CN106258369A - A kind of Caulis Sacchari sinensis method for culturing seedlings of date of seeding ahead of time - Google Patents
A kind of Caulis Sacchari sinensis method for culturing seedlings of date of seeding ahead of time Download PDFInfo
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- CN106258369A CN106258369A CN201610658913.1A CN201610658913A CN106258369A CN 106258369 A CN106258369 A CN 106258369A CN 201610658913 A CN201610658913 A CN 201610658913A CN 106258369 A CN106258369 A CN 106258369A
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- sacchari sinensis
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G22/00—Cultivation of specific crops or plants not otherwise provided for
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Abstract
The present invention discloses the Caulis Sacchari sinensis method for culturing seedlings of a kind of date of seeding ahead of time, comprises the following steps: (1) substrate is sterilized；(2) sowing；(3) double films heat accelerating germination, heat moisturizing night；(4) manage after tri-leaf period: light filling regulation and control, seedling growth greenhouse ventilation, rich water quality management, the prevention and control of plant diseases, pest control, sick Seedling are removed with the weak Seedling of spy；(5) land for growing field crops is transplanted.The present invention solves the technical problems such as prior art late sowing late sowing, can do sth. in advance 30 45 days dates of seeding, and survival rate of seedling is high, and Caulis Sacchari sinensis rice shoot is healthy and strong, and cultivation cost is relatively low, improves Caulis Sacchari sinensis cross-breeding efficiency.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to crop seedling technical field, be specifically related to a kind of Caulis Sacchari sinensis method for culturing seedlings.
Background technology
Caulis Sacchari sinensis is a kind of annual or perennial Perenniporia martius herbaceous plant, belongs to C4 crop, is a kind of specular removal
Plant, light saturation point is high, and carbon dioxide compensation point is low, and light respiration rate is low, and rate of photosynthisis is big.Cane breeding needs sexual hybridization,
Breeding is then asexual propagation.Intravarietal every strain Caulis Sacchari sinensis all has identical genotype, unless accidentally undergone mutation.The world is each
The kind that state is bred as is the filial generation of 3-5 Caulis Sacchari sinensis original seed mostly, then carries out interbreed and the incubation that backcrosses, substantially
Being the recombinant of homogeneity genotype composition kind, therefore cause sugar cane breed inbreeding, hereditary basis is narrow, and blood relationship is close, causes
Cane breeding over nearly 30 years is made to have relatively quantum jump in aspect difficulties always such as yield, sugar and resistances.
Cane seedlings is the cultivating seeds seedling out of Caulis Sacchari sinensis sexual hybridization, owing to seed is little, cultivating process technology
Property is stronger. and cultivating and bad may cause whole death, cane seedlings is again the element task of cross-breeding, seedling breeding
Quality and speed, be directly connected to the implementation result of breeding plan.Cultivate healthy and strong good seedling in the short period of time, make
The inherited characteristic characteristic of Caulis Sacchari sinensis was fully manifested in the hybrid nursery stage, and the most conscientious screening, after directly influencing
Continuous system selects success to select improved seeds.At present, during the sowing of Caulis Sacchari sinensis seed (mid-March-mid-April), on the occasion of low temperature
Overcast and rainy season, night samming only 13-16 DEG C, and Caulis Sacchari sinensis seed is when less than 18 DEG C, germinates slowly, and seed rots many, rudiment
Rate is low.Often have to postpone the sowing time (mid-April-mid-May) of Caulis Sacchari sinensis hybridization seed, cause at the beginning of-8 months mid-Julys
Just can be transplanted into land for growing field crops, owing to field growth period is inadequate, the 3-4 month usually postponing till next year just can choose seeds, even only
Can directly cut down, root of staying overnight is observed, and selects until November next year-December could do perennial root, is delayed 1 year of breeding
Time, unfavorable to Caulis Sacchari sinensis selection cross.May-late June, rainwater is the most plentiful during this period of time, is cane seedlings field-transplanting
The optimal time, and July-August, rainwater was relatively fewer, is transplanted into land for growing field crops and must lay dropper or micro-spray so that seedling manages
Put into relatively big, add the management cost at Caulis Sacchari sinensis cross hybrid seedling field-transplanting initial stage, have impact on the efficiency of Caulis Sacchari sinensis selection cross, and
Greatly reduce Sugarcane Breeding and go out the probability of new varieties.
Summary of the invention
The Caulis Sacchari sinensis method for culturing seedlings of a kind of date of seeding ahead of time provided for the deficiencies in the prior art is provided, can
To overcome low temperature in night in seedling raising process, it is ventilated that daytime takes off film, adds mid or late Febuary to late March Caulis Sacchari sinensis nursery
Evening temperature, to some extent solves the impact that Caulis Sacchari sinensis cross hybrid seedling is cultivated by low temperature, and improves Caulis Sacchari sinensis cross-breeding
Effect and successful probability.
