CN105014238A - Cemented carbide/INVAR/steel laser beam welding assembly and manufacturing method thereof - Google Patents
Cemented carbide/INVAR/steel laser beam welding assembly and manufacturing method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN105014238A CN105014238A CN201510437616.XA CN201510437616A CN105014238A CN 105014238 A CN105014238 A CN 105014238A CN 201510437616 A CN201510437616 A CN 201510437616A CN 105014238 A CN105014238 A CN 105014238A
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- steel
- invar
- carbide alloy
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K26/00—Working by laser beam, e.g. welding, cutting or boring
- B23K26/20—Bonding
- B23K26/21—Bonding by welding
- B23K26/24—Seam welding
- B23K26/26—Seam welding of rectilinear seams
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K26/00—Working by laser beam, e.g. welding, cutting or boring
- B23K26/14—Working by laser beam, e.g. welding, cutting or boring using a fluid stream, e.g. a jet of gas, in conjunction with the laser beam; Nozzles therefor
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K2103/00—Materials to be soldered, welded or cut
- B23K2103/02—Iron or ferrous alloys
- B23K2103/04—Steel or steel alloys
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Plasma & Fusion (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Laser Beam Processing (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a cemented carbide/INVAR/steel laser beam welding assembly and a manufacturing method thereof. The method includes the steps that INVAR alloy is used as an interlayer filling material, and a laser and a robot are combined for laser beam welding, so that the cemented carbide/INVAR/steel laser beam welding assembly is manufactured. By means of the automatic welding technology of the robot, automatic production of cemented carbide and steel is achieved; moreover, the INVAR alloy is used as the filling material, so that the rate of the defects such as incomplete penetration, cracks and air pores caused by excessively large differences in the physical properties such as thermal expansion coefficients, heat conductivities and melting points of the cemented carbide and the steel is reduced. According to the cemented carbide/INVAR/steel laser beam welding assembly and the manufacturing method thereof, the problems that cemented carbide is low in production efficiency, single in shape, poor in toughness and the like in the prior art can be solved effectively, the use cost of the cemented carbide can be reduced, metallurgical bonding of cemented carbide and steel welding and the toughness of a welding joint are improved, and the automation level of cemented carbide and steel welding is improved.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to carbide alloy interconnection technique field, be specifically related to Laser Welding weldment of a kind of carbide alloy/INVAR/ steel and preparation method thereof.
Background technology
From the German Karl twenties in 20th century
since invention carbide alloy, its production technology, output and range of application are obtained for very large development.Show according to " prediction of 2013-2017 Chinese cemented carbide industry market is reported with investment strategy planning application " data, within 2012, Chinese carbide alloy output is 2.35 ten thousand tons, export nearly 5000 tons, deep processed product output reaches 6600 tons, accounts for 1/3 of alloy total output.Carbide alloy gets rid of in cavity etc. at cutting tool, mining instrument, mould and high pressure resistant high temperature and is widely used, and wherein cutting tool and mining instrument ratio have accounted for 33% and 25% of carbide alloy application respectively.Wherein, WC-Co series hard metal is comparatively common, but the fragility of carbide alloy is large, and expensive, in order to meet the demand in actual production, be usually connected with steel by carbide alloy and use, wherein method for brazing is common solution.
But for common soldering processes, its strength of welded joint is not high, poor heat resistance, normal temperature and high temperature bearing capacity poor.That is, although method for welding can solve relatively easily carbide alloy and steel in conjunction with problem, automaticity is low, limits suitability for industrialized production.
Alexandra P.Costa,
quintino, Martin Greitmann proposes the laser welding technology of some practicalities: Laser beam welding hard metals to steel, Journal of Materials Processing Technology, 2003,141 (2), 163-173.Can effectively address these problems.Laser instrument and robot combined welding method are used for the connection of carbide alloy and steel, efficiently solve the difficult problem that linking automation level is low, weld metal zone is wide of carbide alloy and steel, the connection for carbide alloy and steel enters into the industrial automation stage and provides possibility.But, because the physical difference of carbide alloy and steel is comparatively large, so will by means of the intermediate layer material having certain buffer level in welding process.But, existing intermediate layer material often exist welding point lack of penetration, easily the problem such as to crack.
Summary of the invention
For the deficiency existing for prior art, the object of this invention is to provide Laser Welding welding point of a kind of carbide alloy/INVAR/ steel and preparation method thereof.
For achieving the above object, the technical solution used in the present invention is as follows:
The present invention relates to the preparation method of the Laser Welding weldment of a kind of carbide alloy/INVAR/ steel, described preparation method comprises with INVAR alloy for intermediate layer packing material, and laser weld obtains the Laser Welding weldment of carbide alloy/INVAR/ steel.
