Wedge-type wheel brake assembly
Technical field
The invention belongs to automotive brake field.
Background technology
Brake, as the vitals of automobile, concerns vehicle performance and traffic safety.Automobile is generally divided into disc type brake
Device and drum brake two kinds.For drum brake, automobile brake steps on brake pedal mainly by driver, system
Hydrodynamic forces transmission is supplied to wheel cylinder, struts brake-shoe, and shoe brake rubs with brake drum, produces brake force.Work as driving
After member's releasing of brake pedal, the distress resolves in brake wheel cylinder, shoe brake return.
Number of patent application is the patent of invention of CN201220293359.9, discloses a kind of light stamping weldering shoes drum brake
Device, including having the air chamber support of air chamber, back-plate, two punching-welding shoe ferrum, described two punching-welding shoe ferrum one end pass through support shaft
Be rotatably connected with back-plate, air chamber support and back-plate are fixing to be connected, also includes fixing outside punching-welding shoe ferrum
Thick friction plate, the rotatable camshaft acting on two punching-welding shoe ferrum the other end being located on back-plate and be connected to two
The return spring resetted for the punching-welding shoe ferrum that will strut of punching-welding shoe ferrum end, described camshaft is by adjusting arm and air chamber phase
Even.
Above-mentioned patent improves retardation efficiency to a certain extent, but still there is the defect in following tripartite face:
1, reliability is the highest: brake or brake hard, often braking retardation, braking distance in the case of or long descending heavier at load
Longer, or after braking, return the most thoroughly causes to drag and stops, and there are major safety risks.
2, the weight of brake is big, causes vehicle fuel consumption high.
3, brake is when braking, and friction plate realizes braking with brake drum phase mutual friction, produces amount of heat so that braking
The service life of device is substantially reduced.
4, through using for a long time, the abrasion ratio of cam is more serious, causes braking effect poor.
Therefore, it is badly in need of a kind of novel drum brake technology, to solve the defect of above-mentioned brake, promotes brake
Fast-developing.
Summary of the invention
It is an object of the invention to provide a kind of wedge-type wheel brake assembly, to improve the braking reliability of brake.
In order to achieve the above object, the base case of the present invention provides a kind of wedge-type wheel brake assembly, including braking
Base plate, brake-shoe, friction plate and brake drum, described friction plate is fixed on the inner surface of brake-shoe, described brake-shoe and brake drum
Outer surface match, described brake-shoe includes two left brake-shoes and two right braking hoofs, and one end of two left brake-shoes is equal
Hinged with back-plate by backing pin shaft, one end of two right braking hoofs is all hinged with back-plate by backing pin shaft, adjacent
It is equipped with return springs on left brake-shoe and right braking hoof, and is equipped with guide pad on left brake-shoe and right braking hoof, adjacent
Guide pad between upper connection have expansion apparatus, described guide pad to be provided with wedge-shaped slot, also include tapered shaft and for driving wedge shape
The pneumatic mechanism of bar, described tapered shaft matches with wedge-shaped slot.
The principle of this base case is: during braking, starts pneumatic mechanism, and pneumatic mechanism drives tapered shaft to move.Due to
Tapered shaft matches with wedge-shaped slot, so tapered shaft can promote left brake-shoe and right braking hoof to rotate so that left brake-shoe and the right side
Brake-shoe inward collapsible, thus realize braking.During without braking, reduce the pressure in pneumatic mechanism, at the work of return springs
Under with so that left brake-shoe, right braking hoof homing, stop braking.
Having the beneficial effects that of this base case: compared with traditional brake, this programme passes through wedge-shaped slot and tapered shaft
Cooperation, it is only necessary to pneumatic mechanism works, and left brake-shoe and right braking hoof can be made to work simultaneously so that the response of brake speed
Faster, the pressure that air chamber passes out acts directly on brake-shoe by tapered shaft degree, and braking effect is more preferable, and energy loss is very
Low, the reliability of braking is high.
By experimental verification, the brake ability that this scheme is more traditional improves more than 30%.This kind of structure be not at needs
Adjusting the structure such as arm, camshaft direct, the straight frame of air chamber, camshaft, dust cover, weight alleviates significantly;Brake-shoe, back-plate and
Expansion apparatus body all uses aluminum alloy material to substitute traditional Q450-10 material, and construction weight alleviates the most significantly, realizes greatly
Lightweight.This structure is for every vehicle bridge, at least more than loss of weight 50Kg.So having great economic worth and promotion price
Value.
