CN105946222B - A kind of plasma founding rapid forming equipment and forming method - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses a kind of plasma founding rapid forming equipment and forming method, which is made of monitoring system, plasma beam system of processing and print platform；Plasma beam system of processing is made of plasma generator, printing distance adjusting means, feeder and wire feeder for continuously sending out processed silk material；Monitoring system includes that position adjustment controller, temperature detecting unit, distance detection unit and printing form temperature control device apart from adjusting control device, temperature detecting unit and printing apart from adjusting control device；The method comprising the steps of：One, workpiece three-dimensional stereo model to be formed obtains and hierarchy slicing is handled；Two, scan path is filled；Three, printing path obtains；Four, it successively prints from the bottom to top.Reasonable design of the present invention, easy to operate and shaping efficiency is high, using effect is good, is not necessarily to closed molding room, and do not need protective atmosphere or vacuum environment, workpiece shaping process directly carries out under atmospheric environment.

Description

A kind of plasma founding rapid forming equipment and forming method

Technical field

The invention belongs to rapid shaping technique fields, more particularly, to a kind of plasma founding rapid forming equipment and molding Method.

Background technology

Currently, metal parts rapid shaping technique is mainly precinct laser fusion rapid molding technology both at home and abroad (Selective laser melting, SLM).Such as United States Patent (USP) " the PROCESS AND of Patent No. US7047098 It is described in detail one in DEVICE FOR PRODUCING A SHAPED BODY BY SELECTIVE LASER MELTING " Kind manufactures the precinct laser fusion manufacturing process and its equipment of fine and close part using three-dimensional digital model.Publication No. CN The Chinese invention patent " the directly precinct laser fusion rapid molding equipment of manufacture heavy parts " of 102266942A discloses one Kind directly manufactures the precinct laser fusion rapid molding equipment of large compact part, which includes mainly laser array, light Learn systems array, moulding cylinder, the three-dimensional heat stepwise insulation construction of moulding cylinder, moulding cylinder weight balancing system, substrate leveling dress Set, double recovery tanks, double storage powder casees, double quantitative powder feedings and powder discharging device, power spreading device, protective atmosphere cover, gas purge system, control System processed.A kind of Chinese invention patent " Metal Part by Selective Laser Melting quick molding method of Publication No. CN1603031A And its device " to disclose a kind of Metal Part by Selective Laser Melting quick molding method and its device, the device include semiconductor LD pumped YAG lasers or optical fiber laser, light beam focusing system, molded part cylinder and powder cylinder, semiconductor pumped YAG laser or Optical fiber laser is connected with light beam focusing system, and focuses scanning in molded part cylinder, and molded part cylinder passes through powdering idler wheel and powder Last cylinder is connected, and powdering idler wheel is connected with driving motor, and driving motor is connected with computer.Publication No. CN103071795A Chinese invention patent " mobile galvanometer selective laser melting SLM formers " disclose a kind of mobile galvanometer selective laser SLM formers are melted, which includes by communication line with the X-axis linear motor and longitudinal rail for carrying cross slide way group The digital control system that the Y-axis linear motor of group is connected, X-axis linear motor and Y-axis linear motor constitute turntable driving structure, should Turntable driving structure is drivingly connected with laser bundle-enlarging collimation microscope group, and laser bundle-enlarging collimation microscope group bottom is caught in galvanometer unit, is shaking It is provided with forming work package below mirror unit, inert gas gas curtain is provided between forming work package and galvanometer unit.

The basic functional principle of precinct laser fusion rapid molding equipment is：First on computers utilize Pro/e, UG, The 3D sculpting softwares such as CATIA design the three-dimensional entity model (i.e. three-dimensional stereo model) of part, then pass through Slice Software Hierarchy slicing is carried out to the threedimensional model, obtains the outline data in each section, filling scan path is generated by outline data, in work Make the certain thickness powder of tiling in cylinder, according to the control of computer, laser beam is by way of vibration mirror scanning according to three-dimensional zero The slicing treatment result of component figure selectively melts fore-put powder layer；Then, working cylinder declines certain distance and spreads again Powder, laser beam complete one layer under parts of manufacture under the drive of galvanometer again according to the 3-D graphic of parts；So weight The processes such as multiple powdering, scanning and working cylinder decline, to realize the manufacture of three-dimensional parts.

Nowadays, precinct laser fusion rapid molding technology is primarily present following three aspects problem：

The first, precinct laser fusion rapid molding technology needs protective atmosphere or vacuum environment, to avoid in forming process The oxidation of metal parts.This keeps precinct laser fusion rapid molding device structure complicated, and forming part size is restricted, energy Source laser device system price is high, and former is expensive.

The second, precinct laser fusion rapid molding technology needs the moulding cylinder system of powdering.This keeps precinct laser fusion fast Rapid-result type device structure is complicated, and not only forming part size is restricted, and shaping efficiency is relatively low.

Third, in order to ensure that part mechanical property, precinct laser fusion rapid molding technology need the spherical shape of good fluidity Metal powder.This keeps precinct laser fusion rapid molding equipment operating cost very high.

In addition, Chinese invention patent " laser cladding forming equipment and a kind of metal zero of Publication No. CN101885063A The laser cladding forming method of part " discloses a kind of quick molding method and its equipment of laser melting coating silk material, and the equipment is main Workbench, laser device, wire feeder including three-dimensional motion and control system.Wherein, wire feeder includes pinching roller Right, the driving wheel for pinching roller pair is connect with stepper motor, and wire feed direction is controlled by a three-dimensional regulation device.Control system packet Multi-axis motion control card is included, multi-axis motion control card is connect with stepper motor, table drive motor and laser aid respectively.At Type method includes modeling, instruction conversion, slice forming and deposition modeling, by laser melting wire, forms molten drop, Molten drop accumulates cooling on the table, and forms thin slice with working table movement, and each thin slice deposits and forms three from level to level successively Tie up metal parts.

But above-mentioned laser cladding forming device and method are primarily present following three aspects problem：

The first, laser cannot protect molten drop, need to lead to protective gas at wire feeding mouth, and protective gas is easy cooling molten drop, Molten drop is solidified and is layered molding and is had an adverse effect, causes 3-dimensional metal part mechanical property relatively low.

The second, laser power is low and the diameter of wire is big, it is difficult to realize the fast short-term training of ceramic composite materials part Type.

Third, due to surface tension, molten drop cooled and solidified be molded when generate rounded constrictions, lead to piece surface not only It is sliding.

Invention content

In view of the above-mentioned deficiencies in the prior art, the technical problem to be solved by the present invention is that providing a kind of plasma melting Cast rapid forming equipment, simple structure and reasonable design and it is easy to use, shaping efficiency is high, using effect is good, without close Molding room is closed, and does not need protective atmosphere or vacuum environment, workpiece shaping process directly carries out under atmospheric environment.

In order to solve the above technical problems, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is：A kind of plasma founding rapid forming equipment, It is characterized in that：It is made of monitoring system, plasma beam system of processing and print platform, the print platform includes for waiting for into The horizontal stamp pad that type workpiece is placed and the stamp pad position regulator that the position of horizontal stamp pad is adjusted, the water Flat stamp pad is installed on the stamp pad position regulator；

The plasma beam system of processing by be equipped with nozzle and for generate beam-plasma plasma generator, Printing distance adjusting means that the outlet of the nozzle is adjusted with the distance between horizontal stamp pad are the plasma Body generator provides the feeder of working gas and the wire feeder for continuously sending out processed silk material forms；It is described it is equal from Daughter generator is located above horizontal stamp pad and it is mounted in the printing distance adjusting means, and the wire feeder is located at Above horizontal stamp pad and it is located at the plasma generator side；The feeder by air supply pipe with it is described it is equal from The air inlet connection opened on daughter generator；The outer end of the processed silk material is melting end, and the melting end is located at described Below the outlet of nozzle and it is located on the central axis of the beam-plasma；

The monitoring system includes that the position controlled the stamp pad position regulator adjusts controller, treats Temperature detecting unit that shaping workpiece upper surface temperature is measured in real time, between the outlet and horizontal stamp pad of the nozzle The distance detection unit that is measured in real time of distance and printing distance that the printing distance adjusting means are controlled adjust Controller is saved, the position adjustment controller is connect with the stamp pad position regulator, and the printing is apart from adjusting control Device is connect with the printing distance adjusting means, and the temperature detecting unit and distance detection unit are adjusted with printing distance and controlled Device connection processed；The temperature detecting unit forms temperature control device with printing apart from adjusting control device.

