CN105643103A - Galvanized steel sheet laser lapping welding method - Google Patents
Galvanized steel sheet laser lapping welding method Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN105643103A CN105643103A CN201610196627.8A CN201610196627A CN105643103A CN 105643103 A CN105643103 A CN 105643103A CN 201610196627 A CN201610196627 A CN 201610196627A CN 105643103 A CN105643103 A CN 105643103A
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- China
- Prior art keywords
- galvanized steel
- welding
- mother metal
- welding method
- laser
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Classifications
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K26/00—Working by laser beam, e.g. welding, cutting or boring
- B23K26/20—Bonding
- B23K26/21—Bonding by welding
- B23K26/24—Seam welding
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K26/00—Working by laser beam, e.g. welding, cutting or boring
- B23K26/20—Bonding
- B23K26/32—Bonding taking account of the properties of the material involved
- B23K26/322—Bonding taking account of the properties of the material involved involving coated metal parts
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K26/00—Working by laser beam, e.g. welding, cutting or boring
- B23K26/60—Preliminary treatment
Abstract
The invention relates to a galvanized steel sheet laser lapping welding method. The galvanized steel sheet laser lapping welding method is characterized by comprising the steps that 1, a series of inclined holes (1) are machined in a first base material (2) in the welding direction; 2, the first base material (2) and a second base material (4) are accurately lapped and clamped, and a series of inclined blind holes are formed in a welding bead; 3, a laser beam (5) vertically radiates the upper surface of a workpiece and scans in the inclined direction of the prefabricated inclined holes (1), and the welding process is completed. According to the galvanized steel sheet laser lapping welding method, by means of a prefabricated inclined hole flow channel, a molten pool flow state of the welding melting front edge is improved, direct evaporation of a galvanized layer at the lapping portion is avoided, and therefore zero clearance laser lapping welding of a galvanized steel sheet is achieved.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of method for laser welding, particularly relate to the laser lap welding method of a kind of galvanized steel plain sheet.
Background technology
The premium properties that galvanized steel is numerous, especially its excellent Corrosion Protection and economic benefit so that it occupies very important status in modern industry produces. Various types of zinc-plated sheet materials are widely used in automobile making, building, ventilation and the field such as heating facility and Furniture manufacture.
But, because of the existence of zinc layers in galvanized steel so that the welding usability of galvanized steel is substantially reduced. Reason is in the welding process of galvanized steel, the huge difference (fusing point of zinc coat zinc is 420 DEG C, and boiling point is 907 DEG C, is 1300 DEG C far below the fusing point of iron matrix) of coating zinc and matrix steel physical characteristic, and the gasification of coating zinc is prior to the fusing of matrix steel. At present, the major weld process of galvanized steel has three kinds: resistance spot welding, arc welding and laser weld. For resistance spot welding, due to the existence of zinc coat, during welding, electrode is prone to zinc layers alloying, reduces the life-span of electrode. And when adopting electric arc welding galvanized steel, low boiling due to zinc, when electric arc just touches zinc coat, zinc gasifies rapidly, the zinc fume produced outwards sprays, it is easy to making welding produce the weld defects such as slag particles, pore, splashing, incomplete fusion and crackle, the stability of electric arc also therefore suffers from impact, welding quality declines, and also can produce a large amount of smog dust in welding process simultaneously. Further, since the weld width of arc welding is relatively big, and heat input is big, and a large amount of gasifications of coating zinc reduce the corrosion resistance of galvanized steel commissure. When galvanized steel lap joint adopts laser weld, equally exist the defects such as the gasification of zinc coat, and weld blowhole, splashing, incomplete fusion.