This structure, owing to being that air chamber acts directly on brake-shoe, decreases the link of energy conversion, thus reduces
Energy loss, can improve braking ability more than 30%.This programme passes through guide pad and the cooperation of tapered shaft, it is only necessary to pneumatic mechanism work
Make, left brake-shoe and right braking hoof can be made simultaneously to work so that faster, braking effect is more preferable for the response speed of brake,
The reliability of braking is high.
Scheme two: based on this, scheme is preferred, described friction plate is the friction plate of not uniform thickness.Traditional uniform thickness friction plate
There is the abrasion shortcoming that storage level is little, residual volume is big, stock utilization is about 40%, and customer using cost is high, and causes
The huge wasting of resources and environmental pollution.Use not after uniform thickness friction plate, the friction material of equivalent weight, can prolong service life
Long 50%, stock utilization improves more than 25%, and the use cost of user can be greatly lowered, and social benefit is obvious.
Scheme three: this is the preferred of scheme two, described friction plate props up to the thickness edge away from backing pin shaft at backing pin shaft
The involute of bearing pin is the most thickening.The friction plate of this design is suitable for the brake in this programme, and laminating effect is more preferable, if
It is the most reasonable to count.
Scheme four: this is the preferred of scheme three, described back-plate and brake-shoe are aluminium alloy and make.
This programme is on the premise of ensureing that performance is not less than tradition material, and brake-shoe and back-plate all use high intensity aluminum
Alloy material substitutes traditional Q T450-10 material, achieves structure lightened greatly, thus oil consumption is low, has high economy
It is worth.Calculating by each car 4-6 root vehicle bridge, each car at least can loss of weight 100Kg.Weight saving directly produces oil-saving effect: press
Average every kilometer of oil consumption 1.5 liters, annual race 50000 kilometers, fuel-economizing ratio are by 5% calculating, at least fuel-economizing 3750 every year of each car
Rise;By domestic vehicles 10,000,000 calculating of sum, can save 37,500,000,000 liters every year, the direct economic benefit of generation is up to every year
More than 200 more than hundred million.
Compared with traditional drum brake assembly, this programme is to substitute traditional black gold with non-ferrous metal (aluminium alloy)
Belong to (spheroidal graphite cast-iron), also save oil consumption simultaneously, decrease motor vehicle exhaust emission, thus safety and environmental protection.
Scheme five: this is the preferred of scheme three, described tapered shaft is provided with roller.Direct with wedge-shaped slot relative to tapered shaft
Coordinating, roller is less with the frictional force of wedge-shaped slot, on the one hand, adds the response speed of whole brake, on the other hand, also keeps away
Exempt from substantial amounts of friction between tapered shaft and wedge-shaped slot to produce amount of heat and bond together, and then cause brake fade.
Scheme six: this is the preferred of scheme three, also includes that auxiliary elastic member, described auxiliary elastic member are connected to two brakings
Between hoof.When return springs lost efficacy, auxiliary elastic member works on, it is ensured that the timely return of brake-shoe.
Scheme seven: this is the preferred of scheme three, described brake-shoe includes transverse slat and the stringer board being fixed on transverse slat, described horizontal stroke
Reinforcement it is provided with between plate and stringer board.Brake-shoe is all additionally arranged reinforcement, from structure, ensure that braking ability safely may be used
Lean on.
Scheme eight: this is the preferred of scheme seven, described transverse slat is provided with thermovent, and described stringer board is provided with the first heat radiation
Hole.On the one hand, the heat that thermovent and the first louvre can facilitate friction plate to produce sheds rapidly, thus reduces the temperature of brake
Degree, increases the service life of friction plate;On the other hand, after arranging thermovent and the first louvre, the material needed for brake-shoe subtracts
Few so that the weight of brake-shoe is reduced, and further decreases the weight of whole brake.
