Wedge-type wheel brake assembly
Technical field
The invention belongs to automotive brake fields.
Background technique
Important component of the brake as automobile, concerning vehicle performance and traffic safety.Automobile is generally divided into disc type brake
Device and two kinds of drum brake.For drum brake, automobile brake steps on brake pedal mainly by driver, system
Hydrodynamic forces transmitting is supplied to wheel cylinder, struts brake-shoe, and shoe brake rubs with brake drum, generates brake force.Work as driving
After member's releasing of brake pedal, the pressure in brake wheel cylinder disappears, shoe brake return.
Number of patent application is the patent of invention of CN201220293359.9, discloses a kind of light stamping weldering shoes drum brake
Device, including air chamber support, back-plate, two punching-welding shoe iron with gas chamber, the two punching-welding shoes iron one end passes through support shaft
It rotates and connects with back-plate, air chamber support is fixedly connected with back-plate, further includes differing with fixed on the outside of punching-welding shoe iron
Thick friction plate, the rotatable camshaft for acting on two punching-welding shoe iron the other end on back-plate and it is connected to two
The return spring for resetting distracted punching-welding shoe iron of punching-welding shoe iron end, the camshaft is by adjusting arm and gas chamber phase
Even.
Above-mentioned patent improves braking efficiency to a certain extent, but still haves the defects that following tripartite face:
1, reliability is not high: brake or emergency braking when load is heavier or long descending, often braking retardation, braking
Distance is longer, or return is not thorough and causes to drag brake after braking, and there are major safety risks.
2, the weight of brake is big, leads to vehicle fuel consumption height.
3, brake in braking, realize with brake drum phase mutual friction and brake by friction plate, generates amount of heat, so that braking
The service life of device substantially reduces.
4, by prolonged use, the abrasion of cam causes braking effect poor than more serious.
Therefore, it is badly in need of the novel drum brake technology of one kind and promotes brake to solve the defect of above-mentioned brake
It is fast-developing.
Summary of the invention
The purpose of the present invention is to provide a kind of wedge-type wheel brake assemblies, to improve the braking reliability of brake.
In order to achieve the above object, base case of the invention provides a kind of wedge-type wheel brake assembly, including braking
Bottom plate, brake-shoe, friction plate and brake drum, the friction plate are fixed on the inner surface of brake-shoe, the brake-shoe and brake drum
Outer surface match, the brake-shoe include two left brake-shoes and two right braking hoofs, one end of two left brake-shoes it is equal
Hinged with back-plate by backing pin shaft, it is hinged with back-plate that one end of two right braking hoofs passes through backing pin shaft, adjacent
It is equipped with return springs on left brake-shoe and right braking hoof, and is equipped with guide pad on left brake-shoe and right braking hoof, it is adjacent
Guide pad between on be connected with expander, the guide pad is equipped with wedge groove, further includes tapered shaft and for driving wedge shape
The pneumatic mechanism of bar, the tapered shaft match with wedge groove.
The principle of this base case is: when braking, starting pneumatic mechanism, pneumatic mechanism drives tapered shaft mobile.Due to
Tapered shaft matches with wedge groove, so tapered shaft can push left brake-shoe and right braking hoof to rotate, so that left brake-shoe and the right side
Brake-shoe inwardly collapses, to realize braking.When without braking, the pressure in pneumatic mechanism is reduced, in the work of return springs
Under, so that left brake-shoe, right braking hoof homing, stop braking.
The beneficial effect of this base case is: compared with traditional brake, this programme passes through wedge groove and tapered shaft
Cooperation, it is only necessary to pneumatic mechanism work, that is, may make left brake-shoe and right braking hoof to work at the same time so that brake response speed
Faster, the pressure that gas chamber passes out is acted directly on brake-shoe degree by tapered shaft, and braking effect is more preferable, and energy loss is very
It is low, the high reliablity of braking.
By experimental verification, the more traditional brake ability of this scheme improves 30% or more.Such structure is not needing
Structures, the weight such as direct arm, camshaft, the straight frame of gas chamber, camshaft, dust cover is adjusted to mitigate significantly;Brake-shoe, back-plate and
Expander ontology is all made of aluminum alloy material and substitutes traditional Q450-10 material, and construction weight also mitigates significantly, greatly realizes
Lightweight.This structure is for every vehicle bridge, at least loss of weight 50Kg or more.So having great economic value and promotion price
Value.