The Caulis Sacchari sinensis method for culturing seedlings of a kind of date of seeding ahead of time, comprises the following steps:
(1) substrate sterilization: prior to seeding, uses high-temp steam sterilizing 2 ~ 3h by seedling medium, and temperature controls 100 ~ 130 DEG C；
(2) sowing: mid or late Febuary to late March is sowed, loads the substrate after sterilization in Seeding box, compresses pressure with plate
Flat, it is placed in booth, Caulis Sacchari sinensis cenospecies grain is sown into Seeding box, then covers one layer of thin substrate, be advisable not exposing seed, water
Permeable；
(3) accelerating germination: before emerging during accelerating germination, uses double film to heat, adds Small plastic shed overlay film under greenhouse bottom again, keep seedling medium wet
Profit；Day temperature is higher, and under the double film of fine day, temperature can rise to about 40 DEG C, the highest, before midday after must open booth two ends,
Open Small plastic shed thin film ventilation 3-4 hour；Nursery in spring nocturnal temperature is low, lays carbon fiber heating tube in Small plastic shed overlay film,
Utilize humiture automatic controller, control nocturnal temperature at 28-32 DEG C；Caulis Sacchari sinensis cenospecies grain starts to sprout after sowing 3-5 days, goes out
After bud, the temperature in night controls at 20-25 DEG C；
(4) managing after tri-leaf period: grow SANYE after Caulis Sacchari sinensis cenospecies grain rudiment after 18-26 days, enter tri-leaf period, autotrophy transfers to different
Supporting, following measures need to be taked to promote, and Caulis Sacchari sinensis cross hybrid seedling grows:
A. seedling growth greenhouse ventilates: takes the thin film of booth and Small plastic shed off, carries out round-the-clock ventilation；Screening is taken off after removing thin film 3 ~ 5 days
Screened postive；
B. light filling regulation and control: before sunrise or post sunset carries out continuous light filling, utilizing automatic light-supplementing controller, light filling 2-6 is little for fine day
Time, meet mist, rain cloudy day whole day light filling；
C. rich water quality management: Caulis Sacchari sinensis cross hybrid seedling autotrophy becomes heterotrophism, starts to use a small amount of fertilizer, drenched every 4 ~ 6 days and executes 0.1-0.5%
Carbamide and compound fertilizer once；Just started twice employing leaf Seedling to spray, after be progressively transitioned into pouring and execute；
Moisture, is sprayed water by the automatic sprinkler fire-extinguishing system at booth top and irrigates, and the fine day upper and lower noon respectively sprays once, overcast and rainy can not
Spray；
D. the prevention and control of plant diseases, pest control: periodically sterilized with germicide spray every 10-12 days, mid-May, sprays dimehypo；
E. sick Seedling, special weak Seedling are removed: find that weak Seedling the most serious, special is removed in time.
(5) land for growing field crops is transplanted: during Caulis Sacchari sinensis cross hybrid seedling leaf age 6-7 sheet, straight snips blade, it is transplanted into Field planting, is preferably selected the moon
Survival after transplant after it or rain, waters foot and determines root water.
Preferred as technical scheme, in the present invention, seedling medium is pond sludge: table soil: fine sand=8:2:1.
Preferred as technical scheme, described step (2) controls each Seeding box 170-210 young plant.
Preferred as technical scheme, the specification of described big arch shed is 5 m × 40～50m, and height is 2.5～3m, encircles greatly
Canopy is with thin film and Shading net covering；Taking Small plastic shed in big arch shed, the specification of Small plastic shed is 90cm × 40～50m, highly 70～
75cm。
Preferred as technical scheme, described rich water quality management applies fertilizer when Caulis Sacchari sinensis cross hybrid seedling grows to tri-leaf period (6-8)
Material；Before drenching fertilising material, necessary first trickle, prevents burn seedlings.Water spraying time selects at 9-11 point or 16-17 point in afternoon in the morning.
Preferred as technical scheme, described antibacterial is 25% carbendazol wettable powder or the dilution of 600 ~ 800 times
50% wettable powder of 800～1000 times of thiophanates.
The compound fertilizer of the present invention is the nitrogen-phosphorus-potassium compound fertilizer that nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium content are respectively 10 15 15.
Preferred as technical scheme, it is the last ten-days period in May or the first tenday period of a month in June that described step (5) transplants the land for growing field crops time, and Caulis Sacchari sinensis is miscellaneous
Hand over Seedling leaf age to reach 6-7 leaf, start tiller, stem plant height 18cm-26cm.
The present invention does sth. in advance Caulis Sacchari sinensis date of seeding, then the temperature of seedling management, moisture, ventilation, illumination, fertilising, the prevention and control of plant diseases, pest control, disease
Seedling and the weak Seedling of spy are removed, and each step is all related to the success or not of nursery:
Temperature, moisture: during Caulis Sacchari sinensis presprouting of seeds, need the germination keeping higher temperature and humidity to ensure seed, germination
Afterwards, suitably reduce humiture, reduce the waste of resource.
Ventilate: during germination, Repiration needs a large amount of oxygen to Caulis Sacchari sinensis seed, gives certain ventilation in good time, permissible
Increase the oxygen needed for seed is breathed, take away the carbon dioxide of discharge.When cane seedlings grows to 3-5, take off seam from top
Film, moreover it is possible to temper cane seedlings lodging tolerance.
Illumination: to illumination not too much requirement during germination, after germination grows blade, gradually add intense light irradiation
Intensity, promotes the photosynthesis of Caulis Sacchari sinensis cross hybrid seedling, it is ensured that Caulis Sacchari sinensis cross hybrid seedling progressively grows tall, and prevents excessive growth from causing Caulis Sacchari sinensis cross hybrid seedling thin
Little.
