CN104152818A - Duplex stainless steel and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
Duplex stainless steel and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- 229910001039 duplex stainless steel Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 62
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 12
- 230000007797 corrosion Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 30
- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 30
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 229910052720 vanadium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 229910052698 phosphorus Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 229910052717 sulfur Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 3
- PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N nickel Substances [Ni] PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 24
- 239000011651 chromium Substances 0.000 claims description 19
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 16
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 claims description 16
- 238000005266 casting Methods 0.000 claims description 15
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 14
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 14
- 238000005096 rolling process Methods 0.000 claims description 14
- 229910000604 Ferrochrome Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 12
- 229910052804 chromium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 12
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 claims description 11
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 claims description 11
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 claims description 11
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 10
- 238000005242 forging Methods 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 229910052750 molybdenum Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
- 229910052748 manganese Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 8
- 229910000628 Ferrovanadium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
- ZOKXTWBITQBERF-UHFFFAOYSA-N Molybdenum Chemical compound [Mo] ZOKXTWBITQBERF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910008455 Si—Ca Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
- PNXOJQQRXBVKEX-UHFFFAOYSA-N iron vanadium Chemical compound [V].[Fe] PNXOJQQRXBVKEX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000011733 molybdenum Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910052759 nickel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000005098 hot rolling Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- LEONUFNNVUYDNQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N vanadium atom Chemical compound [V] LEONUFNNVUYDNQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910052791 calcium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910001566 austenite Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 25
- 229910000851 Alloy steel Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 2
- 239000010963 304 stainless steel Substances 0.000 abstract 1
- 229910000589 SAE 304 stainless steel Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000011572 manganese Substances 0.000 description 18
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 18
- 229910001220 stainless steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 17
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 10
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 10
- 229910000859 α-Fe Inorganic materials 0.000 description 9
- 229910000963 austenitic stainless steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 8
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 8
- 239000006104 solid solution Substances 0.000 description 7
- FAPWRFPIFSIZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium chloride Chemical compound [Na+].[Cl-] FAPWRFPIFSIZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 6
- 238000010791 quenching Methods 0.000 description 6
- 230000000171 quenching effect Effects 0.000 description 6
- VYZAMTAEIAYCRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Chromium Chemical compound [Cr] VYZAMTAEIAYCRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 4
- 239000011575 calcium Substances 0.000 description 4
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 4
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- PWHULOQIROXLJO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Manganese Chemical compound [Mn] PWHULOQIROXLJO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000011056 performance test Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000011780 sodium chloride Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000010935 stainless steel Substances 0.000 description 3
- VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-M Chloride anion Chemical compound [Cl-] VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 2
- 230000032683 aging Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000005275 alloying Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000005336 cracking Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 150000004767 nitrides Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000005482 strain hardening Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000035882 stress Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000003466 welding Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229920001131 Pulp (paper) Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 238000003723 Smelting Methods 0.000 description 1
- NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfur Chemical compound [S] NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000005864 Sulphur Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004458 analytical method Methods 0.000 description 1
- CXOWYMLTGOFURZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N azanylidynechromium Chemical compound [Cr]#N CXOWYMLTGOFURZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- JGIATAMCQXIDNZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N calcium sulfide Chemical compound [Ca]=S JGIATAMCQXIDNZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000004364 calculation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001311 chemical methods and process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- UFGZSIPAQKLCGR-UHFFFAOYSA-N chromium carbide Chemical compound [Cr]#C[Cr]C#[Cr] UFGZSIPAQKLCGR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000013078 crystal Substances 0.000 description 1
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- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000003754 machining Methods 0.000 description 1
- WPBNNNQJVZRUHP-UHFFFAOYSA-L manganese(2+);methyl n-[[2-(methoxycarbonylcarbamothioylamino)phenyl]carbamothioyl]carbamate;n-[2-(sulfidocarbothioylamino)ethyl]carbamodithioate Chemical compound [Mn+2].[S-]C(=S)NCCNC([S-])=S.COC(=O)NC(=S)NC1=CC=CC=C1NC(=S)NC(=O)OC WPBNNNQJVZRUHP-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 229910000734 martensite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229920001296 polysiloxane Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 238000007493 shaping process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003381 stabilizer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910001256 stainless steel alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000009628 steelmaking Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910003470 tongbaite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
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Abstract
The invention discloses a duplex stainless steel and a preparation method thereof, and belongs to the technical field of steel alloy materials. The duplex stainless steel comprises the following components in percentage by weight: 0.01-0.03% of C, 18.5-19.5% of Cr, 3.3-8.3% of Mn, 1.35-1.65% of Ni, 0.1-0.2% of Si, 0.8-1.0% of Mo, 0.14-0.2% of Cu, 0.18-0.22% of N, 0.004-0.008% of V, S not higher than 0.006%, P not higher than 0.006%, and the balance of Fe and impurities. After the solution treatment is performed for the alloy in a temperature range of 1040-1220 DEG C, an obtained austenite volume fraction varies from 40% to 61%, so that the excellent two-phase ratio is obtained, and the high-temperature hot working structure stability is good; the tensile strength of the duplex stainless steel at the room temperature is in a range of 720-950 Mpa; the yielding strength is higher than 480 MPa; the elongation is in a range of 29-51%; the impact toughness at 20 DEG C is within 150-280 J; the spot corrosion potential is higher than 290 mV; and the comprehensive performance of the duplex stainless steel is better than that of a 304 stainless steel.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of duplex stainless steel and preparation method thereof, belong to steel alloy material technical field.
Background technology
Duplex stainless steel refers in its tissue of admittedly quenching that austenite phase and ferritic phase respectively account for half, and the content of wherein looking younger most will surpass 30% steel grade.Correct, control under chemical composition and heat treatment condition, duplex stainless steel (DSS) has ferrite and austenitic stainless steel feature concurrently.The higher-strength that the excellent in toughness that it has austenitic stainless steel and weldability and ferritic stainless steel have and resistance to chloride stress cracking corrodibility combine, and have good mechanics and corrosion resistance nature.
Duplex stainless steel has the feature of austenite and ferritic stainless steel concurrently, plasticity, Toughness Ratio ferrite are higher, and intergranular corrosion resistance performance and welding property are significantly increased, without brittleness at room temperature, the 475 ℃ of fragility and the thermal conductivity that also maintain ferritic stainless steel high simultaneously, has the features such as superplasticity.Compare with austenitic stainless steel, the high and intergranular corrosion resistance of intensity and the corrosion of resistance to chloride stress cracking are significantly improved.Therefore, duplex stainless steel has good mechanics as structured material and corrosion resistance nature is developed rapidly.Oneself is widely used in each industrial circle now, such as paper pulp and papermaking, land and marine oil and gas industry, chemical process industry, transport trade (chemical tanker and tank car), pharmacy and foodstuffs industry and construction industry etc.Mostly be used for manufacturing reaction vessel, various industrial equipmentss and transport pipe etc.In great majority application, duplex stainless steel is considered to have cost-benefit material, filled up common austenitic stainless steel as 316 and high alloy austenitic stainless steel between blank.Conventional austenite equivalent formula is:
Ni
eq=Ni+30(C+N)+0.5Mn+0.25Cu (1)
Ni belongs to scarce resource, and price trend is higher, in order to reduce costs, promotes application and the popularization of duplex stainless steel, need control with cheap manganese or nitrogen content the tissue of duplex stainless steel.The price of the relative Ni of Mn is low 5～10 times.By formula (1), known, can adopt C, N to replace the economical diphase stainless steel that Ni obtains duplex structure's balance.Because increasing ten minutes difficulties of N in duplex stainless steel production smelting process, therefore add under condition at certain N content, by increasing Mn, obtain well behaved duplex stainless steel, to replace the austenite duplex stainless steel that price is relatively high.
