CN109967755A - A kind of spherical shape fine metal powder production system and its method - Google Patents
A kind of spherical shape fine metal powder production system and its method Download PDFInfo
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- CN109967755A CN109967755A CN201910399667.6A CN201910399667A CN109967755A CN 109967755 A CN109967755 A CN 109967755A CN 201910399667 A CN201910399667 A CN 201910399667A CN 109967755 A CN109967755 A CN 109967755A
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F9/00—Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof
- B22F9/02—Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof using physical processes
- B22F9/14—Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof using physical processes using electric discharge
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P10/00—Technologies related to metal processing
- Y02P10/25—Process efficiency
Abstract
The present invention provides a kind of spherical fine metal powder production systems, including vacuum atomizing tower, the plasma torch being mounted on above vacuum atomizing tower, further include feed device, by raw metal using perpendicular to plasma torch middle line direction charging and feed entrance point as the central point of nozzle；Ceramic funnel is set to immediately below the feed entrance point of feed device；Atomizing disk, is installed on the inside of vacuum atomizing tower, and the lower part of ceramic funnel is placed at the feed inlet of the atomizing disk；Powder collecting tank is installed on the bottom of vacuum atomizing tower；Filtering tank is logical to be connected to the lower part of vacuum atomizing tower and the inert gas circulatory system.The present invention provides energy density and the higher heat source of temperature by using transferred-arc plasma arc torch for raw metal atomization, cooperate position and the structure setting feature of ceramic funnel and atomizing disk simultaneously, it solves refractory metal in the prior art to be difficult to melt, be difficult to refine, the technical problem that powder sphericity is not high and partial size is big.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to new material power production fields, and in particular to it is a kind of spherical shape fine metal powder production system and its
Method.
Background technique
Fine metal powder (especially 10 microns or less) is the functional basis with high-tech content and high added value
Powder body material and Material Field one of hot spot product with fastest developing speed are led in chip multilayer ceramic capacitor, surface encapsulation
Wave shielding material, effective catalyst, sinter additives, metal and nonmetallic, high-performance conductive material, are inhaled at PCB circuit board in domain
Conductive coating processing etc., which suffers from, to be widely applied.
Preparation for fine metal powder is it has been reported that many methods, can be divided into gas phase according to the difference of reaction system
Method, liquid phase method and solid phase method.Liquid phase method (also referred to as solution reaction method) is that current experiment room and the synthesis being industrially widely used are high
The method of pure superfine powder, major advantage are accurately to control chemical composition, are easy to add micro effective component, ultrafine particle
Shape and size are relatively easy to control, and also using various purification means in reaction process, but such method is relatively suitable for making
It is standby to form uniform and with high purity Ultrafines for complex oxide body.Solid phase method mainly (is also referred to as crushed using Mechanical Method at present
Method), block is crushed using grinding or air-flow, ultrasonic method, is refined by it, to obtain ultra-fine of different-grain diameter range
Grain.Mechanical Method is at low cost, and yield is big, and shortcoming is that the fineness, purity and form of powder are limited by equipment and technique itself,
Particle that often cannot be very thin and high-purity.Vapor phase method generally refers to flash to gas with gas raw material or by raw material, then leads to
The method for crossing chemical reaction or physical action regeneration ultra-fine grain.It include gas-phase chemical reaction, Laser synthesizing in such methods
Method, discharge-induced explosion method, inert-gas condensation method.It is that product purity is high, dispersibility is good that vapor phase method, which prepares the characteristics of metal ultra-fine particle,
Good, particle diameter narrowly distributing, partial size are small, but are disadvantageous in that yield is small, produce in enormous quantities at high cost.
Plasma is substance existing 4th kind of mode in addition to solid-state, liquid, gaseous state, makes it to gas continuous heating
Ionization forms the high energy gases state being made of ion, electronics and neutral particle and is known as plasma, and what is had is high temperatures
(5000-10000K), high thermal conductivity, high-purity characteristic are widely used in modern industry.