For this, publication number is " CN102233481B ", the patent of invention of " CN102120288B " and " US8692152B2 " discloses the laser lap welding method of galvanized steel plain sheet, wherein adopt high power large spot laser beam high-speed welding galvanized steel plain sheet, in the fusion pool rearward extended from illuminated laser spot, form elongated hole, to laser direct of travel rear and discharged on the direction of laser illumination source thus irradiated the metal vapors produced by laser by elongated hole, to some extent solve laser weld galvanized sheet lap joint weld seam to splash, the weld defect problems such as pin hole and bubble eye, but this technical scheme still there is problems in that the thin long eyelet formed with the speed of welding being exceedingly fast in the method by high power laser light, actual welding is difficult to control to, and high power laser sources cost is greatly improved.
Publication number is " CN102451955B ", the patent of invention of " CN101695790B " and " JP61-74793A " discloses the laser lap welding method of galvanized steel plain sheet, wherein utilize sept or level disparity, to stand to be arranged between the galvanized steel plain sheet that overlap joint welds discharge the gap of zinc fume, to some extent solve the weld defect problems such as the splashing of laser weld galvanized sheet lap joint weld seam and pore, but this technical scheme still there is problems in that the gap in the method by pre-setting between lapping plate, in practical operation, it is difficult to keep consistent gap, so add the match selection difficulty of laser welding process parameter.
Publication number is " US6479168B2 ", " US20080035615A1 ", the patent of invention of " US7329828B2 " and " CN101508058B " discloses galvanized steel sheet lap-over laser welding method, between steel plate faying surface, wherein place Cu, Al, the metal formings such as Zn/Al and Al-Sn, utilize the metallurgical reaction reduction zinc fume impact on welding process of alloying element and zinc, to some extent solve the weld defect problems such as the splashing of laser weld galvanized sheet lap joint weld seam and pore, but this technical scheme still there is problems in that preset metal forming adds process complexity, and preset alloying element can bring new Welding Problems, such as oxidation, welding joint softened, corrosion resistance reduction etc.
Summary of the invention
Present invention aim to address zinc layers explosive vaporization in current galvanized steel sheet lap-over joint laser beam welding, welding process extremely unstable, the problem that the defects such as spatter, pore, incomplete fusion easily occur.
A kind of galvanized steel plain sheet laser lap welding method of offer is provided, it is characterised in that.
Step 1: process a series of inclined holes along welding direction on the first mother metal.
Step 2: remove the impurity in the first mother metal and the second mother metal upper and lower surface, with weld jig, the first mother metal and the second mother metal are accurately overlapped and clamp, form a series of inclination blind hole on welding bead.
Step 3: starting laser welding system, laser beam vertical radiation workpiece surface, laser beam focus spot size is evenly distributed in prefabricated inclined hole center, then scans along prefabricated inclined hole incline direction, completes welding process.
Further, in step 1, a series of inclined hole pore size D prefabricated on the first mother metal are 0.5 ~ 3mm, and itself and upper surface angulation �� are 30 �㡫75 ��, the spacing d of adjacent holes is 2��5mm, and in welding direction, the overlap distance �� of adjacent holes is 1��3mm.
Further, in step 2, the first mother metal and the second mother metal fit tightly under weld jig clamping, and namely overlap joint inter-plate gap is zero.
Further, the first mother metal and the second mother metal thickness of slab t are 0.5 ~ 3mm.
Further, the method is applicable to the weldering of two-layer galvanized steel sheet lap-over or three layers galvanized steel sheet lap-over plumb joint.
The invention has the beneficial effects as follows.
1) in the present invention, by a series of inclined holes prefabricated on welding bead, at welding start-up portion, lap-joint's zinc fume is overflowed from prefabricated inclined hole; The motlten metal melting forward position in welding process flows up along prefabricated inclined hole, make lap-joint's zinc layers under the conduction of heat of motlten metal, melt in advance and be dissolved in welding pool, avoid lap-joint's zinc layers direct evaporation and form violent zinc fume, thus it is unstable to overcome welding process during the welding of galvanized steel plain sheet laser lap, easily splash, the problem of the defect such as pore and incomplete fusion.
2) galvanized steel plain sheet laser lap welding method provided by the invention is adopted, it is achieved that galvanized steel plain sheet zero clearance laser lap welds, the significantly less adjustment time of soldering cramping apparatus.