After austenitic stainless steel processing, need by solution treatment, carbide and various alloying element fully to be dissolved, reduce lattice imperfection, eliminate work hardening, improve erosion resistance.And certain temperature solution treatment is particularly important for improving duplex stainless steel use properties.The adjustable duplex stainless steel biphase equilibrium of suitable solid solution temperature, work hardening, reduces lattice imperfection, fully dissolves various alloying elements, and σ separates out and carbide mutually.Particularly manganese, molybdenum, nickel, steel that silicone content is high, be only improved solid solubility temperature, and it is fully dissolved, and just can reach bating effect.The effect of manganese stable austenite is similar to nickel.Definite, the effect of manganese does not lie in formation austenite, but is that it reduces the critical quenching rate of steel, increases austenitic stability when cooling, suppresses austenitic decomposition, makes the austenite forming under high temperature be remained to normal temperature.Therefore, under the lower condition of Ni content, need to a certain extent to reduce corresponding ferritic stabilizer Cr, for the nickel-saving type duplex stainless steel for Ni with Mn, if can obtain in wider solid solubility temperature scope the well behaved two-phase tissue of admittedly quenching, significant for the hot workability that improves its practical application.
Comprehensive above analysis is known, for improving the stainless high temperature of duplex stainless steel two-phase structure stability, is suitable for the processed and applied under hot conditions, and the nickel-saving type duplex stainless steel that exploitation has good solid solubility temperature regulation range has significant application value.
Summary of the invention
The object of the present invention is to provide a kind of described duplex stainless steel, the contained chemical composition of described duplex stainless steel and mass percent thereof comprise: C:0.01～0.03 %, Cr:18.5～19.5%, Mn:3.3～8.3%, Ni:1.35～1.65%, Si:0.1～0.2%, Mo:0.8～1.0%, Cu:0.14～0.2%, N:0.18～0.22, V:0.004～0.008%, all the other are Fe and impurity.
Impurity of the present invention is S, P, Ca, and wherein, the mass percentage content that the mass percentage content that the mass percentage content of S is less than or equal to 0.006%, P in duplex stainless steel is less than or equal to 0.006%, Ca is less than or equal to 0.01%.
The preparation method of duplex stainless steel of the present invention, specifically comprises the following steps:
(1) by pure Fe melting in vacuum melting furnace;
(2) after the molten steel fusing in step (1), according to chemical composition mass percent of the present invention, add successively ferrochrome (Cr mass percent is 63%), metallic nickel, metal M n, metal molybdenum, ferro-vanadium (vanadium mass percent is 40%), metallic copper and nitrided ferro-chromium (Cr and N mass percent are respectively 66% and 4%), controlling temperature is 1490～1560 ℃, finally adding Si-Ca(Si mass percent is 65%) deoxidation, holding temperature is 1490～1560 ℃ and starts casting and obtain ingot casting;
(4) ingot casting is incubated to 0.4 ~ 0.6h at 1200 ~ 1250 ℃, is then forged into the pane alloy that 126 ~ 130mm, wide 25 ~ 28mm are thick;
(5) the pane alloy having forged is rolled into the plate that 11 ~ 13mm is thick, after water-cooled is processed, sheet material after rolling is obtained to duplex stainless steel after 1040 ℃～1220 ℃ solution treatment 0.5 ~ 0.7h, mechanics and corrosion resistance nature after the solution treatment of test duplex stainless steel.
Initial forging temperature described in step of the present invention (4) is 1100 ~ 1150 ℃, and final forging temperature is >=950 ℃.
1100 ~ 1160 ℃ of the rolling temperatures of hot rolling described in step of the present invention (5), finishing temperature >=950 ℃.
In joint Ni economical diphase stainless steel design of the present invention:
C is strong austenite former, can replace Ni to a certain extent, can suppress austenite compares, but carbon content is combined with chromium at crystal boundary compared with Gao Shiyi and is formed chromium carbide, improve Susceptibility To Intergranular Corrosion, too low the causing of carbon content smelted difficulty and cost increase, and in steel of the present invention, carbon content control is at 0.01～0.05 %.
Thereby a small amount of Ca can improve the distribution of oxide inclusion and improve machining property, too much Ca easily and sulphur formation calcium sulfide, is unfavorable for corrosion resistance nature.
