CN106069562A - A kind of method of quickly breeding Fructus Vitis viniferae cutting seedling - Google Patents
A kind of method of quickly breeding Fructus Vitis viniferae cutting seedling Download PDFInfo
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- CN106069562A CN106069562A CN201610430325.2A CN201610430325A CN106069562A CN 106069562 A CN106069562 A CN 106069562A CN 201610430325 A CN201610430325 A CN 201610430325A CN 106069562 A CN106069562 A CN 106069562A
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G17/00—Cultivation of hops, vines, fruit trees, or like trees
- A01G17/02—Cultivation of hops or vines
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01C—PLANTING; SOWING; FERTILISING
- A01C21/00—Methods of fertilising, sowing or planting
- A01C21/005—Following a specific plan, e.g. pattern
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G24/00—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G9/00—Cultivation in receptacles, forcing-frames or greenhouses; Edging for beds, lawn or the like
- A01G9/02—Receptacles, e.g. flower-pots or boxes; Glasses for cultivating flowers
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- A01G9/0299—Handling or transporting of soil blocks or seedlings
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
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- A01N37/10—Aromatic or araliphatic carboxylic acids, or thio analogues thereof; Derivatives thereof
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
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- A01N43/04—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds having rings with one or more oxygen or sulfur atoms as the only ring hetero atoms with one hetero atom
- A01N43/14—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds having rings with one or more oxygen or sulfur atoms as the only ring hetero atoms with one hetero atom six-membered rings
- A01N43/16—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds having rings with one or more oxygen or sulfur atoms as the only ring hetero atoms with one hetero atom six-membered rings with oxygen as the ring hetero atom
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
- A01N59/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing elements or inorganic compounds
- A01N59/26—Phosphorus; Compounds thereof
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- C05G—MIXTURES OF FERTILISERS COVERED INDIVIDUALLY BY DIFFERENT SUBCLASSES OF CLASS C05; MIXTURES OF ONE OR MORE FERTILISERS WITH MATERIALS NOT HAVING A SPECIFIC FERTILISING ACTIVITY, e.g. PESTICIDES, SOIL-CONDITIONERS, WETTING AGENTS; FERTILISERS CHARACTERISED BY THEIR FORM
- C05G3/00—Mixtures of one or more fertilisers with additives not having a specially fertilising activity
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05G—MIXTURES OF FERTILISERS COVERED INDIVIDUALLY BY DIFFERENT SUBCLASSES OF CLASS C05; MIXTURES OF ONE OR MORE FERTILISERS WITH MATERIALS NOT HAVING A SPECIFIC FERTILISING ACTIVITY, e.g. PESTICIDES, SOIL-CONDITIONERS, WETTING AGENTS; FERTILISERS CHARACTERISED BY THEIR FORM
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- C05G5/20—Liquid fertilisers
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Abstract
A kind of method that the invention discloses quickly breeding Fructus Vitis viniferae cutting seedling, comprises the steps: that (1) cutting is chosen, prepared by (2) cutting medium, the process of (3) root treatment fluid, (4) nutritional solution, (5) cutting, (6) cutting field planting, manages after (7) field planting.The inventive method can be bred as finished product Fructus Vitis viniferae cutting seedling for 15 ~ 17 days, shortens about 7 days than traditional method, and the incubation rate of cutting reaches more than 99%, and the Fructus Vitis viniferae cutting seedling transplanting survival rate after bringing out reaches more than 99.5%, has good economic worth.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to field of planting, a kind of method being specifically related to quickly breeding Fructus Vitis viniferae cutting seedling.
Background technology
Fructus Vitis viniferae, is named again Jambul, is Vitis defoliation liana, is one of big fruit in the world four, and in China, cultivation is existing
The history of thousand.Fructus Vitis viniferae, in addition to edible as fresh fruit, is mainly used in wine brewing, additionally it is possible to make Sucus Vitis viniferae, dried Fructus Vitis viniferae and canned food etc.
Processed goods.In Fructus Vitis viniferae containing protein, aminoacid, lecithin, mineral calcium, potassium, phosphorus, ferrum and vitamin B1, B2, B6, C,
P and sugar (glucose) etc., the most directly absorbed by the body so that its delicious taste, to be of high nutritive value, have improvement sleep,
The effects such as qi-restoratives stomach invigorating, nourishing the liver, welcomed by the people.