Chinese utility model patent 2016202349628 discloses a kind of plasma atomization preparation increasing material manufacturing high-performance
The device of powder, including vacuum system, vacuum atomizing tower, argon storage tank, plasma generator, roller type metal curled hair delivery system
System, gas powder separator, oscillatory type powder blanking device, powder collection device and gas purification recycling device；
Vacuum system is connected to the side wall of vacuum atomizing tower；Plasma generator is mounted on vacuum atomizing top of tower；Gas powder separation
Device is mounted in vacuum atomizing tower, and is connect with gas purification recycling device；Gas purification recycling device
Connection is connect with argon gas air supply pipe；Oscillatory type powder blanking device is mounted on the inner wall below vacuum atomizing tower.The plasma
The apparatus structure of atomization preparation increasing material manufacturing high-performance powder is simple, easy to use, using oscillatory type powder blanking device, keeps away
Accumulation of the metal material after plasma is atomized into superfines below vacuum atomizing tower is exempted from；To metal material under vacuum environment
Material is high by plasma nebulization efficiency.But the technical solution can not be applicable in using untransferable arc plasma generator
In the preparation of refractory metal powder, and the bottom of vacuum atomizing tower is arranged in the air inlet of the cooling gas for metal atomization
Portion, the molten drop after being melted are moved to vacuum atomizing tower bottom under its gravity and carry out heat exchange cooled and solidified Cheng Chao
Fine powder granules, since heat exchange can occur in molten drop under the effect of gravity dropping process, so that molten drop temperature meeting
It gradually decreases, leads to its sphericity difference and surface is not clean, preparation-obtained diameter of particle is big and irregular, molding powder
Particle size range is larger.
Summary of the invention
In view of the above problems, the present invention provides a kind of spherical fine metal powder production system and its method, the present invention
Energy density and the higher heat source of temperature are provided for raw metal atomization by using transferred-arc plasma arc torch, is matched simultaneously
Position and the structure setting feature for closing ceramic funnel and atomizing disk, greatly shorten transferred-arc plasma arc torch nozzle to vacuum atomizing
The distance in area, so that under the metal liquid after the fusing of transferred arc plasma torch is acted on through ceramic funnel flow guide heat preservation, quickly
It is quickly cooled down by atomizing disk and in range of atomization and is broken into fine metal powder, with sphericity is high, any surface finish is good, grain
The advantages that diameter is small, impurity content is low and yield is larger solves refractory metal in the prior art and is difficult to melt, is difficult to refine,
The technical problem that powder sphericity is not high and partial size is big.
To achieve the above object, the invention provides the following technical scheme:
A kind of spherical shape fine metal powder production system, including vacuum atomizing tower, be mounted on above vacuum atomizing tower etc.
Plasma arc torch, which is characterized in that further include:
Feed device, by raw metal using perpendicular to the plasma torch middle line direction charging and feed entrance point as institute
State the central point of nozzle；
Ceramic funnel is arranged in immediately below the feed entrance point of the feed device；
Atomizing disk, is installed on the inside of the vacuum atomizing tower, and the lower part of the ceramics funnel is placed in the atomizing disk
At feed inlet；
Powder collecting tank, connection are installed on the bottom of the vacuum atomizing tower；
Filtering tank is connected to the lower part of the vacuum atomizing tower by gas pipeline a and is internally provided with gas filtration
Component；And
The inert gas circulatory system comprising air blower, air accumulator and the gas compressor being sequentially connected, the air blast
Machine is connected by gas pipeline b with the gas outlet of the filtering tank, through the filtered inert gas of filtering tank by air blast power traction
Enter in air accumulator and by gas pipeline c after gas compressor compresses and is delivered to going out in the atomizing disk and in atomizing disk
High-speed flow is formed at material mouth, and molten metal liquid is crushed rapidly to the micro-fine metal powder for being cooled into that partial size is 1~15 μm
Body.
As an improvement, the atomizing disk is bullet, inner annular, which is evenly equipped with, several to be connected to the gas pipeline c
Tracheae, annular arrangement shape is consistent with the shape of atomizing disk, and the axis angle of tracheae and atomizing disk is α, and α is 20~75 °.
As an improvement, the nozzle of the plasma torch is located at the surface of ceramic hopper centre position；The flue
Road a is inclined to set, and its end position being connected with the filtering tank is higher than what it was connected with the vacuum atomizing tower
End position.
As an improvement, the gas filtering component includes being installed on the top of filtering tank and compatible with its inside dimension
Filter screen, several filter bags being uniformly arranged below the filter screen vertically, filter screen are located at the gas outlet of the filtering tank
Lower section.
