CN105081337B - Method and device for preparing fine spherical metal powder through high-frequency supersonic plasma gas - Google Patents
Method and device for preparing fine spherical metal powder through high-frequency supersonic plasma gas Download PDFInfo
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- CN105081337B CN105081337B CN201510530802.8A CN201510530802A CN105081337B CN 105081337 B CN105081337 B CN 105081337B CN 201510530802 A CN201510530802 A CN 201510530802A CN 105081337 B CN105081337 B CN 105081337B
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Abstract
The invention provides a method and device for preparing fine spherical metal powder through high-frequency supersonic plasma gas. The device for preparing the metal powder is provided with a vacuum atomizing chamber, a vacuum stepless speed-regulating multi-directional wire feeding chamber, a vacuumizing exhaust system and a single-stage or multi-stage high-frequency supersonic plasma generator and carries out asymmetric cutting type melting and atomizing, wherein the vacuum atomizing chamber is provided with a gas-powder separation filter, a cooling water jacket device and a powder outlet. The whole device is small in occupied area, simple and compact in structure, fully closed, easy to operate, little in investment and low in operation cost. The defects that a method and device for preparing metal powder in the prior art are large in investment and high in production cost and can not achieve industrialization and commercialization are overcome.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to powder metallurgy preparing technical field and in particular to a kind of high frequency supersonic speed plasma gass prepare fine
Ball-type metal powder method and device.
Background technology
In recent years, metal powder metallurgy parts injection moulding production technology, metal material surface cladding are repaired and are sprayed
Technology comes into the stable development stage.Metal dust 3D printing technique, 3D laser forming technology, 3D electron beam forming technique etc.
Front line science also in fast development, is put forward higher requirement to its metal dust raw material under this background, metal dust
The chemical purity of product, spherical rate, the high-quality of particle size and its distribution will be the foundation stones of hi tech market industrialization.Mesh
Before, the production technology of high-test metal spherical powder is mainly gas atomization and plasma rotating electrode process.Gas atomization
High-frequency induction gas atomization, Medium frequency induction crucible melting gas atomization, plasma are mainly had according to the mode difference of fusing metal
Supersonic gas atomization, High temperature ion body atomization.Wherein plasma rotating electrode process is limited to rotating speed and auxiliary and produces
Powder size is thick, and production cost height should not be widelyd popularize；High-frequency induction gas atomization, Medium frequency induction crucible melting gas atomization
It is limited to melt flow velocity and the difficult control of fluid, gas nozzle structure is complicated, and gas effciency is low, and the powder fine powder of production is few, and throws
Provide big production cost high；Plasma ultrasonic gas atomization is limited to the dynamic tracking control of supersonic generator and serialization is criticized
Quantify to produce；High temperature ion body atomization is will to be melted using high temperatures and certain air velocity characteristic that plasma possesses
It is atomized integration come the method for powder processed, but, there are a lot of weak points in this High temperature ion body atomization：One be continuous to
Be passed through in atomisation tower cooling argon carry out heat exchange cooling one side argon can lossy, the argon on the other hand in a large number cooling down
A large amount of argon needed for high-temperature plasma focal area are become to make system gas consumption very big with order to ensure symmetrical plasma rectangle,
So it is accomplished by very strong argon filtration, purification recovery pressurized recirculation and utilizes system, lead to investment big, production run high cost,
Having in atomisation tower is environment under high pressure impact plasma torch air velocity, length all the time again, and size powder conglutinating machine can increase；Two
It is that symmetrical plasma rectangle becomes high-temperature plasma focal area, a diameter of 5mm curled hair or bar to be sent directly into plasma Jiao
Point highest warm area, it is moment that this large amount of raw material is melted in rapidly the plasma focus highest warm area time of staying,
It is difficult to ensure that melting charge refines percentage of damage, the utilization rate that plasma torch forms high-temperature plasma is low.Drawbacks described above, constrains
Metal powder metallurgy parts are to the development further in higher field it is therefore necessary to propose to improve.
Content of the invention
Present invention solves the technical problem that：A kind of high frequency supersonic speed plasma gass are provided to prepare fine ball-type metal powder
Method and device, prepares in prior art that the investment of metal dust method and apparatus is big, production cost is high and cannot industry to overcome
Change defect and the deficiencies such as commercialization.
