CN106521355A - Double-phase stainless steel as well as preparation method and application thereof - Google Patents

Double-phase stainless steel as well as preparation method and application thereof Download PDF

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Publication number
CN106521355A
CN106521355A CN201611049285.3A CN201611049285A CN106521355A CN 106521355 A CN106521355 A CN 106521355A CN 201611049285 A CN201611049285 A CN 201611049285A CN 106521355 A CN106521355 A CN 106521355A
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Prior art keywords
stainless steel
phase stainless
rod iron
steel material
surplus
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CN201611049285.3A
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CN106521355B (en
Inventor
廖云虎
雷德江
丁勇
黄志永
刘永新
张华国
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Sichuan Liuhe Special Metal Materials Co., Ltd.
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SICHUAN LIUHE FORGING Co Ltd
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    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22CALLOYS
    • C22C38/00Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
    • C22C38/18Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium
    • C22C38/40Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with nickel
    • C22C38/44Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with nickel with molybdenum or tungsten
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23KSOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
    • B23K35/00Rods, electrodes, materials, or media, for use in soldering, welding, or cutting
    • B23K35/22Rods, electrodes, materials, or media, for use in soldering, welding, or cutting characterised by the composition or nature of the material
    • B23K35/24Selection of soldering or welding materials proper
    • B23K35/30Selection of soldering or welding materials proper with the principal constituent melting at less than 1550 degrees C
    • B23K35/3053Fe as the principal constituent
    • B23K35/308Fe as the principal constituent with Cr as next major constituent
    • B23K35/3086Fe as the principal constituent with Cr as next major constituent containing Ni or Mn
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22BPRODUCTION AND REFINING OF METALS; PRETREATMENT OF RAW MATERIALS
    • C22B9/00General processes of refining or remelting of metals; Apparatus for electroslag or arc remelting of metals
    • C22B9/16Remelting metals
    • C22B9/18Electroslag remelting
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22CALLOYS
    • C22C38/00Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
    • C22C38/001Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing N
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22CALLOYS
    • C22C38/00Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
    • C22C38/004Very low carbon steels, i.e. having a carbon content of less than 0,01%
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02PCLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
    • Y02P10/00Technologies related to metal processing
    • Y02P10/25Process efficiency

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Metallurgy (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Heat Treatment Of Articles (AREA)
  • Heat Treatment Of Steel (AREA)

Abstract

The invention relates to a double-phase stainless steel as well as a preparation method and application thereof. The double-phase stainless steel is prepared from the following components in percentage by mass: less than or equal to 0.03 percent of C, 24.00 to 26.00 percent of Cr, 6.00 to 7.50 percent of Ni, 2.50 to 3.00 percent of Mo, 0.14 to 0.20 percent of N and the balance of Fe and unavoidable impurities. A welding core prepared from the double-phase stainless steel material can be used for making a ferrite and austenite double-phase weld structure, and a welded part his excellent in mechanical property and corrosion resistance.