Scheme nine: this is the preferred of scheme seven, also includes dust cover, and described dust cover is fixed on back-plate, described
Dust cover includes that left dust cover and right dust cover, described left dust cover and right dust cover are all removably attachable to back-plate
On.Dust cover is made up of left dust cover and right dust cover two parts, convenient during installation.And left dust cover and right dust cover are equal
It is removably attachable on back-plate, disassembles the most at any time and carry out clearing up the ash of contamination on left dust cover and right dust cover
Dirt.
Scheme ten: this is the preferred of scheme nine, described left dust cover or right dust cover are provided with the second louvre.Second dissipates
The setting of hot hole makes to be interconnected between the first louvre, louvre and the second louvre so that the air in brake is more
For smoothness, radiating effect is more preferable.And if army on left dust cover or right dust cover is provided with the second louvre, then radiator fan turns
Time dynamic, easily producing turbulent flow, wind direction has some setbacks.Meanwhile, the second louvre arranges the most, then the dust-proof effect of dust cover is more
Difference, therefore, only arranges the second louvre at left dust cover or right dust cover best.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the structural representation of embodiment of the present invention wedge-type wheel brake assembly.
Fig. 2 is the structural representation of guide pad in Fig. 1;
Fig. 3 is the structural representation of brake-shoe in Fig. 1.
Fig. 4 is the structural representation of protective cover in the embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 5 is the structural representation of tapered shaft in the embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed description of the invention
Below by detailed description of the invention, the present invention is further detailed explanation:
Reference in Figure of description includes: brake-shoe 10, friction plate 20, expansion apparatus 30, return springs 40, auxiliary bullet
Property part 401, guide pad 50, wedge-shaped slot 501, tapered shaft 60, roller 601, pneumatic mechanism 70, brake drum 80, backing pin shaft 90, axis hole
91, radiator fan 92, reinforcement a, thermovent b, the first louvre c, the second louvre d.
Embodiment wedge-type wheel brake assembly is the most as shown in Figure 1:
Wedge-type wheel brake assembly, including back-plate, brake-shoe 10, friction plate 20, brake drum 80, tapered shaft 60, for
Driving the pneumatic mechanism 70 of tapered shaft 60, pneumatic mechanism 70 is cylinder, and the piston rod of cylinder is fixed together with tapered shaft 60, logical
Cross the air pressure controlled in cylinder to promote tapered shaft 60 to move.
As in figure 2 it is shown, friction plate 20 is fixed on the inner surface of brake-shoe 10, brake-shoe 10 matches with brake drum 80.Rub
Pad 20 is provided with axis hole 91, and friction plate 20 is the friction plate 20 of not uniform thickness, and friction plate 20 at backing pin shaft 90 to away from
The thickness of backing pin shaft 90 is the most thickening along the involute of backing pin shaft 90.Traditional uniform thickness friction plate 20 exist abrasion storage level little,
The shortcoming that residual volume is big, stock utilization is about 40%, and customer using cost is high, and cause the huge wasting of resources and
Environmental pollution.Use not after uniform thickness friction plate 20, the friction material of equivalent weight, 50% can be extended service life, material use
Rate improves more than 25%, and the use cost of user can be greatly lowered, and social benefit is obvious.
Brake-shoe 10 includes two left brake-shoes 10 and two right braking hoofs 10, and one end of two left brake-shoes 10 is all passed through
Backing pin shaft 90 is hinged with back-plate, and one end of two right braking hoofs 10 is all hinged with back-plate by backing pin shaft 90, adjacent
Left brake-shoe 10 and right braking hoof 10 on be equipped with return springs 40, and be equipped with on left brake-shoe 10 and right braking hoof 10
Expansion apparatus 30.Return springs 40 can use rustless steel stage clip, and coefficient of elasticity is high, and good springiness, service life is long.Also it is additionally provided with
Auxiliary elastic member 401, auxiliary elastic member 401 is connected between two brake-shoes 10.Auxiliary elastic member 401 is also adopted by rustless steel pressure
Spring, when return springs 40 lost efficacy, auxiliary elastic member 401 works on, it is ensured that the timely return of brake-shoe 10.
