CN105724026B - A kind of radix gentiane dahuvicae cultural method - Google Patents
A kind of radix gentiane dahuvicae cultural method Download PDFInfo
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- CN105724026B CN105724026B CN201610129864.2A CN201610129864A CN105724026B CN 105724026 B CN105724026 B CN 105724026B CN 201610129864 A CN201610129864 A CN 201610129864A CN 105724026 B CN105724026 B CN 105724026B
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- 241001071804 Gentianaceae Species 0.000 title claims abstract description 26
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 16
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- 241000196324 Embryophyta Species 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 238000010899 nucleation Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 238000003306 harvesting Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 claims description 34
- 238000009331 sowing Methods 0.000 claims description 15
- 239000010902 straw Substances 0.000 claims description 15
- 239000004576 sand Substances 0.000 claims description 11
- 210000003608 fece Anatomy 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000010871 livestock manure Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 claims description 7
- 230000035784 germination Effects 0.000 claims description 6
- 235000006662 Lansium Nutrition 0.000 claims description 5
- 241001156382 Lansium Species 0.000 claims description 5
- 230000003749 cleanliness Effects 0.000 claims description 5
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000003337 fertilizer Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000003973 irrigation Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 230000002262 irrigation Effects 0.000 claims description 5
- 230000035515 penetration Effects 0.000 claims description 5
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000009736 wetting Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 241000209140 Triticum Species 0.000 claims description 4
- 235000021307 Triticum Nutrition 0.000 claims description 4
- 240000008042 Zea mays Species 0.000 claims description 4
- 235000005824 Zea mays ssp. parviglumis Nutrition 0.000 claims description 4
- 235000002017 Zea mays subsp mays Nutrition 0.000 claims description 4
- 235000005822 corn Nutrition 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000012876 topography Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000003673 groundwater Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000003895 organic fertilizer Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000005266 casting Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 abstract description 4
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 abstract description 3
- 201000010099 disease Diseases 0.000 abstract description 2
- 208000037265 diseases, disorders, signs and symptoms Diseases 0.000 abstract description 2
- 241000607479 Yersinia pestis Species 0.000 abstract 1
- 230000002265 prevention Effects 0.000 abstract 1
- 238000009395 breeding Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000001488 breeding effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000035899 viability Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000003814 drug Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000007306 turnover Effects 0.000 description 2
- 241001071795 Gentiana Species 0.000 description 1
- 241000290619 Gentiana dahurica Species 0.000 description 1
- 206010023126 Jaundice Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 208000024780 Urticaria Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012258 culturing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000018109 developmental process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 210000000232 gallbladder Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 229930182470 glycoside Natural products 0.000 description 1
- 150000002338 glycosides Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000011835 investigation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002075 main ingredient Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000015097 nutrients Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000012466 permeate Substances 0.000 description 1
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- 201000003068 rheumatic fever Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 238000009738 saturating Methods 0.000 description 1
- 201000008827 tuberculosis Diseases 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G22/00—Cultivation of specific crops or plants not otherwise provided for
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- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Botany (AREA)
- Environmental Sciences (AREA)
- Cultivation Of Plants (AREA)
- Transplanting Machines (AREA)
Abstract
A kind of radix gentiane dahuvicae cultural method, comprising the following steps: selection of land site preparation, seeding and seedling raising, transplanting, field management, the prevention and control of plant diseases, pest control and harvesting and processing.The present invention realizes extensive artificial cultivation, and promote regulation and standardization production technology, to meet the rapid growth of radix gentiane dahuvicae demand, maintain its resources by carrying out introduction and acclimatization to radix gentiane dahuvicae wild resource.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to field of plant growing technology, specifically a kind of radix gentiane dahuvicae cultural method.
