CN106045626B - Method for producing biological bacterial fertilizer by using amino acid fermentation waste liquid and corn straw - Google Patents

Method for producing biological bacterial fertilizer by using amino acid fermentation waste liquid and corn straw Download PDF

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CN106045626B
CN106045626B CN201610396074.0A CN201610396074A CN106045626B CN 106045626 B CN106045626 B CN 106045626B CN 201610396074 A CN201610396074 A CN 201610396074A CN 106045626 B CN106045626 B CN 106045626B
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powder
corn straw
waste liquid
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amino acid
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CN106045626A (en
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赵凤良
杨雪
翟德亮
董力青
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Hulunbuir Northeast Fufeng Biotechnology Co Ltd
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    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C05FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
    • C05BPHOSPHATIC FERTILISERS
    • C05B7/00Fertilisers based essentially on alkali or ammonium orthophosphates
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C05FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
    • C05FORGANIC FERTILISERS NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C05B, C05C, e.g. FERTILISERS FROM WASTE OR REFUSE
    • C05F17/00Preparation of fertilisers characterised by biological or biochemical treatment steps, e.g. composting or fermentation
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02WCLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
    • Y02W30/00Technologies for solid waste management
    • Y02W30/40Bio-organic fraction processing; Production of fertilisers from the organic fraction of waste or refuse

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  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
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Abstract

The invention belongs to the technical field of microorganisms, and discloses a method for producing a biological bacterial fertilizer by using amino acid fermentation waste liquid and corn straws, which comprises the following steps: step 1) filtering waste liquid, step 2) hydrolyzing and neutralizing, step 3) preparing fermentation liquor A, step 4) preparing fermentation liquor B, and step 5) uniformly mixing and freeze-drying. The invention applies the fermentation waste liquid to the preparation of the fertilizer, utilizes agricultural wastes, and is energy-saving and environment-friendly.

Description

Method for producing biological bacterial fertilizer by using amino acid fermentation waste liquid and corn straw
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of microorganisms, and particularly relates to a method for producing a biological bacterial fertilizer by using amino acid fermentation waste liquid and corn straws.
Background
At present, a large amount of waste liquid is generated in the process of producing various amino acids by fermentation in biological fermentation enterprises, and COD and SO are contained in the waste liquid of the fermented amino acids4 2-And NH3the-N content is high, the acidity is strong, and the waste liquid also contains a large amount of mycoprotein, reducing sugar and ammonia nitrogen, which not only causes serious environmental pollution, but also wastes precious resources if the waste liquid is discharged at will. If the waste liquid is treated, the investment is huge, and the requirement of the development of the circular economy is not met. The method comprehensively utilizes the waste liquid from the amino acid fermentation production, and has important strategic significance for the sustainable development of the amino acid biological fermentation enterprises. The waste liquid from the production of amino acid by biological fermentation is processed into organic-inorganic compound fertilizer, which not only solves the problems of difficult treatment of waste water and environmental pollution, but also brings significant economic benefit to enterprises. The applicant's earlier patent technology ' a process for preparing an organic-inorganic compound fertilizer by using biological fermentation amino acid wastewater ' applies waste liquid to fertilizer preparation, solves the problem of waste liquid treatment, and prepares the fertilizer, but the technology still has certain defects, such as incapability of effectively utilizing mycoprotein, energy waste due to the adoption of a concentration and evaporation step, and the like.
Corn is a main grain crop planted in northern areas, and corn straws serving as agricultural wastes are generally subjected to simple crushing treatment or combustion treatment, can not be fully utilized, and are easy to cause environmental pollution. Research shows that the corn stalks contain more than 30 percent of carbohydrate, 2 to 4 percent of protein and 05 to 1 percent of fat, and can be ensiled and also can be directly fed. For herbivores, the net energy gain of 2kg of corn straws is equivalent to that of 1kg of corn grains, and particularly, after the corn straws are subjected to ensiling, yellow storage, ammoniation, saccharification and the like, the utilization rate can be improved, and the benefits can be more considerable. According to research and analysis, the digestion energy contained in the corn straws is 2235.8kJ/kg, the nutrition is rich, and the total energy is equivalent to that of pasture. The fine processing treatment of the corn straws is needed, so that the corn straws have good ecological benefit and economic benefit.