Preferably, described laser weld adopts laser instrument and robot combined method for laser welding.
Preferably, described laser instrument and robot combined method for laser welding adopt IPG-YLS-5000W to mix ytterbium multi-mode fibre laser as thermal source, defocusing amount-8mm; Adopt KUKA KR60HA type welding robot and outer shaft deflection machine as operating platform; Employing argon gas is protective gas.
Preferably, described preparation method specifically comprises the steps:
S1, be filled between carbide alloy, steel by INVAR alloy adaptation, Butt Assembling is fixed on the operating platform of outer shaft deflection machine, and opens protective gas, and regulate shielding gas flow amount, gas flow is 20 ~ 25L/min;
S2, welding gun moved to docking center above soldered material, inputting process parameters in robotic programming controller, speed of welding is 0.012 ~ 0.024m/s, and power is 2 ~ 3kW;
S3, in confined space, manipulation robot starts automatic welding.
Preferably, the pretreatment procedure of materials to be welded is also comprised before step S1, be specially: respectively surface treatment is carried out with flash removed and oxide layer to carbide alloy, INVAR alloy, steel with sander, then carry out Ultrasonic Cleaning to remove surface and oil contaminant with alcohol or acetone.
Preferably, described carbide alloy is WC-Co series hard metal, and Binder Phase is cobalt, and content is 20wt%, and hard phase is micron order tungsten carbide, and content is 80wt%; Described steel is 45# carbon steel; Consisting of of described INVAR alloy: 42wt%Ni, 0.6wt%C, 3.4wt%Mn, 4wt%Nb, surplus is Fe.
Preferably, the semicircle carbide alloy YG20 of described carbide alloy to be the thickness of φ 58mm be 3mm; The semicircle 45# steel of described steel to be the thickness of φ 58mm be 3mm; The width of described INVAR alloy is 0.5mm, and thickness is 3mm, and length is 58mm.
The invention still further relates to the Laser Welding weldment of carbide alloy/INVAR/ steel that a kind of preparation method of the present invention obtains.
Compared with prior art, the method for the invention can obtain the weldment of the Laser Welding of the hard alloy/steel using invar alloy as intermediate layer.The present invention can effectively solve the welding point existed in prior art lack of penetration, easily crack, problem that automated production rate is low.Using INVAR as packing material, a transition is created between carbide alloy and steel, efficiently solve the difficult problem cracked because carbide alloy and steel thermal expansion coefficient difference are comparatively large, improve the automatization level of carbide alloy welding, for the Laser Welding interconnection technique of carbide alloy and steel provides theoretical and test basis, the processing of carbide alloy can be widely used in.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is carbide alloy using invar alloy as intermediate layer and 45# steel Laser Welding schematic diagram; Wherein, 111 is carbide alloy, and 112 is 45# steel, and 113 is invar alloy;
Fillet in normal shear shaping schematic diagram when Fig. 2 is P=3kW, υ=0.024m/s;
Sealing run shaping schematic diagram when Fig. 3 is P=3kW, υ=0.024m/s;
Fillet in normal shear shaping schematic diagram when Fig. 4 is P=3kW, υ=0.020m/s;
Sealing run shaping schematic diagram when Fig. 5 is P=2kW, υ=0.020m/s;
Macroscopical schematic diagram after Fig. 6 bends when being P=3kW, υ=0.024m/s;
Macroscopical schematic diagram after Fig. 7 bends when being P=2kW, υ=0.020m/s.
Detailed description of the invention
Below in conjunction with embodiment and accompanying drawing, the present invention is described in further detail and completely.
Be fixed on the operating platform of outer shaft deflection machine according to matching requirements after material to be welded is carried out surface treatment; Inputting process parameters in robotic programming controller, performs automatic welding; Weld and rear microcosmic forming Analysis has been carried out to sample.
Laser Welding schematic diagram of the present invention as shown in Figure 1, material YG20 carbide alloy 111 to be welded and 45# steel 112, size: the semicircle of φ 58 × 3mm, surface removal dirt rust, with acetone or alcohol washes for subsequent use; Packing material: containing the invar alloy 113 of 42%Ni, be of a size of the strip of 58 × 0.5 × 3mm; Protective gas: pure argon.IPG-YLS-5000W is adopted to mix ytterbium multi-mode fibre laser as thermal source, defocusing amount-8mm.KUKA KR60HA type welding robot and outer shaft deflection machine are as operating platform.