Fructus Vitis viniferae is the fruit tree that a kind of adaptability is the strongest, has the advantages that rootability is strong, can carry out cottage propagation, accelerates
Breeding of grape variety, and can be good at keeping its inherited character.The cuttage of Fructus Vitis viniferae urges the improvement of root technology mainly
Be directed to cutting and go out that root is fast, go out the aspects such as root is neat, survival rate is high, in existing Fructus Vitis viniferae cuttage technique cutting process, substrate system
The collocation such as standby, management technique is unreasonable, cause cutting occur above-mentioned go out root is slow, go out the problem that root is uneven, survival rate is relatively low.Therefore
Need badly and invent the Fructus Vitis viniferae cuttage technique that a kind of method is simple, quality neat, seedling speed, survival rate are higher, could promote
This strong industry of Fructus Vitis viniferae is in order, quickly develop.
Summary of the invention
It is desirable to provide a kind of method of quickly breeding Fructus Vitis viniferae cutting seedling.
The present invention is achieved through the following technical solutions:
A kind of method of quickly breeding Fructus Vitis viniferae cutting seedling, comprises the steps:
(1) cutting is chosen: choose that growth is vigorous, eye is full, without life in 1 year of pest and disease damage or 2 years raw vine branches as slotting
Fringe, spike length 16 ~ 20cm, then to cut at cutting upper end clip stump at bud 1.5cm, lower end clip is oblique at joint 0.7cm
Cut standby;
(2) prepared by cutting medium:
Weigh 30 parts of peat soils, 6 portions of bagasse and 2 parts of perlites the most by weight;
The most first bagasse is put into immersion 1.5h in the hydrochloric acid solution that mass fraction is 3%, does with deionized water rinsing after taking-up
Only, then it is thermally dried by the temperature of 60 ~ 65 DEG C, when the most overall water content is 40 ~ 45%, places in air blasting machine
Carrying out air blasting process, place in the mixed liquor of its quality 2 times and soak 20min after air blasting process, period does not stop stirring, finally uses
The mixed liquor filling bagasse is thermally dried by the temperature of 50 ~ 55 DEG C, and the water content to bagasse is not more than 10%, must change
Property bagasse is standby;Described mixed liquor is made up of the material of following weight portion: 2 parts of carbamide, 1 part of potassium fulvate, 0.5 part of sulphuric acid Asia
Ferrum, 0.3 part of manganese sulfate, 0.3 part of zinc sulfate, 100 parts of water;Bagasse is carried out aforesaid way modified, bagasse can be improved
Absorption property, reduces the turnover rate of nutrient substance, can adsorb again the harmful substances such as some heavy metals, and the growth for cutting provides
The growing environment of safety and Health, can induce again the growth of cutting root simultaneously;
C. cutting medium is i.e. obtained after peat soil, the modified bagasse of step b gained and perlite fully being puddled uniformly;
(3) prepared by root treatment fluid:
A. take appropriate root-inducing powder and dissolve in water, be made into the rooting powder solution that concentration is 30 ~ 40mg/L;
B. in rooting powder solution, the glucose of its gross mass 2%, 1% water-soluble chitosan and 0.5% potassium dihydrogen phosphate are added, so
Post-heating keeps solution temperature to be 40 ~ 45 DEG C, and stirs with the rotating speed of 200 ~ 300 revs/min;
(4) prepared by nutritional solution:
Weigh 15 parts of Radix primulae maximowiczii, 10 parts of Folium Aloes, 8 parts of red building roots, 2 parts of compound vitamines, 2 parts of compounded aminos the most by weight
Acid, 1 part of stearic acid sodium;
B. Radix primulae maximowiczii, Folium Aloe and red building root being put in the clear water of its gross mass 3 times, boiling water decocts 15min, and period is used simultaneously
Ultrasound wave carries out assisted extraction, is first ultrasonic extraction 5min of 35KHz by frequency, and reuse frequency is that the ultrasound wave of 38KHz carries
Taking 5min, last reuse frequency is ultrasonic extraction 5min of 42KHz, filters to get filtrate standby;With the ultrasound wave of different frequency range
