CN106493379B - A kind of 3D printing powder Preparation equipment and its application method - Google Patents
A kind of 3D printing powder Preparation equipment and its application method Download PDFInfo
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- CN106493379B CN106493379B CN201611141279.0A CN201611141279A CN106493379B CN 106493379 B CN106493379 B CN 106493379B CN 201611141279 A CN201611141279 A CN 201611141279A CN 106493379 B CN106493379 B CN 106493379B
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- powder
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F9/00—Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof
- B22F9/02—Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof using physical processes
- B22F9/14—Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof using physical processes using electric discharge
Abstract
A kind of 3D printing powder Preparation equipment, including feeding mechanism, wind pushing mechanism, airduct, high-voltage generator, reaction chamber, 3D printing powder collector and temperature control system, the reaction chamber is vertical type class flat shape quadrilateral structure, the reaction chamber includes left side cavity wall, right side cavity wall, top chamber wall and bottom chamber wall, the left side cavity wall and the right side cavity wall are to being vertically arranged, and the top chamber wall and the bottom chamber wall are to angularly disposed；The feeding mechanism connects setting with the left side cavity wall；The high-voltage generator is stretched into inside the reaction chamber through the top chamber wall；The wind pushing mechanism connects setting by the airduct with the reaction chamber；The 3D printing powder collector connects setting with the right side cavity wall；The temperature control system is located at the top of the reaction chamber, for adjusting the temperature of cooling wind.Metal dust sphericity that the present invention prepares is high, composition is uniform, oxygen content is low, and the excellent dispersiveness of metal dust and transporting are suitable to 3D printer use.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to 3D printer raw material technical field, and in particular to a kind of 3D printing powder Preparation equipment and its user
Method.
Background technology
3D printing technique turns into one of emerging technology most paid close attention in the whole world at present.This new mode of production and other
Digitalisation Manufacture Mode will promote the realization of the third time industrial revolution together.Restrict 3D printing technique develop rapidly it is wherein one big
Bottleneck is printed material, particularly metallic print material.Research and development and the metal material that production performance is more preferable and versatility is stronger are
Lift the key of 3D printing technique.Directly 3D printing technique manufacture view is used in high-performance metal component, it is necessary to which particle diameter is thin, grain
Footpath is uniform, high sphericity, all kinds of metal dusts of low oxygen content.Metal dust high-end at present relies primarily on import.It is and external
Raw material and equipment are often bundled high price sales volume by manufacturer, greatly constrain the development of the metal 3D printing technique in China.
At present, the method for 3D printing dusty material mainly have mechanical milling method, self-propagating high-temperature synthesis, atomization, also
Former method, electrolysis, rotary electrode method, chemical vapour deposition technique etc., and the metal dust of gas atomization production has good sphericity,
The features such as size distribution is controllable, and production efficiency is high, and cost is low, and as the main production method of 3D printing metal dust.But
Gas atomization cost is high, and energy consumption is big, and some key components and parts (such as shower nozzle) are also monopolized by foreign countries for a long time.Material prepared by water fog method
Then purity is inadequate for material.Therefore, it is domestic at present without spherical metal powder body Preparation equipment and powder consumptive material needed for ripe 3D printing.
In the market is badly in need of a kind of 3D printing metal dust manufacturing equipment, to meet high quality of the 3D printing to metal dust
It is required that.
The content of the invention
Exploding wires method is in certain medium or vacuum, applies high voltage transient to silk conductor and produces powerful pulse
Electric current, make fusing in a conductor short time, gasification, expansion, explode.Its explosion product is high in the presence of explosion wave
Speed is sputtered to surrounding, and nanometer powder is formed after cooling.Discharge-induced explosion wire has equipment as one of metal-powder preparation method
The characteristics of small volume, energy consumption is low, and yield is big.In terms of 3D printing powder is prepared, there is preferable application prospect.