Fertilising: cane seedlings growth be unable to do without fertilizer supply, the substrate of the present invention comprise Caulis Sacchari sinensis germination and
The various elements of growth needs, fertility is high, and the fertilizer efficiency time is long, and Caulis Sacchari sinensis Caulis Sacchari sinensis cross hybrid seedling grows to just need fertilising tri-leaf period, reduces
The use of fertilizer, has saved cost.
Not only need cane seedlings to grow tall, in addition it is also necessary to obtain healthy and strong seedling, while executing carbamide, add compound fertilizer,
Ensure that cane seedlings looks more healthy and stronger.
The prevention and control of plant diseases, pest control: the environment of warm moist easily grows pathogenic bacteria and insect, in good time gives certain ventilation and light
According to, it is possible to reduce the generation of pest and disease damage.After Caulis Sacchari sinensis seed grows leaf, pest and disease damage occurs the most therewith, especially will anti-thrips
Harm, examine, discovery i.e. pesticide, and pesticide, preventing and treating one are shone in spray in time.
Sick Seedling is removed with the weak Seedling of spy: remove susceptible weak Seedling serious, special in time, stops growth sky for other healthy Seedling growth
Between.
Beneficial effects of the present invention:
1, use the method for culturing seedlings of the present invention, then just can be with seeding and seedling raising in mid or late Febuary in early spring to late March, date of seeding ahead of time
30-45 days, the last ten-days period in May or the first tenday period of a month in June then just can transplant Field planting, effectively by sowing time and land for growing field crops seedling exercising
1 ~ 2 month in advance, shorten the follow-up good variety selection time, improve Breeding Efficiency.
2, the present invention uses double film to heat accelerating germination, regulates and controls temperature and the humidity at night simultaneously, substantially increases the effect of accelerating germination
Rate, solves the impact that Caulis Sacchari sinensis cross hybrid seedling is cultivated by low temperature.Cultivate 2～4 days ahead of time than routine and be unearthed；Emerge neat, emergence rate
Improve 27.3%；Having reached the purpose of power saving, its power consumption is only the 1/6 of conventional cultivating method, for big greenhouse high temperature (35 simultaneously
DEG C) accelerating germination 1/16.
3, the present invention utilizes double film heating technology, heats by carbon fiber heating at night, regulating and controlling temperature humidity；Utilize and mend
Light technology coordinates again reasonably takes off that film is ventilated, rich water quality management demand；Low temperature in night is overcome, to a certain degree in seedling raising process
On solve the impact that Caulis Sacchari sinensis cross hybrid seedling is cultivated by low temperature, not only survival rate of seedling is high, and Caulis Sacchari sinensis Seedling is healthy and strong, improves Caulis Sacchari sinensis
The effect of cross-breeding and successful probability.
4, the present invention just can need not directly be transplanted into land for growing field crops through heeling in, and saves a part of labour's goods and materials and heels in the time.
On the whole, it is advanced by 30-60 days field planting lands for growing field crops than conventional cultivating method, is greatly improved speed and the efficiency of nursery, and reaches
Purpose to nurturing staff.
5, the present invention has less investment, it is easy to constructs and manages, the feature of easy promotion and implementation.
Detailed description of the invention
Below by embodiment, the invention will be further described, but not as being limitation of the present invention.
Embodiment 1
The Caulis Sacchari sinensis method for culturing seedlings of a kind of date of seeding ahead of time, comprises the following steps:
(1) substrate sterilization: prior to seeding, seedling medium uses high-temp steam sterilizing 2 hours, temperature controls 121 DEG C；Nursery base
Matter is to use pond sludge: table soil: the ratio mixing of fine sand=8:2:1, broken, stirring is mixed thoroughly, and table soil is that earth's surface is the most native.
(2) sowing: late Febuary is sowed, loads the substrate after sterilization in Seeding box, presses and scrapes with plate, places
In booth, Caulis Sacchari sinensis cenospecies grain is sown into Seeding box, controls each Seeding box 170-210 young plant；Cover one layer of thin substrate again,
It is advisable not exposing seed, waters permeable.
A germination test can be done prior to seeding, in order to control each Seeding box (44.5 × 34.5 × 12cm) 170-210
Young plant, prevents from overstocked excessive growth thin and delicate and crosses to dredge increasing Seeding box number and workload；Control the Seedling number of each number of combinations, selected reliable
In the range of, both reduce soil cultivated area, and can correctly evaluate again combination and parent.
(3) accelerating germination: before emerging during accelerating germination, uses double film to heat, adds Small plastic shed overlay film again, keep nursery base under greenhouse bottom
Matter moistens；Under the double film of fine day, temperature can rise to about 40 DEG C, the highest, before midday after must open booth two ends, open little arch
Canopy thin film air 3-4h；Nursery in spring nocturnal temperature is low, lays carbon fiber heating tube, utilize warm and humid in Small plastic shed overlay film
Degree automatic controller, controls nocturnal temperature at 28-30 DEG C；Daytime makes full use of natural sunlight and heats, and reduces energy consumption, keeps air
Humidity and seedling medium moisten, and carry out quick pregermination.Caulis Sacchari sinensis cenospecies grain starts to sprout after sowing 3-5 days, night after sprouting
Temperature controls at 23-25 DEG C；
Preparation in advance: nursery shed builds in advance, takes the pattern of Small plastic shed in using big arch shed, the specification of big arch shed is
5 m × 40m, height is 2.5m, and big arch shed is with thin film and Shading net covering；Small plastic shed is taken, the specification of Small plastic shed in big arch shed
For 90cm × 40m, highly 70cm, cover film on Small plastic shed.