A kind of above-mentioned plasma founding rapid forming equipment, it is characterized in that：The monitoring system further include to it is described it is equal from Plasma generator controller that daughter generator is controlled, the gas flow that the gas flow of air supply pipe is measured in real time Detection unit and the gas flow controller controlled the flow control valve installed on air supply pipe, the plasma are controlled Device processed is connect with the plasma generator, and the detection of gas flow rate unit is connect with gas flow controller.

A kind of above-mentioned plasma founding rapid forming equipment, it is characterized in that：The plasma generator includes plasma Rifle, the nozzle are the anode nozzle of plasma gun front end；The plasma gun includes the gun body for being provided with the air inlet, is located at Anode nozzle immediately ahead of gun body and the cathode being plugged in gun body, the anode nozzle are located at cathode front side, the arc chamber On front side of cathode and it is located at the posterior medial of anode nozzle, and the front inner of the anode nozzle is spout；The anode Nozzle, cathode and arc chamber are laid with gun body in coaxial；The air inlet is located on rear side of gun body, and the spout is with gun body in same Axis is laid or the angle between gun body central axis is 30 °~45 °.

A kind of above-mentioned plasma founding rapid forming equipment, it is characterized in that：The wire feeder include top be wound with by It processes the wire tray of silk material, driven to being processed the wire feeder that silk material is conveyed and the wire feed driven to the wire feeder Motivation structure, the wire feeder are located on the inside of wire tray and are connect with the wire feeder；The wire tray is coaxially mounted in shaft And it can be rotated around the shaft.

A kind of above-mentioned plasma founding rapid forming equipment, it is characterized in that：The wire feeder further includes to being processed silk The three-dimensional regulation holder that the wire feed direction of material is adjusted, the wire feeder are mounted on three-dimensional regulation holder；The wire feed Mechanism is wire pushing roller, and the wire pushing roller includes driving roller group and driven roller group, and the driving roller group includes two By the driving roller that wire feed driving mechanism drive and rotation direction is opposite, the driven roller group includes two rotation sides To opposite and be located at the driven rollers of processed silk material both sides, the driving roller group is located at the driven roller group one Side, two driving rollers are located at processed silk material both sides；

The monitoring system further include the speed detection unit that is measured in real time of wire feed rate to being processed silk material and To the wire feed rate controller that wire feed driving mechanism is controlled, the speed detection unit is connect with wire feed rate controller.

A kind of above-mentioned plasma founding rapid forming equipment, it is characterized in that：The stamp pad position regulator is three axis Numerically-controlled machine tool；

Angle between the central axis and vertical plane of the beam-plasma that the plasma generator generates is not more than 45°；The printing distance adjusting means are upper to the nozzle adjust up and down along the central axis of the beam-plasma Lower adjusting apparatus, the distance detection unit are to export to level from the nozzle to the central axis along the beam-plasma The distance detection device that the distance between stamp pad is measured in real time.

Meanwhile a kind of invention additionally discloses method and steps simple, reasonable design and realize convenient, using effect it is good etc. from Sub- founding quick molding method, it is characterised in that：This approach includes the following steps：

Step 1: workpiece three-dimensional stereo model to be formed obtains and hierarchy slicing processing：Using data processing equipment and tune The three-dimensional stereo model that workpiece to be formed is obtained with image processing module recalls hierarchy slicing module treats shaping workpiece three It ties up three-dimensional model and carries out hierarchy slicing, and obtain multiple layering cross-sectional images；

It is multiple it is described layering cross-sectional images be treat shaping workpiece three-dimensional stereo model carry out hierarchy slicing after obtain it is more The image in a layering section, multiple layering sections are uniformly distributed from the bottom to top；

Step 2: scan path is filled：Using data processing equipment and described image processing module is called, in step 1 Multiple layering cross-sectional images are respectively processed, and complete the scan path filling process in multiple layering sections, are obtained Obtain the scan paths in multiple layering sections；

Step 3: printing path obtains：The data processing equipment is cut according to the multiple layerings obtained in step 2 The scan path in face obtains the printing path in multiple layering sections；The printing path in each layering section with this The scan path for being layered section is identical；

Step 4: successively printing from the bottom to top：According to obtained in step 3 it is multiple it is described layering sections printing paths, It successively treats shaping workpiece from the bottom to top to be printed, finished workpart made of acquisition is stacked from the bottom to top by multiple shape layers； The quantity of the shape layer is identical as the quantity in section is layered described in step 1, the installation position difference of multiple shape layers With it is multiple it is described layering sections installation positions correspond and its thickness all same, the thickness of the shape layer with it is two neighboring The distance between the layering section is identical, in step 3 it is multiple it is described layering sections printing paths be respectively it is multiple it is described at The printing path of type layer；When treating shaping workpiece and being printed, process is as follows：

Step 401, bottom printing：The position adjustment controller is according to current institute's printing shaping acquired in step 3 The printing path of layer, controls the stamp pad position regulator and horizontal stamp pad is driven to move in the horizontal plane It is dynamic；In the horizontal stamp pad moving process, interior band is melted the plasma beam of liquid stream by the plasma beam system of processing It is continuously sprayed onto on horizontal stamp pad；After melting liquid stream solidifies, the print procedure of current institute's printing shaping layer is completed；

In this step, current institute's printing shaping layer is the shape layer for being located at bottommost in multiple shape layers；

Step 402, last layer printing, include the following steps：

Step 4021, horizontal stamp pad move down：The position adjustment controller is adjusted by controlling the stamp pad position Device, the horizontal stamp pad of drive are once moved down and move down the layer of height and the shape layer in the vertical direction It is thick identical；

Step 4022, printing and synchronous temperature control：The position adjustment controller is according to current institute acquired in step 3 The printing path of printing shaping layer controls the stamp pad position regulator and drives horizontal stamp pad in horizontal plane On moved；In the horizontal stamp pad moving process, the plasma beam system of processing by interior band melt liquid stream etc. Ion beam current is continuously sprayed onto on the upper surface of current printed next shape layer；After melting liquid stream solidifies, Complete the print procedure of current institute's printing shaping layer；

In this step, in the horizontal stamp pad moving process, by temperature detecting unit under currently printed The upper surface temperature of one shape layer is measured in real time and adjusts detected temperature information synchronous driving to printing distance Controller is saved, while the distance between the outlet of the nozzle and horizontal stamp pad are examined in real time by distance detection unit It surveys and by the range information synchronous driving detected to printing apart from adjusting control device；It is described printing apart from adjusting control device according to Temperature information that temperature detecting unit is detected and by control the printing distance adjusting means to the outlet of the nozzle with The distance between horizontal stamp pad is adjusted, and keeps the upper surface temperature of current printed next shape layer not high In 0.6 times of the material fusing point of workpiece to be formed；

In horizontal stamp pad moving process described in step 401 and step 4022, the wire feeder is by processed silk material It is continuous to send out, while the beam-plasma generated by the plasma beam system of processing carries out the melting end for being processed silk material Fusing, and make the melting end melt the molten melt drop to be formed continuously and form liquid stream；The liquid stream be distributed in it is described it is equal from In beamlet, the interior plasma beam with melting liquid stream is formed；

Step 402 is repeated several times in step 403, until completing the print procedure of all shape layers of workpiece to be formed.