The development and application process of the fertilizer in China is a main stage from farmyard manure to the use of inorganic fertilizer, and as the farmyard manure has a plurality of pollution sources and large transportation amount, the operation wastes time and labor and the effect is not particularly obvious; inorganic fertilizer has single component and low utilization rate, and soil hardening and water source pollution accompanied with water and soil loss are often caused, so that the ecological environment is influenced. At present, inorganic compound fertilizers containing nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium and the like are mostly adopted in the market, the fertilizer efficiency of the compound fertilizers is comprehensive, but the defects of non-lasting fertilizer efficiency, easy loss and the like exist; more importantly, the price of the compound fertilizer is higher at present, great burden is brought to farmers, and the technical problem to be solved in modern agriculture is how to reduce the fertilizer cost and improve the income of the farmers.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the problems of waste liquid generated in the process of producing various amino acids by a biological fermentation enterprise and the treatment of agricultural waste corn straws, and aims to provide a method for producing a biological bacterial fertilizer by using the waste liquid generated in the process of producing various amino acids by the biological fermentation enterprise and the corn straws.
The invention is completed by the following technical scheme:
the method for producing the biological bacterial fertilizer by utilizing the amino acid fermentation waste liquid and the corn straws comprises the following steps:
step 1) filtering waste liquid, step 2) hydrolyzing and neutralizing, step 3) preparing fermentation liquor A, step 4) preparing fermentation liquor B, and step 5) uniformly mixing and freeze-drying.
Specifically, the method comprises the following steps:
1) filtering amino acid fermentation waste liquid generated by biologically fermenting amino acid, and collecting mycoprotein and waste water;
2) drying mycoprotein, crushing the mycoprotein into powder by a crusher, then placing the powder into a reaction tank, adding 5mol/L hydrochloric acid, stirring and hydrolyzing the raw materials at 60 ℃ for 24 hours at the stirring speed of 300 r/min, neutralizing residual hydrochloric acid by ammonia water after the reaction is finished, and controlling the pH value of the solution to be 6.8-7.2;
3) crushing corn straws into corn straw powder, adding the corn straw powder into the solution obtained in the step 2), uniformly stirring, standing for 12 hours, then sequentially adding rapeseed dregs, rice hulls, shell powder, monopotassium phosphate, diatomite and glucose, stirring at 500 rpm for 3 minutes, heating to 100 ℃ at the heating rate of 5 ℃/min, then preserving heat for 30 minutes, naturally cooling to room temperature, inoculating the composite microbial inoculum A according to the inoculation amount of 10% (v/v), and fermenting for 36 hours at the temperature of 28-30 ℃ to obtain fermentation liquor A; wherein the mass ratio of the corn straw powder, the solution obtained in the step 2), the rapeseed meal, the rice hull, the shell powder, the monopotassium phosphate, the diatomite and the glucose is 15-20:100, 150:10-12:8-10:5-7:3-4:1-2: 1-2;
4) crushing corn straws to obtain corn straw powder, mixing the corn straw powder with wheat bran, cassava dregs and fish bone powder, uniformly stirring to obtain a mixture, adding the wastewater in the step 1) which accounts for twice the mass of the mixture, soaking for 12 hours, boiling for 15min, cooling to room temperature, inoculating the composite microbial inoculum B according to the inoculation amount of 8% (v/v), and fermenting for 36 hours at the temperature of 28-30 ℃ to obtain a fermentation liquid B; wherein the mass ratio of the corn straw powder, the wheat bran, the cassava residue and the fish bone powder is 5-9:3-5:3-5: 2-3;
5) mixing the fermentation liquor A and the fermentation liquor B according to the volume ratio of 1-2:2-3, uniformly stirring, and then freeze-drying to prepare dry powder.
Preferably, the preparation method of the complex microbial inoculum A comprises the following steps: culturing Trichoderma aureoviride, Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Candida until the concentration is 1 × 107And mixing the bacterial liquid per ml according to the volume ratio of 3:3:2 to obtain the microbial inoculum.
Preferably, the preparation method of the complex microbial inoculum B comprises the following steps: respectively culturing Arthrobacter, Bacillus megaterium, Bacillus subtilis, and azotobacter chroococcum to concentration of 1 × 108And mixing the bacterial liquid per ml according to the volume ratio of 5:3:2:1 to obtain the microbial inoculum.
Preferably, the Trichoderma aureoviride is ACCC No. 32248; the pseudomonas aeruginosa is CGMCC No.5721 (CN 103361284A can be seen); the candida is ATCC No. 22023.
Preferably, the arthrobacter is CGMCC No.7779, the Bacillus megaterium is CGMCC No.3770, the Bacillus subtilis is CGMCC No.0954, and the azotobacter chroococcum is ATCC 4412.
The above strains are all available from the depository or other commercial sources.