As a further improvement, heat-exchange device, the vacuum mist are additionally provided between the air blower and air accumulator
Change tower, powder collecting tank, filtering tank, heat-exchange device and connecting pipe and be equipped with water interlayer, leads to cooling water in water interlayer.
As a further improvement, the plasma torch is transferred-arc plasma arc torch, generates transferred-arc plasma
Gas be the mixing of one or more of nitrogen, argon gas or hydrogen.
Improved as further, the plasma torch include upper housing, the lower housing being sheathed below housing,
Cathode and the nozzle being arranged on lower housing end, the inside of the upper housing are successively arranged arc torch water inlet pipe, arc from inside to outside
Torch return pipe and air inlet pipe all extend to the inside of lower housing；The lower end of the arc torch return pipe is arranged in the cathode
Top that is upper and being located at the nozzle；The end of the air inlet pipe is connected to the nozzle；The lower housing is additionally provided with outer pack into
Water pipe and housing return pipe, are arranged in the outside of the air inlet pipe.
It is improved as further, is additionally provided with insulated enclosure set in the upper housing, which is sheathed on institute
It states the outside of arc torch return pipe and is placed in the upper end of the air inlet pipe；Between the lower end and the cathode of the arc torch return pipe
It is additionally provided with metal o-ring.
The present invention also provides a kind of spherical fine metal powder production methods, which is characterized in that including above-mentioned technical side
A kind of spherical shape fine metal powder production system, the specific production procedure of the production method described in case are as follows:
(1) after checking system sealing, fresh inert gas valve is opened, opens air blower, opens gas compression
Machine opens the gas valve of all tracheaes on atomizing disk, and high velocity inert air-flow enters atomizing disk, then starts feed device simultaneously
And plasma torch；
(2) under the action of plasma torch, molten metal liquid is flowed in ceramic funnel, through ceramic funnel water conservancy diversion,
Into range of atomization, under the action of high-speed airflow of inert gas, metal liquid is crushed is cooled into micro-fine metal powder rapidly, fine
Metal powder powder falls into powder collecting tank and is collected, and a portion powder flows in filtering tank with gas, after filtering
Inert gas is recycled by the inert gas circulatory system.
Wherein, the inert gas of the high-speed gas atomization is nitrogen or argon gas, and pressure is 5~20MPa.
Compared with prior art, the present invention have following remarkable advantage and the utility model has the advantages that
1) present invention melts metal as heating source using transferred-arc plasma arc torch, and metal bar or wire rod are made
For the anode of electrode, energy density height (energy density is up to 105~106W/cm2), temperature height (arc column central temperature 10000
~30000K), flame flow velocity degree big (up to 300~800m/s) etc., can instant melting metal, and utmostly improve molten metal
The degree of superheat of liquid, is suitable for production low melting point and dystectic metal-powder, and yield and fine powder yield are high；
2) present invention greatly shortens and turns in the underface of transferred-arc plasma arc torch by the way that ceramic funnel and atomizing disk is arranged
The distance of arc plasma torch nozzle to vacuum atomizing area is moved, while being acted on using ceramic funnel flow guide heat preservation, is reduced transferred
Metal liquid after the fusing of arc plasma torch enters the temperature drop before vacuum atomizing area, it is ensured that and subsequent powder forms type quality,
And using the structure setting of atomizing disk, so that metal liquid is dispersed through atomizing disk discharge port by pencil high velocity inert gas shock
Atomization cooling is broken into fine metal powder, and this method combines transferred-arc plasma arc torch ultra-high temperature, molten metal liquid
The advantages that degree of superheat height and gas atomization cooling velocity be fast, good sphericity, can produce 1~15 μm of partial size of various metals and conjunction
Bronze powder；
In conclusion applicability of the present invention is wide, the metal-powder overwhelming majority partial size of production can control 1~15 micron it
Between, and yield is big (10~30kg/h), and sphericity is high, and any surface finish, impurity content is low, good dispersion, it is moderate the advantages that
Make, it can be achieved that large-scale industrial production.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is production system overall schematic of the present invention；
Fig. 2 is one of the schematic diagram of internal structure of atomizing disk in the present invention；
Fig. 3 is two of the schematic diagram of internal structure of atomizing disk in the present invention；
Fig. 4 is the schematic diagram of internal structure of plasma torch in the present invention；
Fig. 5 is production technological process of the present invention；
Fig. 6 is the electron microscope that the embodiment of the present invention four produces 1.0 μ-nickel powders；
Fig. 7 is the electron microscope that the embodiment of the present invention 51 produces 3.0 microns of stainless steel powders.
