CN106358740A - Method for planting shade-requiring traditional Chinese herbal medicine plants after panax notoginseng crop - Google Patents
Method for planting shade-requiring traditional Chinese herbal medicine plants after panax notoginseng crop Download PDFInfo
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- CN106358740A CN106358740A CN201610873131.XA CN201610873131A CN106358740A CN 106358740 A CN106358740 A CN 106358740A CN 201610873131 A CN201610873131 A CN 201610873131A CN 106358740 A CN106358740 A CN 106358740A
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G22/00—Cultivation of specific crops or plants not otherwise provided for
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Abstract
The invention discloses a method for planting shade-requiring traditional Chinese herbal medicine plants after panax notoginseng crop. The method comprises the following steps: deeply plowing furrowed surface for drying after harvesting and digging panax notoginseng; mixing well-rotted farmyard manure with lime nitrogen at a mass ratio of 30: 1 to obtain a mixed fertilizer to be applied to the furrowed surface; covering with a film for soil sterilization for 20 days, and then removing the film and re-finishing the furrowed field; continuing to open a flat shading shed or an arched shading shed for sunning the field; when planting bletilla striata or polygonatum kingianum or other shade-requiring traditional Chinese herbal medicine plants, covering the shading shed again, and only leaving a layer of shading net with the shading rate of 75%. The method provided by the invention adopts a planting mode of planting shade-requiring traditional Chinese herbal medicine plants after panax notoginseng crop, so as to avoid loss caused by removal of the shading shed after harvesting the panax notoginseng and pollution caused by the shading net, effectively reduce the investment risk of a grower, also greatly increase economic benefits of the traditional Chinese herbal medicine grower, and is particularly suitable for application by the traditional Chinese herbal medicine growers, enterprises and cooperation organizations.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to the method that after technical field of Chinese herbal medicine cultivation, more particularly, to Radix Notoginseng stubble, negative Chinese herbal medicine is liked in plantation.
Background technology
Radix Notoginseng (panax notoginseng (burk.) f.h.chen) is Araliaceae Panax herbaceos perennial, is
Compendium of Material Medica, go through the classical documents such as version " pharmacopeia " and include, there is the effects such as dissipate stasis of blood hemostasis, subduing swelling and relieving pain, be that China is distinctive
Famous and precious cultivation medicinal plants, main product in Southwestern China area, wherein in Wenshan Prefecture of Yunnan Province, go through by the cultivation away from modern existing more than 400 year
History.At present, wild Radix Notoginseng is very rare, Efforts To Develop artificial culture and intensive cropping become continuous meet right both at home and abroad
The important channel of the growing demand of Radix Notoginseng.Important Economic due to Radix Notoginseng is worth, and the plantation of Radix Notoginseng has become Yunnan with processing
Save the mainstay industry of development local economy.But in recent years, increasing sharply with medicinal plants cultivated area, its disease is asked
Topic is increasingly serious, it has also become the major obstacle of production of crude drugs.Because the medicinal part of most Chinese crude drugs is root, so root is rotten
Rotten become the most serious disease directly affecting root yield, quality and commodity value.Radix Notoginseng is to environmental condition in medicinal plants
Require harsher one kind, have specific requirement to temperature, humidity, height above sea level, precipitation and soil.
The plantation of presently known Radix Notoginseng, after part Planting household first has to turn in field, squeezes into after timber pull-up iron wire again,
Build the flat canopy that shelters from heat or light of the sunshade net being coated with two-layer shading rate 75% again above, build 10,000 yuan every mu about of the flat canopy that shelters from heat or light, plant
Plant Radix Notoginseng after seedling and harvest Radix Notoginseng in 2 years, after harvesting Radix Notoginseng, the used shade of institute will be removed, plastic foil, timber and the ferrum torn open
Silk almost all becomes rubbish waste product；What another part Planting household adopted is also to be coated with using having resilient material and build after piling
The shed that shelters from heat or light of the sunshade net of two-layer shading rate 75%, builds 10,000 yuan about of every mu of the shed that shelters from heat or light, and plantation Radix Notoginseng after seedling harvests for 2 years
Radix Notoginseng, after harvesting Radix Notoginseng, the used shade of institute will be removed, and plastic foil, timber and the iron wire almost all torn open become rubbish
Rubbish waste product.Remove two kinds of Radix Notoginseng shades and cause great economic loss to Planting household, as well as enormous amount rubbish
Produce, environment be also result in great pollution.Furthermore plant in the ground under shade into Radix Notoginseng after seedling, also want layer overlay pine
Pin, prevents moisture evaporation too fast, and Folium Pini needs to buy, and buying every mu of Folium Pini needs 2000 yuan about, after harvesting Radix Notoginseng, due to big
Most crops are not suitable for Folium Pini mulching plant, and therefore Folium Pini according to offal treatment or stays wait in soil to rot, place
Manage these Folium Pinis and increased extra bearing and reduce a mu economic benefit to Planting household.