The beneficial effects obtained by the invention comprise the following aspects:
according to the invention, the fermentation waste liquid is completely applied to the fertilizer preparation, so that evaporation concentration and pollution reduction treatment on the waste liquid are avoided, energy waste is reduced, the utilization rate is improved, and the fertilizer is prepared, so that two purposes are achieved;
the invention directly hydrolyzes the mycoprotein in the fermentation waste liquid as the fermentation raw material, provides rich ammonium chloride and amino acid nitrogen source, can be used as the microbial fermentation nutrient and can also be used as the fertilizer;
the compatibility of the strains is reasonable, different microbial inoculum fermentation treatment modes are adopted, so that different microbial inoculum is in the best fermentation condition, and the situation that part of strains can not survive in a culture solution prepared from wastewater is avoided;
according to the invention, by effectively utilizing the naturally existing crop wastes and combining the microbial technology, the fertilizer has low cost and more lasting fertilizer efficiency;
through screening and reasonable compatibility, the microbial inoculum of the invention ensures that the fertilizer has the functions of nitrogen fixation and water retention, and crop yield and income increase, and also has certain weeding function, environmental protection and no pollution.
Detailed Description
In order to make the technical means, the creation characteristics, the achievement purposes and the effects of the invention easy to understand, the invention is further described with the specific embodiments.
Example 1
The method for producing the biological bacterial fertilizer by utilizing the amino acid fermentation waste liquid and the corn straws comprises the following steps:
1) filtering amino acid fermentation waste liquid (residual waste liquid after amino acid is collected by using a biological fermentation method to prepare amino acid) generated by biological fermentation of amino acid, and collecting mycoprotein and waste water;
2) drying mycoprotein, crushing the mycoprotein into powder by a crusher, then placing the powder into a reaction tank, adding 5mol/L hydrochloric acid, stirring and hydrolyzing the raw materials at 60 ℃ for 24 hours at the stirring speed of 300 r/min, neutralizing residual hydrochloric acid by ammonia water after the reaction is finished, and controlling the pH value of the solution to be 6.8-7.2;
3) crushing corn straws into corn straw powder, adding the corn straw powder into the solution obtained in the step 2), uniformly stirring, standing for 12 hours, then sequentially adding rapeseed dregs, rice hulls, shell powder, monopotassium phosphate, diatomite and glucose, stirring at 500 rpm for 3 minutes, heating to 100 ℃ at the heating rate of 5 ℃/min, then preserving heat for 30 minutes, naturally cooling to room temperature, inoculating the composite microbial inoculum A according to the inoculation amount of 10% (v/v), and fermenting for 36 hours at the temperature of 28-30 ℃ to obtain fermentation liquor A; wherein the mass ratio of the corn straw powder, the solution obtained in the step 2), the rapeseed dregs, the rice hulls, the shell powder, the monopotassium phosphate, the diatomite and the glucose is 20:150:12:10:7:4:2: 2;
the preparation method of the compound microbial inoculum A comprises the following steps: culturing Trichoderma aureoviride, Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Candida until the concentration is 1 × 107Mixing the bacterial liquid per ml according to the volume ratio of 3:3:2 to obtain the bacterial liquid; the Trichoderma aureoviride is ACCC No. 32248; the pseudomonas aeruginosa (CN 103361284A) is CGMCC No. 5721; the candida is ATCCNO.22023;
4) crushing corn straws to obtain corn straw powder, mixing the corn straw powder with wheat bran, cassava dregs and fish bone powder, uniformly stirring to obtain a mixture, adding the wastewater in the step 1) which accounts for twice the mass of the mixture, soaking for 12 hours, boiling for 15min, cooling to room temperature, inoculating the composite microbial inoculum B according to the inoculation amount of 8% (v/v), and fermenting for 36 hours at the temperature of 28-30 ℃ to obtain a fermentation liquid B; wherein the mass ratio of the corn straw powder to the wheat bran to the cassava residue to the fish bone powder is 5:3:3: 2;
the preparation method of the compound microbial inoculum B comprises the following steps: arthrobacter and Arthrobacter giganteusRespectively culturing Bacillus megaterium, Bacillus subtilis and azotobacter chroococcum to concentration of 1 × 108Mixing the bacterial liquid per ml according to the volume ratio of 5:3:2:1 to obtain the bacterial liquid; the arthrobacterium is CGMCC No.7779(CN103333837A), the bacillus megaterium is CGMCC No.3770 (CN 102021118A), the bacillus subtilis is CGMCC No.0954(CN1554744A), and the azotobacter chroococcum is ATCC 4412;
5) and mixing the fermentation liquor A and the fermentation liquor B according to the volume ratio of 1:2, uniformly stirring, and then freeze-drying to prepare dry powder.