Specific embodiment
Following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and technical solution in the embodiment of the present invention carries out clear, complete
Site preparation description, it is clear that described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, instead of all the embodiments.It is based on
Embodiment in the present invention, it is obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without making creative efforts every other
Embodiment shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
In the description of the present invention, it is to be understood that, term " center ", " longitudinal direction ", " transverse direction ", " length ", " width ",
" thickness ", "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outside", " up time
The orientation or positional relationship of the instructions such as needle ", " counterclockwise " is to be based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings, and is merely for convenience of
The description present invention and simplified description, rather than the equipment of indication or suggestion meaning or element must have a particular orientation, with spy
Fixed orientation construction and operation, therefore be not considered as limiting the invention.
In addition, term " first ", " second " are used for descriptive purposes only and cannot be understood as indicating or suggesting relative importance
Or implicitly indicate the quantity of indicated technical characteristic.Define " first " as a result, the feature of " second " can be expressed or
Implicitly include one or more of the features.In the description of the present invention, the meaning of " plurality " is two or more,
Unless otherwise specifically defined.
Embodiment one
As shown in Figure 1 to Figure 3, the present invention provides a kind of spherical fine metal powder production systems, including vacuum atomizing
Tower 1, the plasma torch 2 for being mounted on 1 top of vacuum atomizing tower, further includes:
Feed device 3, by raw metal perpendicular to the 2 middle line direction of plasma torch charging and feed entrance point 31
For the central point of the nozzle 20 of the plasma torch 2；Preferably, the shape of raw metal is bar or wire rod, pass through
Artificial feeding passes through clamping device self-feeding；
Ceramic funnel 4 is arranged in immediately below the feed entrance point 31 of the feed device 3；
Atomizing disk 5, is installed on the inside of the vacuum atomizing tower 1, and the lower part of the ceramics funnel 4 is placed in the atomizing disk
At 5 feed inlet 51；
Powder collecting tank 6, connection are installed on the bottom of the vacuum atomizing tower 1；
Filtering tank 7 is connected to the lower part of the vacuum atomizing tower 1 by gas pipeline a8 and is internally provided with gas mistake
Filter component 71；
The inert gas circulatory system 9 comprising air blower 91, air accumulator 92 and the gas compressor 93 being sequentially connected,
The air blower 91 is connected by gas pipeline b94 with the gas outlet 72 of the filtering tank 7, filtered lazy through filtering tank 7
Property gas be introduced in air accumulator 92 by air blower 91 and institute be delivered to by gas pipeline c95 after the compression of gas compressor 93
It states in atomizing disk 5 and forms high-speed flow at the discharge port of atomizing disk 5 52 and molten metal liquid is crushed rapidly to cooling shape
The fine metal powder for being 1~15 μm at partial size.
It is worth noting that as shown in Figures 2 and 3, the atomizing disk 5 is bullet, inner annular be evenly equipped with it is several with
The tracheae 83 of the gas pipeline c95 connection, annular arrangement shape is consistent with the shape of atomizing disk 5, preferably, the atomization
Disk 5 offers an annular gas passage 84 being connected to the tracheae 83, the gas pipeline above the upper end of tracheae 83
The outlet side of c95 is connected with the annular gas passage 84, and inert gas is introduced to the annular of atomizing disk 5 through gas pipeline c95
In gas passage 84, and it is synchronous into corresponding tracheae 83c, it is ensured that and the gas flow rate in gas c is consistent.
Wherein, the axis angle of tracheae 83 and atomizing disk 5 is 20~75 °, so that the air-flow through the injection of several tracheaes 83 is real
Now intersect, improve metal liquid aerosol dispersion effect, improves metal-powder Forming Quality.In addition, atomizing disk 5 is in several tracheaes 83
Gas outlet at formed high-speed flow region, that is, vacuum atomizing area 55.