Lay circuit at booth top, away from seedbed 1.2～1.5m, every 2～3m, one light supplementing lamp for plants, merit are installed
Rate 50w, and use Intelligent fixed time socket, accurately control the light filling time, time saving and energy saving.Circuit is laid, little at Small plastic shed top
Filling the aluminum basin one of 4/5 water in placing at 8～10m in shed, on it, 2～3cm install a carbon fiber heating tube,
Power 500w, connects humiture automatic controller, it is achieved accurately heat and moisture preserving, time saving and energy saving safety.
(4) managing after tri-leaf period: grow SANYE after Caulis Sacchari sinensis cenospecies grain rudiment after 18-22 days, enter tri-leaf period, autotrophy turns
For heterotrophism, following measures need to be taked to promote, and Caulis Sacchari sinensis cross hybrid seedling grows:
A. seedling growth greenhouse ventilates: takes the thin film of booth and Small plastic shed off, carries out round-the-clock ventilation；Sunshade is taken off after removing thin film 5 days
Net；
B. light filling regulation and control: before sunrise or post sunset carries out continuous light filling, reach the suitableeest light irradiation time, utilize automatic light-supplementing control
Device, fine day light filling 4-6 hour, meet mist, rain cloudy day whole day light filling；
C. rich water quality management: Caulis Sacchari sinensis cross hybrid seedling autotrophy becomes heterotrophism, Caulis Sacchari sinensis cross hybrid seedling grows to start during 6-8 to use a small amount of fertilizer,
Every 5 days drench execute 0.5% carbamide and compound fertilizer once；Just started twice employing foliage-spray, after be progressively transitioned into pouring and execute；
Before drenching fertilising material, necessary first trickle, prevents burn seedlings.Compound fertilizer is the N P and K that nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium content are respectively 10 15 15
Compound fertilizer.
Moisture, is sprayed water by the automatic sprinkler fire-extinguishing system at booth top, irrigates；The fine day upper and lower noon respectively sprays once, and fine day sprays
Water selection of time, at 9-11 point or 16-17 point in afternoon in the morning, overcast and rainy is not sprayed.
D. the prevention and control of plant diseases, pest control: every 10 days periodically with the 25% carbendazol wettable powder spray disinfection of 600 ~ 800 times, 5
In the middle of the month, spray dimehypo.
E. sick Seedling, special weak Seedling are removed: find that weak Seedling the most serious, special is removed in time.
(5) transplanting land for growing field crops: Caulis Sacchari sinensis cross hybrid seedling leaf age 6-7 sheet, Caulis Sacchari sinensis cross hybrid seedling starts tiller, during plant height 18cm-20cm, flat
Leaf-cutting sheet, the time is to be transplanted into Field planting the last ten-days period in May, water foot and determine root water.Field-transplanting survival rate is 92%
The method for culturing seedlings of the present invention and conventional cultural method are carried out contrast test, germination contrast table such as table 1:
The Seedling number that 1 two kinds of table processes compares
The method for culturing seedlings of the present invention is cultivated 2～4 days ahead of time to germinate than routine and is unearthed；Emerging neat, emergence rate improves 27.3%；With
Time also power saving, energy efficient, its power consumption is only the 1/6 of conventional cultivating method, for the 1/16 of big greenhouse high temperature (35 DEG C) accelerating germination.
Embodiment 2
The Caulis Sacchari sinensis method for culturing seedlings of a kind of date of seeding ahead of time, comprises the following steps:
(1) substrate sterilization: prior to seeding, seedling medium uses high-temp steam sterilizing 2 hours, temperature controls 130 DEG C；Nursery base
Matter is to use pond sludge: table soil: the ratio mixing of fine sand=8:2:1, broken, stirring is mixed thoroughly, and table soil is that earth's surface is the most native.
(2) sowing: late March is sowed, loads the substrate after sterilization in Seeding box, presses and scrapes with plate, places
In booth, Caulis Sacchari sinensis cenospecies grain is sown into Seeding box, controls each Seeding box 170-210 young plant；Cover one layer of thin substrate again,
It is advisable not exposing seed, waters permeable.
A germination test can be done prior to seeding, in order to control each Seeding box (44.5 × 34.5 × 12cm) 170-210
Young plant, prevents from overstocked excessive growth thin and delicate and crosses to dredge increasing Seeding box number and workload；Control the Seedling number of each number of combinations, selected reliable
In the range of, both reduce soil cultivated area, and can correctly evaluate again combination and parent.
