CN108849332A - The method for improving early rice plant recovery of nutrient by the synchronous accurate fertilizing of the machine transplanting of rice - Google Patents
The method for improving early rice plant recovery of nutrient by the synchronous accurate fertilizing of the machine transplanting of rice Download PDFInfo
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- CN108849332A CN108849332A CN201810649309.1A CN201810649309A CN108849332A CN 108849332 A CN108849332 A CN 108849332A CN 201810649309 A CN201810649309 A CN 201810649309A CN 108849332 A CN108849332 A CN 108849332A
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- rice
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- machine transplanting
- transplanting
- nutrient
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G22/00—Cultivation of specific crops or plants not otherwise provided for
- A01G22/20—Cereals
- A01G22/22—Rice
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01C—PLANTING; SOWING; FERTILISING
- A01C21/00—Methods of fertilising, sowing or planting
- A01C21/005—Following a specific plan, e.g. pattern
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Abstract
The present invention relates to field of agricultural production technologies, disclose a kind of method that early rice plant recovery of nutrient is improved by the synchronous accurate fertilizing of the machine transplanting of rice, pass through the synchronous accurate fertilizing machine of rice transplanting, while rice transplanting, the disposable fixed point location of quantitative fertilizer is applied to deeply in the soil of rice shoot side, fertilization depth is in 5-8cm, dose：N：90-135kg/h ㎡, P2O5：45kg/h ㎡, K2O：90kg/h㎡.With the conventional machine transplanting of rice, the conventional method repeatedly applied fertilizer is compared, and the early rice planted using the method, nitrogen absorption and utilization rate improves 8.52%~49.5%, and amount of application of nitrogen fertilizer is few, reduces the pollution to soil.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to field of agricultural production technologies, and in particular to a kind of to be supported by the synchronous accurate fertilizing raising early rice of the machine transplanting of rice
Divide the method for utilization rate.
Background technique
Rice is one of most important cereal crops in China, in the case where the big cultivated area of China human mortality quantity is few, is mentioned
High rice yield becomes urgent problems.And applying nitrogenous fertilizer is the important means for improving rice yield, this also results in China
The unit area amount of application of nitrogen fertilizer of rice is higher by 75% than the world.Existing fertilising means mostly manually shed top application, also there is machinery
Base manure is applied deeply, but is repeatedly to apply fertilizer within entire growth period duration of rice, not only increases the cost of manual work, and nitrogenous fertilizer stream
Vector is big, causes utilization rate of nitrogen fertilizer low.The fertilising of excess causes waste again, also adds the burden of environment.
In March, 2017 proposes a kind of rice mechanical transplanting single-dose application method (application publication number to mirror et al.：CN
106857130 A), in rice mechanical transplanting, disposable ditch spread controlled-releasing compounding fertilizer and surface layer, which are mixed, applies quick-acting fertilizer.Although proposing the machine transplanting of rice
When single fertilization method, but its dose is consistent with traditional fertilization amount, and uses the deep side applied with top application progress simultaneously
Method not can be reduced the amount of application of fertilizer and prevent the loss of nitrogenous fertilizer.
Summary of the invention
The purpose of the invention is to overcome the problems, such as that multiple fertilising and fertilising of the existing technology are excessive, one kind is provided
The method for improving early rice plant recovery of nutrient by the synchronous accurate fertilizing of the machine transplanting of rice, this method has primary in the double cropping of rice early rice machine transplanting of rice
Property fixed point location fertilising, do not refertilize in the entire breeding time of early rice；Amount of application of nitrogen fertilizer is on the basis of peasant habit dose
Greatly reduce, prevent influence of the excessive fertilization to environment, at the same the plant recovery of nutrient of early rice be but improved etc. it is excellent
Point.
To achieve the goals above, the present invention provides a kind of by the synchronous accurate fertilizing raising early rice plant recovery of nutrient of the machine transplanting of rice
Method, the early rice machine transplanting of rice simultaneously, by amount of nutrients be N：90-135Kg/hm2、P2O5：45Kg/hm2、K2O：90Kg/hm2Compound
Fertilizer is disposably applied under the soil of rice shoot side, the no longer additional fertilising of entire early rice breeding time.