In the present embodiment, the nozzle 20 of the plasma torch 2 is located at the surface of 4 center of ceramic funnel；Institute
It states gas pipeline a8 to be inclined to set, and its end position being connected with the filtering tank 7 is higher than itself and the vacuum atomizing
The end position that tower 1 is connected, in addition, the end position that the gas pipeline a8 is connected with the filtering tank 7 is arranged in mistake
On the one hand the lower position of filter tank 7 improves gas filtration clean-up effect, on the other hand play preliminary sedimentation by gas pipeline a8
Effect so that gas pipeline a8 in settle powder can automatically fall into powder collecting tank 6.
As an improvement, the gas filtering component 71 includes being installed on the top of filtering tank 7 and mutually fitting with its inside dimension
The filter screen 711 matched, several filter bags 712 being uniformly arranged below the filter screen 711 vertically, filter screen 711 are located at described
Gas filtration clean-up effect is improved in the lower section of the gas outlet 72 of filtering tank 7.
In addition to this, heat-exchange device 96, the vacuum atomizing are additionally provided between the air blower 91 and air accumulator 92
Tower 1, powder collecting tank 6, filtering tank 7, heat-exchange device 96 and connecting pipe are equipped with water interlayer, lead to cooling in water interlayer
Water.
Embodiment two
As shown in Figure 4, wherein use attached drawing mark corresponding with embodiment one with component identical or corresponding in embodiment one
Note hereafter only describes the distinctive points with embodiment one for simplicity.The difference of the embodiment two and embodiment one exists
In: in the present embodiment, the plasma torch 2 includes upper housing 21, lower housing 22, the cathode 23 for being sheathed on 21 lower section of housing
And the nozzle 20 on lower 22 end of housing is set, the inside of the upper housing 21 is successively arranged arc torch water inlet pipe from inside to outside
24, arc torch return pipe 25 and air inlet pipe 26 all extend to the inside of lower housing 22；The setting of cathode 23 is returned in the arc torch
Top on the lower end of water pipe 25 and positioned at the nozzle 20；The end of the air inlet pipe 26 is connected to the nozzle 20；Institute
It states lower housing 22 and is additionally provided with housing water inlet pipe 27 and housing return pipe 28, be arranged in the outside of the air inlet pipe 26.
In addition, being additionally provided with insulated enclosure set 211 in the upper housing 21, insulated enclosure set 211 is sheathed on the arc torch
The outside of return pipe 25 and the upper end for being placed in the air inlet pipe 26；The lower end of the arc torch return pipe 25 and the cathode 23 it
Between be additionally provided with metal o-ring 251.
Plasma torch 2 in the present invention carries out inside and outside cooling method, structure using the structure of inner-outer sleeve and to arc square
Simply, easy to repair and good cooling results greatly improve the service life of plasma arc square.
It is worth noting that the plasma torch 2 is transferred-arc plasma arc torch 2, transferred-arc plasma is generated
Gas is the mixing of one or more of nitrogen, argon gas or hydrogen, and in the present embodiment, the raw metal is as electrode
Anode, which can be directly transferred to the more energy of generation raw metal, and energy density is high
(energy density is up to 105~106W/cm2), temperature is high (10000~30000K of arc column central temperature), and flame flow velocity degree is big (reachable
300~800m/s) etc., can instant melting metal, and utmostly improve molten metal liquid the degree of superheat, in combination with ceramics
The setting and its design feature of funnel 4 and atomizing disk 5 solve the problems, such as that refractory metal is difficult to melt and is difficult to refine.
Embodiment three
As shown in figure 5, the present invention also provides a kind of spherical fine metal powder production method, including above-mentioned technical proposal
Described in a kind of spherical fine metal powder production system, the specific production procedure of the production method is as follows:
(1) after checking system sealing, fresh inert gas valve is opened, opens air blower 91, opens gas pressure
Contracting machine 93, opens the gas valve of all tracheaes 83 on atomizing disk 5, and high velocity inert air-flow enters atomizing disk 5, then starts simultaneously
Feed device 3 and plasma torch 2；
(2) under the action of plasma torch 2, molten metal liquid is flowed in ceramic funnel 4, is led through ceramic funnel 4
Stream, into range of atomization, under the action of high-speed airflow of inert gas, metal liquid is crushed is cooled into micro-fine metal powder rapidly,
Micro-fine metal powder powder falls into powder collecting tank 6 and is collected, and a portion powder flows in filtering tank 7 with gas, passes through
Inert gas after filter is recycled by the inert gas circulatory system 9.