The above method, it is characterized in that：Before successively being printed from the bottom to top in step 4, data processing described in step 1 is set The material fusing point that basis pre-establishes standby first and printing range data library, and combine and waited for by what parameter input unit pre-entered The Material Name of shaping workpiece, the basis printing distance for treating shaping workpiece are determined；The parameter input unit with it is described Data processing equipment connects；

The material fusing point and printing range information of various material are stored in the material fusing point and printing range data library, The material fusing point and printing range information of each material include title, fusing point and the basis printing distance of this kind of material； The basis printing distance is 5mm~1000mm, and material fusing point is higher, and basis printing distance is closer；

Before carrying out bottom printing in step 401, the printing is examined apart from adjusting control device according to distance detection unit The range information of survey and by control it is described printing distance adjusting means will the nozzle outlet horizontal stamp pad between Distance is adjusted to the basis printing distance；In step 401 in bottom print procedure, the outlet of the nozzle and horizontal stamp pad The distance between for it is described basis print distance；

Before carrying out printing and synchronizing temperature control in step 4022, the printing is single according to distance detection apart from adjusting control device The number that moves down of range information and the horizontal stamp pad of combination that member is detected moves down height with each, and passes through control The distance adjusting means that print are by the upper surface of the outlet of the nozzle and current printed next shape layer The distance between be adjusted to it is described basis printing distance；In step 4022 between the outlet of the nozzle and horizontal stamp pad When distance is adjusted, temperature information that the printing is detected apart from adjusting control device according to temperature detecting unit and combine away from The distance between the outlet of the nozzle and horizontal stamp pad is adjusted in the range information detected from detection unit, makes to work as The upper surface temperature control of preceding printed next shape layer 0.1 times of material fusing point of workpiece to be formed~ Between 0.6 times；Also, when the distance between the outlet of the nozzle and horizontal stamp pad are adjusted, amplitude of accommodation 5mm ~60mm, and material fusing point is higher, the amplitude of accommodation is smaller.

The above method, it is characterized in that：The wire feeder includes that top is wound with the wire tray of processed silk material, to being processed The wire feeder and the wire feed driving mechanism driven to the wire feeder, the wire feeder that silk material is conveyed are located at It is connect on the inside of wire tray and with the wire feeder；The wire tray is coaxially mounted in shaft and can be rotated around the shaft；

The monitoring system further includes the plasma generator controller controlled to the plasma generator, to supplying Detection of gas flow rate unit that the gas flow of tracheae is measured in real time controls the flow control valve installed on air supply pipe The gas flow controller of system, the speed detection unit that is measured in real time of wire feed rate to being processed silk material and wire feed is driven The wire feed rate controller that motivation structure is controlled, the speed detection unit are connect with wire feed rate controller, it is described it is equal from Sub- generator controller is connect with the plasma generator, and the detection of gas flow rate unit connects with gas flow controller It connects, the distance detection unit is connect with gas flow controller；

Before successively being printed from the bottom to top in step 4, the first basis of data processing equipment described in step 1 pre-establishes Gas flow and wire feed rate database, and in conjunction with the thickness of the preset shape layer, to the base gas of air supply pipe The wire feed rate of flow and the wire feeder is determined；

The gas flow and wire feed rate databases contain the wire feed speed needed for the shape layer of a variety of different thickness Degree and base gas flow；The base gas flow is 5ml/min~500ml/min, and the wire feed of the wire feeder is fast Degree is bigger, and the base gas flow is bigger；

In horizontal stamp pad moving process described in step 401 and step 4022, the speed detection unit is sent to described The wire feed rate of silk device is measured in real time and by institute's detection information synchronous driving to wire feed rate controller, and the wire feed is fast Controller is spent according to the wire feed rate of the predetermined wire feeder and combines speed detection unit institute detection information to sending Silk driving mechanism is controlled, and keeps the wire feed rate of the wire feeder identical as predetermined wire feed rate；

Before carrying out bottom printing in step 401, the gas flow controller is examined according to detection of gas flow rate unit Measurement information and by control flow control valve the gas flow of air supply pipe is adjusted to the base gas flow；In step 401 In bottom print procedure, the gas flow of the air supply pipe is the base gas flow；

It carries out printing in step 4022 and synchronize in temperature control process, the gas flow controller is according to detection of gas flow rate Unit institute's detection information simultaneously combines distance detection unit institute detecting distance information, and by controlling flow control valve to air supply pipe Gas flow is increased and decreased adjustment；Also, the distance between the outlet of the nozzle and horizontal stamp pad are bigger, the air supply pipe Gas flow it is bigger.

The above method, it is characterized in that：In horizontal stamp pad moving process described in step 401 and step 4022, the quilt The wire feed rate for processing silk material is 0.1m/min~10m/min, a diameter of 0.02mm~10mm of the processed silk material；It is described The diameter for being processed silk material is bigger, and wire feed rate is slower；And the material fusing point for being processed silk material is higher, wire feed rate is slower；

In step 4 from the bottom to top successively print before, by between the melting end of processed silk material and horizontal stamp pad away from From preset wire feed height is adjusted to, the wire feed height is 5mm~1000mm；It is successively printed from the bottom to top in step 4 In the process, the fusing end position for being processed silk material is motionless.

Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following advantages：

1, used plasma founding rapid forming equipment simple structure and reasonable design and input cost it is relatively low, processing It makes and installation is laid conveniently.

2, used plasma founding rapid forming equipment is not necessarily to closed molding room, and does not need protective atmosphere or true Altitude, workpiece shaping process directly carry out under atmospheric environment.Thus, structure is very simple, and forming part size is not It is restricted, equipment price is relatively low.

3, printed material (being processed silk material) supply of plasma founding rapid forming equipment is in energy source beam-plasma In (the drop plasma beam of material), the moulding cylinder system for not needing powdering does not need powdering system, it is only necessary to wire feed dress It sets, structure significantly simplifies.

4, used plasma founding rapid forming equipment is easy to use, intelligence degree and shaping efficiency are high, Using effect is good, and the quality of institute's shaping workpiece is high.Used monitoring system includes being controlled to stamp pad position regulator The position adjustment controller of system treats temperature detecting unit that shaping workpiece upper surface temperature is measured in real time, to nozzle The distance detection unit and printing distance adjusting means are carried out that the distance between outlet and horizontal stamp pad are measured in real time The printing of control is connect apart from adjusting control device, position adjustment controller with stamp pad position regulator, and printing distance is adjusted Controller is connect with printing distance adjusting means, and temperature detecting unit and distance detection unit are with printing apart from adjusting control device Connection；Temperature detecting unit forms temperature control device with printing apart from adjusting control device.In actual use, temperature regulates and controls Printing in system controls printing distance adjusting means according to temperature detecting unit institute's detection information apart from adjusting control device System so that printing distance energy automatic adjusument can prevent the shape layer that completion has been printed caused by printing hypotelorism in this way Occur the problem of fusing again, and can also prevent caused by printing hypertelorism formed precision is relatively low, melts liquid stream being sprayed onto The problems such as being solidified before next printable layer upper surface so that forming process is easily controllable, and realizes conveniently, while can have Effect prevents workpiece surface from aoxidizing, because without closed vacuum environment is arranged.In addition, used monitoring system further includes Gas flow automatic adjusument and wire feed rate automatic adjusument function, intelligence degree are high.

5, the energy source that plasma founding rapid forming equipment uses is beam-plasma, and beam-plasma power is up to tens of thousand Watt, metal, ceramics, resin and other composite materials can be melted, realizes the 3D printing of above-mentioned material part.Generate beam-plasma Plasma generator (be specifically plasma gun) it is simple in structure, operation expense is low, and equipment cost is low.

6, the molten melt drop of plasma founding rapid forming equipment institute printed material is in plasma beam, beam-plasma sheet Body has protective effect, adds the effect of working gas, can effectively prevent the oxidation of printed material, which need not protect Atmosphere or vacuum environment directly use under atmospheric environment, with device structure is simple, operating cost is low, forming part size The advantages that unrestricted.

7, plasma founding rapid forming equipment is continuously sent processed silk material into beam-plasma using wire feeder, is beaten The cost of material is low for print.