Preferably, the N content of the complex fertilizer is 105Kg/hm2。
Preferably, described to be disposably applied under the soil of rice shoot side, refer to and pushes away fertilizer using the machinery of the synchronous fertilizer applicator of the machine transplanting of rice
Quantitative complex fertilizer is disposably pushed into the soil of rice shoot side by mechanism while rice transplanting, is pushed into depth in 5-8cm.
Preferably, planting density 12cm × 25cm of the early rice machine transplanting of rice.
Through the above technical solutions, the present invention reduces the work of fertilising in the entire breeding time single fertilization of early rice
Amount；Fertilizing method is applied deeply using soil is lower, it is therefore prevented that the loss of fertilizer；Reduce nitrogenous fertilizer on the basis of peasant habit dose
Amount of application improves early rice plant recovery of nutrient, alleviates the burden of environment.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is amount of application of nitrogen fertilizer and nitrogen absorption and utilization rate comparative diagram in early rice Different Fertilization embodiment；
Fig. 2 is early rice overground part N, P, K gross accumulation amount comparative diagram in different embodiments.
Specific embodiment
The endpoint of disclosed range and any value are not limited to the accurate range or value herein, these ranges or
Value should be understood as comprising the value close to these ranges or value.For numberical range, between the endpoint value of each range, respectively
It can be combined with each other between the endpoint value of a range and individual point value, and individually between point value and obtain one or more
New numberical range, these numberical ranges should be considered as specific open herein.
With reference to the accompanying drawing, the embodiment of the present invention is described in detail.
Inventor has carried out planting experiment in the Hunan Province Miluo City town Gu Pei, is long-grained nonglutinous rice two excellent 25 for examination early-paddy brown rice；It is early
Rice for examination fertilizer by providing for Hu'nan Gold Leaf Public Expectation Technology Co., Ltd., investigated by Hunan Province and obtained by traditional fertilization amount, applies
Fertile mode uses the big formula fertilizer in region of 20-10-10, and formula fertilizer used in the present invention is required by this test production as the said firm
Content prepare, other fertilizer further include urea, potassium chloride, calcium superphosphate.Each embodiment institute dose is as follows：
T1, traditional fertilization：(N 150kg/hm2、P2O5 45kg/hm2、K2O 90kg/hm2)；The all common ureas of nitrogenous fertilizer
(base manure 60%, soil layer is mixed to be applied；Tillering fertilizer 40%, surface layer is spread fertilizer over the fields)；
T2, embodiment one：The machine transplanting of rice, which synchronizes, disposably subtracts the fertilising of N amount 10% (N 135kg/hm2、P2O5 45kg/hm2、K2O
90kg/hm2)；
T3, embodiment two：The machine transplanting of rice, which synchronizes, disposably subtracts the fertilising of N amount 20% (N 120kg/hm2、P2O5 45kg/hm2、K2O
90kg/hm2)；
T4, embodiment three：The machine transplanting of rice, which synchronizes, disposably subtracts the fertilising of N amount 30% (N 105kg/hm2、P2O5 45kg/hm2、K2O
90kg/hm2)；
T5, example IV：The machine transplanting of rice, which synchronizes, disposably subtracts the fertilising of N amount 40% (N 90kg/hm2、P2O5 45kg/hm2、K2O
90kg/hm2)；
T6, embodiment five：Quick-acting, the slow-release fertilizer cooperation machine transplanting of rice, which synchronizes, disposably subtracts the fertilising of N amount 30% (N105kg/hm2、P2O5
45kg/hm2、K2O 90kg/hm2)；
T7, nitrogen-free blank example：Phosphorus potassium equivalent nitrogen-free fertilising (N 0kg/hm2、P2O5 45kg/hm2、K2O 90kg/hm2)；
Specifically fertilizing method is：It 30.0 kgs/acre of T1,20-10-10 compound fertilizer, is spread fertilizer over the fields when all doing base manure site preparation, tiller
Phase imposes 8.7 kgs/acre of urea, 5.0 kgs/acre of potassium chloride；34.48 kgs/acre of T2,26.1-8.7-17.4 compound fertilizer, all
The machine transplanting of rice is synchronous to be applied；32.26 kgs/acre of T3,24.8-9.3-18.6 compound fertilizer, whole machine transplanting of rice are synchronous to be applied；T4,23.1-9.9-
19.8 30.3 kgs/acre of compound fertilizers, whole machine transplanting of rice are synchronous to be applied；28.57 kgs/acre of T5,21-10.5-21 compound fertilizer, whole machines
Insert synchronous application T6,23.1-9.9-19.8) sustained release, 30.3 kgs/acre of quick-effective mixed fertilizer, whole machine transplanting of rice are synchronous to be applied；It is T7, every
Mu spreads fertilizer over the fields 25.0 kilograms of calcium superphosphate, 5.0 kilograms of potassium chloride, and tillering stage imposes 5.0 kilograms of potassium chloride per acre.T2-T6 is all made of
The synchronous accurate fertilizing machine of the 2FH-8 rice transplanting of dragon boat company, the disposable side deep fertilizing of dose is set in rice transplanting, is applied fertilizer
Depth 5-8cm.