(3) accelerating germination: before emerging during accelerating germination, uses double film to heat, adds Small plastic shed overlay film again, keep nursery base under greenhouse bottom
Matter moistens；Day temperature is higher, and under the double film of fine day, temperature can rise to about 40 DEG C, the highest, before midday after must open booth
Two ends, open Small plastic shed thin film air 3h；Nursery in spring nocturnal temperature is low, lays carbon fiber heating in Small plastic shed overlay film
Pipe, utilizes humiture automatic controller, controls nocturnal temperature at 20-32 DEG C；Daytime makes full use of natural sunlight and heats, and reduces energy
Consumption, keeps air humidity and seedling medium to moisten, carries out quick pregermination.Caulis Sacchari sinensis cenospecies grain starts to sprout after sowing 3-5 days, goes out
After bud, the temperature in night controls at 23-25 DEG C；
Preparation in advance: nursery shed builds in advance, takes the pattern of Small plastic shed in using big arch shed, the specification of big arch shed is
5 m × 50m, height is 3m, and big arch shed is with thin film and Shading net covering；Taking Small plastic shed in big arch shed, the specification of Small plastic shed is
90cm × 50m, highly 75cm, cover film on Small plastic shed.
Lay circuit at booth top, away from seedbed 1.5～1.2m, every 2～3m, one light supplementing lamp for plants, merit are installed
Rate 50w, and use Intelligent fixed time socket, accurately control the light filling time, time saving and energy saving.Circuit is laid, little at Small plastic shed top
Filling the aluminum basin one of 4/5 water in placing at 8～10m in shed, on it, 2～3cm install a carbon fiber heating tube,
Power 500w, connects humiture automatic controller, it is achieved accurately heat and moisture preserving, time saving and energy saving safety.
(4) managing after tri-leaf period: grow SANYE after Caulis Sacchari sinensis cenospecies grain rudiment after 22-26 days, enter tri-leaf period, autotrophy turns
For heterotrophism, following measures need to be taked to promote, and Caulis Sacchari sinensis cross hybrid seedling grows:
A. seedling growth greenhouse ventilates: takes the thin film of booth and Small plastic shed off, carries out round-the-clock ventilation；Sunshade is taken off after removing thin film 4 days
Net；
B. light filling regulation and control: before sunrise or post sunset carries out continuous light filling, reach the suitableeest light irradiation time, utilize automatic light-supplementing control
Device, fine day light filling 2-4 hour, meet mist, rain cloudy day whole day light filling；
C. rich water quality management: Caulis Sacchari sinensis cross hybrid seedling autotrophy becomes heterotrophism, Caulis Sacchari sinensis cross hybrid seedling grows to start during 6-8 to use a small amount of fertilizer,
Every 4 days drench execute 0.1% carbamide and compound fertilizer once；Just started twice employing leaf Seedling to spray, after be progressively transitioned into pouring and execute；
Before drenching fertilising material, necessary first trickle, prevents burn seedlings.Compound fertilizer is the N P and K that nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium content are respectively 10 15 15
Compound fertilizer.
Moisture, is sprayed water by the automatic sprinkler fire-extinguishing system at booth top, irrigates；The fine day upper and lower noon respectively sprays once, and fine day sprays
Water selection of time, at 9-11 point or 16-17 point in afternoon in the morning, overcast and rainy is not sprayed.
D. the prevention and control of plant diseases, pest control: every 12 days periodically with 50% wettable powder spraying of 800～1000 times of thiophanates of dilution
Sterilization, mid-May, sprays dimehypo.
E. sick Seedling, special weak Seedling are removed: find that weak Seedling the most serious, special is removed in time.
(5) transplanting land for growing field crops: Caulis Sacchari sinensis cross hybrid seedling leaf age 6-7 sheet, Caulis Sacchari sinensis cross hybrid seedling starts tiller, during plant height 24cm-26cm,
Straight snips blade, is transplanted into Field planting the first tenday period of a month in June, waters foot and determines root water.Field-transplanting survival rate is 91.5%
Embodiment 3
The Caulis Sacchari sinensis method for culturing seedlings of a kind of date of seeding ahead of time, comprises the following steps:
(1) substrate sterilization: prior to seeding, seedling medium uses high-temp steam sterilizing 2.5 hours, temperature controls 100 DEG C；Nursery
Substrate is to use pond sludge: table soil: the ratio mixing of fine sand=8:2:1, broken, stirring is mixed thoroughly, and table soil is that earth's surface is the most native.
(2) sowing: early March is sowed, loads the substrate after sterilization in Seeding box and presses and scrapes with plate, be placed on
In booth, Caulis Sacchari sinensis cenospecies grain is sown into Seeding box, controls each Seeding box 170-210 young plant；Cover one layer of thin substrate again, with
Do not expose seed to be advisable, water permeable.
A germination test can be done prior to seeding, in order to control each Seeding box (44.5 × 34.5 × 12cm) 170-210
Young plant, prevents from overstocked excessive growth thin and delicate and crosses to dredge increasing Seeding box number and workload；Control the Seedling number of each number of combinations, selected reliable
In the range of, both reduce soil cultivated area, and can correctly evaluate again combination and parent.
(3) accelerating germination: before emerging during accelerating germination, uses double film to heat, adds Small plastic shed overlay film again, keep nursery base under greenhouse bottom
Matter moistens；Day temperature is higher, and under the double film of fine day, temperature can rise to about 40 DEG C, the highest, before midday after must open booth
Two ends, open Small plastic shed thin film air 4h；Nursery in spring nocturnal temperature is low, lays carbon fiber heating in Small plastic shed overlay film
Pipe, utilizes humiture automatic controller, controls nocturnal temperature at 28-32 DEG C；Daytime makes full use of natural sunlight and heats, and reduces energy
Consumption, keeps air humidity and seedling medium to moisten, carries out quick pregermination.Caulis Sacchari sinensis cenospecies grain starts to sprout after sowing 3-5 days, goes out
After bud, the temperature in night controls at 20-25 DEG C；
Preparation in advance: nursery shed builds in advance, takes the pattern of Small plastic shed in using big arch shed, the specification of big arch shed is
5 m × 45m, height is 2.5m, and big arch shed is with thin film and Shading net covering；Small plastic shed is taken, the specification of Small plastic shed in big arch shed
For 90cm × 45m, highly 70cm, cover film on Small plastic shed.