The defects of in order to overcome prior art, it is an object of the invention to provide a kind of 3D printing powder Preparation equipment, prepares
The metal dust sphericity that goes out is high, composition is uniform, oxygen content is low, and the excellent dispersiveness of metal dust and transporting are suitable to 3D printing
Machine is used.Meanwhile present invention also offers the application method of 3D printing powder Preparation equipment.
What the present invention was realized in：
A kind of 3D printing powder Preparation equipment, including feeding mechanism, wind pushing mechanism, airduct, high-voltage generator, reaction chamber,
3D printing powder collector and temperature control system,
The reaction chamber is vertical type class flat shape quadrilateral structure, and the reaction chamber includes left side cavity wall, right side cavity wall, top
Portion's cavity wall and bottom chamber wall, the left side cavity wall and the right side cavity wall are to being vertically arranged, the top chamber wall and the bottom
Portion's cavity wall is to angularly disposed；
The feeding mechanism connects setting with the left side cavity wall；
The high-voltage generator is stretched into inside the reaction chamber through the top chamber wall；
The wind pushing mechanism connects setting by the airduct with the reaction chamber；
The 3D printing powder collector connects setting with the right side cavity wall；
The temperature control system is located at the top of the reaction chamber, for adjusting the temperature of cooling wind.
Preferably, in addition to residue collector, the residue collector are located at the bottom chamber wall and the right side cavity wall
The position of intersection, it is easy to residue and bulky grain metal powder to fall into the residue collector.
Preferably, the wind pushing mechanism includes air outlet, and the air outlet is located inside the reaction chamber, the high pressure
Generating apparatus includes electrode, and the air outlet is set with the electrode face, for molten drop caused by cooling down at electrode.
Preferably, in addition to cyclone collector, the cyclone collector are located at the right side of the right side cavity wall, the whirlwind
Collector is connected by the airduct with the 3D printing powder collector.
Preferably, the temperature control system includes water cooler, and the water cooler is used to carry out heat exchange with cooling gas
To control the temperature of cooling gas.
Preferably, the reaction chamber includes liner, and the inner lining material is polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE).
According to another aspect of the present invention, a kind of method using above-mentioned 3D printing powder Preparation equipment, comprises the following steps：
S1：Charging：Wire stretches charging in feeding mechanism,
S2：Aerosolization：Wire aerosolization under high voltage caused by high pressure generator in the reactor chamber, forms small liquid
Drop,
S3：Condensation and 3D printing powder are collected：Drop condenses after running into the cooling gas that wind pushing mechanism is blown above reaction chamber
Micron-size spherical metallic particles is formed, residue and bulky grain are fallen into the residue collector of reaction chamber bottom, spherical metallic particles
Down it is collected with air-flow into 3D printing powder collector,
S4：Nano powder is collected：After the cooling air-flow of carrying part nanoscale powder comes out from 3D printing powder collector, enter
In cyclone collector, the collection of nanoscale powder is carried out,
S5：Cooling：Gas out, temperature adjustment is carried out into temperature control system from cyclone collector,
S6：Air-supply：Gas after cooling reenters reaction chamber through wind pushing mechanism, carries out next circulation.
Preferably, the particle diameter of the 3D printing powder is 10-50 μm.
Preferably, the operating temperature of the temperature control system regulation is at least 15 degrees Celsius.
Preferably, the operating voltage of the high pressure generator is less than 25KV.
Compared with prior art, the invention has the advantages that：
(1) the electric atomization metal silk of the present invention, capacity usage ratio is big, and cost is low；
(2) shield inert gas metal is used, powder can avoid metal dust in manufacturing process from being oxidized from oxidation
The defects of appearance；
(3) in the present invention, the setting of reaction chamber side wall oblique structure, the collection of residue is facilitated, while be also oriented to and carry
The cooling gas of metal powder enters the collection that 3D printing powder collector carries out powder；
(4) reaction chamber liner uses polytetrafluoroethylmaterial material, avoids the reactor wall of metal material under high pressure by gas
Change forms metallic vapour, causes the pollution to metal nano powder；
(5) spherical metal powder prepared by this method, particle diameter are in 10-50 μm, have good mobility and high-purity,
It is suitable as metal 3D printing consumptive material.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is 3D printing powder Preparation equipment schematic diagram.