Extract successively, kind and the quantity of beneficiating ingredient can be improved, coordinate the extraction of boiling water high temperature simultaneously, improve filter further
The use value of liquid, shortens again extraction duration;
C. compound vitamin, aminoacids complex and stearic acid sodium are put in filtrate jointly, be stirred continuously to uniformly;Preparation
Nutritional solution balanced in nutrition comprehensively, meet the demand rule of cutting growth, improve the growth situation that cutting is overall, at root
Reason liquid with the use of, can be under less Plant Hormone Action, moreover it is possible to promote the growth of root preferably, faster;
(5) cutting processes:
A. in the centre of cutting, cut off a upper-lower height be 4 ~ 6mm, breach around cutting 1/4 ~ 1/3 circumference, then split at this
Cover flap sponge on mouth, and be fixed on cutting with rubber band;The breach height offered on cutting can not be excessive, otherwise
Can affect the normal development of cutting, too small then DeGrain, the breach of aforesaid way can after Fructus Vitis viniferae cutting seedling is bred as completely
Healing, does not affect subsequent growth;
B., the lower end clip of cutting is put into immersion 5 ~ 6h in root treatment fluid, and the temperature of period heating holding root treatment fluid is
38 ~ 42 DEG C, take out standby after completing;
(6) cutting field planting: the cutting after processing is colonizated on cutting medium, and the field planting degree of depth is the 1/3 of cutting length, every square
250 ~ 260 cutting of meter Ding Zhi;
(7) managing after field planting: after cutting field planting, the sponge on cutting breach sprayed nutritional solution, three times a day, the most often every day
The fountain height of root cutting is 3 ~ 5g, sprays continuously 10 ~ 15 days, after cutting seedling is bred as, is moved out and removes rubber band and sea
Continuous.
Further, temperature when step (2) described air blasting processes is 266 DEG C, pressure is 10MPa.
Further, containing vitamin A, vitamin B1, vitamin B6, vitamin C in step (4) described compound vitamin
And vitamin E, containing methionine, lysine, glycine, glutamic acid and phenylalanine in described aminoacids complex.
There is advantages that the present invention is to cuttages such as cutting, cutting medium, root treatment fluid, nutritional solutions
During key step composition carried out special rational process, by the comprehensive applying of root treatment fluid and nutritional solution, carry
The rooting rate of high cutting and quality of rooting, improve traditional single applying root treatment fluid easily cause quality uneven,
The phenomenon that subsequent growth is weak;Applying nutritional solution at the breach of cutting central authorities, use the most direct, its action effect is more preferable,
The utilization rate of nutritional solution material composition can not only be improved, can guarantee that again the development quality of cutting entirety and follow-up growing way;Respectively
Under the comprehensive function of step, the inventive method can be bred as finished product Fructus Vitis viniferae cutting seedling for 15 ~ 17 days, shortens 7 days than traditional method
Left and right, and the incubation rate of cutting reaches more than 99%, the Fructus Vitis viniferae cutting seedling transplanting survival rate after bringing out reaches more than 99.5%, has well
Economic worth.
Detailed description of the invention
Embodiment 1
A kind of method of quickly breeding Fructus Vitis viniferae cutting seedling, comprises the steps:
(1) cutting is chosen: choose that growth is vigorous, eye is full, without life in 1 year of pest and disease damage or 2 years raw vine branches as slotting
Fringe, spike length 16 ~ 20cm, then to cut at cutting upper end clip stump at bud 1.5cm, lower end clip is oblique at joint 0.7cm
Cut standby;
(2) prepared by cutting medium:
Weigh 30 parts of peat soils, 6 portions of bagasse and 2 parts of perlites the most by weight;
The most first bagasse is put into immersion 1.5h in the hydrochloric acid solution that mass fraction is 3%, does with deionized water rinsing after taking-up
Only, then it is thermally dried by the temperature of 60 ~ 65 DEG C, when the most overall water content is 40 ~ 45%, places in air blasting machine
Carrying out air blasting process, place in the mixed liquor of its quality 2 times and soak 20min after air blasting process, period does not stop stirring, finally uses