A small amount of V can form sosoloid with Fe, and at austenite phase region to a certain degree, V easily and C, N, O combination, forms corresponding carbide, nitride and oxide compound, reduces separating out of chromium nitride in welding process and ag(e)ing process, the mechanical property of raising heat affected zone.
Mn has low cost and the effective element of stable austenite, the ability of Mn stable austenite is about half of Ni, therefore be the element at infinity that replaces Ni, the reason that Mn affects pitting corrosion is in the formation being mingled with MnS, must in steel-making, control the content of S, to obtain the two-phase structure of good corrosion resistance.
Cr is ferrite former, again in stainless steel, to obtain the most important element of solidity to corrosion, for duplex stainless steel, when chromium content is too low, easily form martensitic phase, unfavorable to mechanics and corrosion resistance nature, and easily when high-temperature aging, separate out σ fragility phase when too high, therefore chromium content of the present invention is controlled at 18.2～19.5%.
Mo can effectively improve the pitting resistance of steel, and its equivalent of resistance to spot corrosion is 3 times of chromium, for guaranteeing the good solidity to corrosion of duplex stainless steel, in the present invention, Mo content is controlled at more than 6%; And Mo too high levels can participate in separating out of σ fragility phase in high-temperature aging, therefore the upper limit of Mo content is controlled at 1.2% in the present invention.
N is very effective austenite former in two-phase duplex stainless steel, in austenite equivalent calculation formula (1), the austenitic formation ability of nitrogen is 30 times of nickel, but nitride forms while having increased high temperature hot-work risk that nitrogen content is too high, can reduce toughness and the solidity to corrosion of material, nitrogen content improves and also will increase melting and hot-work difficulty simultaneously, therefore the Control of Nitrogen Content in the present invention is 0.18～0.22%.
Si plays the effect of deoxidation and stable ferritic phase, can reduce the impelling strength of duplex stainless steel when Si content is too much, and therefore, the content of Si is controlled at 0.1～0.3%.
Cu adds the ability that a certain amount of copper can improve atmospheric corrosion resistance in duplex stainless steel, can increase the intensity of steel and the cold machine-shaping of raising steel simultaneously, but the too high thermoplasticity that can reduce austenitic stainless steel of copper, thereby affect the hot workability of steel, therefore the content of copper can be controlled in 0.1～0.2%.
Beneficial effect of the present invention is:
(1) the present invention obtains double phase stainless steel alloy Ni, Mo content are low, and chromium content is lower, has reasonable economy;
(2) after 1040 ℃～1220 ℃ scope solution treatment, can keep good two-phase proportion, austenite content changes 40～61%, and 20 ℃ of impelling strength of different Mn content materials are greater than between 150～280J, have good processing characteristics, mechanical property and corrosion resistance nature;
(3) tensile strength under room temperature is greater than 720Mpa, and yield strength is higher than 485MPa, and unit elongation is greater than 29%;
(4) mechanical property of duplex stainless steel of the present invention is apparently higher than 304 austenitic stainless steels, corrosion resistance nature is suitable with 304 stainless steels, be suitable for the processed and applied under hot conditions, can be used as widely used 304 and the equivalent material of the austenitic stainless steel such as 316L.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is different solid solubility temperature metallographic structures in embodiment 1;
Fig. 2 is different solid solubility temperature metallographic structures in embodiment 2;
Fig. 3 is different solid solubility temperature metallographic structures in embodiment 3;
Fig. 4 is impelling strength under the different solid solubility temperature conditions of the different Mn content of the present invention.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with the drawings and specific embodiments, content of the present invention is elaborated, but protection scope of the present invention is not limited to described content.
Embodiment 1
Described in the present embodiment, two-phase stainless composition of steel is as shown in table 1.In table, comparative example is a kind of business 304 stainless steels, 1040 ℃ of solid solutions 30 minutes, carries out tensile mechanical properties and resistance to pitting attack performance test after quenching.