Mark in accompanying drawing is as follows：
1- feeding mechanisms, 2- wind pushing mechanisms, 21- air outlets, 22- blower fans, 3- temperature control systems, 4- high-voltage generators, 41-
Electrode, 5- reaction chambers, 51- left sides cavity wall, 52- right sides cavity wall, 53- top chamber walls, 54- bottom chamber walls, 6- airducts, 7- whirlwind are received
Storage, the air inlets of 71- second, 72- nano powder Material collecting box for harvesting, the air outlets of 73- second, 8-3D printing powder collectors, the air inlets of 81- first
Mouthful, the air outlets of 82- first, 9- residue collectors.
Embodiment
Describe exemplary embodiment, feature and the aspect of the present invention in detail below with reference to accompanying drawing.Identical is attached in accompanying drawing
Icon note represents the same or analogous part of function.Although the various aspects of embodiment are shown in the drawings, unless special
Do not point out, it is not necessary to accompanying drawing drawn to scale.
For a person skilled in the art, it should be apparent that " forward and backward, upper and lower, left and right " for being referred in the application etc.
Direction word is merely to the present invention can more intuitively be explained, therefore above-mentioned direction word in the text is not formed to this
The limitation of the protection domain of invention.
As shown in figure 1, a kind of 3D printing powder Preparation equipment, including feeding mechanism 1, wind pushing mechanism 2, airduct 6, high pressure occur
Device 4, reaction chamber 5,3D printing powder collector 8, temperature control system 3, cyclone collector 7 and residue collector 9.Feeding mechanism 1 with
The connection of left side cavity wall 51 is set.High-voltage generator 4 is stretched into inside reaction chamber 5 through top chamber wall 53.Wind pushing mechanism 2 passes through wind
Pipe 6 connects setting with reaction chamber 5.3D printing powder collector 8 connects setting with right side cavity wall 52.Temperature control system 3 is located at reaction chamber 5
Top, for adjust cooling wind temperature.Residue collector 9 is located at the position that bottom chamber wall 54 and right side cavity wall 52 are intersected,
It is easy to residue and bulky grain metal powder to fall into residue collector 9.Cyclone collector 7 is located at the right side of right side cavity wall 52, and whirlwind is received
Storage 7 is connected by airduct 6 with 3D printing powder collector 8.Pass through the electric atomization metal of 3D printing powder Preparation equipment of the present invention
Silk, capacity usage ratio is big, and cost is low.Meanwhile it can avoid manufacturing from oxidation using shield inert gas metal, powder
The appearance for the defects of metal dust is oxidized in journey
As shown in figure 1, feeding mechanism 1 is connected with the left side cavity wall of reaction chamber 5, feeding mechanism is by wire or sheet metal
It is sent into reaction chamber 5 near electrode 41, realizes that electrode 41 discharges by high-voltage generator 4, make wire or sheet metal high
Piezoelectricity aerosolization, form molten drop.Feeding mechanism 1 can be the device commonly used in discharge-induced explosion field.
As shown in figure 1, wind pushing mechanism 2 includes air outlet 21 and blower fan 22.It is preferred that wind pushing mechanism 2 is located at the He of feeding mechanism 1
High-voltage generator centre position, to reduce the space of hold facility.Also wind pushing mechanism can be arranged on other positions, by adding
The long grade of airduct 6 realizes the air-supply to reaction chamber 5.Wind is sent into reaction chamber 5 by blower fan 22 by airduct 6 through air outlet 21, is realized
Cooling and carrying wind to atomization metal drop are sent and collected.It is preferred that air outlet 21 is located inside reaction chamber 5, air outlet 21 and electricity
Pole 41 face is set, for molten drop caused by cooling down at electrode.