The technical solution used in the present invention：High frequency supersonic speed plasma gass prepare the device of fine ball-type metal powder,
There is vacuumizing and exhausting system, the arrival end of described vacuumizing and exhausting system is connected with vacuum system, vacuumizing and exhausting system
One outlet end is connected with vacuum atomizing chamber inlet end, and described vacuum atomizing room outer edge surface is provided with the cooling of stagewise independent loops
Water jacketing, the water inlet of described cooling jacket device is connected with the outlet of water-cooling system and water inlet respectively with outlet；
Another port of export of vacuumizing and exhausting system and the wire feed vacuum chamber installing the multidirectional wire feed system of vacuum stepless speed regulation, institute
State wire feed vacuum interior and be provided with receiving single-stage in communication or the plasma generation of multi-stage high-frequency supersonic speed plasma generator
Device vacuum chamber.
Further, described vacuum atomizing room carries gas powder separator-filter and meal outlet.
Wherein, described cooling jacket device is made up of cooling jacket I and cooling jacket II, and described vacuum atomizing room is in integrally
Pyramidal structure, at the taper small end of vacuum atomizing room, cooling jacket I is provided with water inlet I and water outlet to described cooling jacket I
Mouth I；At the big end of taper located at vacuum atomizing room for the described cooling jacket II, cooling jacket II is provided with water inlet II and outlet
II, above-mentioned water inlet I is connected with the outlet of water-cooling system and water inlet with outlet II respectively with outlet I, water inlet II,
And the outer edge surface of vacuum atomizing room is wrapped up by cooling jacket I and cooling jacket II.
A kind of method also providing high frequency supersonic speed plasma gass to prepare fine ball-type metal powder, comprises following steps
Suddenly：
1) metal wire material got ready is coiled and be installed in the multidirectional wire feed system of vacuum stepless speed regulation；
2) single-stage or multi-stage high-frequency supersonic speed plasma generator are arranged on plasma generator vacuum interior, and make gold
The silk head rest belonging to silk material coiling is closely by the pipette tips of single-stage or multi-stage high-frequency supersonic speed plasma generator；
3) connect the water-cooling system of plasma power supply and high-purity argon gas cylinder and cooling jacket device, shut vacuum atomizing room
Meal outlet, starting vacuumizing and exhausting system makes the vacuum of wire feed vacuum chamber, plasma generator vacuum chamber and vacuum atomizing room
Reach 1*10-3Pa；
4) single-stage or multi-stage high-frequency supersonic speed plasma generator and the multidirectional wire feed system of vacuum stepless speed regulation, metal are opened
Silk head is admitted in single-stage or the high frequency supersonic speed plasma gass flame of multi-stage high-frequency supersonic speed plasma device, high frequency supersonic speed
Plasma gass flame is asymmetric vertical with silk head axis or wide-angle becomes ladder cutting wire head and molten drop bundle thus reaching micro-AmountFusing, adds that plasma gass dither ripple becomes fine droplets to make the abundant mist of molten drop with supersonic velocity impact aerosol dispersion
Change；
5) drop of fully atomization is directly blown into vacuum atomizing room by supersonic speed argon, and the drop of atomization is set with cooling water
Cool and solidify into attritive powder in the presence of putting, and the gas powder separator-filter being carried by vacuum atomizing room separate after from going out powder
Mouth is discharged.
Above-mentioned steps 1) in, the diameter of described metal wire material is not more than 2mm.
Above-mentioned steps 2) in, described single-stage or multi-stage high-frequency supersonic speed plasma generator have single negative electrode high frequency supersonic speed etc.
Ion gun generator or three negative electrode high frequency supersonic speed plasma gun generators.
Present invention advantage compared with prior art：
1st, the powder that the method produces has purity height, fine size, distribution concentration, outward appearance feature spherical in shape；
2nd, using the vacuum atomizing room carrying gas powder separator-filter, cooling jacket and meal outlet, vacuum is stepless for the present invention
The multidirectional wire feeding chamber of speed governing, vacuumizing and exhausting system, single-stage or the asymmetric cutting type of multi-stage high-frequency supersonic speed plasma generator melt
That changes atomization prepares metal dust device, and package unit takes up an area little, simple and compact for structure, total closed type, easy to operate, small investment,
Operating cost is low；
3) wire feed can make full use of plasma gass heat energy to multi-direction multi-filament material simultaneously, greatly improves production capacity, reduces life
Produce cost；
4) drop being atomized cools and solidifies into attritive powder in the presence of cooling jacket, and carried by vacuum atomizing room
Gas powder separator-filter separates.