Background technique
Radix gentiane dahuvicae, latin name Gentiana dahurica Fisch., also known as Da Wuli gentianae macrophyllae plant for Gentianaceae Gentiana
Object is important one of the traditional Chinese medicine in China.Main product is in northwest China, the big portion in North China.Its dry root is used as medicine, and main component is dragon
Gallbladder hardship glycosides is one of main ingredients of diseases such as treatment tuberculosis, jaundice, nettle rash, rheumatic arthritis, has important development and application
Value.With the further investigation of radix gentiane dahuvicae pharmacological effect and the increase of clinical application amount, a large amount of being ransacked of property of wild resource is adopted
It digs, and the seed of radix gentiane dahuvicae is tiny, itself can not store nutrient, and germination rate under field conditions (factors) is low, cause radix gentiane dahuvicae wild
Production-goods source is endangered, much can not meet the demand in market, and commodity price was also once riseing.Therefore it must carry out introducing a fine variety tame and docile
Change, extensive artificial cultivation, and promote regulation and standardization production technology, to meet the radix gentiane dahuvicae market demand, maintains its resource
Sustainable use.
Summary of the invention
The object of the present invention is to provide a kind of radix gentiane dahuvicae cultural method, by artificial introduction and acclimatization, can be realized standardization,
Standardized production cultivation, meets the rapid growth of radix gentiane dahuvicae demand, maintains its resources.
In order to solve the above-mentioned technical problem, The technical solution adopted by the invention is as follows: a kind of radix gentiane dahuvicae cultural method, including
Following steps:
(1) selection of land site preparation: being made into seedbed according to landform, seedbed long 6~8m, wide 1.5~2.0m, ridge along 20~25cm, in
Autumn the previous year progress site preparation is transplanted, soil 20~40cm of ploughing depth applies 2000~3000kg of well-rotted farmyard manure per acre;
(2) seeding and seedling raising: selection is sowed in mid-June to mid-July, and using broadcasting sowing, seed mixes dry sand for sowing, is mixed
10~20 times of sand amount, covers one layer of fine sand, and 3~5mm of thickness is sprinkled profoundly water in time, keeps seedbed wet before not emerging, in seedbed
Cover straw screen or mat or shading net on face, seedling removes straw screen or mat or shading net after being unearthed, application rate 2kg per acre;After planting, seedbed is kept
Wetting carries out thinning and final singling when seedling has 6~8 compound leaves, and thinning standard is seedling spacing 6 32~350,000 plants per acre after seedling
~8cm, line space 10cm;
(3) transplant: in mid-March to lifting mid-April, selection fine day carries out a point equal temporary planting, transplants in batches, a ridge
A line, one plant of every cave, line-spacing are 15~20cm, and spacing in the rows is 8~10cm;
(4) it harvests: being excavated when just having bud, take advantage of fresh removing LU, carry out hitting skin, remove supracutaneous Calusena lansium, casting skin,
Expose milky, is bundled into wisp, dries.
Step (1) the selection of land site preparation be selection high-land, drain, the sandy loam that penetration is strong, level of ground water is low or
Alluvial soil.
Step (1) the selection of land site preparation be mountain area and upper level selection topography on the sunny side, soil layer is deep, the soil is porous, it is fertile,
Water-permeable and air permeable is good and penetration is strong sandy loam, grit soil or preceding stubble planted the soil of wheat, corn.
The seed quality of step (2) described seeding and seedling raising requires: selection mid-September the previous year to early October harvests
Wild radix gentiane dahuvicae seed, seed vigor are not less than 40%, and germination percentage is not less than 35%, and cleanliness is not less than 95%.
Step (2) described seeding and seedling raising is that seed is hidden processing prior to seeding, and before frozen soil, selection draining is good
Good, shady spot digs pit, and seed and snow are puddled by 1:3 and are uniformly packed into straw bag, places in hole, is buried with snow, takes out when sowing.
Step (2) described seeding and seedling raising is the sandy loam that selection has row irrigation condition, and autumn turns over, and builds up wide furrow, furrow
Long 6~10m, wide 3m, the high 10~15cm of furrow apply sufficiently decomposed farmyard manure 3000kg or biological organic fertilizer after carrying out furrow per acre
500kg makees base fertilizer, and turning over keeps soil heavy real.
Of the invention has the prominent advantages that:
(1) type of seeding for using culturing and transplanting seedlings, has the generation finished product medicinal material period shorter, can be increased by directional transplant
The outstanding advantages that density improves mu strain number, reduces cost, improve seedling quality.
(2) present invention realizes that the introduction and acclimatization of wild radix gentiane dahuvicae, root yield reach 200 kilograms of per mu yield or more for the first time, in fact
Show scale, standardization production, meets needs in the market.