This structure reduces the link of energy conversion, to reduce due to being that gas chamber acts directly on brake-shoe
30% or more braking ability can be improved in energy loss.This programme passes through the cooperation of guide pad and tapered shaft, it is only necessary to pneumatic mechanism work
Make, that is, left brake-shoe and right braking hoof may make to work at the same time, so that the response speed of brake is faster, braking effect is more preferable,
The high reliablity of braking.
Scheme two: this is the preferred of basic scheme, and the friction plate is the friction plate of not uniform thickness.Traditional uniform thickness friction plate
Have the shortcomings that abrasion storage level is small, residual volume is big, for stock utilization 40% or so, customer using cost is high, and causes
The huge wasting of resources and environmental pollution.After not uniform thickness friction plate, the friction material of equivalent weight, service life can prolong
Long 50%, stock utilization improves 25% or more, the use cost of user can be greatly lowered, social benefit is obvious.
Scheme three: this is preferred for scheme two, and the friction plate is at backing pin shaft to the thickness far from backing pin shaft along branch
The involute of pin shaft gradually thickens.The friction plate of the design is suitable for the brake in this programme, and fitting effect is more preferable, if
It counts more reasonable.
Scheme four: this is preferred for scheme three, and the back-plate and brake-shoe are that aluminium alloy is made.
For this programme under the premise of guaranteeing that performance is not less than traditional material, brake-shoe and back-plate are all made of high-intensitive aluminium
Alloy material substitutes tradition QT450-10 material, greatly realizes structure lightened, thus oil consumption is low, with high economy
Value.It is calculated by each car 4-6 root vehicle bridge, each car at least can loss of weight 100Kg.Weight saving directly generates oil-saving effect: pressing
Average every kilometer of 1.5 liters of oil consumption, annual 50000 kilometers of race, fuel-economizing ratio are calculated by 5%, each car at least fuel-economizing 3750 every year
It rises;By 10,000,000 calculating of domestic vehicles sum, 37,500,000,000 liters can be saved every year, the direct economic benefit of generation is up to every year
More than 200 hundred million or more.
Compared with traditional drum brake assembly, this programme is that traditional black gold is substituted with non-ferrous metal (aluminium alloy)
Belong to (spheroidal graphite cast-iron), while also saving oil consumption, reduces motor vehicle exhaust emission, thus safety and environmental protection.
Scheme five: this is preferred for scheme three, and the tapered shaft is equipped with idler wheel.It is direct with wedge groove relative to tapered shaft
The frictional force of cooperation, idler wheel and wedge groove is smaller, on the one hand, increases the response speed of entire brake, on the other hand, also keeps away
Exempt from largely to rub between tapered shaft and wedge groove and generate amount of heat and bond together, and then leads to brake fade.
Scheme six: this is preferred for scheme three, further includes auxiliary elastic member, the auxiliary elastic member is connected to two brakings
Between hoof.When return springs failure, auxiliary elastic member works on, and guarantees the timely return of brake-shoe.
Scheme seven: this is preferred for scheme three, and the brake-shoe includes transverse slat and the stringer board that is fixed on transverse slat, the cross
Reinforcing rib is equipped between plate and stringer board.It is additionally arranged reinforcing rib on brake-shoe, ensure that braking ability safely may be used from structure
It leans on.
Scheme eight: this is preferred for scheme seven, and the transverse slat is equipped with thermovent, and the stringer board is equipped with the first heat dissipation
Hole.On the one hand, the heat that thermovent and the first heat release hole can facilitate friction plate to generate sheds rapidly, to reduce the temperature of brake
Degree, increases the service life of friction plate;On the other hand, after thermovent and the first heat release hole being arranged, material needed for brake-shoe subtracts
It is few, so that the weight of brake-shoe is reduced, further reduce the weight of entire brake.
Scheme nine: this is preferred for scheme seven, further includes dust cover, the dust cover is fixed on back-plate, described
Dust cover includes left dust cover and right dust cover, and the left dust cover and right dust cover are removably attachable to back-plate
On.Dust cover is made of left dust cover and right dust cover two parts, and when installation is more convenient.And left dust cover and right dust cover are equal
It is removably attachable on back-plate, then disassembles the ash for clear up and being infected on left dust cover and right dust cover at any time
Dirt.
