CN105900638A - High-quality peanut planting method - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses a high-quality peanut planting method. The method comprises the following steps of land selection, seed soaking treatment, sowing, seedling stage management, field management and harvesting and picking. Compared with an existing peanut planting technology, the high-quality peanut planting method has extremely significant advantages, peanut planting is conducted by adopting the method, the method is green, environmentally friendly and free of pollution, the harvested peanuts are full in peanut kernel, and the yield of the peanuts is greatly increased; by means of the seedling stage management, compared with the harvested peanuts planted through a general planting method, the content of elements of calcium, magnesium, iron and zinc in the harvested peanuts planted through the high-quality peanut planting method is increased by 7.5% to 9%; according to statistics of planting experiments in five consecutive years, the yield of the peanuts planted through the high-quality peanut planting method is 11%-13% higher than that of the peanuts planted through the general planting method.

Description

A kind of implantation methods of high-quality peanut

Technical field

The present invention relates to field of planting, particularly relate to the implantation methods of a kind of high-quality peanut.

Background technology

Pulse family Arachis annual herb, Ancient Chinese claims bean, is its seed a kind of leguminous plant of containing rich in protein, Semen arachidis hypogaeae ovalize, spherical, and color has yellow, light green, black etc., therefore has again the title of Semen Glycines, Semen phaseoli radiati, Semen sojae atricolor.The root of Semen arachidis hypogaeae have main, side root point, can bury 1.5 meters deep, in bell jar shape root system, in the soil on earth's surface to 20 cm, root has root nodule, root nodule bacteria are available for the 1/3～1/2 of Semen arachidis hypogaeae nitrogen requirement, and stem is high 60～100 centimetres, 15～24 joints, soybean pod and is born on joint, the normal high yield of more piece Semen arachidis hypogaeae, pod is yellow, black, brown, curved crescent or straight Pear-Shaped, Semen arachidis hypogaeae is short day crop, and between kind, the sensitivity difference to short-day is big.Need sufficient sunlight, it is desirable to nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium nutrition are more.The implantation methods of the typically no science of peasant is the biggest with randomness；Especially applying fertilizer, plantation Semen arachidis hypogaeae major part peasant is with the blindly fertilising of traditional mode, wastes resource the most in a large number, pollutes environment, The more important thing is that chemical fertilizer utilization ratio is greatly reduced therewith along with constantly expanding of amount, also resulting in the overgrowing of Semen arachidis hypogaeae skill leaf even causes pest and disease damage to break out and the phenomenon that lodges generally exists, comprehensive many factors, peanut production cost constantly rises and yield can not get improving, and quality is also gradually reduced.

Summary of the invention

To this end, it is an object of the invention to the implantation methods of a kind of high-quality peanut.

The present invention is achieved through the following technical solutions:

The implantation methods of a kind of high-quality peanut, mainly comprises the steps that

1) soil selects: select sandy loam, and the husky ratio of soil is 7:1, and soil acidity or alkalinity is 5.8-6.3, ploughs deeply 30-50 centimetre prior to seeding, the soil layer construction that in composition, Panasonic is real, uses sufficient base fertilizer；

2) seed soaking: first by peanut seed dry in the sun 4-6 hour under the sun, then use seed soaking agent to soak seed 8-10 hour, described seed soaking agent is by weight percentage by 3.5% calcium chloride, 6% hydrogen chloride, 4% sodium chloride, 1.5% Sorbitol, and remaining is constituted for water；By the immersion of seed soaking agent, it is possible to increase the permeability of seed coat, promote the level of seed inner cell hormone, promote the growth of embryo, improve the germination percentage of seed.