Specific embodiment
Technical solution of the present invention is further illustrated combined with specific embodiments below.
Embodiment 1
One example of radix gentiane dahuvicae cultural method of the present invention, comprising the following steps:
1, selection of land site preparation: level land selection high-land drains, the sandy loam or alluvial soil that penetration is strong, level of ground water is low,
It is made into bottom, seedbed long 6~8m, wide 1.5~2.0m according to landform, ridge carries out whole along 20~25cm in transplanting autumn the previous year
Ground, soil 20~40cm of ploughing depth apply well-rotted farmyard manure 2000kg per acre;
2, seedling breeding is broadcast:
(1) seed quality requirement: the wild radix gentiane dahuvicae seed that selection mid-September the previous year to early October harvests.Seed
Viability is not less than 40%, and germination percentage is not less than 35%, and cleanliness is not less than 95%;
(2) seed treatment: seed hides processing before broadcasting, and before frozen soil, selection draining is good, shady spot digs
Hole is puddled seed and snow by 1:3 and is uniformly packed into straw bag, placed in hole, buried with snow, taken out before sowing;
(3) nursery lot selection and seedbed preparation: selection has the sandy loam of row irrigation condition, and autumn turns over, and builds up wide furrow,
Furrow grow 6~10m, wide 3m, the high 10~15cm of furrow, carry out and apply sufficiently decomposed farmyard manure 3000kg after furrow per acre and make base fertilizer, turn over
Ploughing keeps soil heavy real, and leveling rake is thin;
(4) it sows: being sowed in mid-June to mid-July, using broadcasting sowing, seed mixes dry sand for sowing, mixes husky amount 20
Times, one layer of fine sand is covered, thickness 5mm is sprinkled profoundly water in time, keeps seedbed wet before not emerging.Straw screen or mat should be covered in seedbed
Or shading net, removal straw screen or mat or shading net in time after seedling is unearthed, application rate 2kg per acre;
(5) nursery bed management: after planting, keeping seedbed wetting, when seedling has 6~8 compound leaves, carry out thinning and final singling,
Seedling standard is seedling 6~8cm of spacing, line space 10cm 32~350,000 plants per acre after seedling;
3, transplant: mid-March to lifting mid-April, selection fine day carries out a point equal temporary planting, transplants in batches, a ridge one
Row, one plant of every cave, line-spacing are 15~20cm, and spacing in the rows is 8~10cm.
4, pick and process: just being excavated when having bud, take advantage of fresh removing LU, carry out hitting skin, and supracutaneous Calusena lansium, black is removed
Skin etc. exposes milky, is bundled into wisp, dries.
Embodiment 2
Another example of radix gentiane dahuvicae cultural method of the present invention, comprising the following steps:
1, selection of land site preparation: mountain area selection topography is on the sunny side, soil layer is deep, the soil is porous, fertile, water-permeable and air permeable is good and permeates
The strong sandy loam of power, grit soil or preceding stubble planted the soil of wheat, corn, were made into bottom according to landform, the long 6~8m in seedbed,
Wide 1.5~2.0m, ridge carry out site preparation along 20~25cm, in transplanting autumn the previous year, and soil 20~40cm of ploughing depth is applied per acre
Enter well-rotted farmyard manure 3000kg;
2, seedling breeding is broadcast:
(1) seed quality requirement: the wild radix gentiane dahuvicae seed that selection mid-September the previous year to early October harvests.Seed
Viability is not less than 40%, and germination percentage is not less than 35%, and cleanliness is not less than 95%;
(2) seed treatment: seed hides processing before broadcasting, and before frozen soil, selection draining is good, shady spot digs
Hole is puddled seed and snow by 1:3 and is uniformly packed into straw bag, placed in hole, buried with snow, taken out before sowing;
(3) nursery lot selection and seedbed preparation: selection has the sandy loam of row irrigation condition, and autumn turns over, and builds up wide furrow,
Furrow grow 6~10m, wide 3m, the high 10~15cm of furrow, carry out and apply sufficiently decomposed farmyard manure 3000kg after furrow per acre and make base fertilizer, turn over
Ploughing keeps soil heavy real, and leveling rake is thin;
(4) it sows: being sowed in mid-June to mid-July, using broadcasting sowing, seed mixes dry sand for sowing, mixes husky amount 10
Times, one layer of fine sand is covered, thickness 3mm is sprinkled profoundly water in time, keeps seedbed wet before not emerging.Straw screen or mat should be covered in seedbed
Or shading net, removal straw screen or mat or shading net in time after seedling is unearthed, application rate 2kg per acre;
(5) nursery bed management: after planting, keeping seedbed wetting, when seedling has 6~8 compound leaves, carry out thinning and final singling,
Seedling standard is seedling 6~8cm of spacing, line space 10cm 32~350,000 plants per acre after seedling;
3, transplant: mid-March to lifting mid-April, selection fine day carries out a point equal temporary planting, transplants in batches, a ridge one
Row, one plant of every cave, line-spacing are 15~20cm, and spacing in the rows is 8~10cm;
4, pick and process: just being excavated when having bud, take advantage of fresh removing LU, carry out hitting skin, and supracutaneous Calusena lansium, black is removed
Skin etc. exposes milky, is bundled into wisp, dries.