Pseudobulbus Bletillae (Rhizoma Bletillae) (bletilla striata (thunb.) reichb.f.) is orchid.Pseudobulbus Bletillae (Rhizoma Bletillae) has astringing to arrest bleeding, disappears
The function of swollen granulation promoting, spits blood for treating hemoptysis, traumatic hemorrhage, sore swollen toxin, chapped skin, pulmonary tuberculosis hemoptysis, and Peptic Ulcerss go out
Blood etc..Warm, the dark and damp environment of Pseudobulbus Bletillae (Rhizoma Bletillae) happiness, such as wild mountain valley sylvan life.Conventional division propagation, typically on by the end of November to December
Ten days plants, and after Pseudobulbus Bletillae (Rhizoma Bletillae) is planted 3 years, when the October aerial stem of plant withers, digs tuber and removes soil, be processed.
P. kingianum (polygonatum kingianum coll.et hemsl) cures mainly weakness of the spleen and stomach, fatigue and asthenia, xerostomia
Lack of appetite, deficiency of the lung cough caused by dryness, asthenia of essence and blood, Heat Diabetes.P. kingianum is grown in dark and damp mountain region bushes and woods side thick grass, likes
Dark and damp, cold-resistant, fearness arid, in Arid Area undergrowth, in the environment of moistening concealment, plant strain growth is good.Deeper in soil layer
Well-grown in thick, loose fertile, draining and the preferable loam of water retention property.In the choosing of December in the first year to next year early spring late March
The raw stalwartness of 1-2, the plant rhizome of no disease and pests harm are planted as kind of a block.P. kingianum is good with autumn harvesting quality, cultivates 3 years
In November after autumn, overground part harvests after withering, and takes rhizome, removes aerial partss and fibrous root, washes away soil.
By literature search, have no open with identical of the present invention to report.
Content of the invention
Shade almost all for solving after notoginseng planting becomes rubbish waste disposal, processes the Folium Pini covering Radix Notoginseng,
All cause great economic loss to Planting household, simultaneously the generation of enormous amount rubbish, environment be also result in great pollution
Problem, and for increasing the income of Radix Notoginseng and medicinal plants Planting household, after the present invention provides a kind of Radix Notoginseng stubble, plantation happiness is negative
The method of Chinese herbal medicine.