Brief description
Fig. 1 is assembly of the invention structural representation.
Specific embodiment
1 a kind of embodiment of the present invention is described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.
High frequency supersonic speed plasma gass prepare the device of fine ball-type metal powder, have vacuumizing and exhausting system 1, institute
The arrival end stating vacuumizing and exhausting system 1 is connected with vacuum system, the one outlet end of vacuumizing and exhausting system 1 and vacuum atomizing
Room 6 arrival end connection, described vacuum atomizing room 6 outer edge surface is provided with the cooling jacket device 5 of stagewise independent loops, described cold
But the water inlet of water jacketing 5 is connected with the outlet of water-cooling system and water inlet respectively with outlet；Vacuumizing and exhausting system 1
Another port of export with install the multidirectional wire feed system of vacuum stepless speed regulation 2 wire feed vacuum chamber 3 connect, described wire feed vacuum chamber
It is provided with receiving single-stage in communication or the plasma generator vacuum chamber 4 of multi-stage high-frequency supersonic speed plasma generator 7 in 3；
Above-mentioned vacuum atomizing room 6 carries gas powder separator-filter 8 and meal outlet 9.
Above-mentioned cooling jacket device 5 is made up of cooling jacket I 10 and cooling jacket II 11, and described vacuum atomizing room 6 is overall
Tapered structure, at the taper small end of vacuum atomizing room 6, cooling jacket I 10 is provided with water inlet to described cooling jacket I 10
I 12 and outlet I 13；At the big end of taper located at vacuum atomizing room 6 for the described cooling jacket II 11, cooling jacket II 11 is provided with
Water inlet II 14 and outlet II 15, above-mentioned water inlet I 12 and outlet I 13, water inlet II 14 and outlet II 15 respectively with
The outlet of water-cooling system connects with water inlet, and cooling jacket I 10 and cooling jacket II 11 are by the outer edge surface of vacuum atomizing room 6
Parcel.
A kind of method also providing high frequency supersonic speed plasma gass to prepare fine ball-type metal powder, comprises following steps
Suddenly：
1st, the metal wire material got ready is coiled and be installed in the multidirectional wire feed system of vacuum stepless speed regulation 2；Described metal wire material
Diameter be not more than 2mm, so that fusing atomization is fully；In the present embodiment, taking Ti silk material as a example；
2nd, single-stage or multi-stage high-frequency supersonic speed plasma generator 7 are arranged in plasma generator vacuum chamber 4, and make
The silk head rest that metal wire material is coiled is closely by the pipette tips of single-stage or multi-stage high-frequency supersonic speed plasma generator 7；Described single-stage or many
Level high frequency supersonic speed plasma generator 7 has single negative electrode high frequency supersonic speed plasma gun generator or three negative electrode high frequency supersonic speed etc.
Ion gun generator；
3rd, connect the water-cooling system of plasma power supply and high-purity argon gas cylinder and cooling jacket device 5, No leakage is to ensure that product
The premise of quality, logical circulating water cooling system, simple, energy-conservation, easily management；Shut the meal outlet of vacuum atomizing room 6, start
Vacuumizing and exhausting system 1 makes the vacuum of wire feed vacuum chamber 3, plasma generator vacuum chamber 4 and vacuum atomizing room 6 reach 1*
10-3Pa；Vacuumizing and exhausting system 1 is that early stage takes out aerochamber vacuum, and the later stage ensures the key of negative pressure exhaust, is also to ensure that product matter
The key of amount；
4th, single-stage or multi-stage high-frequency supersonic speed plasma generator 7 and the multidirectional wire feed system of vacuum stepless speed regulation 2, gold are opened
Belong to silk head to be admitted in single-stage or the high frequency supersonic speed plasma gass flame of multi-stage high-frequency supersonic speed plasma generator 7, high
Frequency supersonic speed plasma gass flame be asymmetric vertical with silk head axis or wide-angle become ladder cutting wire head and molten drop bundle from
And reach micro-AmountFusing, adds that plasma gass dither ripple becomes fine droplets so that melting with supersonic velocity impact aerosol dispersion
Drip and be fully atomized；
5th, the drop of fully atomization is directly blown into vacuum atomizing room 6 by supersonic speed argon, and the drop of atomization is in cooling jacket
Cool and solidify into attritive powder in the presence of device 5, and the gas powder separator-filter being carried by vacuum atomizing room 6 separates, and cleans
The fine high pure spherical titanium metal powder less than 100um can be collected in vacuum atomizing room 6.