The preparation method of duplex stainless steel described in the present embodiment, specifically comprises the following steps:
(1) by pure Fe melting in vacuum melting furnace;
(2) after the molten steel fusing in step (1), according to the chemical composition mass percent of the present embodiment, add successively ferrochrome (Cr mass percent is 63%) 6.42kg, metallic nickel 0.38kg, metal M n 0.9kg, metal molybdenum 0.24kg, ferro-vanadium (vanadium mass percent is 40%) 0.002kg, metallic copper 0.035kg and nitrided ferro-chromium (Cr and N mass percent are respectively 66% and 4%) 1.39kg, controlling temperature is 1525 ℃, finally adding Si-Ca(Si mass percent is 65%) 0.058kg deoxidation, holding temperature is 1490 ℃ and starts casting and obtain ingot casting,
(4) ingot casting is incubated to 0.5h at 1225 ℃, is then forged into the pane alloy that 126mm is wide, 25mm is thick;
(5) the pane alloy having forged is rolled into the plate that 12mm is thick, after water-cooled is processed, sheet material after rolling is obtained to duplex stainless steel respectively after 1040 ℃, 1130 ℃ and 1220 ℃ of solution treatment 0.5h, mechanics and corrosion resistance nature after the solution treatment of test duplex stainless steel.
Initial forging temperature described in the present embodiment step (4) is 1100 ℃, and final forging temperature is 950 ℃.
1110 ℃ of the rolling temperatures of hot rolling described in the present embodiment step (5), 950 ℃ of finishing temperatures.
The present embodiment prepares duplex stainless steel metallograph as shown in (a) in Fig. 1 ~ (c), corresponding solid solution temperature is respectively 1040 ℃, 1130 ℃ and 1220 ℃, in composition, Mn content is 3.6%Mn, white is organized as austenite, the more black ferrite that is organized as, has obtained the equally distributed tissue of austenite ferrite two-phase as seen from the figure, and austenite volume fraction raises with solid solubility temperature and reduces to some extent, its content drops to 40.1% by 54.1%, and two-phase proportion is good.
The mechanical property of the duplex stainless steel that the present embodiment prepares and corrosion resistance nature are in Table R in 2(table
p0.2represent Proof strength of non-proportional, Rm represents tensile strength, and A represents elongation after fracture), impelling strength is shown in Fig. 4, after can finding out solution treatment by table 2 and Fig. 4, sample tensile strength, higher than 750MPa, reduces compared with rolling state, and yield strength is higher than 530MPa, apparently higher than 304 stainless steels, unit elongation improves compared with rolling state, higher than 38%, in 3.5% NaCl solution the pitting potential of surveying higher than 315mV, be better than 304 stainless steels, corrosion resistance and good.20 ℃ of impelling strength are in 150～260J scope, and impelling strength is good.
Embodiment 2
Described in the present embodiment, two-phase stainless composition of steel is as shown in table 1.In table, comparative example is a kind of business 304 stainless steels, 1040 ℃ of solid solutions 30 minutes, carries out tensile mechanical properties and resistance to pitting attack performance test after quenching.
The preparation method of duplex stainless steel described in the present embodiment, specifically comprises the following steps:
(1) by pure Fe melting in vacuum melting furnace;
(2) after the molten steel fusing in step (1), according to the chemical composition mass percent of the present embodiment, add successively ferrochrome (Cr mass percent is 63%) 5.75kg, metallic nickel 0.42kg, metal M n 1.39kg, metal molybdenum 0.23kg, ferro-vanadium (vanadium mass percent is 40%) 0.0037kg, metallic copper 0.043kg and nitrided ferro-chromium (Cr and N mass percent are respectively 66% and 4%) 1.25kg, controlling temperature is 1560 ℃, finally adding Si-Ca(Si mass percent is 65%) 0.039kg deoxidation, holding temperature is 1525 ℃ and starts casting and obtain ingot casting,
(4) ingot casting is incubated to 0.4h at 1200 ℃, is then forged into the pane alloy that 130mm is wide, 26.5mm is thick;
(5) the pane alloy having forged is rolled into the plate that 11mm is thick, after water-cooled is processed, sheet material after rolling is obtained to duplex stainless steel respectively after 1040 ℃, 1130 ℃ and 1220 ℃ of solution treatment 0.6h, mechanics and corrosion resistance nature after the solution treatment of test duplex stainless steel.