Wherein, the inert gas of the high-speed gas atomization is nitrogen or argon gas, and pressure is 5~20MPa.
Example IV
As shown in fig. 6, preparing 1.0 microns of nickel powder, specific steps using the production system and method for embodiment one to three
It is as follows:
Nickel stick raw material is placed, transferred plasma arc square center is placed in, after checking system sealing, is opened
Fresh inert gas valve opens air blower 91 so that system is full of inert gas, opens gas compressor 93, opens atomization
5 high pressure admission of disk, inert gas circulation of the pressure control in 15MPa, system, opens cooling inert gas, pressure control
System is in 0.5MPa, flow 150m3/H, then starts feed device 3 and transferred plasma arc square simultaneously, and charging rate control exists
12~15kg/h, transferred plasma arc square power control is in 80kw.
Under the action of transferred arc transferred plasma arc square, nickel stick instant melting, high temperature metal liquid passes through ceramic funnel 4
Drainage enter vacuum atomizing area 55, subsequently break up and be cooled to superfine powder, most powders stays in collecting tank, only
Small part flows in filtering tank 7 compared with fine powder with gas, and filtered inert gas is followed into air accumulator 92, in gas compressor 93
Under the action of be recycled.The powder obtained in collecting tank is taken out, and is observed under Electronic Speculum.
Embodiment five
As shown in fig. 7, preparing 3.0 microns of stainless steel powder using the production system and method for embodiment one to three, specifically
Steps are as follows:
Stainless steel bar raw material is placed, transferred plasma arc square center is placed in, after checking system sealing,
Fresh inert gas valve is opened, so that system is full of inert gas, air blower 91 is opened, opens gas compressor 93, open
5 high pressure admission of atomizing disk, inert gas circulation of the pressure control in 10MPa, system, opens cooling inert gas, pressure
Power control then starts feed device 3 and transferred plasma arc square, charging rate control in 0.5MPa, flow 150m3/h simultaneously
System is in 12~15kg/h, and transferred plasma arc square power control is in 80kw.
Under the action of transferred arc transferred plasma arc square, stainless steel bar instant melting, high temperature metal liquid passes through ceramics
The drainage of funnel 4 enters vacuum atomizing area 55, subsequently breaks up and is cooled to superfine powder, and most powders stays in collecting tank
In, only small part flows in filtering tank 7 compared with fine powder with gas, and filtered inert gas is followed into air accumulator 92, in gas
It is recycled under the action of compressor 93.The powder obtained in collecting tank is taken out, and is observed under Electronic Speculum.
The foregoing is merely illustrative of the preferred embodiments of the present invention, is not intended to limit the invention, all in essence of the invention
Made any modifications, equivalent replacements, and improvements etc., should all be included in the protection scope of the present invention within mind and principle.
Claims (10)
1. a kind of spherical shape fine metal powder production system, including vacuum atomizing tower (1), it is mounted on above vacuum atomizing tower (1)
Plasma torch (2), which is characterized in that further include:
Feed device (3), by raw metal (10) perpendicular to the charging of the plasma torch (2) middle line direction and feed position
Set the central point for the nozzle (20) that (31) are the plasma torch (2)；
Ceramic funnel (4) is arranged immediately below the feed entrance point (31) of the feed device (3)；
Atomizing disk (5), is installed on the inside of the vacuum atomizing tower (1), and the lower part of the ceramics funnel (4) is placed in the atomization
At the feed inlet (51) of disk (5)；
Powder collecting tank (6), connection are installed on the bottom of the vacuum atomizing tower (1)；
Filtering tank (7) is connected to the lower part of the vacuum atomizing tower (1) by gas pipeline a (8) and is internally provided with gas
Filter assemblies (71)；And
The inert gas circulatory system (9) comprising air blower (91), air accumulator (92) and the gas compressor being sequentially connected
(93), the air blower (91) is connected by gas pipeline b (94) with the gas outlet (72) of the filtering tank (7), through filtering
Tank (7) filtered inert gas is introduced in air accumulator (92) by air blower (91) and is led to after gas compressor (93) compression
Gas pipeline c (95) is crossed to be delivered in the atomizing disk (5) and form high-speed flow general at the discharge port of atomizing disk (5) (52)
Molten metal liquid, which is crushed rapidly, is cooled into the fine metal powder that partial size is 1~15 μm.