Embodiment 3
Another example of radix gentiane dahuvicae cultural method of the present invention, comprising the following steps:
1, selection of land site preparation: upper level selection topography is on the sunny side, soil layer is deep, the soil is porous, fertile, water-permeable and air permeable is good and seeps
The saturating strong sandy loam of power, grit soil or preceding stubble planted the soil of wheat, corn, were made into bottom according to landform, and seedbed is long by 6~
8m, wide 1.5~2.0m, ridge carry out site preparation in transplanting autumn the previous year along 20~25cm, soil 20~40cm of ploughing depth, often
Mu applies well-rotted farmyard manure 3000kg;
2, seedling breeding is broadcast:
(1) seed quality requirement: the wild radix gentiane dahuvicae seed that selection mid-September the previous year to early October harvests.Seed
Viability is not less than 40%, and germination percentage is not less than 35%, and cleanliness is not less than 95%;
(2) seed treatment: seed hides processing before broadcasting, and before frozen soil, selection draining is good, shady spot digs
Hole is puddled seed and snow by 1:3 and is uniformly packed into straw bag, placed in hole, buried with snow, taken out before sowing;
(3) nursery lot selection and seedbed preparation: selection has the sandy loam of row irrigation condition, and autumn turns over, and builds up wide furrow,
Furrow grow 6~10m, wide 3m, the high 10~15cm of furrow, carry out and apply biological organic fertilizer 500kg per acre after furrow and make base fertilizer, turning over makes soil
Heavy real, leveling rake is thin;
(4) it sows: being sowed in mid-June to mid-July, using broadcasting sowing, seed mixes dry sand for sowing, mixes husky amount 15
Times, one layer of fine sand is covered, thickness 4mm is sprinkled profoundly water in time, keeps seedbed wet before not emerging.Straw screen or mat should be covered in seedbed
Or shading net, removal straw screen or mat or shading net in time after seedling is unearthed, application rate 2kg per acre;
(5) nursery bed management: after planting, keeping seedbed wetting, when seedling has 6~8 compound leaves, carry out thinning and final singling,
Seedling standard is seedling 6~8cm of spacing, line space 10cm 32~350,000 plants per acre after seedling;
3, transplant: mid-March to lifting mid-April, selection fine day carries out a point equal temporary planting, transplants in batches, a ridge one
Row, one plant of every cave, line-spacing are 15~20cm, and spacing in the rows is 8~10cm;
4, pick and process: just being excavated when having bud, take advantage of fresh removing LU, carry out hitting skin, and supracutaneous Calusena lansium, black is removed
Skin etc. exposes milky, is bundled into wisp, dries.