3) adopting galvanized steel plain sheet laser lap welding method provided by the invention, it is to avoid conventional arc high temperature causes weld defect, the weld defect such as the deformation of zinc layers scaling loss, weldment and residual stress greatly reduces.
4) in experimentation, experimenter finds there is D=(0.3 ~ 0.8 between prefabricated inclined hole size and place mother metal thickness of slab t) * t relation time, laser weld pools is the most stable, and the welding point of formation is abnormal smooth, occurs in that unexpected technique effect.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is galvanized steel plain sheet laser lap welding method schematic diagram of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is that the first mother metal tilts circular hole distribution side view.
Fig. 3 is that the first mother metal tilts circular hole distribution top view.
Fig. 4 is the appearance of weld figure of Direct Laser overlap joint welding.
Fig. 5 is the appearance of weld figure of the inventive method welding.
Fig. 6 is the schematic diagram of embodiment two.
Wherein: 1, prefabricated inclined hole, the 2, first mother metal, 3, zinc coat, the 4, second mother metal, 5, laser beam, 6, aperture forward position wall, 7, weld keyhole, 8, welding pool, 9, the weld seam of solidification, the 10, the 3rd mother metal, the 11, the 4th mother metal, the 12, the 5th mother metal.
Detailed description of the invention
Below with reference to accompanying drawing 1-6, the specific embodiment of the present invention is described in detail.
As it is shown in figure 1, the two boards material that welding workpiece is double side zinc coating, being wherein placed in the galvanized steel plain sheet of top along the previously prepared a series of inclination circular holes of welding direction, two plate overlaps form two-layer lap joints. Laser beam vertical incidence is at workpiece surface, it is achieved galvanized steel plain sheet zero clearance laser lap is welded to connect.
In this embodiment, galvanized steel plain sheet laser lap welding method includes following step.
Step 1: process a series of inclination circular holes 1 along welding direction on the first mother metal 2;
As shown in Figures 1 to 3, a series of inclination circular hole 1 pore size D prefabricated on first mother metal 2 are 0.5 ~ 3mm, itself and upper surface angulation �� are 30 �㡫75 ��, and the spacing d of adjacent holes is 2��5mm, and in welding direction, the overlap distance �� of adjacent holes is 1��3mm.
Step 2: removing the impurity in the first mother metal 2 and the second mother metal 4 upper and lower surface, these impurity include the influential foreign material of welding quality such as water stain, greasy dirt, rust; Then with welding fixture special, the first mother metal 2 and the second mother metal 4 accurately being overlapped and clamped, namely overlap joint inter-plate gap is zero, forms a series of inclination blind hole on welding bead.
Step 3: starting laser welding system, laser beam 5 vertical radiation workpiece surface, laser beam 5 focal beam spot size is evenly distributed in the center of prefabricated circular hole 1, then scans along prefabricated circular hole 1 incline direction, completes welding process.
In this embodiment, the first mother metal 2 and the second mother metal 4 thickness of slab are 0.5 ~ 3mm.
In this embodiment, laser beam is CO2Laser or Nd:YAG laser or semiconductor laser, laser power is 2 ~ 8kW, and speed of welding is 0.5��5m/min.
In this embodiment, laser power density is more than 106W/cm2, forming the weld keyhole 7 going deep into material internal, weld keyhole is internal is full of high-voltage high-speed metal vapors and plasma, and laser beam 5 is directly coupled to inside aperture, and laser energy is mainly absorbed by the multipath reflection Fresnel of aperture forward position wall 6.
As it is shown in figure 1, in this embodiment, by presetting a series of inclination circular holes 1 on welding bead, at welding start-up portion, lap-joint's zinc fume is overflowed from prefabricated circular hole 1; The motlten metal melting forward position in welding process flows up along prefabricated circular hole 1, make lap-joint's zinc layers 3 under the conduction of heat of motlten metal, melt in advance and be dissolved in welding pool, avoid lap-joint's zinc layers 3 direct evaporation and form violent zinc fume, thus it is unstable to overcome welding process during the welding of galvanized steel plain sheet laser lap, easily splash, the problem of the defect such as pore and incomplete fusion.