Experimental cultivation mode is that a point cell is planted, one cell of every kind of embodiment, plot area 12m × 4m=48m2,
Planting density 12cm × 25cm, every kind of embodiment are repeated 3 times, totally 21 cells, in the random district's groups arrangement in big field.
Test result measurement：In the maturity period, each cell takes 5 root and stem of certain plants of representative rice strain, and plant and seed is divided to kill at 105 DEG C
Blueness is weighed after 80 DEG C of drying to constant weight.Sample comminution is ground, H is used2SO4-H2O2Disappear and boil, measure respectively the nitrogen of each organ, phosphorus,
Potassium nutrition content.
Nutrient content measuring method is：Full N content：Kelvin determines N method；Full P content：Alum molybdenum Huang colorimetric method；Full K content：Fire
Flame photometer measuring method.
The calculation method of each index is：Each organ N, P, K total amount uses each organ N, P, K content multiplied by its dry weight table respectively
Show；N gross absorption=paddy weight × paddy leaded wastewater+straw weight × straw leaded wastewater；N fertilizer absorption rate=(apply the area N N
Gross absorption one is without the area N N gross absorption)/total N applied × 100%；
The nitrogen absorption and utilization rate of each embodiment and the control case of amount of application of nitrogen fertilizer are referring to Fig. 1, traditional fertilization mode
And the nitrogen absorption and utilization rate of one-embodiment of embodiment five is between 29.7%-44.39%, and
One-embodiment of embodiment five is high compared with the nitrogen absorption and utilization rate of traditional fertilization mode, declines in amount of application of nitrogen fertilizer
In the case where 10%-40%, nitrogen absorption and utilization rate improves 8.52%~49.5%, especially in the third embodiment, nitrogen application
Amount reduces 30%, and nitrogen absorption and utilization rate improves 49.52%.The nitrogen absorption and utilization rate data of each embodiment are shown in Table 1：
Each embodiment nitrogen absorption and utilization rate of table 1
Early rice overground part N, P, K gross accumulation amount situation of each embodiment referring to fig. 2, all N, P, K gross accumulations for applying N
Amount is higher than no N blank example, and example phosphate fertilizer potash fertilizer equivalent is applied everywhere, it may be possible to since suitable nitrogenous fertilizer may advantageously facilitate phosphorus element
The absorption and transhipment of potassium.Seed N, P, K accumulation of one-embodiment of embodiment five increase compared with traditional fertilization mode.
N, P accumulation highest of embodiment three, K accumulation is only second to embodiment five, compared with traditional fertilization mode, the seed of embodiment three
Grain N accumulation, which improves 39.27%, P accumulation and improves 23.37%, K accumulation, improves 41.87%.Each embodiment
N, P, K gross accumulation amount data are shown in Table 2：
Each embodiment early rice overground part N, P, K accumulation of table 2
It can be seen that by the result of table 1, table 2 and early rice nutrient improved by the synchronous accurate fertilizing of the machine transplanting of rice using the present invention
The embodiment of the method for utilization rate, not only reduces fertilizer application frequency, reduces the usage amount of nitrogenous fertilizer, and improves the suction of nitrogenous fertilizer
Utilization rate is received, the gross accumulation amount of early rice N, P, K is improved, has the advantages that production cost is low, environmental pressure is small, especially in tradition
When subtracting the fertilising of nitrogen 30% on the basis of fertilization mode, effect is the most prominent.