The mixed liquor filling bagasse is thermally dried by the temperature of 50 ~ 55 DEG C, and the water content to bagasse is not more than 10%, must change
Property bagasse is standby;Described mixed liquor is made up of the material of following weight portion: 2 parts of carbamide, 1 part of potassium fulvate, 0.5 part of sulphuric acid Asia
Ferrum, 0.3 part of manganese sulfate, 0.3 part of zinc sulfate, 100 parts of water;
C. cutting medium is i.e. obtained after peat soil, the modified bagasse of step b gained and perlite fully being puddled uniformly;
(3) prepared by root treatment fluid:
A. take appropriate root-inducing powder and dissolve in water, be made into the rooting powder solution that concentration is 30 ~ 40mg/L;
B. in rooting powder solution, the glucose of its gross mass 2%, 1% water-soluble chitosan and 0.5% potassium dihydrogen phosphate are added, so
Post-heating keeps solution temperature to be 40 ~ 45 DEG C, and stirs with the rotating speed of 200 ~ 300 revs/min;
(4) prepared by nutritional solution:
Weigh 15 parts of Radix primulae maximowiczii, 10 parts of Folium Aloes, 8 parts of red building roots, 2 parts of compound vitamines, 2 parts of compounded aminos the most by weight
Acid, 1 part of stearic acid sodium;
B. Radix primulae maximowiczii, Folium Aloe and red building root being put in the clear water of its gross mass 3 times, boiling water decocts 15min, and period is used simultaneously
Ultrasound wave carries out assisted extraction, is first ultrasonic extraction 5min of 35KHz by frequency, and reuse frequency is that the ultrasound wave of 38KHz carries
Taking 5min, last reuse frequency is ultrasonic extraction 5min of 42KHz, filters to get filtrate standby;
C. compound vitamin, aminoacids complex and stearic acid sodium are put in filtrate jointly, be stirred continuously to uniformly;
(5) cutting processes:
A. in the centre of cutting, cut off a upper-lower height be 4 ~ 6mm, breach around cutting 1/4 ~ 1/3 circumference, then split at this
Cover flap sponge on mouth, and be fixed on cutting with rubber band;
B., the lower end clip of cutting is put into immersion 5 ~ 6h in root treatment fluid, and the temperature of period heating holding root treatment fluid is
38 ~ 42 DEG C, take out standby after completing;
(6) cutting field planting: the cutting after processing is colonizated on cutting medium, and the field planting degree of depth is the 1/3 of cutting length, every square
250 ~ 260 cutting of meter Ding Zhi;
(7) managing after field planting: after cutting field planting, the sponge on cutting breach sprayed nutritional solution, three times a day, the most often every day
The fountain height of root cutting is 3 ~ 5g, sprays continuously 10 ~ 15 days, after cutting seedling is bred as, is moved out and removes rubber band and sea
Continuous.
Further, temperature when step (2) described air blasting processes is 266 DEG C, pressure is 10MPa.
Further, containing vitamin A, vitamin B1, vitamin B6, vitamin C in step (4) described compound vitamin
And vitamin E, containing methionine, lysine, glycine, glutamic acid and phenylalanine in described aminoacids complex.
Comparative example 1
This comparative example 1 compared with Example 1, does not carry out cracking treatment to cutting central authorities, and the mode applying nutritional solution is
Being applied directly in the cutting medium of root, method step in addition is identical.
Matched group
Existing Fructus Vitis viniferae cuttage and seedling culture method.
In order to contrast effect of the present invention, select " summer is black " grape variety, " red Ba Laduo " grape variety, " Hei Baladuo " product
The Fructus Vitis viniferae of above-mentioned three kinds of kinds, as experimental subject, in order to simplify expression, is indicated, then by kind Fructus Vitis viniferae respectively with a, b, c
Cultivating the Fructus Vitis viniferae of tri-kinds of kinds of a, b, c by above-mentioned three kinds of methods respectively, following table is corresponding correction data:
Note: the incubation rate described in upper table refers to that the Fructus Vitis viniferae cutting seedling total amount being bred as accounts for the ratio of cutting total amount;Described transplant into
Motility rate refers to the survival rate after the Fructus Vitis viniferae cutting seedling survival after transplant being bred as.