As shown in figure 1, the connection of airduct 6 is arranged in whole Preparation equipment, wind pushing mechanism is realized through airduct 6 and blown, then will
Warp let-off 3D printing powder collector 8 and cyclone collector 7, the gas after solid and gas separation are sent the air-flow of carrying metal powder through airduct successively
Temperature adjustment is carried out to temperature control system 3, then the air-supply of a new circulation is carried out through wind pushing mechanism 2.
As shown in figure 1, high-voltage generator 4 includes electrode 41.High-voltage generator 4 passes through top chamber wall 53, makes electrode
41 are located in reaction chamber 5, and the wire or sheet metal for being easy to carry out feeding mechanism feeding are electrically atomized.
As shown in figure 1, reaction chamber 5 is vertical type class flat shape quadrilateral structure.Reaction chamber 5 includes left side cavity wall 51, right side
Cavity wall 52, top chamber wall 53 and bottom chamber wall 54.Left side cavity wall 51 and right side cavity wall 52 are to being vertically arranged, the He of top chamber wall 53
Bottom chamber wall 54 is to angularly disposed.The setting of reaction chamber side wall oblique structure, the collection of residue is facilitated, while be also oriented to and take
Cooling gas with metal powder enters the collection that 3D printing powder collector carries out powder.It is preferred that reaction chamber 5 includes liner, liner material
Expect for polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE), or there is the material of similarity with polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE), avoid the anti-of metal material under high pressure
Answer cavity wall to form metallic vapour by gasifying, cause the pollution to metal nano powder.
As shown in figure 1,3D printing powder collector 8 (does not show including the first air inlet 81, the first air outlet 82 and collecting box
Figure).First air inlet 81 is connected by right side cavity wall 52 with reaction chamber 5, is easy to carry the gas stream of metal powder in reaction chamber
Enter through the first air inlet 81 in the collecting box of 3D printing powder collector 8.First air outlet 82 is connected with airduct 6.Through collecting
After case collects 3D printing powder, the air-flow of nanometre metal powder is carried through the first air outlet 82, is flowed into airduct 6, and enter through airduct 6
Enter in cyclone collector 7.
As shown in figure 1, temperature control system 3 includes water cooler (non-diagram).Water cooler is used to carry out heat with cooling gas
Exchange to control the temperature of cooling gas.Gas after the separation of cyclone collector solid and gas, into temperature control system, passes through water cooling
Device carries out heat exchange with gas, to realize the regulation to cooling gas temperature.Gas after regulation temperature is then again introduced into airduct 6
In.Certainly, the cooler in temperature control system can also be other liquid and the cooler of type, and can realize temperature adjustment
Other devices, meet the requirement of the present invention.
As shown in figure 1, cyclone collector 7 includes the second air inlet 71, the air outlet 73 of nano powder Material collecting box for harvesting 72 and second.Rotation
Wind collector 7 is located at the right side of right side cavity wall 52, and cyclone collector 7 is connected by airduct 6 with 3D printing powder collector 8.Second
Air inlet 71 is connected with airduct 6, and the air-flow for being easy to come from 3D printing powder collector enters in cyclone collector 7.Air-flow is through nanometer
After powder Material collecting box for harvesting 72 collects nano powder, the gas after solid and gas separation is reentered in airduct 6 through the second air outlet 73 again.And through wind
Pipe 6, which enters in temperature control system 4, carries out temperature adjustment.
As shown in figure 1, residue collector 9 includes charging aperture (non-diagram).Residue collector 9 is located at bottom chamber wall 54 and the right side
The position that side chamber wall 52 intersects, is easy to residue and bulky grain metal powder to fall into residue collector by charging aperture, realizes to residual
The recovery of slag, it also avoid influence of the residue to reaction chamber.