As shown in Fig. 4 ~ 5, found by contrast test, the galvanized steel plain sheet laser lap welding manner of prefabricated inclination circular hole 1 overlaps welding manner effect than Direct Laser and is obviously improved, the a large amount of hole of face of weld and splashing defect during Direct Laser overlap joint welding, as shown in Figure 4, and under prefabricated inclination circular hole 1 condition, laser lap welding is almost without the splashing of hole and larger particles, and appearance of weld is good, weld strength is stable, as shown in Figure 5.
Detailed description of the invention 2:
In conjunction with accompanying drawing 6, another embodiment of the invention is described in detail.
As shown in Figure 6, welding workpiece is three blocks of sheet materials of double side zinc coating, is wherein placed in two pieces of galvanized steel plain sheets of top along the previously prepared a series of inclination circular holes of welding direction, and three pieces of galvanized steel plain sheet overlaps form three layers lap joints. Laser beam vertical incidence is at workpiece surface, it is achieved galvanized steel plain sheet zero clearance laser lap is welded to connect.
In this embodiment, galvanized steel plain sheet laser lap welding method includes following step.
Step 1: process a series of inclination circular holes 1 along welding direction on the 3rd mother metal 10 and the 4th mother metal 11;
Identical with embodiment one (Fig. 2 and 3), a series of inclination circular hole 1 pore size D prefabricated on 3rd mother metal 10 and the 4th mother metal 11 are 0.5 ~ 3mm, itself and upper surface angulation �� are 30 �㡫75 ��, the spacing d of adjacent holes is 2��5mm, and in welding direction, the overlap distance �� of adjacent holes is 1��3mm.
Step 2: removing the impurity in the 3rd mother metal the 10, the 4th mother metal 11 and the 5th mother metal 12 upper and lower surface, these impurity include the influential foreign material of welding quality such as water stain, greasy dirt, rust; Then with welding fixture special, the 3rd mother metal the 10, the 4th mother metal 11 and the 5th mother metal 12 accurately being overlapped and clamped, namely overlap joint inter-plate gap is zero.
All the other steps are with embodiment one.
Although disclose in detail the present invention with reference to accompanying drawing, it will be appreciated that, these describe merely exemplary, are not used for limiting the application of the present invention. Protection scope of the present invention is by appended claims, and various modification, remodeling and the equivalents made for invention when may be included in without departing from scope and spirit.
Claims (7)
1. a galvanized steel plain sheet laser lap welding method, it is characterised in that:
Step 1: process a series of inclined holes (1) along welding direction on the first mother metal (2);
Step 2: the first mother metal (2) and the second mother metal (4) accurately overlap and clamp, and form a series of inclination blind hole on welding bead;
Step 3: laser beam (5) vertical radiation workpiece surface, scans along prefabricated inclined hole (1) incline direction, completes welding process.
2. galvanized steel plain sheet laser lap welding method according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: in step 1, prefabricated inclined hole (1) diameter D is 0.5 ~ 3mm, and the unified front to welding direction tilts, and inclination angle beta is 30 �㡫75 ��.
3. galvanized steel plain sheet laser lap welding method according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: in step 1, the spacing d of adjacent two inclined holes (1) is 2��5mm.
4. galvanized steel plain sheet laser lap welding method according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: in step 1, in welding direction, between adjacent two inclined holes (1), overlap distance �� is 1��3mm.
5. galvanized steel plain sheet laser lap welding method according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: in step 1, the first mother metal (2) and the second mother metal (4) lap joint inter-plate gap are zero.
6. galvanized steel plain sheet laser lap welding method according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: in step 1, the first mother metal (2) and the second mother metal (4) thickness of slab are 0.5��3mm.
7. galvanized steel plain sheet laser lap welding method according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: the method is applicable to the weldering of two-layer galvanized steel sheet lap-over or three layers galvanized steel sheet lap-over plumb joint.