Being provided with expansion apparatus 30 between guide pad 50, guide pad 50 is provided with wedge-shaped slot 501, two adjacent wedge-shaped slots 501
In " eight " shape, tapered shaft 60 is also in " eight " shape, and tapered shaft 60 matches with wedge-shaped slot 501.It is additionally provided with rolling in tapered shaft 60
Wheel 601.Directly coordinating with wedge-shaped slot 501 relative to tapered shaft 60, roller 601 is less with the frictional force of wedge-shaped slot 501, a side
Face, adds the response speed of whole brake, on the other hand, also avoids substantial amounts of between tapered shaft 60 and wedge-shaped slot 501 rubbing
Wipe and produce amount of heat and bond together, and then cause brake fade.
As it is shown on figure 3, brake-shoe 10 includes transverse slat and the stringer board being fixed on transverse slat, between transverse slat and stringer board, it is provided with reinforcement
Muscle a.Brake-shoe 10 is all additionally arranged reinforcement a, from structure, ensure that braking ability is safe and reliable.Transverse slat is provided with heat radiation
Mouth b, stringer board is provided with the first louvre c.On the one hand, thermovent b and the first louvre c can facilitate the heat that friction plate 20 produces
Shed rapidly, thus reduce the temperature of brake, increase the service life of friction plate 20;On the other hand, thermovent b and is set
After one louvre c, the material needed for brake-shoe 10 reduces so that the weight of brake-shoe 10 is reduced, and further decreases
The weight of whole brake.
As shown in Figure 4, the dust on cleaning dust cover, is also provided with dust cover for convenience.Dust cover is arranged on braking
On base plate, dust cover includes that left dust cover and right dust cover, left dust cover and right dust cover are all removably attachable to brake the end
On plate.
Left dust cover or right dust cover are provided with the second louvre d.The setting of the second louvre d make the first louvre c,
It is interconnected between louvre and the second louvre d so that the air in brake is the most smooth, and radiating effect is more preferable.And such as
Army on left dust cover or right dust cover is provided with the second louvre d by fruit, then, when radiator fan 92 rotates, easily produce turbulent flow, wind
To having some setbacks.Meanwhile, the second louvre d arranges the most, then the dust-proof effect of dust cover is the poorest, therefore, only at left dust cover
Or right dust cover to arrange the second louvre d best.
As it is shown in figure 5, it addition, set a cavity in guide pad 50, be provided with hydraulic oil in cavity, be similar to the knot of hydraulic cylinder
Structure, can play good cooling thermolysis.It is additionally provided with first piston and the second piston, first piston and the second piston all to slide
Being arranged in cavity, first piston is provided with the block for blocking roller 601, and the second piston is provided with and coordinates with roller 601
Briquetting.
Specifically when braking, first, inflation in cylinder so that it is drive tapered shaft 60 to move.Due to tapered shaft 60 and wedge
Shape groove 501 matches, so tapered shaft 60 can promote left brake-shoe 10 and right braking hoof 10 to rotate so that left brake-shoe 10 and the right side
Brake-shoe 10 inward collapsible, thus the outer wall of brake drum 80 is pushed against, and then realize braking.Meanwhile, pneumatic mechanism 70 promotes wedge
Shape block moves, and wedge, when promoting left brake-shoe 10 and right braking hoof 10 to move, also can promote briquetting to move, and briquetting then promotes
Hydraulic oil moves so that roller 601 is blocked by block, it is to avoid roller 601 is because fortuitous event skids off, really from wedge-shaped slot 501
Protect the stability of braking.During without braking, reduce the pressure in pneumatic mechanism 70, under the effect of return springs 40 so that
Left brake-shoe 10, right braking hoof 10 homing, stop braking.
Compared with traditional brake, this programme passes through wedge-shaped slot and the cooperation of tapered shaft, it is only necessary to pneumatic mechanism works, i.e.
Left brake-shoe and right braking hoof can be made to work so that faster, braking effect is more preferable, braking for the response speed of brake simultaneously
Reliability is high.Further, weight is effectively alleviated, and the utilization rate of material is greatly improved, and greatly reduces making of user
Use cost.
Above-described is only embodiments of the invention, and in scheme, the known general knowledge such as concrete structure and characteristic is not made at this
Too much describe.It should be pointed out that, for a person skilled in the art, on the premise of without departing from present configuration, it is also possible to
Making some deformation and improvement, these also should be considered as protection scope of the present invention, and these are all without affecting what the present invention implemented
Effect and practical applicability.The protection domain that this application claims should be as the criterion with the content of its claim, in description
Detailed description of the invention etc. record the content that may be used for explaining claim.