According to another aspect of the present invention, a kind of method using above-mentioned 3D printing powder Preparation equipment, comprises the following steps：
S1：Charging：Wire stretches charging in feeding mechanism,
S2：Aerosolization：Wire aerosolization under high voltage caused by high pressure generator in the reactor chamber, forms small liquid
Drop,
S3：Condensation and 3D printing powder are collected：Drop condenses after running into the cooling gas that wind pushing mechanism is blown above reaction chamber
Micron-size spherical metallic particles is formed, the operating voltage of high pressure generator is less than 25KV；Residue and bulky grain fall into reaction chamber bottom
In the residue collector in portion, spherical metallic particles are down collected with air-flow into 3D printing powder collector, 3D printing powder
Particle diameter is 10-50 μm,
S4：Nano powder is collected：After the cooling air-flow of carrying part nanoscale powder comes out from 3D printing powder collector, enter
In cyclone collector, the collection of nanoscale powder is carried out,
S5：Cooling：Gas out, temperature adjustment is carried out into temperature control system from cyclone collector, and temperature control system is adjusted
The operating temperature of section is at least 15 degrees Celsius,
S6：Air-supply：Gas after cooling reenters reaction chamber through wind pushing mechanism, carries out next circulation.
In use, wire, after wire feeder is transported to high pressure generator, aerosolization (based on atomization) forms small
Drop, cold front heavy rain that droplet is blown from above forms micron-size spherical particles, and right particle is down beaten with air-flow into 3D
Powder collector is printed, and residue then enters residue collector；After the collection of 3D printing powder collector, cool down in wind and contain part nanometer
Level powder (wire gasifies to be formed) enters cyclone collector with air-flow, into nano material collection material mouth.Cooling wind then enters
Enter reaction chamber formation by pipeline after being cooled down in temperature control system to circulate next time.
Compared with prior art, the invention has the advantages that：
(1) the electric atomization metal silk of the present invention, capacity usage ratio is big, and cost is low；
(2) shield inert gas metal is used, powder can avoid metal dust in manufacturing process from being oxidized from oxidation
The defects of appearance；
(3) in the present invention, the setting of reaction chamber side wall oblique structure, the collection of residue is facilitated, while be also oriented to and carry
The cooling gas of metal powder enters the collection that 3D printing powder collector carries out powder；
(4) reaction chamber liner uses polytetrafluoroethylmaterial material, avoids the reactor wall of metal material under high pressure by gas
Change forms metallic vapour, causes the pollution to metal nano powder；
(5) spherical metal powder prepared by this method, particle diameter are in 10-50 μm, have good mobility and high-purity,
It is suitable as metal 3D printing consumptive material.
Finally it should be noted that：Above-described embodiments are merely to illustrate the technical scheme, rather than to it
Limitation；Although the present invention is described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, it will be understood by those within the art that：
It can still modify to the technical scheme described in previous embodiment, or which part or all technical characteristic are entered
Row equivalent substitution；And these modifications or substitutions, the essence of appropriate technical solution is departed from various embodiments of the present invention technical side
The scope of case.
Claims (7)
1. a kind of 3D printing powder Preparation equipment, including feeding mechanism, wind pushing mechanism, airduct, high-voltage generator, reaction chamber, 3D
Print powder collector, temperature control system, residue collector and cyclone collector, it is characterised in that：
The reaction chamber is vertical type class parallelogram sturcutre, and the reaction chamber includes left side cavity wall, right side cavity wall, top chamber
Wall and bottom chamber wall, the left side cavity wall and the right side cavity wall are to being vertically arranged, the top chamber wall and the bottom chamber
Wall is to angularly disposed, the reaction chamber includes liner, and the inner lining material is polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE)；
The feeding mechanism connects setting with the left side cavity wall；
The high-voltage generator is stretched into inside the reaction chamber through the top chamber wall；
The wind pushing mechanism connects setting by the airduct with the reaction chamber；
The 3D printing powder collector connects setting with the right side cavity wall；
The temperature control system is located at the top of the reaction chamber, for adjusting the temperature of cooling wind；
The residue collector is located at the position that the bottom chamber wall and the right side cavity wall are intersected, and is easy to residue and bulky grain gold
Category powder falls into the residue collector；
The cyclone collector is located at the right side of the right side cavity wall, and the cyclone collector is beaten by the airduct and the 3D
Print the connection of powder collector.