The preferred embodiment of the present invention has been described above in detail, and still, the present invention is not limited thereto.In skill of the invention
In art conception range, can with various simple variants of the technical solution of the present invention are made, including each technical characteristic with it is any its
Its suitable method is combined, and it should also be regarded as the disclosure of the present invention for these simple variants and combination, is belonged to
Protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (4)
1. a kind of method for improving early rice plant recovery of nutrient by the synchronous accurate fertilizing of the machine transplanting of rice, which is characterized in that in the early rice machine transplanting of rice
Meanwhile by amount of nutrients be N：90-135Kg/hm2、P2O5：45Kg/hm2、K2O：90Kg/hm2Complex fertilizer be disposably applied to seedling
Under the soil of seedling side, the no longer additional fertilising of entire early rice breeding time.
2. the method according to claim 1 for improving early rice plant recovery of nutrient by the synchronous accurate fertilizing of the machine transplanting of rice, feature
It is, the N content of the complex fertilizer is 105Kg/hm2。
3. the method according to claim 1 for improving early rice plant recovery of nutrient by the synchronous accurate fertilizing of the machine transplanting of rice, feature
It is, it is described to be disposably applied under the soil of rice shoot side, refer to the mechanical Tui Fei mechanism using the synchronous fertilizer applicator of the machine transplanting of rice, in rice transplanting
While, quantitative complex fertilizer is disposably pushed into the soil of rice shoot side, is pushed into depth in 5-8cm.
4. the method according to claim 1 for improving early rice plant recovery of nutrient by the synchronous accurate fertilizing of the machine transplanting of rice, feature
It is, planting density 12cm × 25cm of the early rice machine transplanting of rice.
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| CN201810649309.1A CN108849332A (en) | 2018-06-22 | 2018-06-22 | The method for improving early rice plant recovery of nutrient by the synchronous accurate fertilizing of the machine transplanting of rice |
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Citations (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN104529630A (en) * | 2014-12-18 | 2015-04-22 | 湖南安邦新农业科技股份有限公司 | Mixing synergist capable of improving utilization rate of rice fertilizer, and use method of mixing synergist |
| CN106857130A (en) * | 2017-03-01 | 2017-06-20 | 中国水稻研究所 | Rice mechanical transplanting single-dose application method |
| CN106888659A (en) * | 2017-02-27 | 2017-06-27 | 中国水稻研究所 | Paddy rice single-dose application method |
| CN107889602A (en) * | 2016-10-01 | 2018-04-10 | 中国科学院南京土壤研究所 | The disposable root area of rice at whole growth periods whole fertilizer spreads manuer in holes method |
| CN107896881A (en) * | 2017-12-12 | 2018-04-13 | 安徽省农业科学院土壤肥料研究所 | A kind of light simplified cultivation method of rice |
-
2018
- 2018-06-22 CN CN201810649309.1A patent/CN108849332A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN104529630A (en) * | 2014-12-18 | 2015-04-22 | 湖南安邦新农业科技股份有限公司 | Mixing synergist capable of improving utilization rate of rice fertilizer, and use method of mixing synergist |
| CN107889602A (en) * | 2016-10-01 | 2018-04-10 | 中国科学院南京土壤研究所 | The disposable root area of rice at whole growth periods whole fertilizer spreads manuer in holes method |
| CN106888659A (en) * | 2017-02-27 | 2017-06-27 | 中国水稻研究所 | Paddy rice single-dose application method |
| CN106857130A (en) * | 2017-03-01 | 2017-06-20 | 中国水稻研究所 | Rice mechanical transplanting single-dose application method |
| CN107896881A (en) * | 2017-12-12 | 2018-04-13 | 安徽省农业科学院土壤肥料研究所 | A kind of light simplified cultivation method of rice |
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Application publication date: 20181123 |