8, by settable liquid at solid-state, technical process simplifies materials behavior when plasma founding rapid forming equipment prints, Reduce the technology difficulty and cost of 3D printing.Meanwhile in working gas (beam-plasma includes unionized working gas) Under effect, the melting end of processed silk material, which heats in beam-plasma and is fused into molten condition, forms small drop, melts Molten melt drop afterwards is continuous and forms liquid stream and is sprayed together with beam-plasma, forms the interior plasma beam with melting liquid stream； After being sprayed with beam-plasma due to the melting liquid stream that processed silk material is formed after fusing, forms interior band printed material and melt liquid stream Microstream, form casting type molding, the rounded constrictions phenomenon that generates when avoiding the molding of molten drop cooled and solidified, part mechanical property Can be high, surface is smooth, reduces the technology difficulty of rapid shaping.

9, used plasma founding quick molding method step is simple, reasonable design and realization are convenient, using effect Good, beam-plasma has protective effect, does not need protective atmosphere or vacuum environment, is directly printed under atmospheric environment.And And printed material supply does not need the molding of powdering in energy source beam-plasma (the melting liquid stream plasma beam of material) Cylinder system.When printing, by settable liquid at solid-state, technical process simplifies materials behavior, reduce 3D printing technology difficulty and Cost, and it is no longer size-limited to print part.As shown in the above, the present invention to traditional plasma surfacing method into Row substantially improves, and existing plasma surfacing method is generally both provided with plasma arc pressure Height-adjusting device, plasma gun and workpiece The distance on surface is not more than 15mm, and the scope of application is limited.And in the present invention, printing distance can be adjusted interior on a large scale, fit It answers unlike material to print demand, and workpiece shaping quality can be effectively ensured.

Below by drawings and examples, technical scheme of the present invention will be described in further detail.

Description of the drawings

Fig. 1 is the structural schematic diagram of plasma founding rapid forming equipment of the present invention.

Fig. 2 is the structural schematic diagram of plasma gun in the embodiment of the present invention 1.

Fig. 3 is the schematic block circuit diagram of monitoring system of the present invention.

Fig. 4 is structural schematic diagram of the present invention into compression ring.

Fig. 5 is the structural schematic diagram of air inlet ring body of the present invention.

Fig. 6 is the flow diagram of plasma founding quick molding method of the present invention.

Fig. 7 is the structural schematic diagram of plasma gun in the embodiment of the present invention 2.

Reference sign:

1-feeder；2-are processed silk material；3-workpiece to be formed；

4-horizontal stamp pads；5-air supply pipes；6-wire trays；

7-plasma generator controllers；8-distance detection units；9-temperature detecting units；

10-printings are apart from adjusting control device；11-detection of gas flow rate units；

12-gas flow controllers；13-plasma guns；13-1-gun body；

13-2-anode nozzle；13-3-cathode；13-4-arc chamber；

13-5-spout；13-6-insulating layer；14-wire feed driving mechanisms；

15-positions adjust controller；16-three axis numerically controlled machines；17-upper and lower adjusting apparatus；

18-speed detection units；19-wire pushing rollers；20-wire feed rate controllers；

21-into compression ring；21-1-air inlet ring body；21-2-annular sealing cover；

21-3-annular air inlet duct；21-4-outside air admission hole；21-5-inside air admission hole；

22-three-dimensional regulation holders；23-PC machine；24-flow control valves.

Specific implementation mode

A kind of plasma founding rapid forming equipment as shown in Figure 1, by monitoring system, plasma beam system of processing and Print platform forms, and the print platform includes for the horizontal stamp pad 4 of workpiece 3 to be formed placement and to horizontal stamp pad 4 The stamp pad position regulator that position is adjusted, the horizontal stamp pad 4 are installed on the stamp pad position regulator On.

The plasma beam system of processing by be equipped with nozzle and for generate beam-plasma plasma generator, Printing distance adjusting means that the outlet of the nozzle is adjusted with the distance between horizontal stamp pad 4, for it is described etc. from Daughter generator provides the feeder 1 of working gas and the wire feeder for continuously sending out processed silk material 2 forms；It is described Plasma generator is located at 4 top of horizontal stamp pad and it is mounted in the printing distance adjusting means, the wire feed dress Setting in the top of horizontal stamp pad 4 and its be located at the plasma generator side.The feeder 1 passes through air supply pipe 5 It is connect with the air inlet opened on the plasma generator.The outer end of the processed silk material 2 is melting end, the fusing End is below the outlet of the nozzle and it is located on the central axis of the beam-plasma.The processed silk material 2 is to beat Print material.

As shown in figure 3, the monitoring system includes the position adjustment controlled the stamp pad position regulator Controller 15 treats temperature detecting unit 9, the outlet to the nozzle that 3 upper surface temperature of shaping workpiece is measured in real time Distance detection unit 8 that the distance between horizontal stamp pad 4 is measured in real time and to the printing distance adjusting means into The printing of row control connects apart from adjusting control device 10, the position adjustment controller 15 with the stamp pad position regulator It connects, the printing is connect apart from adjusting control device 10 with the printing distance adjusting means, the temperature detecting unit 9 and distance Detection unit 8 is connect with printing apart from adjusting control device 10.The temperature detecting unit 9 is with printing apart from adjusting control device 10 Form temperature control device.The temperature detecting unit 9 be to the plasma beam system of processing on workpiece 3 to be formed The infrared temperature sensor that temperature is measured in real time at print position.The distance detection unit 8 is laser range sensor.

In the present embodiment, the monitoring system further includes that the plasma controlled the plasma generator occurs Controller 7, the detection of gas flow rate unit 11 that the gas flow of air supply pipe 5 is measured in real time and to being installed on air supply pipe 5 The gas flow controller 12 that is controlled of flow control valve 24, the plasma generator controller 7 and the plasma Generator connects, and the detection of gas flow rate unit 11 is connect with gas flow controller 12.

As shown in Fig. 2, the plasma generator includes plasma gun 13, the nozzle is 13 front end of plasma gun Anode nozzle 13-2.The plasma gun 13 includes being provided with the gun body 13-1 of the air inlet, immediately ahead of gun body 13-1 Anode nozzle 13-2 and the cathode 13-3, the anode nozzle 13-2 that are plugged in gun body 13-1 are located at the front sides cathode 13-3, institute State that arc chamber 13-4 is located on front side of cathode 13-3 and it is located at the posterior medial of anode nozzle 13-2, the anode nozzle 13-2's Front inner is spout 13-5；The anode nozzle 13-2, cathode 13-3 and arc chamber 13-4 are in coaxial cloth with gun body 13-1 If；The air inlet is located on rear side of gun body 13-1, the spout 13-5 and gun body 13-1 in it is coaxial lay or with the gun body 13- Angle between 1 central axis is 30 °~45 °.

In actual use, the plasma gun 13 is mounted in the printing distance adjusting means.

In actual use, the plasma gun 13 can also use conventional other plasma guns.

In the present embodiment, insulating layer 13-6 is provided between the anode nozzle 13-2 and gun body 13-1.

In the present embodiment, as shown in Fig. 2, the spout 13-5 and gun body 13-1 is laid in coaxial.

In the present embodiment, the air supply pipe 5 is by into the air inlet opened on compression ring 21 and the plasma generator Connection.Also, by uniformly being supplied into the plasma generator into compression ring 21.

As shown in Figure 4, Figure 5, it is described into compression ring 21 be circular ring shape and it include air inlet ring body 21-1 and lid be mounted in air inlet There are one rings to be opened on circular ring shape and its madial wall by annular sealing cover 21-2, the air inlet ring body 21-1 on ring body 21-1 Open that there are one in the outside air admission hole 21-4 that connects with air supply pipe 5 and its on shape air inlet duct 21-3, the air inlet ring body 21-1 Side is provided with multiple inside air admission hole 21-5, and multiple inside air admission hole 21-5 are along the circumferential direction uniformly distributed and it is respectively positioned on ring On the inside of shape air inlet duct 21-3, the outside air admission hole 21-4 is located on the outside of annular air inlet duct 21-3, the outside air admission hole 21-4 It is communicated with inside annular air inlet duct 21-3 with multiple inside air admission hole 21-5.