2. 3D printing powder Preparation equipment according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：The wind pushing mechanism includes air outlet,
The air outlet is located inside the reaction chamber, and the high-voltage generator includes electrode, and the air outlet and the electrode are just
To setting, for molten drop caused by cooling down at electrode.
3. 3D printing powder Preparation equipment according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：The temperature control system includes water cooling
Device, the water cooler are used to carry out heat exchange with cooling gas to control the temperature of cooling gas.
4. a kind of method that usage right requires any one of the 1-3 3D printing powder Preparation equipment, it is characterised in that：Including following
Step：
S1：Charging：Wire stretches charging in feeding mechanism,
S2：Aerosolization：Wire aerosolization under high voltage caused by high pressure generator in the reactor chamber, forms small drop,
S3：Condensation and 3D printing powder are collected：Drop condenses formation after running into the cooling gas that wind pushing mechanism is blown above reaction chamber
Micron-size spherical metallic particles, residue and bulky grain are fallen into the residue collector of reaction chamber bottom, and spherical metallic particles are down
It is collected with air-flow into 3D printing powder collector,
S4：Nano powder is collected：After the cooling air-flow of carrying part nanoscale powder comes out from 3D printing powder collector, into whirlwind
In collector, the collection of nanoscale powder is carried out,
S5：Cooling：Gas out, temperature adjustment is carried out into temperature control system from cyclone collector,
S6：Air-supply：Gas after cooling reenters reaction chamber through wind pushing mechanism, carries out next circulation.
5. application method according to claim 4, it is characterised in that：The particle diameter of the 3D printing powder is 10-50 μm.
6. the application method according to claim 4 or 5, it is characterised in that：The operating temperature of temperature control system regulation to
It is 15 degrees Celsius less.
7. application method according to claim 6, it is characterised in that：The operating voltage of the high pressure generator is less than
25KV。
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN107287567B (en) * | 2017-07-11 | 2019-09-27 | 成都天府新区河川科技有限公司 | Droplet ion sputtering technique and hydraulic turbine preparation method |
| CN108161017B (en) * | 2018-01-04 | 2021-03-30 | 广东银纳科技有限公司 | Metal powder for 3D printing and preparation method thereof |
| CN109676148B (en) * | 2019-01-28 | 2023-12-19 | 深圳微纳增材技术有限公司 | Preparation facilities of metal powder for 3D printing |
| CN115026296A (en) * | 2022-06-13 | 2022-09-09 | 广东银纳科技有限公司 | Medical-grade tantalum powder for additive manufacturing and preparation method thereof |
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| CN2439921Y (en) * | 2000-10-28 | 2001-07-25 | 冀清发 | Electric-explosion metal-nanometer-powder preparing apparatus |
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| CN101716683A (en) * | 2009-11-27 | 2010-06-02 | 西安慧维纳米金属材料有限公司 | Equipment and method for producing high-purity nano-metal ultrafine powder |
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| US4435342A (en) * | 1981-11-04 | 1984-03-06 | Wentzell Jospeh M | Methods for producing very fine particle size metal powders |
| CN2439921Y (en) * | 2000-10-28 | 2001-07-25 | 冀清发 | Electric-explosion metal-nanometer-powder preparing apparatus |
| CN101518823A (en) * | 2008-12-11 | 2009-09-02 | 兰州理工大学 | Non-contact segmented metal wire electrical explosion method ultra fine powder preparing device |
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Denomination of invention: 3D printing powder manufacturing device and use method thereof Effective date of registration: 20180601 Granted publication date: 20180227 Pledgee: Guangdong Nanhai Rural Commercial Bank branch branch of Limited by Share Ltd Pledgor: Foshan City Jin new Mstar Technology Ltd Registration number: 2018440000140 |
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