的电解质层30可防止内电极与外电极之间的直接接触,由此防止短路,并可相对提高内电极的表面积,由此实现高电池倍率。作为离子通道的电解质层30由聚环氧乙烷(PEO)、聚偏二氟乙烯(PVdF)、聚甲基丙烯酸甲酯(PMMA)、聚丙烯腈(PAN)或聚乙酸乙烯酯(PVAc)的胶凝聚合物电解质;或者PEO、聚环氧丙烷(PPO)、聚乙烯亚胺(PEI)、聚乙烯硫化物(PES)或PVAc的固体电解质形成。优选地,所述固体电解质的基体基本上为聚合物基体或陶瓷-玻璃基体。即使典型的聚合物电解质具有充分的离子传导率,离子仍可能移动缓慢,即反应速率可能低,因此相对于固体电解质优选具有有利的离子移动的胶凝聚合物电解质。因为胶凝聚合物电解质的机械性能差,所以可使用多孔载体或交联的聚合物以提高胶凝聚合物电解质的机械性能。本发明的电解质层30可充当隔膜,由此可不使用隔膜。
本发明的电解质层30可还包含锂盐。锂盐可提高离子传导率和反应速率,且可包括但不限于:例如LiCl、LiBr、LiI、LiClO4、LiBF4、LiB10Cl10、LiPF6、LiCF3SO3、LiCF3CO2、LiAsF6、LiSbF6、LiAlCl4、CH3SO3Li、CF3SO3Li、(CF3SO2)2NLi、氯硼烷锂、低级脂族碳酸锂和四苯基硼酸锂。
本发明的保护涂层40充当绝缘体,且形成在外电极的外表面上以保护电极免受空气中的水分或外部冲击影响。所述保护涂层40可包含典型的聚合物树脂如PVC、高密度聚乙烯(HDPE)或环氧树脂。
下文中,将在下面简单地对制造如上所述的线缆型二次电池的方法进行说明。
负极或正极具有通过涂布而在集电器10或20上形成的活性材料层11或21。在这种情况下,可使用典型的涂布方法,具体地为电镀法或阳极氧化法。优选通过挤出机在集电器上挤出涂布包含活性材料的电极浆体。
在将形成的负极或正极用作内电极之后,在具有电解质层30的内电极周围形成电解质层30。在内电极的周边周围形成外电极的活性材料层21。或者,可将内电极***到活性材料层21中。在形成内电极和外电极的活性材料层21之后,在其上形成外电极的集电器20和保护涂层40。或者,在形成外电极和保护涂层40之后,可以将内电极***到外电极的活性材料层21中,或者在形成外电极的集电器20和保护涂层40之后,可以***内电极并然后可以形成外电极的活性材料层21。
Claims (19)
1.一种线缆型二次电池,其包含:
内电极,所述内电极包含平行布置且相互隔开的至少两个负极,所述负极纵向延伸并具有预定形状的水平横截面,每个负极在其上具有相应的电解质层充当离子通道,各个相应的电解质层包围相应的负极;
外电极,所述外电极包含正极,所述正极包含包围所述内电极的正极活性材料层,所述外电极与所述内电极平行布置;以及
包围所述外电极的保护涂层;
其中在各个外表面上具有所述电解质层且相互隔开的所述至少两个负极嵌入到所述正极活性材料层中,以及
其中所述线缆型二次电池不包含隔膜,
其中所述内电极以扭曲的形状布置。
2.一种线缆型二次电池,其包含:
内电极,所述内电极包含平行布置且相互隔开的至少两个正极,所述正极纵向延伸并具有预定形状的水平横截面,每个正极在其上具有相应的电解质层充当离子通道,各个相应的电解质层包围相应的正极;
外电极,所述外电极包含负极,所述负极包含包围所述内电极的负极活性材料层,所述外电极与所述内电极平行布置;以及
包围所述外电极的保护涂层;
其中在各个外表面上具有所述电解质层且相互隔开的所述至少两个正极嵌入到所述负极活性材料层中,以及
其中所述线缆型二次电池不包含隔膜,
其中所述内电极以扭曲的形状布置。
3.如权利要求1所述的线缆型二次电池,其中所述负极具有圆形或多边形形状的横截面。
4.如权利要求2所述的线缆型二次电池,其中所述正极具有圆形或多边形形状的横截面。
5.如权利要求1所述的线缆型二次电池,其中所述负极包含集电器和在所述集电器的外表面上形成的负极活性材料层。
6.如权利要求5所述的线缆型二次电池,其中所述集电器由如下材料制成:不锈钢、铝、镍、钛、烧结碳或铜;铝-镉合金;用导电材料进行表面处理的非导电聚合物;或导电聚合物。