For realizing above-mentioned purpose, technical scheme is as follows:
1. the method that after Radix Notoginseng stubble, negative Chinese herbal medicine is liked in plantation, comprises the following steps:
(1) when November～December harvesting Radix Notoginseng, by plantation Radix Notoginseng shelter from heat or light flat canopy or the shed that shelters from heat or light is opened, wait Radix Notoginseng
Orchard Soil water content reaches 9%～11%, when Radix Notoginseng plant does not have rain and dew, selects fine day excavation Radix Notoginseng, before excavation, will
Folium Pini recovery in notoginseng planting furrow face for the covering is deposited standby；
(2) after excavation Radix Notoginseng, the furrow face planting Radix Notoginseng is carried out plough deeply with a heatable brick bed and shines, proportioning mixed fertilizer is spread fertilizer over the fields in planting three
Seven furrow face, is then covered by thin film and carries out after soil disinfection sterilizes 20 days, removing thin film, then by the mixed fertilizer spread fertilizer over the fields and arable layer
Soil is mixed thoroughly, and again by the furrow face planting Radix Notoginseng carry out manage furrow, the wide 120～140cm of furrow face, the wide 30～40cm of furrow ditch mouth,
Furrow ditch bottom width 20～25cm, furrow ditch depth 24cm～26cm；Described mixed fertilizer is by well-rotted farmyard manure: the mass ratio of lime nitrogen is 30:1
Mix；
(3) after step (2) reason furrow, continue to open shelter from heat or light flat canopy or the shed that the shelters from heat or light solarization garden extremely negative medium-height grass of plantation happiness
During medicine plant, by open shelter from heat or light flat canopy or the shed that shelters from heat or light covers again, the two-layer sunshade net that plantation Radix Notoginseng is used goes
Fall one layer, only retain the sunshade net of one layer of shading rate 75%；After covering sunshade net, the negative Chinese herbal medicine of furrow face plantation happiness in garden
The Folium Pini reclaiming is covered the furrow face in the negative Chinese herbal medicine of plantation happiness by plant simultaneously, and happiness feminine gender Chinese herbal medicine routinely is planted
Species planting management measure carries out field management to the happiness feminine gender Chinese herbal medicine of plantation.
2. the method that after the Radix Notoginseng stubble according to technical scheme 1, negative Chinese herbal medicine is liked in plantation, described happiness is negative
Chinese herbal medicine is Pseudobulbus Bletillae (Rhizoma Bletillae) or P. kingianum.
Compared with prior art, beneficial effects of the present invention:
The present invention is based on Chinese crude drug and cultivates principle, sends out with the Chinese crude drug growth characters such as Pseudobulbus Bletillae (Rhizoma Bletillae), P. kingianum, growth in conjunction with Radix Notoginseng
Educate characteristic and this feature of plantation of must sheltering from heat or light, create suitable Radix Notoginseng common with Chinese crude drugs such as Pseudobulbus Bletillae (Rhizoma Bletillae), P. kingianum and respective
Ecological environment, by rationally utilizing shade and Folium Pini, produces the high-quality Chinese crude drug according with the demands of the market.
The present invention plants the cropping pattern of the negative Chinese herbal medicine of happiness after Radix Notoginseng stubble, i.e. Radix Notoginseng plants Pseudobulbus Bletillae (Rhizoma Bletillae), Yunnan after harvesting
The negative Chinese herbal medicine of the happiness such as Rhizoma Polygonati.This invention not only avoid removes loss and the screening that shade causes after harvesting Radix Notoginseng
The pollution that screened postive causes, rationally utilizes the used Folium Pini of shade and plantation Radix Notoginseng institute again, effectively reduces Planting household
Investment risk, significantly increase the economic benefit of Chinese crude drug Planting household simultaneously again, after notoginseng planting, the other farmings of plantation
Thing is compared, and increases Planting household and takes in 65540/ mu to 83540 yuan/mu, ensure that the happiness such as Radix Notoginseng and Pseudobulbus Bletillae (Rhizoma Bletillae), P. kingianum is negative simultaneously
Chinese herbal medicine plantation market stability sustainable development.
The inventive method is simple to have operability and generalization, meets domestic and international Chinese crude drug growing and cultivation sustainable
The requirement of development, particularly suitable Chinese crude drug Planting household, scale Chinese crude drug plantation enterprise and the application of Chinese herbal medicine specilized cooprative organization.
Specific embodiment
Following examples no specified otherwise for conventional method, the material used by each embodiment is commercially available.