Initial forging temperature described in the present embodiment step (4) is 1150 ℃, and final forging temperature is 1000 ℃.
1130 ℃ of the rolling temperatures of hot rolling described in the present embodiment step (5), 1000 ℃ of finishing temperatures.
The present embodiment prepares duplex stainless steel metallograph as shown in (d) in Fig. 2 ~ (f), corresponding solid solution temperature is respectively 1040 ℃, 1130 ℃ and 1220 ℃, in composition, Mn content is 5.5%Mn, and white is organized as austenite, the more black ferrite that is organized as.Obtained as seen from the figure the equally distributed tissue of austenite ferrite two-phase, austenite volume fraction raises with solid solubility temperature and reduces to some extent, and its content drops to 42.3% by 58.9%, and two-phase proportion is good.
The mechanical property of the duplex stainless steel that the present embodiment prepares and corrosion resistance nature are in Table R in 2(table
p0.2represent Proof strength of non-proportional, Rm represents tensile strength, and A represents elongation after fracture), impelling strength is shown in Fig. 4, after can finding out solution treatment by table 2 and Fig. 4, sample tensile strength is higher than 715MPa, and close to rolling state, yield strength is higher than 485MPa, apparently higher than 304 stainless steels, unit elongation is all better, higher than 40%, in 3.5% NaCl solution the pitting potential of surveying higher than 305mV, be better than 304 stainless steels, corrosion resistance nature is better.20 ℃ of impelling strength are in 180～260J scope, and impelling strength is good.
Embodiment 3
Described in the present embodiment, two-phase stainless composition of steel is as shown in table 1.In table, comparative example is a kind of business 304 stainless steels, 1040 ℃ of solid solutions 30 minutes, carries out tensile mechanical properties and resistance to pitting attack performance test after quenching.
The preparation method of duplex stainless steel described in the present embodiment, specifically comprises the following steps:
(1) by pure Fe melting in vacuum melting furnace;
(2) after the molten steel fusing in step (1), according to the chemical composition mass percent of the present embodiment, add successively ferrochrome (Cr mass percent is 63%) 6.38kg, metallic nickel 0.34kg, metal M n 2.02kg, metal molybdenum 0.2kg, ferro-vanadium (vanadium mass percent is 40%) 0.005kg, metallic copper 0.051kg and nitrided ferro-chromium (Cr and N mass percent are respectively 66% and 4%) 1.13kg, controlling temperature is 1525 ℃, finally adding Si-Ca(Si mass percent is 65%) 0.077kg deoxidation, holding temperature is 1500 ℃ and starts casting and obtain ingot casting,
(4) ingot casting is incubated to 0.6h at 1250 ℃, is then forged into the pane alloy that 128mm is wide, 28mm is thick;
(5) the pane alloy having forged is rolled into the plate that 13mm is thick, after water-cooled is processed, sheet material after rolling is obtained to duplex stainless steel respectively after 1040 ℃, 1130 ℃ and 1220 ℃ of solution treatment 0.7h, mechanics and corrosion resistance nature after the solution treatment of test duplex stainless steel.
Initial forging temperature described in the present embodiment step (4) is 1125 ℃, and final forging temperature is 1050 ℃.
1160 ℃ of the rolling temperatures of hot rolling described in the present embodiment step (5), 1050 ℃ of finishing temperatures.
The present embodiment prepares duplex stainless steel metallograph as shown in (g) in Fig. 3 ~ (i), corresponding solid solution temperature is respectively 1040 ℃, 1130 ℃ and 1220 ℃, in composition, Mn content is 8.1%Mn, and white is organized as austenite, the more black ferrite that is organized as.Obtained as seen from the figure the equally distributed tissue of austenite ferrite two-phase, austenite volume fraction raises with solid solubility temperature and reduces to some extent, and its content drops to 45.8% by 60.9%, and two-phase proportion is good.