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| CN201610196627.8A CN105643103B (en) | 2016-03-31 | 2016-03-31 | A kind of galvanized steel plain sheet laser lap welding method |
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| CN201610196627.8A CN105643103B (en) | 2016-03-31 | 2016-03-31 | A kind of galvanized steel plain sheet laser lap welding method |
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| CN105643103B CN105643103B (en) | 2017-11-21 |
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Cited By (11)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN107030382A (en) * | 2017-05-31 | 2017-08-11 | 长沙理工大学 | A kind of galvanized steel plain sheet laser splices welding method |
| CN107052582A (en) * | 2017-06-02 | 2017-08-18 | 长沙理工大学 | A kind of method of laser penetration welded blank |
| CN107252971A (en) * | 2017-04-20 | 2017-10-17 | 武汉华工激光工程有限责任公司 | Galvanized sheet laser stitch welding method |
| CN107498177A (en) * | 2017-10-24 | 2017-12-22 | 长沙理工大学 | A kind of non-penetration laser welding method and system |
| CN107639344A (en) * | 2017-10-24 | 2018-01-30 | 长沙理工大学 | A kind of galvanized steel plain sheet double light beam laser splices welding method and system |
| CN108857010A (en) * | 2017-05-10 | 2018-11-23 | 武汉捷众汽车零部件有限公司 | A kind of Progress in Automobile Galvanized Steel Sheets point quality control method |
| CN110234463A (en) * | 2017-01-31 | 2019-09-13 | 松下知识产权经营株式会社 | Connected structure |
| CN111037084A (en) * | 2019-12-17 | 2020-04-21 | 中国航天空气动力技术研究院 | Welding method of niobium alloy |
| CN111069772A (en) * | 2018-10-19 | 2020-04-28 | 双叶产业株式会社 | Welding method |
| CN112247377A (en) * | 2020-09-03 | 2021-01-22 | 株洲国创轨道科技有限公司 | Laser deep melting welding method and device |
| FR3102381A1 (en) * | 2019-10-24 | 2021-04-30 | Faurecia Systemes D'echappement | Assembly process of parts by carrying out a continuous and sealed weld along a perforated line formed in a first of the parts |
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| CN107639344A (en) * | 2017-10-24 | 2018-01-30 | 长沙理工大学 | A kind of galvanized steel plain sheet double light beam laser splices welding method and system |
| CN107498177B (en) * | 2017-10-24 | 2019-10-15 | 长沙理工大学 | A kind of non-penetration laser welding method and system |
| CN107498177A (en) * | 2017-10-24 | 2017-12-22 | 长沙理工大学 | A kind of non-penetration laser welding method and system |
| CN111069772A (en) * | 2018-10-19 | 2020-04-28 | 双叶产业株式会社 | Welding method |
| CN111069772B (en) * | 2018-10-19 | 2021-06-18 | 双叶产业株式会社 | Welding method |
| FR3102381A1 (en) * | 2019-10-24 | 2021-04-30 | Faurecia Systemes D'echappement | Assembly process of parts by carrying out a continuous and sealed weld along a perforated line formed in a first of the parts |
| CN111037084A (en) * | 2019-12-17 | 2020-04-21 | 中国航天空气动力技术研究院 | Welding method of niobium alloy |
| CN111037084B (en) * | 2019-12-17 | 2022-03-04 | 中国航天空气动力技术研究院 | Welding method of niobium alloy |
| CN112247377A (en) * | 2020-09-03 | 2021-01-22 | 株洲国创轨道科技有限公司 | Laser deep melting welding method and device |
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Application publication date: 20160608 Assignee: Guangzhou Zengcheng Shangji Machinery and Equipment Maintenance Department Assignor: CHANGSHA University OF SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY Contract record no.: 2019430000003 Denomination of invention: Galvanized steel sheet laser lapping welding method Granted publication date: 20171121 License type: Common License Record date: 20190305 |
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