Scheme ten: this is preferred for scheme nine, and the left dust cover or right dust cover are equipped with the second heat release hole.Second dissipates
The setting of hot hole between the first heat release hole, heat release hole and the second heat release hole so that be interconnected, so that the air in brake is more
For smoothness, heat dissipation effect is more preferable.And if army on left dust cover or right dust cover is equipped with the second heat release hole, radiator fan turns
When dynamic, it is easy to produce turbulent flow, wind direction has some setbacks.Meanwhile second heat release hole be arranged more, then the dust-proof effect of dust cover is got over
Therefore it is best that the second heat release hole only is arranged in left dust cover or right dust cover in difference.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is the structural schematic diagram of wedge-type of embodiment of the present invention wheel brake assembly.
Fig. 2 is the structural schematic diagram of guide pad in Fig. 1;
Fig. 3 is the structural schematic diagram of brake-shoe in Fig. 1.
Fig. 4 is the structural schematic diagram of shield in the embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 5 is the structural schematic diagram of tapered shaft in the embodiment of the present invention.
Specific embodiment
Below by specific embodiment, the present invention is described in further detail:
Appended drawing reference in Figure of description includes: brake-shoe 10, friction plate 20, expander 30, return springs 40, auxiliary
Help elastic component 401, guide pad 50, wedge groove 501, tapered shaft 60, idler wheel 601, pneumatic mechanism 70, brake drum 80, backing pin shaft 90,
Axis hole 91, radiator fan 92, reinforcing rib a, thermovent b, the first heat release hole c, the second heat release hole d.
Embodiment wedge-type wheel brake assembly is substantially as shown in Fig. 1:
Wedge-type wheel brake assembly, including back-plate, brake-shoe 10, friction plate 20, brake drum 80, tapered shaft 60,
For driving the pneumatic mechanism 70 of tapered shaft 60, pneumatic mechanism 70 is cylinder, and the piston rod and tapered shaft 60 of cylinder are fixed on one
It rises, pushes tapered shaft 60 mobile by the air pressure in control cylinder.
As shown in Fig. 2, friction plate 20 is fixed on the inner surface of brake-shoe 10, brake-shoe 10 matches with brake drum 80.It rubs
Pad 20 is equipped with axis hole 91, and friction plate 20 is the friction plate 20 of not uniform thickness, and friction plate 20 at backing pin shaft 90 to separate
The thickness of backing pin shaft 90 gradually thickens along the involute of backing pin shaft 90.Traditional uniform thickness friction plate 20 exist abrasion storage level it is small,
The big disadvantage of residual volume, for stock utilization 40% or so, customer using cost is high, and cause the huge wasting of resources and
Environmental pollution.After not uniform thickness friction plate 20, the friction material of equivalent weight, service life can extend 50%, material use
Rate improves 25% or more, the use cost of user can be greatly lowered, social benefit is obvious.
Brake-shoe 10 includes two left brake-shoes 10 and two right braking hoofs 10, and one end of two left brake-shoes 10 passes through
Backing pin shaft 90 and back-plate are hinged, and it is hinged with back-plate that one end of two right braking hoofs 10 passes through backing pin shaft 90, adjacent
Left brake-shoe 10 and right braking hoof 10 on be equipped with return springs 40, and be equipped on left brake-shoe 10 and right braking hoof 10
Expander 30.Stainless steel pressure spring can be used in return springs 40, and coefficient of elasticity is high, and elasticity is good, long service life.Also it is additionally provided with
Auxiliary elastic member 401, auxiliary elastic member 401 are connected between two brake-shoes 10.Auxiliary elastic member 401 also uses stainless steel pressure
Spring, when return springs 40 fail, auxiliary elastic member 401 works on, and guarantees the timely return of brake-shoe 10.
Expander 30 is equipped between guide pad 50, guide pad 50 is equipped with wedge groove 501, two adjacent wedge grooves 501
In " eight " shape, tapered shaft 60 is also in " eight " shape, and tapered shaft 60 matches with wedge groove 501.Rolling is additionally provided in tapered shaft 60
Wheel 601.Directly cooperate relative to tapered shaft 60 and wedge groove 501, idler wheel 601 and the frictional force of wedge groove 501 are smaller, a side
Face increases the response speed of entire brake, on the other hand, also avoids largely rubbing between tapered shaft 60 and wedge groove 501
It wipes and generates amount of heat and bond together, and then lead to brake fade.