Description

A kind of two phase stainless steel and its preparation method and application
Technical field
The present invention relates to two phase stainless steel field, more particularly to a kind of two phase stainless steel and its preparation method and application.
Background technology
After two phase stainless steel solution treatment, it is made up of about 50% ferrite and 50% austenitic duplex at room temperature.Two The characteristics of presence of phase constitution makes two phase stainless steel have ferritic stainless steel and austenitic stainless steel concurrently.With austenitic stainless steel phase Than the intensity of two phase stainless steel, particularly yield strength are significantly improved, and intergranular corrosion resistance, anticorrosion stress-resistant, anti-wear performance are notable Improve.With ferritic stainless steel ratio, its toughness is improved, brittle transition temperature is reduced, intergranular corrosion resistance and weldability are significantly improved, The little advantage of ferritic steel heat conductivity height, the coefficient of expansion is remained simultaneously.
At present, two phase stainless steel is used widely in fields such as oil, natural gas, papermaking, desalinization and chemical industry, In particular for the part of appliance of special chemical environment.Its 2205 two phase stainless steel of Typical Representative trade mark is in air pollution control The fields such as equipment, chemical tanker successfully instead of 316L austenitic stainless steels.Develop 2304 two-phases of more than two decades not Although rust steel is not so good as 2205 two phase stainless steels in performance, big in nickel, molybdenum price fluctuation, its cost of material exceedes austenite not Between rust steel and two phase stainless steel in the case of price difference, it is stainless that 2304 two phase stainless steels just become splendid replacement 316L of cost The ideal material of steel.
Research at present both at home and abroad to two phase stainless steel is a lot, in such as Chinese patent application CN 101613839A, nickel is contained Amount control can effectively reduce production cost below 1.0%;Such as Chinese patent application CN 101215674A and CN In 101768705A, rare precious metal in two phase stainless steel is reduced by adding trace rare-earth element while acquisition combination property is excellent Good two phase stainless steel.And for example United States Patent (USP) US6551420 provides a kind of EN 1.4401 (ASTM 316) type austenitic stainless steel And the inexpensive succedaneum to two-phase stainless steel grade 2205, two kinds of compositionss, the scope of every kind of element is described in embodiment Represent below by weight %:0.018-0.021% carbon, 0.46-0.50% manganese, 0.022% phosphorus, 0.0014-0.0034% Sulfur, 0.44-0.45% silicon, 20.18-20.25% chromium, 3.24-3.27% nickel, 1.80-1.84% molybdenums, 0.21% bronze medal, 0.166- 0.167% nitrogen and 0.0016% boron, which has the corrosion resistance higher than EN 1.4401, and for used in chloride environment It is particularly advantageous.Research in terms of for core wire, Chinese patent CN104668819B provide a kind of 2205 phase stainless steel use Metal flux-cored wire, is made up of the component of following mass percent:Ni10%-15%, Cr30%-40%, Mo8%-14%, Mn2%-4%, remaining is ferrum, and above constituent mass percentage ratio sum is 100%, but the mechanical performance of the welding wire is far from full The needs of the special chemical industry equipment of foot.
The content of the invention
In order to solve the above-mentioned problems in the prior art, the present invention provides a kind of two-phase stainless Steel material and its preparation Methods and applications, the core wire prepared with two-phase stainless Steel material can obtain ferrite and austenitic duplex seam organization, welding Position has excellent mechanical performance and corrosion resistance.
The present invention is adopted the following technical scheme that:A kind of two-phase stainless Steel material, it is composed of the following components by mass percentage:
C≤0.03%,
Cr 24.00~26.00%,
Ni 6.00~7.50%,
Mo 2.50~3.00%,
N 0.14~0.20%,
Surplus is Fe and inevitable impurity.
The present invention preferred embodiment in, the impurity is:
Si≤0.80%,
P≤0.020%,
S≤0.010%.
The present invention preferred embodiment in, the two-phase stainless Steel material is composed of the following components:
C≤0.02%,
Cr 24.00~25.00%,
Ni 6.00~7.00%,
Mo 2.80-3.00%,
N 0.15~0.20%,
Surplus is Fe and inevitable impurity.
The present invention preferred embodiment in, the two-phase stainless Steel material is composed of the following components:
C≤0.01%,
Cr 24.00%,
Ni 6.00%,
Mo 3.00%,
N 0.20%,
Surplus is Fe and inevitable impurity.
The present invention also protects the preparation method of above-mentioned two-phase stainless Steel material, comprises the following steps:
(1) melting in non-vacuum induction furnace of required element, 1400~1600 DEG C of smelting temperature are taken;Adjust in fusion process The content of section each element so as to which weight ratio meets design requirement, the content for controlling impurity element is as far as possible low, and solution pours into consumable Electrode;
(2) by consutrodes in electroslag furnace remelting refining, further reduce impurity element content so as to meet design Require, remelting is CaF into ESR ingot, wherein slag system2:Al2O3:CaO:MgO=60:25:10:5 (mass percents), voltage 56V ±2V;7500 ± 300A of electric current;
(3) ESR ingot heats forged is made into rod iron, rod iron is heated to into 1100-1300 DEG C and is incubated 2~4 hours, started Forging;
(4) spread out after rod iron forging and be air cooled to room temperature;
(5) rod iron surface treatment, enters optical processing of driving a vehicle to finished product rod iron surface, eliminate surface defect and make rod iron size, Shape, surface quality meet design requirement.
The present invention preferred embodiment in, the smelting temperature be 1530~1550 DEG C.
The present invention preferred embodiment in, in step (3) rod iron heating temperature be 1190 DEG C.
The present invention also protects application of the above-mentioned two-phase stainless Steel material in chemical industry equipment core wire is prepared, wherein core wire to press Mass percent is composed of the following components:
C≤0.03%,
Cr 24.00~26.00%,
Ni 6.00~7.50%,
Mo 2.50~3.00%,
N 0.14~0.20%,
Surplus is Fe and inevitable impurity.
The present invention preferred embodiment in, the impurity is:
Si≤0.80%,
P≤0.020%,
S≤0.010%.
The present invention preferred embodiment in, the core wire is composed of the following components:
C≤0.02%,
Cr 24.00~25.00%,
Ni 6.00~7.00%,
Mo 2.80~3.00%,
N 0.15~0.20%,
Surplus is Fe and inevitable impurity.
The present invention preferred embodiment in, the core wire is composed of the following components:
C≤0.01%,
Cr 24.00%,
Ni 6.00%,
Mo 3.00%,