Claims (3)
1. a kind of radix gentiane dahuvicae cultural method, which comprises the following steps:
(1) selection of land site preparation: seedbed is made into according to landform, seedbed long 6 ~ 8 m, wide 1.5 ~ 2.0 m, ridge is along 20 ~ 25 cm, in transplanting
Autumn the previous year carries out site preparation, and 20~40 cm of soil ploughing depth applies 2000 ~ 3000 kg of well-rotted farmyard manure per acre;
The selection of land site preparation is mountain area and upper level selection topography faces south, soil layer is deep, the soil is porous, fertile, water-permeable and air permeable is good
Good and strong penetration sandy loam, grit soil or preceding stubble planted the soil of wheat, corn;
(2) seeding and seedling raising: selection is sowed in mid-June to mid-July, and using broadcasting sowing, seed mixes dry sand for sowing, mixes husky amount
10 ~ 20 times, one layer of fine sand is covered, 3 ~ 5mm of thickness is sprinkled profoundly water in time, is kept seedbed wet before not emerging, is covered in seedbed
Straw screen or mat or shading net, seedling remove straw screen or mat or shading net after being unearthed, application rate 2 kg per acre;After planting, seedbed wetting is kept,
When seedling there are 6 ~ 8 compound leaves, thinning and final singling are carried out, thinning standard is 32 ~ 350,000 plants per acre, 6 ~ 8 cm of seedling spacing after seedling,
10 cm of line space,
The seed quality of the seeding and seedling raising requires: the wild radix gentiane dahuvicae that selection mid-September the previous year to early October harvests
Seed, seed vigor are not less than 40%, and germination percentage is not less than 35%, and cleanliness is not less than 95%;
The seeding and seedling raising is that seed is hidden processing prior to seeding, and before frozen soil, selection draining is good, shady spot digs
Hole is puddled seed and snow by 1:3 and is uniformly packed into straw bag, placed in hole, buried with snow, is taken out when sowing;
(3) transplant: in mid-March to lifting mid-April, selection fine day carries out a point equal temporary planting, transplants in batches, a ridge one
Row, one plant of every cave, line-spacing are 15 ~ 20 cm, and spacing in the rows is 8 ~ 10cm;
(4) it harvests: being excavated when just having bud, take advantage of fresh removing LU, carry out hitting skin, remove supracutaneous Calusena lansium, casting skin, expose
Milky is bundled into wisp, dries.
2. radix gentiane dahuvicae cultural method according to claim 1, which is characterized in that step (1) the selection of land site preparation is selection
High-land drains, the sandy loam or alluvial soil that penetration is strong, level of ground water is low.
3. radix gentiane dahuvicae cultural method according to claim 1, which is characterized in that step (2) described seeding and seedling raising is selection
There is the sandy loam of row irrigation condition, autumn turns over, and builds up wide furrow, long 6 ~ 10 m of furrow, wide 3 m, high 10 ~ 15 cm of furrow carry out furrow
It applies sufficiently decomposed 3000 kg of farmyard manure or 500 kg of biological organic fertilizer per acre afterwards and makees base fertilizer, turning over keeps soil heavy real.
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CN106332634A (en) * | 2016-08-25 | 2017-01-18 | 刘政武 | Large-leaved gentian low-altitude autumn-sowing seedling-strengthening breeding method |
CN110235724A (en) * | 2018-03-09 | 2019-09-17 | 甘肃九州润康生物科技有限公司 | A kind of implantation methods of gentianae macrophyllae |
CN109452118A (en) * | 2018-11-02 | 2019-03-12 | 内蒙古科技大学包头医学院 | A kind of radix gentiane dahuvicae type of seeding |
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CN110800563A (en) * | 2019-12-02 | 2020-02-18 | 贵州凤冈众康生物科技有限公司 | Planting method of gentiana macrophylla |
CN111345210A (en) * | 2020-04-22 | 2020-06-30 | 玉龙县鲁甸山芸药业有限责任公司 | Breeding and planting method of gentiana macrophylla |
CN111527822B (en) * | 2020-04-24 | 2021-12-10 | 内蒙古医科大学 | Treatment method, artificial planting and wild tending method of gentiana dabryi seeds |
CN113632690B (en) * | 2021-05-31 | 2022-12-23 | 丽江华利生物开发药业有限公司 | Cultivation method of gentiana crassicaulis, roots of gentiana crassicaulis and application of roots |
CN114097543A (en) * | 2021-11-26 | 2022-03-01 | 锡林郭勒盟蒙医医院(锡林郭勒盟蒙医研究所、锡林浩特市人民医院) | Introduction and domestication cultivation method and application of gentianella acuta |
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