Also, it is along the circumferential direction provided with and multiple is communicated respectively with multiple inside air admission hole 21-5 on the gun body 13-1 Gun body air admission hole.

In actual use, the plasma gun 13 is mounted in the printing distance adjusting means.

During 13 use of plasma gun as shown in Figure 2, plasma is generated in the arc chamber 13-4, it is generated Plasma forms beam-plasma and is sprayed through spout 13-5.

In the present embodiment, the working gas is inert gas or H₂Gas.

Wherein, inert gas is Ar gas, He gas and N₂Gas.

In the present embodiment, the stamp pad position regulator is three axis numerically controlled machine 16.

Thus, the position adjustment controller 15 is the controller of three axis numerically controlled machine 16.

In actual use, the stamp pad position regulator can also can complete X, Y and three directions of Z axis using other The device of movement.

In actual use, between the central axis and vertical plane of the beam-plasma that the plasma generator generates Angle be not more than 45 °；The printing distance adjusting means are the central axis along the beam-plasma to nozzle progress Adjusting apparatus 17 up and down adjusted up and down, the distance detection unit 8 are to the central axis along the beam-plasma from described The distance detection device for exporting to the distance between horizontal stamp pad 4 and being measured in real time of nozzle.

In the present embodiment, the adjusting apparatus 17 up and down is Z-direction adjusting apparatus.

Also, the adjusting apparatus 17 up and down is telescopic hydraulic cylinder.

In the present embodiment, the central axis for the beam-plasma that the plasma generator generates is in vertically to laying.It is real Border is in use, can according to specific needs, to the central axis and vertical plane of the beam-plasma that the plasma generator generates Between angle adjust accordingly.

In the present embodiment, the wire feeder includes that top is wound with the wire tray 6 of processed silk material 2, to being processed silk material 2 The wire feeder conveyed and the wire feed driving mechanism 14 driven to the wire feeder, the wire feeder are located at silk It is connect on the inside of disk 6 and with the wire feeder；The wire tray 6 is coaxially mounted in shaft and can be rotated around the shaft.

Meanwhile the wire feeder further includes the three-dimensional regulation holder that the wire feed direction for being processed silk material 2 is adjusted 22, the wire feeder is mounted on three-dimensional regulation holder 22.In actual use, existed respectively by the three-dimensional regulation holder 22 The wire feed direction for being processed silk material 2 is adjusted in X-axis, Y-axis and Z-direction.

In the present embodiment, the wire feeder be wire pushing roller 19, the wire pushing roller 19 include driving roller group and from Dynamic roller group, the driving roller group include two actives for by wire feed driving mechanism 14 drive and rotation direction is opposite Idler wheel, the driven roller group include that two rotation directions are opposite and be located at the driven roller of 2 both sides of processed silk material, institute It states driving roller group and is located at driven roller group side, two driving rollers are located at 2 both sides of processed silk material.

In the present embodiment, the wire feed driving mechanism 14 is stepper motor.In actual use, by changing the step The rotating speed of stepper motor carries out easy, quickly adjustment to the wire feed rate of the wire feeder.

Also, the wire feed rate of the wire feeder is at the uniform velocity.

In the present embodiment, the monitoring system further includes the speed being measured in real time to the wire feed rate for being processed silk material 2 Degree detection unit 18 and wire feed rate controller 20 that wire feed driving mechanism 14 is controlled, the speed detection unit 18 with Wire feed rate controller 20 connects.

In actual use, the monitoring system further includes respectively to horizontal stamp pad 4 in X-axis, Y-axis and Z-direction The first displacement detecting unit, second displacement detection unit and the third displacement detecting unit that displacement is measured in real time, described One displacement detecting unit, second displacement detection unit and third displacement detecting unit are connect with position adjustment controller 15.

In the present embodiment, the plasma generator controller 7, position adjustment controller 15, is beaten gas flow controller 12 Print connects with the data processing equipment apart from adjusting control device 10 and wire feed rate controller 20, the data processing equipment For PC machine 23.The feeder 1 carries out start-up and shut-down control by PC machine 23.

A kind of beam-plasma founding quick molding method as shown in FIG. 6, includes the following steps：

Step 1: workpiece three-dimensional stereo model to be formed obtains and hierarchy slicing processing：Using data processing equipment and tune The three-dimensional stereo model that workpiece 3 to be formed is obtained with image processing module recalls hierarchy slicing module and treats shaping workpiece 3 Three-dimensional stereo model carries out hierarchy slicing, and obtains multiple layering cross-sectional images；

It is multiple it is described layering cross-sectional images be treat shaping workpiece 3 three-dimensional stereo model carry out hierarchy slicing after obtain it is more The image in a layering section, multiple layering sections are uniformly distributed from the bottom to top；

Step 2: scan path is filled：Using data processing equipment and described image processing module is called, in step 1 Multiple layering cross-sectional images are respectively processed, and complete the scan path filling process in multiple layering sections, are obtained Obtain the scan paths in multiple layering sections；

Step 3: printing path obtains：The data processing equipment is cut according to the multiple layerings obtained in step 2 The scan path in face obtains the printing path in multiple layering sections；The printing path in each layering section with this The scan path for being layered section is identical；

Step 4: successively printing from the bottom to top：According to obtained in step 3 it is multiple it is described layering sections printing paths, It successively treats shaping workpiece 3 from the bottom to top to be printed, finished workpart made of acquisition is stacked from the bottom to top by multiple shape layers； The quantity of the shape layer is identical as the quantity in section is layered described in step 1, the installation position difference of multiple shape layers With it is multiple it is described layering sections installation positions correspond and its thickness all same, the thickness of the shape layer with it is two neighboring The distance between the layering section is identical, in step 3 it is multiple it is described layering sections printing paths be respectively it is multiple it is described at The printing path of type layer；The Method of printing all same of multiple shape layers；When treating shaping workpiece 3 and being printed, process is such as Under：

Step 401, bottom printing：The position adjustment controller 15 is currently printed as according to acquired in step 3 The printing path of type layer, the stamp pad position regulator is controlled and drive horizontal stamp pad 4 in the horizontal plane into Row movement；In 4 moving process of horizontal stamp pad, interior band is melted the plasma of liquid stream by the plasma beam system of processing Line is continuously sprayed onto on horizontal stamp pad 4；Liquid stream (the melting liquid stream specifically flowing on horizontal stamp pad 4) to be melted solidifies Afterwards, the print procedure of current institute's printing shaping layer is completed；

In this step, current institute's printing shaping layer is the shape layer for being located at bottommost in multiple shape layers；

Step 402, last layer printing, include the following steps：

Step 4021, horizontal stamp pad move down：The position adjustment controller 15 is by controlling stamp pad position tune Engagement positions, the horizontal stamp pad of drive 4 are once moved down and move down height and the shape layer in the vertical direction Thickness it is identical；

Step 4022, printing and synchronous temperature control：The position adjustment controller 15 is current acquired in step 3 The printing path of institute's printing shaping layer controls the stamp pad position regulator and drives horizontal stamp pad 4 in water It is moved in plane；In 4 moving process of horizontal stamp pad, interior band is melted liquid stream by the plasma beam system of processing Plasma beam be continuously sprayed onto on the upper surface of current printed next shape layer；Liquid stream to be melted is (specific To flow to the melting liquid stream on the upper surface of current printed next shape layer) solidify after, complete current institute The print procedure of printing shaping layer；

In this step, in 4 moving process of horizontal stamp pad, by temperature detecting unit 9 to currently printed The upper surface temperature of next shape layer is measured in real time and by detected temperature information synchronous driving to printing distance Adjusting control device 10, while the distance between outlet of the nozzle and horizontal stamp pad 4 are carried out by distance detection unit 8 Detection in real time simultaneously extremely prints the range information synchronous driving detected apart from adjusting control device 10；The printing distance, which is adjusted, to be controlled Temperature information that device 10 processed is detected according to temperature detecting unit 9 and by controlling the printing distance adjusting means to the spray The distance between the outlet of head and horizontal stamp pad 4 are adjusted, and make the upper of current printed next shape layer Surface temperature is not higher than 0.6 times of the material fusing point of workpiece 3 to be formed；

In 4 moving process of horizontal stamp pad described in step 401 and step 4022, the wire feeder is by processed silk material The 2 continuous beam-plasmas sent out, while generated by the plasma beam system of processing to be processed the melting end of silk material 2 into Row fusing, and make the melting end melt the molten melt drop to be formed continuously and form liquid stream；The liquid stream is distributed in described etc. In ion beam, the interior plasma beam with melting liquid stream is formed.Also, the melting liquid stream is in the working gas (plasma Beam includes unionized working gas) under the action of moved along the central axis of the beam-plasma；

Step 402 is repeated several times in step 403, until completing the print procedure of 3 all shape layers of workpiece to be formed.