N 0.20%,
Surplus is Fe and inevitable impurity.
Core wire of the present invention can be prepared using method well known in the prior art.
In the design with very good mechanical properties and the chemical composition of corrosion proof two phase stainless steel of the present invention:
Carbon:Carbon is strong austenite former, and its austenitic formation functions as 30 times of Ni, therefore to a certain extent Ni can be replaced, promote the formation of austenite structure.But when carbon content is too high, carbon forms chromium-rich in crystal boundary after being combined with chromium Carbide, causes intercrystalline corrosion.Especially in welding process, carbide is separated out rapidly, will cause the corrosion resistance of weld zone Can be remarkably decreased with mechanical property.Too low carbon content will increase difficulty and cost in preparation process.Therefore, in steel of the present invention Carbon content control is≤0.03%, and optimum is≤0.01%.
Chromium:Chromium is most important element in rustless steel.Chromium is to determine the corrosion proof main element of rustless steel, is also a kind of ferrum Ferritic formation element, while can stable austenite.For two phase stainless steel, when chromium content is relatively low, corrosion resistance will decline, together When reduce the stability of tissue, it is unfavorable with decay resistance to mechanics, but when chromium content is too high, can not only increase between metal The precipitation tendency of phase, carbide and nitride, increases cost, it is often more important that can be unfavorable to its mechanical performance.Therefore it is of the invention In steel, Cr contents are controlled to 24.00-26.00%, and optimum is 24.00%
Nitrogen:Nitrogen is indispensable important element in modern two phase stainless steel.N first is a kind of formation and stable Austria The element of family name's body phase, the austenitic formation ability of nitrogen are 30 times of nickel.Additionally, nitrogen can improve the corrosion resistance of austenite phase Energy, especially resistance to spot corrosion performance and slit and corrosion resistant performance, despite as above advantage, but nitrogen can significantly reduce two phase stainless steel Mechanical performance.Therefore, 0.14~0.20%, optimum is 0.20% for nitrogen in steel content control of the present invention
Molybdenum:Molybdenum is very beneficial for improving the decay resistance of steel, especially in the case of with chromium compound action, its resistance to point Erosion equivalent is 3.3 times of chromium.What is more important, Mo can improve the thermoplasticity of two phase stainless steel, therefore Mo contents are controlled More than 2.5%.But molybdenum content is too high to be separated out the acceleration for causing phase between brittle metal, it is unfavorable for producing and applies, therefore 2.50~3.00%, optimum is 3.00% for molybdenum content control in steel of the present invention.
Nickel:Nickel is austenizer, during with other components matching design, can effectively adjust two-phase stainless Steel material Mechanical performance.
Impurity Si, S and P are very big for the mechanical performance harm of two phase stainless steel, so two phase stainless steel will be reduced as far as possible In impurity content, the present invention in Si≤0.80%, P≤0.020%, S≤0.010%..
Compared with prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention is:Using formula design and processes method as above The two-phase stainless Steel material for preparing has excellent mechanical property and mechanical performance, and corrosion resistance is good, wherein resists Tensile strength Rm >=750Mpa;Yield strength Rp0.2 >=580Mpa;Percentage elongation A >=30%, far above product of the prior art Related two phase stainless steel in 316L and background technology.Present invention is particularly suitable in special chemical industry equipment preparation process The high tensile strength of welding welding rod, such as those limit, peracid is high-alkali and environment under high pressure.
Specific embodiment
Two-phase stainless Steel material is prepared, is comprised the following steps:
(1) melting in non-vacuum induction furnace of required element, 1550 DEG C of smelting temperature are taken;Each unit is adjusted in fusion process The content of element so as to which weight ratio meets design requirement, the content for controlling impurity element is as far as possible low, and solution pours into consutrodes;
(2) by consutrodes in electroslag furnace remelting refining, further reduce impurity element content so as to meet design Require, remelting is CaF into ESR ingot, wherein slag system2:Al2O3:CaO:MgO=60:25:10:5 (mass percents), voltage 56V ±2V;7500 ± 300A of electric current;
(3) ESR ingot heats forged is made into rod iron, rod iron is heated to into 1190 DEG C and is incubated 2~4 hours, start forging;
(4) spread out after rod iron forging and be air cooled to room temperature;
(5) rod iron surface treatment, enters optical processing of driving a vehicle to finished product rod iron surface, eliminate surface defect and make rod iron size, Shape, surface quality meet design requirement.
The alloy composition of the two-phase stainless Steel material of following embodiment 1-4 is as shown in table 1.
The chemical composition (unit is %) of 1 embodiment of table and comparative example
Note:Wherein 316L is commercially available.
The pick test mechanical property on finished product rod iron, sample heat treatment step and technological parameter it is as follows:Solution treatment: 1060 ± 10 DEG C, insulation >=0.5h, water-cooled.Tension test is carried out under room temperature (25 DEG C), as a result as shown in table 2.
Every mechanical performance of 2 embodiment of table
It can be seen that, the two-phase stainless Steel material prepared using above-mentioned material and corresponding process method, the examination of Jing normal temperature mechanical properties Test, as a result show its excellent in mechanical performance, and be far above comparative example 1 and commercially available 316L, the mechanical performance of embodiment 4 is particularly dashed forward Go out.The core wire prepared using above-mentioned formula, its every mechanical performance Jing test are same as described above, use it for gas washing in SA production In equipment and urea synthesis equipment, compared with common commercially available core wire, its corrosion-resistant time and service life have 2-3 times of increasing Plus.
The above, the only specific embodiment of the present invention, but protection scope of the present invention is not limited thereto, any The change or replacement expected without creative work, should all be included within the scope of the present invention.Therefore, it is of the invention The protection domain that protection domain should be limited by claims is defined.