2. a kind of spherical fine metal powder production system according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the atomizing disk
It (5) is bullet, inner annular is evenly equipped with several tracheaes (53) being connected to the gas pipeline c (95), annular arrangement shape
Shape is consistent with the shape of atomizing disk (5), and tracheae (53) and the axis angle of atomizing disk (5) are α, and α is 20~75 °.
3. a kind of spherical fine metal powder production system according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the plasma arc
The nozzle (20) of torch (2) is located at the surface of ceramic funnel (4) center；The gas pipeline a (8) is inclined to set, and
Its end position being connected with the filtering tank (7) is higher than its end position being connected with the vacuum atomizing tower (1).
4. a kind of spherical fine metal powder production system according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the gas filtration
Component (71) includes being installed on the top of filtering tank (7) and filter screen compatible with its inside dimension (711), laying vertically
Several filter bags (712) being placed in below the filter screen (711), filter screen (711) are located at the gas outlet of the filtering tank (7)
(72) lower section.
5. a kind of spherical fine metal powder production system according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the air blower
(91) it is additionally provided between air accumulator (92) heat-exchange device (96), the vacuum atomizing tower (1), powder collecting tank (6), mistake
Filter tank (7), heat-exchange device (96) and connecting pipe are equipped with water interlayer, lead to cooling water in water interlayer.
6. a kind of spherical fine metal powder production system according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the plasma arc
Torch (2) is transferred-arc plasma arc torch (2), generates the gas of transferred-arc plasma as one in nitrogen, argon gas or hydrogen
Kind or a variety of mixing.
7. a kind of spherical fine metal powder production system according to claim 6, which is characterized in that the plasma arc
Torch (2) includes upper housing (21), the lower housing (22) being sheathed below housing (21), cathode (23) and is arranged in lower housing
(22) inside of the nozzle on end (20), the upper housing (21) is successively arranged arc torch water inlet pipe (24), arc torch from inside to outside
Return pipe (25) and air inlet pipe (26), all extend to the inside of lower housing (22)；The cathode (23) is arranged in the arc torch
Top on the lower end of return pipe (25) and positioned at the nozzle (20)；The end of the air inlet pipe (26) and the nozzle
(20) it is connected to；The lower housing (22) is additionally provided with housing water inlet pipe (27) and housing return pipe (28), be arranged in it is described into
The outside of tracheae (26).
8. a kind of spherical fine metal powder production system according to claim 7, which is characterized in that the upper housing
(21) in be additionally provided with insulated enclosure set (211), the insulated enclosure set (211) be sheathed on the outside of the arc torch return pipe (25) and
It is placed in the upper end of the air inlet pipe (26)；Gold is additionally provided between the lower end and the cathode (23) of the arc torch return pipe (25)
Belong to sealing ring (251).
9. a kind of spherical shape fine metal powder production method, which is characterized in that including the described in any item one kind of claim 1-8
The specific production procedure of spherical fine metal powder production system, the production method is as follows:
(1) after checking system sealing, fresh inert gas valve is opened, is opened air blower (91), gas compression is opened
Machine (93) opens the gas valve of all tracheaes (53) on atomizing disk (5), and high velocity inert air-flow enters atomizing disk (5), then same
Shi Qidong feed device (3) and plasma torch (2)；
(2) under the action of plasma torch (2), molten metal liquid is flowed in ceramic funnel (4), through ceramic funnel (4)
Water conservancy diversion, into range of atomization, under the action of high-speed airflow of inert gas, metal liquid is crushed is cooled into fine metal rapidly
Powder, micro-fine metal powder powder fall into powder collecting tank (6) and are collected, and a portion powder flows to filtering tank (7) with gas
In, inert gas after filtering is recycled by the inert gas circulatory system (9).
10. a kind of spherical fine metal powder production method according to claim 9, which is characterized in that the indifferent gas
Body is nitrogen or argon gas, and pressure is 5~20MPa.
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