In actual use, the wire feeder is synchronous wire feeding device.

The plasma beam that interior band is melted liquid stream by plasma beam system of processing described in step 401 is continuously sprayed onto level When on stamp pad 4, the melting liquid stream of interior band, which synchronizes, to be flow on horizontal stamp pad 4.Plasma beam described in step 4022 is processed The plasma beam of interior band melting liquid stream is continuously sprayed onto the upper surface of current printed next shape layer by system When upper, the melting liquid stream of interior band, which synchronizes, to be flow on the upper surface of current printed next shape layer.

In the present embodiment, before successively being printed from the bottom to top in step 4, the root of data processing equipment elder generation described in step 1 According to the material fusing point and printing range data library pre-established, and combine the work to be formed pre-entered by parameter input unit The Material Name of part 3, the basis printing distance for treating shaping workpiece 3 are determined；The parameter input unit and the data Processing equipment connects；

The material fusing point and printing range information of various material are stored in the material fusing point and printing range data library, The material fusing point and printing range information of each material include title, fusing point and the basis printing distance of this kind of material； The basis printing distance is 5mm~1000mm, and material fusing point is higher, and basis printing distance is closer；

Before carrying out bottom printing in step 401, the printing is apart from adjusting control device 10 according to 8 institute of distance detection unit The range information of detection and will be between the outlet of the nozzle and horizontal stamp pad 4 by controlling the printing distance adjusting means Distance be adjusted to it is described basis printing distance；In step 401 in bottom print procedure, the outlet of the nozzle is printed with horizontal The distance between platform 4 is that the basis prints distance；

Before carrying out printing and synchronizing temperature control in step 4022, the printing is detected apart from adjusting control device 10 according to distance Range information that unit 8 is detected simultaneously combines moving down number and moving down height every time for horizontal stamp pad 4, and passes through Control the printing distance adjusting means exporting for the nozzle is upper with current printed next shape layer The distance between surface is adjusted to the basis printing distance；To the outlet of the nozzle and horizontal stamp pad 4 in step 4022 The distance between when being adjusted, the printing is believed apart from adjusting control device 10 according to the temperature that temperature detecting unit 9 is detected It ceases and the range information that is detected in conjunction with distance detection unit 8 is to the distance between the outlet of the nozzle and horizontal stamp pad 4 It is adjusted, makes the upper surface temperature control of current printed next shape layer in the material of workpiece 3 to be formed Between 0.1 times of fusing point~0.6 times；Also, the distance between the outlet of the nozzle and horizontal stamp pad 4 are adjusted When, the amplitude of accommodation is 5mm~60mm, and material fusing point is higher, and the amplitude of accommodation is smaller.

In the present embodiment, before successively being printed from the bottom to top in step 4, the root of data processing equipment elder generation described in step 1 According to the gas flow and wire feed rate database pre-established, and in conjunction with the thickness of the preset shape layer, to gas supply The base gas flow of pipe 5 and the wire feed rate of the wire feeder are determined；

The gas flow and wire feed rate databases contain the wire feed speed needed for the shape layer of a variety of different thickness Degree and base gas flow；The base gas flow is 5ml/min~500ml/min, and the wire feed of the wire feeder is fast Degree is bigger, and the base gas flow is bigger；

In 4 moving process of horizontal stamp pad described in step 401 and step 4022, the speed detection unit 18 is to described The wire feed rate of wire feeder is measured in real time and by institute's detection information synchronous driving to wire feed rate controller 20, described to send Silk speed control 20 is detected according to the wire feed rate and combination speed detection unit 18 of the predetermined wire feeder Information controls wire feed driving mechanism 14, make the wire feed rate of the wire feeder with predetermined wire feed rate phase Together；

Before carrying out bottom printing in step 401, the gas flow controller 12 is according to detection of gas flow rate unit 11 Institute's detection information and by control flow control valve 24 gas flow of air supply pipe 5 is adjusted to the base gas flow；Step In rapid 401 in bottom print procedure, the gas flow of the air supply pipe 5 is the base gas flow；

It carries out printing in step 4022 and synchronize in temperature control process, the gas flow controller 12 is examined according to gas flow It surveys 11 detection informations of unit and combines 8 detecting distance information of distance detection unit, and is right by controlling flow control valve 24 The gas flow of air supply pipe 5 is increased and decreased adjustment；Also, the distance between the outlet of the nozzle and horizontal stamp pad 4 are bigger, The gas flow of the air supply pipe 5 is bigger.

In the present embodiment, when obtaining the three-dimensional stereo model of the workpiece 3 to be formed, pro/e, UG, CATIA etc. three is utilized Dimension graphics software designs the three-dimensional stereo model (i.e. three-dimensional entity model) of workpiece 3 to be formed, then passes through the hierarchy slicing Module carries out hierarchy slicing to the three-dimensional stereo model, and obtains the outline data in each section, and generating filling by outline data sweeps Path is retouched, the corresponding printing path (printing path in i.e. each layering section) for obtaining three axis numerically controlled machine 16.Thus, step 1 and Method employed in step 2, the method phase used with the molding of conventional laser selective melting or electron beam selective melting molding Together.Later, the three axis numerically controlled machine 16 carries out X in the horizontal plane according to the printing path obtained and Y direction is moved through Cheng Zhong, the plasma beam system of processing by interior band melt liquid stream plasma beam be continuously sprayed onto on horizontal stamp pad 4 or On the upper surface of current printed next shape layer；After melting liquid stream solidifies, one shape layer of completion Print procedure；Then, the three axis numerically controlled machine 16 declines in the Z-axis direction, successively prints, to complete beating for 3 d part Print process.

In the present embodiment, in 4 moving process of horizontal stamp pad described in step 401 and step 4022, the processed silk The wire feed rate of a diameter of 0.02mm~10mm of material 2, the processed silk material 2 are 0.1m~10m/min.Wherein, it is processed The diameter of silk material 2 is bigger, and wire feed rate is slower；And the material fusing point for being processed silk material 2 is higher, wire feed rate is slower.

The distance between the melting end of the processed silk material 2 and print job face are 5mm~1000mm.Wherein, it prints Working face is the plane residing for current institute's printing shaping layer, is processed between the melting end and the print job face of silk material 2 Distance is wire feed height.

It, will be between the melting end of processed silk material 2 and horizontal stamp pad 4 before successively being printed from the bottom to top in step 4 Distance is adjusted to preset wire feed height, and the wire feed height is 5mm~1000mm；It is successively beaten from the bottom to top in step 4 During print, the fusing end position for being processed silk material 2 is motionless.The melting end of silk material 2 and horizontal stamp pad are processed in step 401 The distance between 4 be wire feed height, be processed in step 4022 melting end of silk material 2 with it is current printed next described The distance between shape layer upper surface is wire feed height.

Embodiment 2

In the present embodiment, as shown in fig. 7, used plasma founding rapid forming equipment is as different from Example 1： Angle between the spout 13-5 and gun body 13-1 central axis is 30 °~45 °.

In this way, after being changed to the direction of the beam-plasma by spout 13-5, plasma jet can be effectively reduced To the thermic load impact that anode nozzle 13-2 is generated, anode ablation situation is improved.

In the present embodiment, rest part structure, connection relation and the work of used plasma founding rapid forming equipment Principle is same as Example 1.