The metal dust product of the Technology of the present invention and equipment production is not limited solely to titanium
Above-described embodiment, simply presently preferred embodiments of the present invention, be not used for limiting the scope of the present invention, thus all with this
The equivalence changes that content described in invention claim is done, all should be included within scope of the invention as claimed.
Claims (5)
1. high frequency supersonic speed plasma gass prepare the device of fine ball-type metal powder, have vacuumizing and exhausting system (1), its
It is characterised by：The arrival end of described vacuumizing and exhausting system (1) is connected with vacuum system, one of vacuumizing and exhausting system (1)
The port of export is connected with vacuum atomizing room (6) arrival end, and described vacuum atomizing room (6) outer edge surface is provided with the cold of stagewise independent loops
But water jacketing (5), the water inlet of described cooling jacket device (5) and outlet outlet and the water inlet with water-cooling system respectively
Mouth connection；Another port of export of vacuumizing and exhausting system (1) and the wire feed installing the multidirectional wire feed system of vacuum stepless speed regulation (2)
Vacuum chamber (3) connects, and is provided with receiving single-stage in communication or multi-stage high-frequency supersonic speed plasma in described wire feed vacuum chamber (3)
The plasma generator vacuum chamber (4) of generator (7)；Described cooling jacket device (5) is by cooling jacket I (10) and cooling jacket
II (11) composition, described vacuum atomizing room (6) is integrally conical structure, and described cooling jacket I (10) is located at vacuum atomizing room (6)
Taper small end at, cooling jacket I (10) is provided with water inlet I (12) and outlet I (13)；Described cooling jacket II (11) sets
At the big end of taper of vacuum atomizing room (6), cooling jacket II (11) is provided with water inlet II (14) and outlet II (15), on
State water inlet I (12) and outlet I (13), water inlet II (14) and outlet II (15) respectively with the outlet of water-cooling system and
Water inlet connects, and the outer edge surface of vacuum atomizing room (6) is wrapped up by cooling jacket I (10) and cooling jacket II (11).
2. high frequency supersonic speed plasma gass according to claim 1 prepare the device of fine ball-type metal powder, and it is special
Levy and be：Described vacuum atomizing room (6) carries gas powder separator-filter (8) and meal outlet (9).
3. utilize the device high frequency supersonic speed plasma gass described in claim 1 or 2 to prepare the side of fine ball-type metal powder
Method is it is characterised in that comprise following step：
1) metal wire material got ready is coiled and be installed in the multidirectional wire feed system of vacuum stepless speed regulation (2)；
2) single-stage or multi-stage high-frequency supersonic speed plasma generator (7) are arranged in plasma generator vacuum chamber (4), and make
The nearly single-stage of silk head rest or the pipette tips of multi-stage high-frequency supersonic speed plasma generator (7) that metal wire material is coiled；
3) connect the water-cooling system of plasma power supply and high-purity argon gas cylinder and cooling jacket device (5), shut vacuum atomizing room (6)
Meal outlet, start vacuumizing and exhausting system (1) make wire feed vacuum chamber (3), plasma generator vacuum chamber (4) and vacuum atomizing
The vacuum of room (6) reaches 1*10-3Pa；
4) single-stage or multi-stage high-frequency supersonic speed plasma generator (7) and the multidirectional wire feed system of vacuum stepless speed regulation (2), gold are opened
Belong to silk head to be admitted in single-stage or the high frequency supersonic speed plasma gass flame of multi-stage high-frequency supersonic speed plasma generator (7),
High frequency supersonic speed plasma gass flame is asymmetric vertical with silk head axis or wide-angle becomes ladder cutting wire head and molten drop bundle
Thus reaching microfusion, add that plasma gass dither ripple becomes fine droplets to make with supersonic velocity impact aerosol dispersion
Molten drop is fully atomized；
5) drop of fully atomization is directly blown into vacuum atomizing room (6) by supersonic speed argon, and the drop of atomization is set with cooling water
Cool and solidify into attritive powder in the presence of putting (5), and the gas powder separator-filter being carried by vacuum atomizing room (6) separate after from
Meal outlet is discharged.