Claims (3)
1. the method for a quickly breeding Fructus Vitis viniferae cutting seedling, it is characterised in that comprise the steps:
(1) cutting is chosen: choose that growth is vigorous, eye is full, without life in 1 year of pest and disease damage or 2 years raw vine branches as slotting
Fringe, spike length 16 ~ 20cm, then to cut at cutting upper end clip stump at bud 1.5cm, lower end clip is oblique at joint 0.7cm
Cut standby;
(2) prepared by cutting medium:
Weigh 30 parts of peat soils, 6 portions of bagasse and 2 parts of perlites the most by weight;
The most first bagasse is put into immersion 1.5h in the hydrochloric acid solution that mass fraction is 3%, does with deionized water rinsing after taking-up
Only, then it is thermally dried by the temperature of 60 ~ 65 DEG C, when the most overall water content is 40 ~ 45%, places in air blasting machine
Carrying out air blasting process, place in the mixed liquor of its quality 2 times and soak 20min after air blasting process, period does not stop stirring, finally uses
The mixed liquor filling bagasse is thermally dried by the temperature of 50 ~ 55 DEG C, and the water content to bagasse is not more than 10%, must change
Property bagasse is standby;Described mixed liquor is made up of the material of following weight portion: 2 parts of carbamide, 1 part of potassium fulvate, 0.5 part of sulphuric acid Asia
Ferrum, 0.3 part of manganese sulfate, 0.3 part of zinc sulfate, 100 parts of water;
C. cutting medium is i.e. obtained after peat soil, the modified bagasse of step b gained and perlite fully being puddled uniformly;
(3) prepared by root treatment fluid:
A. take appropriate root-inducing powder and dissolve in water, be made into the rooting powder solution that concentration is 30 ~ 40mg/L;
B. in rooting powder solution, the glucose of its gross mass 2%, 1% water-soluble chitosan and 0.5% potassium dihydrogen phosphate are added, so
Post-heating keeps solution temperature to be 40 ~ 45 DEG C, and stirs with the rotating speed of 200 ~ 300 revs/min;
(4) prepared by nutritional solution:
Weigh 15 parts of Radix primulae maximowiczii, 10 parts of Folium Aloes, 8 parts of red building roots, 2 parts of compound vitamines, 2 parts of compounded aminos the most by weight
Acid, 1 part of stearic acid sodium;
B. Radix primulae maximowiczii, Folium Aloe and red building root being put in the clear water of its gross mass 3 times, boiling water decocts 15min, and period is used simultaneously
Ultrasound wave carries out assisted extraction, is first ultrasonic extraction 5min of 35KHz by frequency, and reuse frequency is that the ultrasound wave of 38KHz carries
Taking 5min, last reuse frequency is ultrasonic extraction 5min of 42KHz, filters to get filtrate standby;
C. compound vitamin, aminoacids complex and stearic acid sodium are put in filtrate jointly, be stirred continuously to uniformly;
(5) cutting processes:
A. in the centre of cutting, cut off a upper-lower height be 4 ~ 6mm, breach around cutting 1/4 ~ 1/3 circumference, then split at this
Cover flap sponge on mouth, and be fixed on cutting with rubber band;
B., the lower end clip of cutting is put into immersion 5 ~ 6h in root treatment fluid, and the temperature of period heating holding root treatment fluid is
38 ~ 42 DEG C, take out standby after completing;
(6) cutting field planting: the cutting after processing is colonizated on cutting medium, and the field planting degree of depth is the 1/3 of cutting length, every square
250 ~ 260 cutting of meter Ding Zhi;
(7) managing after field planting: after cutting field planting, the sponge on cutting breach sprayed nutritional solution, three times a day, the most often every day
The fountain height of root cutting is 3 ~ 5g, sprays continuously 10 ~ 15 days, after cutting seedling is bred as, is moved out and removes rubber band and sea
Continuous.
The method of a kind of quickly breeding Fructus Vitis viniferae cutting seedling the most according to claim 1, it is characterised in that step (2) is described
Temperature when air blasting processes is 266 DEG C, pressure is 10MPa.
The method of a kind of quickly breeding Fructus Vitis viniferae cutting seedling the most according to claim 1, it is characterised in that step (4) is described
Containing vitamin A, vitamin B1, vitamin B6, vitamin C and vitamin E in compound vitamin, described aminoacids complex contains
There are methionine, lysine, glycine, glutamic acid and phenylalanine.
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CN109287392A (en) * | 2018-10-29 | 2019-02-01 | 中国农业科学院农业资源与农业区划研究所 | The fertilizing method of slight alkaline land kind herbivore certain herbaceous plants with big flowers |
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