As shown in figure 3, brake-shoe 10 includes transverse slat and the stringer board being fixed on transverse slat, it is equipped with and reinforces between transverse slat and stringer board
Muscle a.It is additionally arranged reinforcing rib a on brake-shoe 10, ensure that braking ability is safe and reliable from structure.Transverse slat is equipped with heat dissipation
Mouth b, stringer board are equipped with the first heat release hole c.On the one hand, the heat that thermovent b and the first heat release hole c can facilitate friction plate 20 to generate
It sheds rapidly, to reduce the temperature of brake, increases the service life of friction plate 20;On the other hand, thermovent b and the is set
After one heat release hole c, material needed for brake-shoe 10 is reduced, so that the weight of brake-shoe 10 is reduced, is further reduced
The weight of entire brake.
As shown in figure 4, clearing up the dust on dust cover for convenience, it is also provided with dust cover.Dust cover is mounted on braking
On bottom plate, dust cover includes left dust cover and right dust cover, and left dust cover and right dust cover are removably attachable to braking bottom
On plate.
Left dust cover or right dust cover are equipped with the second heat release hole d.The setting of second heat release hole d so that the first heat release hole c,
It is interconnected between heat release hole and the second heat release hole d, so that the air in brake is more smooth, heat dissipation effect is more preferable.And such as
Army on left dust cover or right dust cover is equipped with the second heat release hole d by fruit, then when radiator fan 92 rotates, is easy to produce turbulent flow, wind
To having some setbacks.Meanwhile second heat release hole d be arranged more, then the dust-proof effect of dust cover is poorer, therefore, only in left dust cover
Or the second heat release hole d of right dust cover setting is best.
As shown in figure 5, in addition, a cavity is set in guide pad 50, equipped with hydraulic oil in cavity, similar to the knot of hydraulic cylinder
Structure can play good cooling heat spreading function.It is additionally provided with first piston and second piston, first piston and second piston are slided
It is arranged in cavity, first piston is equipped with the block for blocking idler wheel 601, and second piston is equipped with to be cooperated with idler wheel 601
Briquetting.
Specifically in braking, firstly, the inflation in cylinder, makes it drive tapered shaft 60 mobile.Due to tapered shaft 60 and wedge
Shape slot 501 matches, so tapered shaft 60 can push left brake-shoe 10 and right braking hoof 10 to rotate, so that left brake-shoe 10 and the right side
Brake-shoe 10 inwardly collapses, so that the outer wall of brake drum 80 be pushed against, and then realizes braking.Meanwhile pneumatic mechanism 70 pushes wedge
Shape block is mobile, and wedge block also will push briquetting movement when pushing left brake-shoe 10 and right braking hoof 10 is mobile, and briquetting then pushes
Hydraulic oil is mobile, so that block blocks idler wheel 601, avoids idler wheel 601 because fortuitous event is skidded off from wedge groove 501, really
Protect the stability of braking.When without braking, the pressure in pneumatic mechanism 70 is reduced, under the action of return springs 40, so that
Left brake-shoe 10,10 homing of right braking hoof stop braking.
Compared with traditional brake, this programme passes through the cooperation of wedge groove and tapered shaft, it is only necessary to pneumatic mechanism work, i.e.,
Left brake-shoe and right braking hoof may make to work at the same time, so that the response speed of brake is faster, braking effect is more preferable, braking
High reliablity.Also, weight is effectively mitigated, and the utilization rate of material greatly improves, and greatly reduces making for user
Use cost.
What has been described above is only an embodiment of the present invention, and the common sense such as well known specific structure and characteristic are not made herein in scheme
Excessive description.It, without departing from the structure of the invention, can be with it should be pointed out that for those skilled in the art
Several modifications and improvements are made, these also should be considered as protection scope of the present invention, these all will not influence what the present invention was implemented
Effect and patent practicability.The scope of protection required by this application should be based on the content of the claims, in specification
The records such as specific embodiment can be used for explaining the content of claim.