4. the method that high frequency supersonic speed plasma gass according to claim 3 prepare fine ball-type metal powder, it is special
Levy and be：Above-mentioned steps 1) in, the diameter of described metal wire material is not more than 2mm.
5. the method that high frequency supersonic speed plasma gass according to claim 3 prepare fine ball-type metal powder, it is special
Levy and be：Above-mentioned steps 2) in, described single-stage or multi-stage high-frequency supersonic speed plasma generator (7) have single negative electrode high frequency supersonic speed
Plasma gun generator or three negative electrode high frequency supersonic speed plasma gun generators.
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| CN105057689A (en) * | 2015-08-19 | 2015-11-18 | 山西卓锋钛业有限公司 | Device and method for preparing superfine micro-spherical titanium powder for 3D printing |
| CN105855558B (en) * | 2016-05-31 | 2018-01-16 | 宝鸡万品金属科技有限公司 | The equipment and technique of fine ball-type metal powder are prepared with ultrasonic activation atomization |
| CN106041107B (en) * | 2016-08-19 | 2019-07-12 | 宁波鑫利成真空科技有限公司 | A kind of powder by gas-atomization equipment and its milling method |
| CN107282936B (en) * | 2017-06-08 | 2023-07-21 | 深圳微纳增材技术有限公司 | Device and method for preparing metal powder |
| CN107983965B (en) * | 2017-12-26 | 2020-07-03 | 宝鸡市博信金属材料有限公司 | Preparation method and equipment for high-temperature plasma gas atomization superfine spherical metal powder |
| CN108405873A (en) * | 2018-04-26 | 2018-08-17 | 白西燕 | A kind of nanometer metal micropowder preparation method and its preparation system |
| CN108526472A (en) * | 2018-05-14 | 2018-09-14 | 宝鸡市新福泉机械科技发展有限责任公司 | A kind of free arc system for spherical metal powder device and method |
| CN110834099A (en) * | 2019-11-25 | 2020-02-25 | 沈阳工业大学 | Plasma intermediate wire feeding gas atomization powder making nozzle and use method thereof |
| CN113600823B (en) * | 2021-08-12 | 2022-07-19 | 江苏天楹等离子体科技有限公司 | Laminar plasma atomized metal powder production equipment and production method thereof |
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| US5808270A (en) * | 1997-02-14 | 1998-09-15 | Ford Global Technologies, Inc. | Plasma transferred wire arc thermal spray apparatus and method |
| CN1191141C (en) * | 2000-04-26 | 2005-03-02 | 刘学晖 | Ultrasonic atomization of low-oxygen titanium with high-purity gas andtitanium alloy powder preparing process and product thereof |
| CN101391306B (en) * | 2008-11-20 | 2012-01-25 | 核工业西南物理研究院 | Device and method for preparing globular titanium micro-powder or ultra-micro powder |
| CN103769594A (en) * | 2013-11-25 | 2014-05-07 | 王利民 | Technological method and device for preparing high-purity spherical superfine/nanoscale powdered materials in plasma atomization mode |
| CN104308168B (en) * | 2014-09-28 | 2016-04-13 | 陕西维克德科技开发有限公司 | The preparation method of a kind of fine grain hypoxemia spherical titanium and titanium alloy powder |
| CN204396886U (en) * | 2015-01-30 | 2015-06-17 | 陕西维克德科技开发有限公司 | For the preparation facilities of spherical rare metal powder |
| CN204892966U (en) * | 2015-08-26 | 2015-12-23 | 宝鸡市博信金属材料有限公司 | Fine globular metal powder's of high frequency supersonic speed plasma gas preparation device |
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