Circuit is laid at booth top, from the 1.2m of seedbed away from, every 2m one light supplementing lamp for plants of installation, power 50w, and
Use Intelligent fixed time socket, accurately control the light filling time, time saving and energy saving.Circuit is laid at Small plastic shed top, every in Small plastic shed
Filling the aluminum basin one of 4/5 water in placing at 10m, on it, 2～3cm install a carbon fiber heating tube, power 500w, connect
Connect humiture automatic controller, it is achieved accurately heat and moisture preserving, time saving and energy saving safety.
(4) managing after tri-leaf period: grow SANYE after Caulis Sacchari sinensis cenospecies grain rudiment after 20-24 days, enter tri-leaf period, autotrophy turns
For heterotrophism, following measures need to be taked to promote, and Caulis Sacchari sinensis cross hybrid seedling grows:
A. seedling growth greenhouse ventilates: takes the thin film of booth and Small plastic shed off, carries out round-the-clock ventilation；Sunshade is taken off after removing thin film 3 days
Net；
B. light filling regulation and control: before sunrise or post sunset carries out continuous light filling, reach the suitableeest light irradiation time, utilize automatic light-supplementing control
Device, fine day light filling 3-4 hour, meet mist, rain cloudy day whole day light filling；
C. rich water quality management: Caulis Sacchari sinensis cross hybrid seedling autotrophy becomes heterotrophism, Caulis Sacchari sinensis cross hybrid seedling grows to start during 6-8 to use a small amount of fertilizer,
Every 5 days drench execute 0.3% carbamide and compound fertilizer once；Just started twice employing leaf Seedling to spray, after be progressively transitioned into pouring and execute；
Before drenching fertilising material, necessary first trickle, prevents burn seedlings.Compound fertilizer is the N P and K that nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium content are respectively 10 15 15
Compound fertilizer.
Moisture, is sprayed water by the automatic sprinkler fire-extinguishing system at booth top, irrigates；The fine day upper and lower noon respectively sprays once, and fine day sprays
Water selection of time, at 9-11 point or 16-17 point in afternoon in the morning, overcast and rainy is not sprayed.
D. the prevention and control of plant diseases, pest control: every 11 days periodically with the 25% carbendazol wettable powder spray disinfection of 800 times, in 5 months
In ten days, spray dimehypo.
E. sick Seedling, special weak Seedling are removed: find that weak Seedling the most serious, special is removed in time.
(5) transplanting land for growing field crops: Caulis Sacchari sinensis cross hybrid seedling leaf age 6-7 sheet, Caulis Sacchari sinensis cross hybrid seedling starts tiller, during plant height 18cm-26cm, flat
Leaf-cutting sheet, is transplanted into Field planting the last ten-days period in May, waters foot and determines root water.Field-transplanting survival rate is 97%
Embodiment 4
The Caulis Sacchari sinensis method for culturing seedlings of a kind of date of seeding ahead of time, comprises the following steps:
(1) substrate sterilization: prior to seeding, seedling medium uses high-temp steam sterilizing 3 hours, temperature controls 120 DEG C；Nursery base
Matter is to use pond sludge: table soil: the ratio mixing of fine sand=8:2:1, broken, stirring is mixed thoroughly, and table soil is that earth's surface is the most native.
(2) sowing: mid-February is sowed, loads the substrate after sterilization in Seeding box, presses and scrapes with plate, places
In booth, Caulis Sacchari sinensis cenospecies grain is sown into Seeding box, controls each Seeding box 170-210 young plant；Cover one layer of thin substrate again,
It is advisable not exposing seed, waters permeable.
A germination test can be done prior to seeding, in order to control each Seeding box (44.5 × 34.5 × 12cm) 170-210
Young plant, prevents from overstocked excessive growth thin and delicate and crosses to dredge increasing Seeding box number and workload；Control the Seedling number of each number of combinations, selected reliable
In the range of, both reduce soil cultivated area, and can correctly evaluate again combination and parent.
(3) accelerating germination: before emerging during accelerating germination, uses double film to heat, adds Small plastic shed overlay film again, keep nursery base under greenhouse bottom
Matter moistens；Under the double film of fine day, temperature can rise to about 40 DEG C, the highest, before midday after must open booth two ends, open little arch
Canopy thin film air 3-4h；Nursery in spring nocturnal temperature is low, lays carbon fiber heating tube, utilize warm and humid in Small plastic shed overlay film
Degree automatic controller, controls nocturnal temperature at 28-30 DEG C；Daytime makes full use of natural sunlight and heats, and reduces energy consumption, keeps air
Humidity and seedling medium moisten, and carry out quick pregermination.Caulis Sacchari sinensis cenospecies grain starts to sprout after sowing 3-5 days, night after sprouting
Temperature controls at 20-22 DEG C；
Preparation in advance: nursery shed builds in advance, takes the pattern of Small plastic shed in using big arch shed, the specification of big arch shed is
5 m × 40m, height is 3m, and big arch shed is with thin film and Shading net covering；Taking Small plastic shed in big arch shed, the specification of Small plastic shed is
90cm × 40m, highly 75cm, cover film on Small plastic shed.