Claims (10)

1. a kind of two-phase stainless Steel material, it is characterised in that composed of the following components by mass percentage:
C≤0.03%,
Cr 24.00~26.00%,
Ni 6.00~7.50%,
Mo 2.50~3.00%,
N 0.14~0.20%,
Surplus is Fe and inevitable impurity.
2. two-phase stainless Steel material according to claim 1, it is characterised in that composed of the following components:
C≤0.02%,
Cr 24.00~25.00%,
Ni 6.00~7.00%,
Mo 2.80-3.00%,
N 0.15~0.20%,
Surplus is Fe and inevitable impurity.
3. two-phase stainless Steel material according to claim 1, it is characterised in that composed of the following components:
C≤0.01%,
Cr 24.00%,
Ni 6.00%,
Mo 3.00%,
N 0.20%,
Surplus is Fe and inevitable impurity.
4. two-phase stainless Steel material according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the impurity is:
Si≤0.80%,
P≤0.020%,
S≤0.010%.
5. the preparation method of the two-phase stainless Steel material any one of claim 1-4, it is characterised in that including following step Suddenly:
(1) melting in non-vacuum induction furnace of required element, 1400~1600 DEG C of smelting temperature are taken;Adjust in fusion process each The content of element so as to which weight ratio meets design requirement, the content for controlling impurity element is as far as possible low, and solution is poured into from power consumption Pole;
(2) by consutrodes in electroslag furnace remelting refining, further reduce impurity element content so as to meet design will Ask, remelting is CaF into ESR ingot, wherein slag system2:Al2O3:CaO:MgO=60:25:10:5 (mass percents), voltage 56V ± 2V;7500 ± 300A of electric current;
(3) ESR ingot heats forged is made into rod iron, rod iron is heated to into 1100-1300 DEG C and is incubated 2~4 hours, start forging;
(4) spread out after rod iron forging and be air cooled to room temperature;
(5) rod iron surface treatment, enters optical processing of driving a vehicle to finished product rod iron surface, eliminate surface defect and make rod iron size, shape, Surface quality meets design requirement.
6. the preparation method described in claim 5, it is characterised in that the smelting temperature is 1530~1550 DEG C.
7. the preparation method described in claim 5, it is characterised in that the temperature of rod iron heating is 1190 DEG C in step (3).
8. application of the two-phase stainless Steel material any one of claim 1-4 in chemical industry equipment core wire is prepared, its Middle core wire is composed of the following components by mass percentage:
C≤0.03%,
Cr 24.00~26.00%,
Ni 6.00~7.50%,
Mo 2.50~3.00%,
N 0.14~0.20%,
Surplus is Fe and inevitable impurity.
9. application according to claim 8, it is characterised in that the core wire is composed of the following components:
C≤0.02%,
Cr 24.00~25.00%,
Ni 6.00~7.00%,
Mo 2.50~2.80%,
N 0.15~0.20%,
Surplus is Fe and inevitable impurity.
10. application according to claim 8, it is characterised in that the core wire is composed of the following components:
C≤0.01%,
Cr 24.00%,
Ni 6.00%,
Mo 3.00%,
N 0.20%,
Surplus is Fe and inevitable impurity.
CN201611049285.3A 2016-11-25 2016-11-25 A kind of two phase stainless steel and its preparation method and application Active CN106521355B (en)