Example 2
The method for producing the biological bacterial fertilizer by utilizing the amino acid fermentation waste liquid and the corn straws comprises the following steps:
1) filtering amino acid fermentation waste liquid generated by biologically fermenting amino acid, and collecting mycoprotein and waste water;
2) drying mycoprotein, crushing the mycoprotein into powder by a crusher, then placing the powder into a reaction tank, adding 5mol/L hydrochloric acid, stirring and hydrolyzing the raw materials at 60 ℃ for 24 hours at the stirring speed of 300 r/min, neutralizing residual hydrochloric acid by ammonia water after the reaction is finished, and controlling the pH value of the solution to be 6.8-7.2;
3) crushing corn straws into corn straw powder, adding the corn straw powder into the solution obtained in the step 2), uniformly stirring, standing for 12 hours, then sequentially adding rapeseed dregs, rice hulls, shell powder, monopotassium phosphate, diatomite and glucose, stirring at 500 rpm for 3 minutes, heating to 100 ℃ at the heating rate of 5 ℃/min, then preserving heat for 30 minutes, naturally cooling to room temperature, inoculating the composite microbial inoculum A according to the inoculation amount of 10% (v/v), and fermenting for 36 hours at the temperature of 28-30 ℃ to obtain fermentation liquor A; wherein the mass ratio of the corn straw powder, the solution obtained in the step 2), the rapeseed dregs, the rice hulls, the shell powder, the monopotassium phosphate, the diatomite and the glucose is 15:100:10:8:5:3:1: 1;
the preparation method of the compound microbial inoculum A comprises the following steps: culturing Trichoderma aureoviride, Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Candida until the concentration is 1 × 107Mixing the bacterial liquid per ml according to the volume ratio of 3:3:2 to obtain the bacterial liquid; the yellow green woodThe mildew is ACCC No. 32248; the pseudomonas aeruginosa is CGMCC No.5721 (CN 103361284A can be seen); the candida is ATCCNO.22023;
4) crushing corn straws to obtain corn straw powder, mixing the corn straw powder with wheat bran, cassava dregs and fish bone powder, uniformly stirring to obtain a mixture, adding the wastewater in the step 1) which accounts for twice the mass of the mixture, soaking for 12 hours, boiling for 15min, cooling to room temperature, inoculating the composite microbial inoculum B according to the inoculation amount of 8% (v/v), and fermenting for 36 hours at the temperature of 28-30 ℃ to obtain a fermentation liquid B; wherein the mass ratio of the corn straw powder to the wheat bran to the cassava residue to the fish bone powder is 9:5:5: 3;
the preparation method of the compound microbial inoculum B comprises the following steps: respectively culturing Arthrobacter, Bacillus megaterium, Bacillus subtilis, and azotobacter chroococcum to concentration of 1 × 108Mixing the bacterial liquid per ml according to the volume ratio of 5:3:2:1 to obtain the bacterial liquid; the arthrobacterium is CGMCC No.7779(CN103333837A visible), the bacillus megaterium is CGMCC No.3770 (CN 102021118A visible), the bacillus subtilis is CGMCC No.0954(CN1554744A visible), and the azotobacter chroococcum is ATCC 4412;
5) and mixing the fermentation liquor A and the fermentation liquor B according to the volume ratio of 2:3, uniformly stirring, and then freeze-drying to prepare dry powder.
Example 3
The field test effect of the biological bacterial fertilizer prepared in the embodiment 1 of the invention is as follows: taking wheat as an example.
Control group: common compound fertilizer (nitrogen phosphorus potassium content is 15: 15);
test groups: common compound fertilizer (nitrogen phosphorus potassium content 15: 15) + the biological bacterial fertilizer prepared in example 1.
The experimental method comprises the following steps: and selecting test fields for planting winter wheat, wherein the test field areas respectively treated by the two groups of fertilizers are 10 mu of land.
Control group: the using amount of the common compound fertilizer is 40kg, and the test group comprises: the using amount of the common compound fertilizer is 30kg +10kg of the biological bacterial fertilizer prepared in the embodiment 1; other planting conditions are completely the same; harvesting wheat, and measuring the wheat yield per mu and the yield increase rate; and detecting the grain number of the wheat ear and the thousand grain weight. The experimental results are as follows: see table 1.