Plant Pseudobulbus Bletillae (Rhizoma Bletillae) after embodiment 1 Radix Notoginseng stubble, comprise the following steps:
Plant Radix Notoginseng Seedling in Qujing City of Yunnan Province Shizong County little Se Cong planting base, according to conventional Radix Notoginseng within (1) 2010 year
The method of growing and cultivation carries out the plantation of Radix Notoginseng, plantation Radix Notoginseng shelter from heat or light flat canopy or the shed that shelters from heat or light covers two-layer shading rate and is
75% sunshade net, the furrow face of plantation Radix Notoginseng covers Folium Pini；When harvesting Radix Notoginseng at the beginning of 2012 11 months, by sheltering from heat or light of plantation Radix Notoginseng
Flat canopy or the shed that shelters from heat or light are opened, and wait Radix Notoginseng Orchard Soil water content to reach 9%～11% mass fraction, Radix Notoginseng plant is not rained
When dew, select fine day excavation Radix Notoginseng, before excavation, the Folium Pini recovery covering in notoginseng planting furrow face is deposited standby；
(2) after excavation Radix Notoginseng, the furrow face planting Radix Notoginseng is carried out plough deeply with a heatable brick bed and shines, proportioning mixed fertilizer is spread fertilizer over the fields in planting three
Seven furrow face, is then covered by thin film and carries out after soil disinfection sterilizes 20 days, removing thin film, then by the mixed fertilizer spread fertilizer over the fields and arable layer
Soil is mixed thoroughly, and again by the furrow face planting Radix Notoginseng carry out manage furrow, the wide 120～140cm of furrow face, the wide 30～40cm of furrow ditch mouth,
Furrow ditch bottom width 20～25cm, furrow ditch depth 24cm～26cm, furrow length determines according to the size in plot；Described mixed fertilizer is by farmers' of becoming thoroughly decomposed
Fertilizer and lime nitrogen are by well-rotted farmyard manure: the mass ratio of lime nitrogen mixes for 30:1；
(3) after step (2) reason furrow, continue to open shelter from heat or light flat canopy or the shed that shelters from heat or light and shine garden to when planting Pseudobulbus Bletillae (Rhizoma Bletillae), will
Open shelter from heat or light flat canopy or the shed that shelters from heat or light covers again, because the shading rate of Radix Notoginseng is greater than the shading rate needed for Pseudobulbus Bletillae (Rhizoma Bletillae), this
When the plantation two-layer sunshade net that used of Radix Notoginseng is removed one layer, only retain the sunshade net of one layer of shading rate 75%；Cover screening
After screened postive, in being at the beginning of 2012 12 months at the beginning of 12 months then after results Radix Notoginseng, furrow face plantation Pseudobulbus Bletillae (Rhizoma Bletillae) in garden, simultaneously by recovery
Folium Pini covers the furrow face in plantation Pseudobulbus Bletillae (Rhizoma Bletillae), and Pseudobulbus Bletillae (Rhizoma Bletillae) Cultivate administration measure routinely carries out field management to Pseudobulbus Bletillae (Rhizoma Bletillae).
(4) harvest Pseudobulbus Bletillae (Rhizoma Bletillae) in November, 2015.
Comparison 1: the following crops of crop rotation are comparison with after Radix Notoginseng stubble, specific as follows:
After in November, 2012 harvests Radix Notoginseng, remove Radix Notoginseng shading shed plant then one the season last month of winter Rhizoma Solani tuber osi (every mu average
1500kg, 1.5 yuan of univalent per kilogram)；
In May, 2013 maize planting (every mu of average 800kg, univalent per kilogram 1.6 yuan), in October, 2013 harvests beautiful
To plantation Brassica campestris L during in April, 2014 (every mu of average 200kg, univalent per kilogram 4.5 yuan) after rice；
Harvest within 2014 plantation Nicotiana tabacum L. (every mu of average 150kg, univalent per kilogram 30 yuan) after Brassica campestris Ls, in October, 2014 receipts
Obtain after Nicotiana tabacum L. to plantation winter Rhizoma Solani tuber osi during in April, 2015 (every mu of average 1500kg, univalent per kilogram 1.5 yuan)；
Harvest within 2015 maize planting (every mu of average 800kg, univalent per kilogram 1.6 yuan) after winter Rhizoma Solani tuber osis.
Comparison 1: triennial total revenue 12460 yuan/mu.
Embodiment 1 implementation result: in November, 2015 harvests Pseudobulbus Bletillae (Rhizoma Bletillae), every mu of average 800kg fresh weight, fresh weight unit price per kilogram
120 yuan, triennial Pseudobulbus Bletillae (Rhizoma Bletillae) total revenue 96000 yuan/mu.