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CN107177790A (en) * 2017-04-19 2017-09-19 广西盛隆冶金有限公司 A kind of sea sand ore deposit and lateritic nickel ore high intensity cold agglomerated pellet preparation method
CN107190197A (en) * 2017-04-19 2017-09-22 广西盛隆冶金有限公司 One kind utilizes vanadium titanium nichrome production corrosion resistance steel production smelting process
CN107254619A (en) * 2017-04-19 2017-10-17 广西盛隆冶金有限公司 A kind of method that sea sand ore deposit and lateritic nickel ore grandidierite obtain the nichrome of titanium containing vanadium
CN107254620A (en) * 2017-04-19 2017-10-17 广西盛隆冶金有限公司 One kind is using sea sand ore deposit and lateritic nickel ore production vanadium titanium nichrome technique
CN107475527A (en) * 2017-07-27 2017-12-15 洛阳双瑞特种装备有限公司 A kind of high efficient thermoforming process of Mo austenitic stainless steels
CN107598171A (en) * 2017-08-16 2018-01-19 北京科技大学 A kind of desalinization conduit coupling high nitrogen biphase stainless steel near-net-shape method
CN107988556A (en) * 2017-11-30 2018-05-04 振石集团东方特钢有限公司 A kind of new stanniferous two phase stainless steel
CN110014248A (en) * 2019-05-15 2019-07-16 丹阳市华龙特钢有限公司 A kind of preparation method of Ni-based high-temperature-resistant and anti-corrosion welding wire
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CN113293335A (en) * 2021-07-27 2021-08-24 科华控股股份有限公司 Low-nickel precipitation hardening austenitic heat-resistant steel material and application thereof
CN113957321A (en) * 2021-10-14 2022-01-21 中天钢铁集团有限公司 Non-quenched and tempered steel for transmission shaft and preparation method of forging of non-quenched and tempered steel

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN107190197A (en) * 2017-04-19 2017-09-22 广西盛隆冶金有限公司 One kind utilizes vanadium titanium nichrome production corrosion resistance steel production smelting process
CN107254619A (en) * 2017-04-19 2017-10-17 广西盛隆冶金有限公司 A kind of method that sea sand ore deposit and lateritic nickel ore grandidierite obtain the nichrome of titanium containing vanadium
CN107254620A (en) * 2017-04-19 2017-10-17 广西盛隆冶金有限公司 One kind is using sea sand ore deposit and lateritic nickel ore production vanadium titanium nichrome technique
CN107177790A (en) * 2017-04-19 2017-09-19 广西盛隆冶金有限公司 A kind of sea sand ore deposit and lateritic nickel ore high intensity cold agglomerated pellet preparation method
CN107475527A (en) * 2017-07-27 2017-12-15 洛阳双瑞特种装备有限公司 A kind of high efficient thermoforming process of Mo austenitic stainless steels
CN107598171B (en) * 2017-08-16 2019-04-12 北京科技大学 A kind of sea water desalination conduit coupling high nitrogen biphase stainless steel near-net-shape method
CN107598171A (en) * 2017-08-16 2018-01-19 北京科技大学 A kind of desalinization conduit coupling high nitrogen biphase stainless steel near-net-shape method
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