TABLE 1
Group of Grain number per ear Thousand Kernel weight (g) Mu yield (kg)
Control group 27.3 46.2 359
Test group 33.7 47.8 391
Same treatment conditions, wheat replanting in the second year, experimental results: refer to table 2.
TABLE 2
Group of Grain number per ear Thousand Kernel weight (g) Mu yield (kg)
Control group 27.1 45.8 351
Test group 33.9 48.3 407
And (4) conclusion: the comparison in the table 1 shows that the grain number of wheat ears, the thousand grain weight and the yield per mu of the test group are obviously higher than those of the control group, and the statistical significance is achieved; and the yield-increasing effect in the next year is better, which shows that the bacterial manure effect is better and lasting, and the flora plays a role in nitrogen fixation, water retention and fertility increase in soil.
The weeding effect is as follows: the test group was fertilized for 1 month, compared with the control group: the quantity of weeds such as chenopodium quinoa, purslane, barnyard grass, crab grass, acalypha australis obviously reduced, wherein both the crab grass and the purslane are reduced by more than 60 percent, and the barnyard grass is reduced by more than 70 percent; good weeding effect and can replace or reduce the use of herbicides.
The invention is not limited to the examples, and any equivalent changes to the technical solution of the invention by a person skilled in the art after reading the description of the invention are covered by the claims of the invention.

Claims (1)

1. The method for producing the biological bacterial fertilizer by utilizing the amino acid fermentation waste liquid and the corn straws comprises the following steps:
1) filtering amino acid fermentation waste liquid generated by biologically fermenting amino acid, and collecting mycoprotein and waste water;
2) drying mycoprotein, crushing the mycoprotein into powder by a crusher, then placing the powder into a reaction tank, adding 5mol/L hydrochloric acid, stirring and hydrolyzing the raw materials at 60 ℃ for 24 hours at the stirring speed of 300 r/min, neutralizing residual hydrochloric acid by ammonia water after the reaction is finished, and controlling the pH value of the solution to be 6.8-7.2;
3) crushing corn straws into corn straw powder, adding the corn straw powder into the solution obtained in the step 2), uniformly stirring, standing for 12 hours, then sequentially adding rapeseed dregs, rice hulls, shell powder, monopotassium phosphate, diatomite and glucose, stirring at 500 rpm for 3 minutes, heating to 100 ℃ at the heating rate of 5 ℃/min, then preserving heat for 30 minutes, naturally cooling to room temperature, inoculating the composite microbial inoculum A according to the inoculation amount of 10% V/V, and fermenting for 36 hours at the temperature of 28-30 ℃ to obtain fermentation liquor A; wherein the mass ratio of the corn straw powder, the solution obtained in the step 2), the rapeseed meal, the rice hull, the shell powder, the monopotassium phosphate, the diatomite and the glucose is 15-20:100, 150:10-12:8-10:5-7:3-4:1-2: 1-2;
4) crushing corn straws to obtain corn straw powder, mixing the corn straw powder with wheat bran, cassava dregs and fish bone powder, uniformly stirring to obtain a mixture, adding the wastewater in the step 1) which accounts for twice the mass of the mixture, soaking for 12 hours, boiling for 15min, cooling to room temperature, inoculating the composite microbial inoculum B according to the inoculation amount of 8% V/V, and fermenting for 36 hours at the temperature of 28-30 ℃ to obtain a fermentation liquid B; wherein the mass ratio of the corn straw powder, the wheat bran, the cassava residue and the fish bone powder is 5-9:3-5:3-5: 2-3;
5) mixing the fermentation liquor A and the fermentation liquor B according to the volume ratio of 1-2:2-3, uniformly stirring, and then freeze-drying to prepare dry powder to obtain the fermentation liquor A;
the preparation method of the compound microbial inoculum A comprises the following steps: culturing Trichoderma aureoviride, Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Candida until the concentration is 1 × 107Mixing the bacterial liquid per ml according to the volume ratio of 3:3:2 to obtain the bacterial liquid;
the preparation method of the compound microbial inoculum B comprises the following steps: respectively culturing Arthrobacter, Bacillus megaterium, Bacillus subtilis, and azotobacter chroococcum to concentration of 1 × 108Mixing the bacterial liquid per ml according to the volume ratio of 5:3:2:1 to obtain the bacterial liquid;
the Trichoderma aureoviride is ACCC No. 32248; the pseudomonas aeruginosa is CGMCC No. 5721; the candida is ATCC No. 22023; the arthrobacterium is CGMCC No.7779, the bacillus megaterium is CGMCC No.3770, the bacillus subtilis is CGMCC No.0954, and the azotobacter chroococcum is ATCC 4412.
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