Plant P. kingianum after embodiment 2 Radix Notoginseng stubble, comprise the following steps:
Plant Radix Notoginseng Seedling in Qujing City of Yunnan Province Shizong County little Se Cong planting base, according to conventional Radix Notoginseng within (1) 2010 year
The method of growing and cultivation carries out the plantation of Radix Notoginseng, plantation Radix Notoginseng shelter from heat or light flat canopy or the shed that shelters from heat or light is coated with two-layer shading rate and is
75% sunshade net, the furrow face of plantation Radix Notoginseng covers Folium Pini；When harvesting Radix Notoginseng at the beginning of 2012 11 months, by sheltering from heat or light of plantation Radix Notoginseng
Flat canopy or the shed that shelters from heat or light are opened, and wait Radix Notoginseng Orchard Soil water content to reach 9%～11% mass fraction, Radix Notoginseng plant is not rained
When dew, select fine day excavation Radix Notoginseng, before excavation, the Folium Pini recovery covering in notoginseng planting furrow face is deposited standby；
(2) after excavation Radix Notoginseng, the furrow face planting Radix Notoginseng is carried out plough deeply with a heatable brick bed and shines, proportioning mixed fertilizer is spread fertilizer over the fields in planting three
Seven furrow face, is then covered by thin film and carries out after soil disinfection sterilizes 20 days, removing thin film, then by the mixed fertilizer spread fertilizer over the fields and arable layer
Soil is mixed thoroughly, and again by the furrow face planting Radix Notoginseng carry out manage furrow, the wide 120～140cm of furrow face, the wide 30～40cm of furrow ditch mouth,
Furrow ditch bottom width 20～25cm, furrow ditch depth 24cm～26cm, furrow length determines according to the size in plot；Described mixed fertilizer is by farmers' of becoming thoroughly decomposed
Fertilizer and lime nitrogen are by well-rotted farmyard manure: the mass ratio of lime nitrogen mixes for 30:1；
(3) after step (2) reason furrow, continue to open shelter from heat or light flat canopy or the shed that shelters from heat or light and shine garden to when planting P. kingianum,
By open shelter from heat or light flat canopy or the shed that shelters from heat or light covers again, be greater than the shading needed for P. kingianum due to the shading rate of Radix Notoginseng
Rate, the two-layer sunshade net at this moment being used plantation Radix Notoginseng removes one layer, only retains the sunshade net of one layer of shading rate 75%；Cover
After good sunshade net, in being at the beginning of 2012 12 months at the beginning of 12 months then after results Radix Notoginseng, in garden, furrow face plantation P. kingianum, will simultaneously
The Folium Pini reclaiming covers the furrow face in plantation P. kingianum, and P. kingianum Cultivate administration measure routinely carries out field pipe to P. kingianum
Reason.
(4) in November, 2015, P. kingianum overground part harvests P. kingianum rhizome after withering.
Comparison 2: the following crops of crop rotation are comparison with after Radix Notoginseng stubble, specific as follows:
After in November, 2012 harvests Radix Notoginseng, remove Radix Notoginseng shading shed plant then one the season last month of winter Rhizoma Solani tuber osi (every mu average
1500kg, 1.5 yuan of univalent per kilogram)；
In May, 2013 maize planting (every mu of average 800kg, univalent per kilogram 1.6 yuan), in October, 2013 harvests beautiful
To plantation Brassica campestris L during in April, 2014 (every mu of average 200kg, univalent per kilogram 4.5 yuan) after rice；
Harvest within 2014 plantation Nicotiana tabacum L. (every mu of average 150kg, univalent per kilogram 30 yuan) after Brassica campestris Ls, in October, 2014 receipts
Obtain after Nicotiana tabacum L. to plantation winter Rhizoma Solani tuber osi during in April, 2015 (every mu of average 1500kg, univalent per kilogram 1.5 yuan)；
Harvest within 2015 maize planting (every mu of average 800kg, univalent per kilogram 1.6 yuan) after winter Rhizoma Solani tuber osis.
Comparison 2: triennial total revenue 12460 yuan/mu.
Embodiment 2 implementation result: in November, 2015 harvests P. kingianum, every mu of average 2600kg fresh weight, and fresh weight unit price is every
Kilograms 30 yuan, triennial total revenue 78000 yuan/mu.