The mechanical property of the duplex stainless steel that the present embodiment prepares and corrosion resistance nature are in Table R in 2(table
p0.2represent Proof strength of non-proportional, Rm represents tensile strength, and A represents elongation after fracture), impelling strength is shown in Fig. 4, by table 2 and Fig. 4, can find out solution treatment after sample tensile strength higher than 745MPa, close to rolling state, yield strength is higher than 525MPa, apparently higher than 304 stainless steels, unit elongation is higher than 29%, in 3.5% NaCl solution the pitting potential of surveying higher than 295mV, be better than 304 stainless steels, corrosion resistance nature is better, and 20 ℃ of impelling strength are in 180～280J scope, and impelling strength is good.
The one-tenth of the chemistry of duplex stainless steel described in table 1 embodiment 1 ~ 3 (mass percent, %)
Mechanical property and corrosion resistance nature after duplex stainless steel solution treatment in table 2 embodiment 1 ~ 3
Claims (6)
1. a duplex stainless steel, it is characterized in that, the contained chemical composition of described duplex stainless steel and mass percent thereof comprise: C:0.01～0.03 %, Cr:18.5～19.5%, Mn:3.3～8.3%, Ni:1.35～1.65%, Si:0.1～0.2%, Mo:0.8～1.0%, Cu:0.14～0.2%, N:0.18～0.22, V:0.004～0.008%, all the other are Fe and impurity.
2. duplex stainless steel according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: described impurity is S, P, Ca, wherein, in duplex stainless steel, the mass percentage content of S is less than or equal to 0.006%, the mass percentage content that the mass percentage content of P is less than or equal to 0.006%, Ca is less than or equal to 0.01%.
3. the preparation method of duplex stainless steel claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that, specifically comprises the following steps:
(1) by pure Fe melting in vacuum melting furnace;
(2) after the molten steel fusing in step (1), according to chemical composition mass percent of the present invention, add successively ferrochrome, metallic nickel, metal M n, metal molybdenum, ferro-vanadium, metallic copper and nitrided ferro-chromium, controlling temperature is 1490～1560 ℃, finally add Si-Ca deoxidation, holding temperature is 1490～1560 ℃ and starts casting and obtain ingot casting;
(4) ingot casting is incubated to 0.4 ~ 0.6h at 1200 ~ 1250 ℃, is then forged into the pane alloy that 126 ~ 130mm, wide 25 ~ 28mm are thick;
(5) the pane alloy having forged is rolled into the plate that 11 ~ 13mm is thick, after water-cooled is processed, sheet material after rolling is obtained to duplex stainless steel after 1040 ℃～1220 ℃ solution treatment 0.5 ~ 0.7h, mechanics and corrosion resistance nature after the solution treatment of test duplex stainless steel.
4. the preparation method of duplex stainless steel according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: in described ferrochrome, Cr mass percent is 63%, in ferro-vanadium, vanadium mass percent is 40%, in nitrided ferro-chromium Cr and N mass percent be respectively 66% and 4%, Si-Ca in Si mass percent be 65%.
5. the preparation method of duplex stainless steel according to claim 1, is characterized in that, the initial forging temperature described in step (4) is 1100 ~ 1150 ℃, and final forging temperature is >=950 ℃.
6. the preparation method of duplex stainless steel according to claim 1, is characterized in that, 1100 ~ 1160 ℃ of the rolling temperatures of hot rolling described in step (5), finishing temperature >=950 ℃.
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| CN107974542B (en) * | 2017-10-24 | 2019-07-16 | 昆明理工大学 | A kind of grain refining preparation method of nickel-saving type two phase stainless steel |
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| CN111570690A (en) * | 2020-05-06 | 2020-08-25 | 江阴市劲松科技有限公司 | Manufacturing method for forging and forming crack prevention of duplex stainless steel F53 |
| CN114346142A (en) * | 2022-01-18 | 2022-04-15 | 山西太钢不锈钢股份有限公司 | Forging method for improving low-temperature impact toughness of S32750 super duplex stainless steel round steel |
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