In the present embodiment, used plasma founding quick molding method is same as Example 1.

The above is only presently preferred embodiments of the present invention, is not imposed any restrictions to the present invention, every according to the present invention Technical spirit changes any simple modification, change and equivalent structure made by above example, still falls within skill of the present invention In the protection domain of art scheme.

Claims (10)

1. a kind of plasma founding rapid forming equipment, it is characterised in that：By monitoring system, plasma beam system of processing and beat Platform composition is printed, the print platform includes for the horizontal stamp pad (4) of workpiece to be formed (3) placement and to horizontal stamp pad (4) the stamp pad position regulator that position is adjusted, the horizontal stamp pad (4) are installed on stamp pad position tune In engagement positions；

The plasma beam system of processing is by being equipped with nozzle and for generating the plasma generator of beam-plasma, to institute Printing distance adjusting means that the distance between outlet and the horizontal stamp pad (4) for stating nozzle are adjusted are the plasma Body generator provides the feeder (1) of working gas and for continuously sending out the wire feeder composition for being processed silk material (2)；Institute State that plasma generator is located above horizontal stamp pad (4) and it is mounted in the printing distance adjusting means, it is described to send Silk device is located above horizontal stamp pad (4) and it is located at the plasma generator side；The feeder (1) passes through Air supply pipe (5) is connect with the air inlet opened on the plasma generator；The outer end of the processed silk material (2) is fusing End, the melting end is located at below the outlet of the nozzle and it is located on the central axis of the beam-plasma；

The monitoring system includes that the position controlled the stamp pad position regulator adjusts controller (15), treats Temperature detecting unit (9), the outlet to the nozzle and the horizontal printing that shaping workpiece (3) upper surface temperature is measured in real time The distance detection unit (8) and the printing distance adjusting means are controlled that the distance between platform (4) is measured in real time Printing apart from adjusting control device (10), the position adjustment controller (15) connect with the stamp pad position regulator, The printing is connect apart from adjusting control device (10) with the printing distance adjusting means, the temperature detecting unit (9) and away from It is connect with adjusting control device (10) with a distance from printing from detection unit (8)；The temperature detecting unit (9) is adjusted with printing distance Controller (10) forms temperature control device；The central axis and vertical plane for the beam-plasma that the plasma generator generates Between angle be not more than 45 °；The printing distance adjusting means are the central axis along the beam-plasma to the nozzle The adjusting apparatus up and down (17) adjusted up and down is carried out, the distance detection unit (8) is to the central shaft along the beam-plasma The distance detection device that exports to horizontal stamp pad (4) the distance between be measured in real time of the line from the nozzle.

2. a kind of plasma founding rapid forming equipment described in accordance with the claim 1, it is characterised in that：The monitoring system is also Include the plasma generator controller (7) that the plasma generator is controlled, to the gas flow of air supply pipe (5) into The detection of gas flow rate unit (11) that detects in real time of row and the flow control valve (24) installed on air supply pipe (5) is controlled Gas flow controller (12), the plasma generator controller (7) connect with the plasma generator, the gas stream Amount detection unit (11) is connect with gas flow controller (12).

3. according to a kind of plasma founding rapid forming equipment as claimed in claim 1 or 2, it is characterised in that：The plasma Body generator includes plasma gun (13), and the nozzle is the anode nozzle (13-2) of plasma gun (13) front end；It is described it is equal from Sub- rifle (13) include the gun body (13-1) for being provided with the air inlet, be located at gun body (13-1) immediately ahead of anode nozzle (13-2) and The cathode (13-3) being plugged in gun body (13-1), the anode nozzle (13-2) are located on front side of cathode (13-3), arc chamber (13-4) is located on front side of cathode (13-3) and it is located at the posterior medial of anode nozzle (13-2), the anode nozzle (13-2) Front inner is spout (13-5)；The anode nozzle (13-2), cathode (13-3) and arc chamber (13-4) with gun body (13- 1) it is in coaxial lay；The air inlet is located on rear side of gun body (13-1), and the spout (13-5) is in coaxial cloth with gun body (13-1) If or the angle between gun body (13-1) central axis is 30 °~45 °.

4. according to a kind of plasma founding rapid forming equipment as claimed in claim 1 or 2, it is characterised in that：The wire feed dress It sets and is wound with the wire tray (6) of processed silk material (2), to being processed the wire feeder that is conveyed of silk material (2) and right including top The wire feed driving mechanism (14) that the wire feeder is driven, the wire feeder are located on the inside of wire tray (6) and are sent with described The connection of silk mechanism；The wire tray (6) is coaxially mounted in shaft and can be rotated around the shaft.

5. a kind of plasma founding rapid forming equipment according to claim 4, it is characterised in that：The wire feeder is also Include the three-dimensional regulation holder (22) that the wire feed direction for being processed silk material (2) is adjusted, the wire feeder is mounted on three It ties up in adjusting bracket (22)；The wire feeder be wire pushing roller (19), the wire pushing roller (19) include driving roller group and Driven roller group, the driving roller group include two and carry out driving by wire feed driving mechanism (14) and rotation direction is opposite Driving roller, the driven roller group include two rotation directions on the contrary and are located at the driven of processed silk material (2) both sides Idler wheel, the driving roller group are located at driven roller group side, and two driving rollers are located at processed silk material (2) both sides；

The monitoring system further includes the speed detection unit (18) being measured in real time to the wire feed rate for being processed silk material (2) With the wire feed rate controller (20) controlled wire feed driving mechanism (14), the speed detection unit (18) and wire feed speed Controller (20) is spent to connect.

6. according to a kind of plasma founding rapid forming equipment as claimed in claim 1 or 2, it is characterised in that：The stamp pad Position regulator is three axis numerically controlled machine (16).

7. a kind for the treatment of the molding method of shaping workpiece progress using rapid forming equipment as described in claim 1, feature exists In：This approach includes the following steps：

Step 1: workpiece three-dimensional stereo model to be formed obtains and hierarchy slicing processing：Using data processing equipment and calling figure As the three-dimensional stereo model of processing module acquisition workpiece (3) to be formed, recalls hierarchy slicing module and treat shaping workpiece (3) Three-dimensional stereo model carries out hierarchy slicing, and obtains multiple layering cross-sectional images；

It is multiple it is described layering cross-sectional images be treat shaping workpiece (3) three-dimensional stereo model progress hierarchy slicing after obtain it is multiple It is layered the image in section, multiple layering sections are uniformly distributed from the bottom to top；

Step 2: scan path is filled：Using data processing equipment and described image processing module is called, to multiple in step 1 The layering cross-sectional image is respectively processed, and completes the scan path filling process in multiple layering sections, is obtained more The scan path in a layering section；

Step 3: printing path obtains：The data processing equipment is according to the multiple layering sections obtained in step 2 Scan path obtains the printing path in multiple layering sections；The printing path in each layering section with the layering The scan path in section is identical；

Step 4: successively printing from the bottom to top：According to the printing path in the multiple layering sections obtained in step 3, under Supreme shaping workpiece (3) of successively treating is printed, finished workpart made of acquisition is stacked from the bottom to top by multiple shape layers；Institute State that the quantity of shape layer is identical as the quantity in section is layered described in step 1, the installation positions of multiple shape layers respectively with The installation position in multiple layering sections corresponds and its thickness all same, the thickness of the shape layer and two neighboring institute It is identical to state the distance between layering section, multiple printing paths for being layered sections are respectively multiple moldings in step 3 The printing path of layer；When treating shaping workpiece (3) and being printed, process is as follows：

Step 401, bottom printing：The position adjustment controller (15) is according to current institute's printing shaping acquired in step 3 Layer printing path, the stamp pad position regulator is controlled and drive horizontal stamp pad (4) in the horizontal plane into Row movement；In horizontal stamp pad (4) moving process, the plasma beam system of processing by interior band melt liquid stream it is equal from Beamlet stream is continuously sprayed onto on horizontal stamp pad (4)；After melting liquid stream solidifies, the printing of current institute's printing shaping layer is completed Journey；