Circuit is laid at booth top, from the 1.2m of seedbed away from, every 3m one light supplementing lamp for plants of installation, power 50w, and
Use Intelligent fixed time socket, accurately control the light filling time, time saving and energy saving.Circuit is laid at Small plastic shed top, every in Small plastic shed
Filling the aluminum basin one of 4/5 water in placing at 8～10m, on it, 2～3cm install a carbon fiber heating tube, power
500w, connects humiture automatic controller, it is achieved accurately heat and moisture preserving, time saving and energy saving safety.
(4) managing after tri-leaf period: grow SANYE after Caulis Sacchari sinensis cenospecies grain rudiment after 22-26 days, enter tri-leaf period, autotrophy turns
For heterotrophism, following measures need to be taked to promote, and Caulis Sacchari sinensis cross hybrid seedling grows:
A. seedling growth greenhouse ventilates: takes the thin film of booth and Small plastic shed off, carries out round-the-clock ventilation；Sunshade is taken off after removing thin film 4 days
Net；
B. light filling regulation and control: before sunrise or post sunset carries out continuous light filling, reach the suitableeest light irradiation time, utilize automatic light-supplementing control
Device, fine day light filling 5-6 hour, meet mist, rain cloudy day whole day light filling；
C. rich water quality management: Caulis Sacchari sinensis cross hybrid seedling autotrophy becomes heterotrophism, Caulis Sacchari sinensis cross hybrid seedling grows to start during 6-8 to use a small amount of fertilizer,
Every 4 days drench execute 0.2% carbamide and compound fertilizer once；Just started twice employing leaf Seedling to spray, after be progressively transitioned into pouring and execute；
Before drenching fertilising material, necessary first trickle, prevents burn seedlings.Compound fertilizer is the N P and K that nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium content are respectively 10 15 15
Compound fertilizer.
Moisture, is sprayed water by the automatic sprinkler fire-extinguishing system at booth top, irrigates；The fine day upper and lower noon respectively sprays once, and fine day sprays
Water selection of time, at 9-11 point or 16-17 point in afternoon in the morning, overcast and rainy is not sprayed.
D. the prevention and control of plant diseases, pest control: the regular 50% wettable powder spray disinfection with 1000 times of thiophanates of dilution every 10 days, 5
In the middle of the month, spray dimehypo.
E. sick Seedling, special weak Seedling are removed: find that weak Seedling the most serious, special is removed in time.
(5) transplanting land for growing field crops: Caulis Sacchari sinensis cross hybrid seedling leaf age 6-7 sheet, Caulis Sacchari sinensis cross hybrid seedling starts tiller, during plant height 18cm-26cm, flat
Leaf-cutting sheet, is transplanted into Field planting the last ten-days period in May, waters foot and determines root water.Field-transplanting survival rate is 94.5%.
Claims (9)
1. the Caulis Sacchari sinensis method for culturing seedlings doing sth. in advance date of seeding, it is characterised in that: comprise the following steps:
(1) substrate sterilization: prior to seeding, uses high-temp steam sterilizing 2 ~ 3h by seedling medium, and temperature controls 100 ~ 130 DEG C；
(2) sowing: mid or late Febuary to late March is sowed, loads the substrate after sterilization in Seeding box, compresses pressure with plate
Flat, it is placed in booth, Caulis Sacchari sinensis cenospecies grain is sown into Seeding box, then covers one layer of thin substrate, be advisable not exposing seed, water
Permeable；
(3) accelerating germination: before emerging during accelerating germination, uses double film to heat, adds Small plastic shed overlay film under greenhouse bottom again, keep seedling medium wet
Profit；Day temperature is higher, and noon section must open booth two ends, opens Small plastic shed thin film ventilation 3-4 hour；Spring nursery night
Between temperature low, in Small plastic shed overlay film, lay carbon fiber heating tube, utilize humiture automatic controller, control nocturnal temperature and exist
28-32℃；Caulis Sacchari sinensis cenospecies grain starts to sprout after sowing 3-5 days, and after sprouting, the temperature in night controls at 20-25 DEG C；
(4) managing after tri-leaf period: grow SANYE after Caulis Sacchari sinensis cenospecies grain rudiment after 18-26 days, enter tri-leaf period, autotrophy transfers to different
Supporting, following measures need to be taked to promote, and Caulis Sacchari sinensis cross hybrid seedling grows:
A. seedling growth greenhouse ventilates: takes the thin film of booth and Small plastic shed off, carries out round-the-clock ventilation；Screening is taken off after removing thin film 3 ~ 5 days
Screened postive；
B. light filling regulation and control: before sunrise or post sunset carries out continuous light filling, utilizing automatic light-supplementing controller, light filling 2-6 is little for fine day
Time, meet mist, rain cloudy day whole day light filling；
C. rich water quality management: Caulis Sacchari sinensis cross hybrid seedling autotrophy becomes heterotrophism, starts to use a small amount of fertilizer, drenched every 4 ~ 6 days and executes 0.1-0.5%
Carbamide and compound fertilizer once；Just started twice employing foliage-spray, after be progressively transitioned into pouring and execute；Moisture, by big ceiling
The automatic sprinkler fire-extinguishing system water spray in portion irrigates, and the fine day upper and lower noon respectively sprays once, overcast and rainy can not spray；
D. the prevention and control of plant diseases, pest control: periodically sterilized with germicide spray every 10-12 days, mid-May, sprays dimehypo；
E. sick Seedling, special weak Seedling are removed: find that weak Seedling the most serious, special is removed in time；
(5) land for growing field crops is transplanted: during Caulis Sacchari sinensis cross hybrid seedling leaf age 6-7 sheet, straight snips blade, it is transplanted into Field planting, waters foot and determine root water.