3) sowing: mid or late March, temperature is the Harbeth weather of 15-20 DEG C, sows；Select 15-20 DEG C of Harbeth weather advantageously in the sprouting of seed, and the sprouting of the suitable seed of temperature and moisture, it is possible to improve germination percentage and the survival rate of seed greatly；

4) seedling management: be certainly seeded into 50% come up and launch the 3rd true leaf during, every calcium chloride solution and the brown sugar solution equal-volume mixed solution of 2.2% that mass fraction of sprinkling in 3 days is 1.3%, being unearthed of the growth of embryo, the growth of root and cotyledon can be promoted, shorten growth cycle, promote the differentiation of effective bud；From all seedling the most at least expand a piece of true leaf open time, every day 1:00 AM clock, the red light irradiation using wavelength to be 675-690nm 1 hour, until stopping when first peanut plant is bloomed, can promote that the growth promoter of Roots of Peanut, leafing, branch etc. are nourished and grown, simultaneously facilitate effective bud to break up in a large number, improve flowering rate and the fruit-setting rate at florescence, thus improve the yield of Semen arachidis hypogaeae；From 50% peanut plant the flowers are in blossom to 50% peanut plant, Caput Gallus domesticus shape young fruit occurs during, 23 o'clock of every day, the blue light illumination using wavelength to be 440-460nm 1 hour, fruit-setting rate can be improved, promote the growth of Caput Gallus domesticus shape young fruit, and a large amount of formation of root nodule can be promoted, greatly improve the nitrogen fixing capacity of Semen arachidis hypogaeae；

5) field management: weeding in time, herbicide weeding is used during being seeded into seedling stage, artificial weeding is used after the florescence, early stage uses artificial weeding after using the herbicide weeding florescence, such combination, not only save labour force, moreover it is possible to prevent herbicide to flowering rate and the adverse effect of fruit-setting rate；Carry out the preventing and controlling of pest and disease damage in time for pest and disease damage during peanut growth；

6) results are plucked: when peanut plant upper blade turns yellow, in, lower blade come off from green to yellow and gradually, when the pod of more than 90% is hardening, reticulate pattern is clear, seed core is full, gather in the crops in time.

Further, in described step 4), the frequency of HONGGUANG is 440-460 megahertz, and the frequency of blue light is 625-650 megahertz.

The invention has the beneficial effects as follows: compared with existing peanut cultivation technology, the present invention has extremely significantly advantage, technique scheme is used to carry out peanut cultivation, green, environmental protection, pollution-free, the peanut pellets of results is full, size is uniform, kernel color and luster is consistent, quality is good, and peanut yield is greatly improved, pass through seedling management, the Semen arachidis hypogaeae of present invention results is than calcium in the Semen arachidis hypogaeae of general plantation results, magnesium, ferrum, the content of zinc element improves 7.5%-9%, added up by the planting experiments of continuous 5 years, the inventive method plantation peanut yield plants the high 11%-13% of Semen arachidis hypogaeae than general implantation methods.

Detailed description of the invention

The implantation methods of a kind of high-quality peanut, mainly comprises the steps that

1) soil selects: select sandy loam, and the husky ratio of soil is 7:1, and soil acidity or alkalinity is 5.8-6.3, ploughs deeply 30-50 centimetre prior to seeding, the soil layer construction that in composition, Panasonic is real, uses sufficient base fertilizer；

2) seed soaking: first by peanut seed dry in the sun 4-6 hour under the sun, then use seed soaking agent to soak seed 8-10 hour, described seed soaking agent is by weight percentage by 3.5% calcium chloride, 6% hydrogen chloride, 4% sodium chloride, 1.5% Sorbitol, and remaining is constituted for water；By the immersion of seed soaking agent, it is possible to increase the permeability of seed coat, promote the level of seed inner cell hormone, promote the growth of embryo, improve the germination percentage of seed.

3) sowing: mid or late March, temperature is the Harbeth weather of 15-20 DEG C, sows；Select 15-20 DEG C of Harbeth weather advantageously in the sprouting of seed, and the sprouting of the suitable seed of temperature and moisture, it is possible to improve germination percentage and the survival rate of seed greatly；