In this step, current institute's printing shaping layer is the shape layer for being located at bottommost in multiple shape layers；

Step 402, last layer printing, include the following steps：

Step 4021, horizontal stamp pad move down：The position adjustment controller (15) is adjusted by controlling the stamp pad position Device drives horizontal stamp pad (4) once to be moved down in the vertical direction and moves down height and the shape layer Thickness it is identical；

Step 4022, printing and synchronous temperature control：The position adjustment controller (15) is according to current institute acquired in step 3 The printing path of printing shaping layer controls the stamp pad position regulator and drives horizontal stamp pad (4) in water It is moved in plane；In horizontal stamp pad (4) moving process, the plasma beam system of processing is by interior band molten liquid The plasma beam of stream is continuously sprayed onto on the upper surface of current printed next shape layer；Liquid stream to be melted is solidifying After Gu, the print procedure of current institute's printing shaping layer is completed；

In this step, in horizontal stamp pad (4) moving process, by temperature detecting unit (9) to currently printed The upper surface temperature of next shape layer is measured in real time and by detected temperature information synchronous driving to printing distance Adjusting control device (10), at the same by distance detection unit (8) between the outlet and horizontal stamp pad (4) of the nozzle away from From be measured in real time and by the range information synchronous driving detected to printing with a distance from adjusting control device (10)；It is described printing away from The temperature information that is detected according to temperature detecting unit (9) from adjusting control device (10) and by controlling the printing distance adjusting The distance between the outlet of the nozzle and horizontal stamp pad (4) is adjusted in device, makes current printed next The upper surface temperature of the shape layer is not higher than 0.6 times of the material fusing point of workpiece to be formed (3)；

In horizontal stamp pad (4) moving process described in step 401 and step 4022, the wire feeder is by processed silk material (2) continuous to send out, while fusing of the beam-plasma generated by the plasma beam system of processing to processed silk material (2) End is melted, and is made the melting end melt the molten melt drop to be formed continuously and formed liquid stream；The liquid stream is distributed in institute It states in beam-plasma, forms the interior plasma beam with melting liquid stream；

Step 402 is repeated several times in step 403, until completing the print procedure of all shape layers of workpiece (3) to be formed.

8. treating shaping workpiece according to claim 7 carries out molding method, it is characterised in that：In step 4 by down toward On successively print before, data processing equipment described in step 1 is first according to the material fusing point that pre-establishes and printing range data Library, and the Material Name of the workpiece to be formed (3) pre-entered by parameter input unit is combined, treat shaping workpiece (3) Basis printing distance is determined；The parameter input unit connects with the data processing equipment；

The material fusing point and printing range information of various material are stored in the material fusing point and printing range data library, each The material fusing point and printing range information of the material include title, fusing point and the basis printing distance of this kind of material；It is described Basis printing distance is 5mm~1000mm, and material fusing point is higher, and basis printing distance is closer；

Before carrying out bottom printing in step 401, the printing is apart from adjusting control device (10) according to distance detection unit (8) institute The range information of detection and by control the printing distance adjusting means by the outlet of the nozzle and horizontal stamp pad (4) it Between distance be adjusted to it is described basis printing distance；In step 401 in bottom print procedure, the outlet of the nozzle is beaten with horizontal The distance between ink pad (4) is that the basis prints distance；

Before carrying out printing and synchronizing temperature control in step 4022, the printing is single according to distance detection apart from adjusting control device (10) The number that moves down of range information and the horizontal stamp pad of combination (4) that first (8) are detected moves down height with each, and logical It crosses and controls the printing distance adjusting means by the outlet of the nozzle and current printed next shape layer The distance between upper surface is adjusted to the basis printing distance；To the outlet of the nozzle and horizontal stamp pad in step 4022 The distance between (4) when being adjusted, described print is detected apart from adjusting control device (10) according to temperature detecting unit (9) Temperature information simultaneously combines outlet and horizontal stamp pad (4) of the range information that distance detection unit (8) is detected to the nozzle The distance between be adjusted, so that the upper surface temperature of current printed next shape layer is controlled in work to be formed Between 0.1 times of the material fusing point of part (3)~0.6 times；Also, between the outlet to the nozzle and horizontal stamp pad (4) When distance is adjusted, the amplitude of accommodation is 5mm~60mm, and material fusing point is higher, and the amplitude of accommodation is smaller.

9. carrying out molding method according to the shaping workpiece for the treatment of described in claim 7 or 8, it is characterised in that：The wire feed dress It sets and is wound with the wire tray (6) of processed silk material (2), to being processed the wire feeder that is conveyed of silk material (2) and right including top The wire feed driving mechanism (14) that the wire feeder is driven, the wire feeder are located on the inside of wire tray (6) and are sent with described The connection of silk mechanism；The wire tray (6) is coaxially mounted in shaft and can be rotated around the shaft；

The monitoring system further includes the plasma generator controller (7) controlled to the plasma generator, to supplying Detection of gas flow rate unit (11) that the gas flow of tracheae (5) is measured in real time, the flow tune to being installed on air supply pipe (5) Gas flow controller (12) that section valve (24) is controlled is measured in real time the wire feed rate for being processed silk material (2) Speed detection unit (18) and the wire feed rate controller (20) that wire feed driving mechanism (14) is controlled, the velocity measuring Unit (18) is connect with wire feed rate controller (20), the plasma generator controller (7) and the plasma generator Connection, the detection of gas flow rate unit (11) connect with gas flow controller (12), the distance detection unit (8) and gas Body flow controller (12) connects；

Before successively being printed from the bottom to top in step 4, data processing equipment described in step 1 is first according to the gas pre-established Flow and wire feed rate database, and in conjunction with the thickness of the preset shape layer, to the base gas stream of air supply pipe (5) Amount and the wire feed rate of the wire feeder are determined；

The gas flow and wire feed rate databases contain wire feed rate needed for the shape layer of a variety of different thickness and Base gas flow；The base gas flow is 5ml/min~500ml/min, and the wire feed rate of the wire feeder is got over Greatly, the base gas flow is bigger；

In horizontal stamp pad (4) moving process described in step 401 and step 4022, the speed detection unit (18) is to described The wire feed rate of wire feeder is measured in real time and by institute's detection information synchronous driving to wire feed rate controller (20), described Wire feed rate controller (20) is according to the wire feed rate of the predetermined wire feeder and combines speed detection unit (18) Institute's detection information controls wire feed driving mechanism (14), and the wire feed rate of the wire feeder is made to be sent with predetermined Silk speed is identical；

Before carrying out bottom printing in step 401, the gas flow controller (12) is according to detection of gas flow rate unit (11) Institute's detection information and the gas flow of air supply pipe (5) is adjusted to the base gas stream by controlling flow control valve (24) Amount；In step 401 in bottom print procedure, the gas flow of the air supply pipe (5) is the base gas flow；

It carries out printing in step 4022 and synchronize in temperature control process, the gas flow controller (12) is according to detection of gas flow rate Unit (11) institute's detection information simultaneously combines distance detection unit (8) institute detecting distance information, and by controlling flow control valve (24) adjustment is increased and decreased to the gas flow of air supply pipe (5)；Also, between the outlet of the nozzle and horizontal stamp pad (4) Distance it is bigger, the gas flow of the air supply pipe (5) is bigger.

10. carrying out molding method according to the shaping workpiece for the treatment of described in claim 7 or 8, it is characterised in that：Step 401 and In horizontal stamp pad (4) moving process described in step 4022, the wire feed rate of the processed silk material (2) be 0.1m/min~ 10m/min, a diameter of 0.02mm~10mm of the processed silk material (2)；The diameter of the processed silk material (2) is bigger, send Silk speed is slower；And the material fusing point for being processed silk material (2) is higher, wire feed rate is slower；

It, will be between the melting end of processed silk material (2) and horizontal stamp pad (4) before successively being printed from the bottom to top in step 4 Distance is adjusted to preset wire feed height, and the wire feed height is 5mm~1000mm；It is successively beaten from the bottom to top in step 4 During print, the fusing end position for being processed silk material (2) is motionless.