7.如权利要求6所述的线缆型二次电池,其中所述不锈钢是用碳、镍、钛或银进行表面处理的不锈钢。
8.如权利要求6所述的线缆型二次电池,其中所述导电材料为选自如下物质中的任一种或它们的混合物:聚乙炔、聚苯胺、聚吡咯、聚噻吩、聚氮化硫、铟锡氧化物(ITO)、银、钯、镍和铜。
9.如权利要求6所述的线缆型二次电池,其中所述导电聚合物为选自如下物质中的任一种或它们的混合物:聚乙炔、聚苯胺、聚吡咯、聚噻吩和聚氮化硫。
10.如权利要求5所述的线缆型二次电池,其中所述负极活性材料层由包含活性材料粒子的活性材料形成,所述活性材料粒子为选自如下物质中的任一种或它们的混合物:含碳材料;含锂的钛复合氧化物(LTO);Si;金属(Me),选自Sn、Li、Zn、Mg、Cd、Ce、Ni和Fe;所述金属(Me)的合金;所述金属(Me)的氧化物;以及所述金属(Me)与碳的复合材料。
11.如权利要求1所述的线缆型二次电池,其中所述正极包含集电器和在所述集电器的内部形成的正极活性材料层。
12.如权利要求11所述的线缆型二次电池,其中所述集电器由如下材料制成:不锈钢、铝、镍、钛、烧结碳或铜;铝-镉合金;用导电材料进行表面处理的非导电聚合物;或导电聚合物。
13.如权利要求12所述的线缆型二次电池,其中所述不锈钢是用碳、镍、钛或银进行表面处理的不锈钢。
14.如权利要求12所述的线缆型二次电池,其中所述导电材料为选自如下物质中的任一种或它们的混合物:聚乙炔、聚苯胺、聚吡咯、聚噻吩、聚氮化硫、铟锡氧化物(ITO)、银、钯、镍和铜。
15.如权利要求12所述的线缆型二次电池,其中所述导电聚合物为选自如下物质中的任一种或它们的混合物:聚乙炔、聚苯胺、聚吡咯、聚噻吩和聚氮化硫。
16.如权利要求11所述的线缆型二次电池,其中所述正极活性材料层由包含活性材料粒子的活性材料形成,所述活性材料粒子为选自如下物质中的任一种或它们的混合物:
LiCoO2;
LiNiO2;
LiMn2O4;
LiCoPO4;
LiFePO4;
LiNiMnCoO2;和
LiNi1-x-y-zCoxM1yM2zO2,其中M1和M2各自独立地为选自Al、Ni、Co、Fe、Mn、V、Cr、Ti、W、Ta、Mg和Mo中的任一种,且x、y和z各自独立地为氧化物中各成分的原子分数,其中0≤x<0.5,0≤y<0.5,0≤z<0.5,x+y+z≤1。
17.如权利要求1或2所述的线缆型二次电池,其中所述电解质层由电解质形成,所述电解质选自:
PEO、PVdF、PMMA、PAN或PVAc的胶凝聚合物电解质;以及
PEO、聚环氧丙烷(PPO)、聚乙烯亚胺(PEI)、聚乙烯硫化物(PES)或PVAc的固体电解质。
18.如权利要求1或2所述的线缆型二次电池,其中所述电解质层还包含锂盐。
19.如权利要求18所述的线缆型二次电池,其中所述锂盐为选自如下物质中的任一种或它们的混合物:LiCl、LiBr、LiI、LiClO4、LiBF4、LiB10Cl10、LiPF6、LiCF3SO3、LiCF3CO2、LiAsF6、LiSbF6、LiAlCl4、CH3SO3Li、CF3SO3Li、(CF3SO2)2NLi、氯硼烷锂、低级脂族碳酸锂和四苯基硼酸锂。
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US20120058376A1 (en) | 2012-03-08 |
EP2533338A2 (en) | 2012-12-12 |
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EP2533338A4 (en) | 2014-02-19 |
WO2011093659A3 (ko) | 2012-01-05 |
CN106910936A (zh) | 2017-06-30 |
US9236629B2 (en) | 2016-01-12 |
WO2011093659A2 (ko) | 2011-08-04 |
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