Do sth. in advance the Caulis Sacchari sinensis method for culturing seedlings of date of seeding the most according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: described seedling medium is pond sludge:
Table soil: fine sand=8:2:1.
Do sth. in advance the Caulis Sacchari sinensis method for culturing seedlings of date of seeding the most according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: described step (2) controls each
Seeding box 170-210 young plant.
Do sth. in advance the Caulis Sacchari sinensis method for culturing seedlings of date of seeding the most according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: the specification of described big arch shed is 5
M × 40～50m, height is 2.5～3m, and big arch shed is with thin film and Shading net covering；Small plastic shed is taken in big arch shed, Small plastic shed
Specification is 90cm × 40～50m, highly 70～75cm.
Do sth. in advance the Caulis Sacchari sinensis method for culturing seedlings of date of seeding the most according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: described rich water quality management water spraying time
Select at 9-11 point or 16-17 point in afternoon in the morning.
Do sth. in advance the Caulis Sacchari sinensis method for culturing seedlings of date of seeding the most according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: described rich water quality management drenches fertilising
Before material, necessary first trickle, prevents burn seedlings.
Do sth. in advance the Caulis Sacchari sinensis method for culturing seedlings of date of seeding the most according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: described antibacterial is 600 ~ 800
25% carbendazol wettable powder again or 50% wettable powder of 800～1000 times of thiophanates of dilution.
Do sth. in advance the Caulis Sacchari sinensis method for culturing seedlings of date of seeding the most according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: described compound fertilizer is nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium
Content is respectively the nitrogen-phosphorus-potassium compound fertilizer of 10 15 15.
Do sth. in advance the Caulis Sacchari sinensis method for culturing seedlings of date of seeding the most according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: described step (5) transplants land for growing field crops
Time is the last ten-days period in May or the first tenday period of a month in June, and Caulis Sacchari sinensis cross hybrid seedling leaf age reaches 6-7 leaf, starts tiller, stem plant height 18cm-26cm.
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Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN107046979A (en) * | 2017-03-06 | 2017-08-18 | 广西壮族自治区亚热带作物研究所 | A kind of method for planting cassava ahead of time |
| CN107466644A (en) * | 2017-08-28 | 2017-12-15 | 广西南亚热带农业科学研究所 | A kind of culturing sugarcane seedlings method |
| CN108012794A (en) * | 2017-12-05 | 2018-05-11 | 湖北黄仙洞葛业食品有限公司 | A kind of pueraria lobata implantation methods |
| CN112166990A (en) * | 2020-09-23 | 2021-01-05 | 广西南亚热带农业科学研究所 | Sugarcane seedling cultivation method |
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| CN105660099A (en) * | 2016-01-12 | 2016-06-15 | 广西南亚热带农业科学研究所 | Sugarcane seedling culture method |
| CN105830710A (en) * | 2016-04-06 | 2016-08-10 | 云南省农业科学院甘蔗研究所 | Green, sustainable and high-yield planting method of sugarcane |
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| CN101731076A (en) * | 2008-11-14 | 2010-06-16 | 宋恒福 | Out-of-season fruit sugarcane cultured in sunlight greenhouse |
| CN103988665A (en) * | 2014-04-29 | 2014-08-20 | 陆佳乾 | Sugar cane planting method |
| CN105265154A (en) * | 2015-11-09 | 2016-01-27 | 陈卫 | Sugarcane planting method |
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| CN107046979A (en) * | 2017-03-06 | 2017-08-18 | 广西壮族自治区亚热带作物研究所 | A kind of method for planting cassava ahead of time |
| CN107466644A (en) * | 2017-08-28 | 2017-12-15 | 广西南亚热带农业科学研究所 | A kind of culturing sugarcane seedlings method |
| CN108012794A (en) * | 2017-12-05 | 2018-05-11 | 湖北黄仙洞葛业食品有限公司 | A kind of pueraria lobata implantation methods |
| CN112166990A (en) * | 2020-09-23 | 2021-01-05 | 广西南亚热带农业科学研究所 | Sugarcane seedling cultivation method |
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Application publication date: 20170104 Assignee: Guangxi Guinong Precision Farming Agricultural Technology Service Co.,Ltd. Assignor: SOUTH ASIAN TROPICAL AGRICULTURAL SCIENCE Research Institute OF GUANGXI Contract record no.: X2022450000274 Denomination of invention: A Method of Raising Sugarcane Seedlings with Early Sowing Date Granted publication date: 20200204 License type: Common License Record date: 20221207 |