The implementation result of table 1 embodiment 1- embodiment 2
Above-mentioned enforcement shows:, in addition to saving shade and Folium Pini input, crop rotation Pseudobulbus Bletillae (Rhizoma Bletillae) or P. kingianum are than existing for the present invention
There is 65540 to 83540 yuan of technology crop rotation every mu of additional income of other crops, improve 6.55～8.35 times of income, create expectation
Less than technique effect.
Claims (2)
1. after Radix Notoginseng stubble, plantation likes the method for negative Chinese herbal medicine it is characterised in that comprising the following steps:
(1) when November～December harvesting Radix Notoginseng, by plantation Radix Notoginseng shelter from heat or light flat canopy or the shed that shelters from heat or light is opened, wait Radix Notoginseng garden mould
Earth water content reaches 9%～11%, when Radix Notoginseng plant does not have rain and dew, selects fine day excavation Radix Notoginseng, before excavation, will cover
Folium Pini recovery in notoginseng planting furrow face is deposited standby；
(2) after excavation Radix Notoginseng, the furrow face planting Radix Notoginseng is carried out plough deeply with a heatable brick bed and shines, proportioning mixed fertilizer is spread fertilizer over the fields in planting Radix Notoginseng
Furrow face, is then covered by thin film and carries out after soil disinfection sterilizes 20 days, removing thin film, then by the mixed fertilizer spread fertilizer over the fields and topsoil
Mix thoroughly, and again carry out managing furrow, the wide 120～140cm of furrow face, the wide 30～40cm of furrow ditch mouth, furrow ditch by the furrow face planting Radix Notoginseng
Bottom width 20～25cm, furrow ditch depth 24cm～26cm；
Described mixed fertilizer is by well-rotted farmyard manure: the mass ratio of lime nitrogen mixes for 30:1；
(3) after step (2) reason furrow, continue to open shelter from heat or light flat canopy or the extremely plantation happiness negative Chinese herbal medicine plant of the shed that shelters from heat or light solarization garden
During thing, by open shelter from heat or light flat canopy or the shed that shelters from heat or light covers again, the two-layer sunshade net that plantation Radix Notoginseng is used removes one
Layer, only retains the sunshade net of one layer of shading rate 75%；After covering sunshade net, in garden, the negative Chinese herbal medicine of furrow face plantation happiness is planted
The Folium Pini reclaiming is covered the furrow face in the negative Chinese herbal medicine of plantation happiness by thing simultaneously, happiness feminine gender Chinese herbal medicine routinely
Cultivate administration measure carries out field management to the happiness feminine gender Chinese herbal medicine of plantation.
2. the method that after Radix Notoginseng stubble according to claim 1, negative Chinese herbal medicine is liked in plantation, the negative medium-height grass of described happiness
Medicine plant is Pseudobulbus Bletillae (Rhizoma Bletillae) or P. kingianum.
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| CN109328946A (en) * | 2018-12-12 | 2019-02-15 | 重庆市中药研究院 | A kind of crop rotation ecology planting method of the coptis and Hupeh Fritillary Bulb, radix codonpsis tangshen |
| CN110073933A (en) * | 2019-06-17 | 2019-08-02 | 澜沧良宝生物科技有限公司 | A kind of interplanting method of bletilla and polygonatum kingianurn |
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| CN105766339A (en) * | 2016-03-31 | 2016-07-20 | 云南省农业科学院药用植物研究所 | Ecological planting method of panax notoginseng |
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| CN104221636A (en) * | 2013-06-09 | 2014-12-24 | *** | Planting method for increasing quality and yield of Chinese herbal medicines |
| CN103404343A (en) * | 2013-08-09 | 2013-11-27 | 云南省农业科学院药用植物研究所 | Processing method for shortening rotation cycle of panaxnotoginseng |
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| CN109328946A (en) * | 2018-12-12 | 2019-02-15 | 重庆市中药研究院 | A kind of crop rotation ecology planting method of the coptis and Hupeh Fritillary Bulb, radix codonpsis tangshen |
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