4) seedling management: be certainly seeded into 50% come up and launch the 3rd true leaf during, every calcium chloride solution and the brown sugar solution equal-volume mixed solution of 2.2% that mass fraction of sprinkling in 3 days is 1.3%, being unearthed of the growth of embryo, the growth of root and cotyledon can be promoted, shorten growth cycle, promote the differentiation of effective bud；From all seedling the most at least expand a piece of true leaf open time, every day 1:00 AM clock, the red light irradiation using wavelength to be 675-690nm 1 hour, until stopping when first peanut plant is bloomed, can promote that the growth promoter of Roots of Peanut, leafing, branch etc. are nourished and grown, simultaneously facilitate effective bud to break up in a large number, improve flowering rate and the fruit-setting rate at florescence, thus improve the yield of Semen arachidis hypogaeae；From 50% peanut plant the flowers are in blossom to 50% peanut plant, Caput Gallus domesticus shape young fruit occurs during, 23 o'clock of every day, the blue light illumination using wavelength to be 440-460nm 1 hour, fruit-setting rate can be improved, promote the growth of Caput Gallus domesticus shape young fruit, and a large amount of formation of root nodule can be promoted, greatly improve the nitrogen fixing capacity of Semen arachidis hypogaeae；

5) field management: weeding in time, herbicide weeding is used during being seeded into seedling stage, artificial weeding is used after the florescence, early stage uses artificial weeding after using the herbicide weeding florescence, such combination, not only save labour force, moreover it is possible to prevent herbicide to flowering rate and the adverse effect of fruit-setting rate；Carry out the preventing and controlling of pest and disease damage in time for pest and disease damage during peanut growth；

6) results are plucked: when peanut plant upper blade turns yellow, in, lower blade come off from green to yellow and gradually, when the pod of more than 90% is hardening, reticulate pattern is clear, seed core is full, gather in the crops in time.

Further, in described step 4), the frequency of HONGGUANG is 440-460 megahertz, and the frequency of blue light is 625-650 megahertz.

Technique scheme is used to carry out peanut cultivation, green, environmental protection, pollution-free, the peanut pellets of results is full, size is uniform, kernel color and luster is consistent, and quality is good, and peanut yield is greatly improved, pass through seedling management, the Semen arachidis hypogaeae of present invention results improves 7.5%-9% than calcium, magnesium, ferrum, the content of zinc element in the Semen arachidis hypogaeae of general plantation results, is added up by the planting experiments of continuous 5 years, and the inventive method plantation peanut yield plants the high 11%-13% of Semen arachidis hypogaeae than general implantation methods.

Claims (2)

1. The implantation methods of a kind of high-quality peanut, it is characterised in that mainly comprise the steps that

1) soil selects: select sandy loam, and the husky ratio of soil is 7:1, and soil acidity or alkalinity is 5.8-6.3, ploughs deeply 30-50 centimetre prior to seeding, the soil layer construction that in composition, Panasonic is real, uses sufficient base fertilizer；

2) seed soaking: first by peanut seed dry in the sun 4-6 hour under the sun, then use seed soaking agent to soak seed 8-10 hour, described seed soaking agent is by weight percentage by 3.5% calcium chloride, 6% hydrogen chloride, 4% sodium chloride, 1.5% Sorbitol, and remaining is constituted for water；

3) sowing: mid or late March, temperature is the Harbeth weather of 15-20 DEG C, sows；

4) seedling management: be certainly seeded into 50% come up and launch the 3rd true leaf during, every calcium chloride solution and the brown sugar solution equal-volume mixed solution of 2.2% that mass fraction of sprinkling in 3 days is 1.3%, from all seedling the most at least expand a piece of true leaf open time, every day 1:00 AM clock, the red light irradiation using wavelength to be 675-690nm 1 hour, until stopping when first peanut plant is bloomed；From 50% peanut plant the flowers are in blossom to 50% peanut plant, Caput Gallus domesticus shape young fruit occurs during, 23 o'clock of every day, the blue light illumination 1 hour using wavelength to be 440-460nm；

5) field management: weeding in time, uses herbicide weeding during being certainly seeded into seedling stage, uses artificial weeding after the florescence；Carry out the preventing and controlling of pest and disease damage in time for pest and disease damage during peanut growth；

6) results are plucked: when peanut plant upper blade turns yellow, in, lower blade come off from green to yellow and gradually, when the pod of more than 90% is hardening, reticulate pattern is clear, seed core is full, gather in the crops in time.

The implantation methods of a kind of high-quality peanut the most according to claim 1, it is characterised in that in described step 4), the frequency of HONGGUANG is 440-460 megahertz, and the frequency of blue light is 625-650 megahertz.