The welding method of being carried out carbide alloy and steel by above-mentioned Optical Maser System is as follows:
(1) weld front sander and surface treatment is carried out with flash removed and oxide layer to lay-by material carbide alloy 111 and steel 112, then treat welding material with alcohol or acetone and carry out Ultrasonic Cleaning to remove surface and oil contaminant;
(2) using as filling INVAR alloy 113 bonding partially of metal on the cross section of soldered material, then Butt Assembling is fixed on the operating platform of outer shaft deflection machine, and opens protective gas, regulates shielding gas flow amount, gas flow is 20 ~ 25L/min, and protective gas is argon gas;
(3) welding gun is moved to the docking center above soldered material, inputting process parameters in robotic programming controller, speed of welding is 0.012 ~ 0.024m/s, and power is 2 ~ 3kW;
(4) in confined space, manipulation robot starts automatic welding; Then stop welding, carry out inspection after welding.
Described soldered material side is the semicircle carbide alloy YG20 of φ 58mm, opposite side is the semicircle 45# steel of φ 58mm, the soldered material thickness central filler material be described in 3mm is width is 0.5mm, and thickness is 3mm, and length is the invar alloy of 58mm;
Described carbide alloy is WC-Co series hard metal, and Binder Phase is cobalt, and content is 20wt%, and hard phase is micron order tungsten carbide, and content is 80wt%; Described steel is 45# carbon steel; Described intermediate layer material is invar alloy, 42Ni, 0.6C, 3.4Mn, 4Nb, remaining as Fe (wt%).
Refer to the Welding experiment table of the carbide alloy shown in table 1 and steel again, wherein specifically describe the Welding experiment parameter under 2 kinds of different conditions.
Table 1
According to the content of upper table, be described in detail as follows:
1) B1 condition in table 1 of getting is example, material YG20 carbide alloy 111 to be welded and 45# steel 112, and size is: the semicircle of φ 58mm, and thickness is 3mm, and surface removal dirt rust, by acetone or alcohol washes dry for standby; Packing material: containing the invar alloy of Ni42 (wt%), length is of a size of 58 × 0.5 × 3mm; Protective gas: pure argon.Adopt IPG-YLS-5000W to mix ytterbium multi-mode fibre laser as thermal source, KUKA KR60HA type welding robot and outer shaft deflection machine are as operating platform.The omnipotent test machine for mechanism of Zwick/Roell Z020 type is adopted to carry out back side four-point bending test.
Sampling forming Analysis and bending strength detect, and Fig. 2 is that the fillet in normal shear under B1 welding condition is shaped, and Fig. 3 is that corresponding sealing run is shaped; B1 welding condition: speed of welding 0.024m/s, shield gas flow rate 22L/min, power is 3kW.Carry out postwelding forming Analysis, after testing: appearance of weld is good, after welding process and welding complete, flawless produces; B1 is cut into 3 × 4mm sample, carrying out surface finish makes surface roughness be R=0.5, gets three samples and carries out four-point bending test, if Fig. 6 is the sample grand design after B1 four-point bending, after testing: bending strength maximum is 980.90MPa, minimum of a value is 538.05MPa.
2) B5 condition in table 1 of getting is example, material YG20 carbide alloy 111 to be welded and 45# steel 112, and size is: the semicircle of φ 58mm, and thickness is 3mm, and surface removal dirt rust, by acetone or alcohol washes dry for standby; Packing material: containing the invar alloy of Ni42 (wt%), length is of a size of 58 × 0.5 × 3mm; Protective gas: pure argon.Adopt IPG-YLS-5000W to mix ytterbium multi-mode fibre laser as thermal source, KUKA KR60HA type welding robot and outer shaft deflection machine are as operating platform.The omnipotent test machine for mechanism of Zwick/Roell Z020 type is adopted to carry out back side four-point bending test.
Sampling forming Analysis and bending strength detect, and Fig. 4 is that the fillet in normal shear under B5 welding condition is shaped, and Fig. 5 is that corresponding sealing run is shaped; B5 welding condition: speed of welding 0.020m/s, shield gas flow rate 23L/min, power is 2kW.Carry out postwelding forming Analysis, after testing: postwelding is shaped good, does not occur cracking phenomena; Microcosmic forming Analysis shows, has pore to generate in welding point; B5 is cut into 3 × 4mm sample, carrying out surface finish makes surface roughness be R=0.5, gets three samples and carries out four-point bending test, if Fig. 7 is the sample grand design after B5 four-point bending, after testing: bending strength maximum is 744.18MPa, minimum of a value is 373.78MPa.
In sum, the present invention one is the automated production utilizing the automatic welding technique of robot to realize carbide alloy and steel; Two is utilize invar alloy as packing material, reduces the physical property such as coefficient of thermal expansion, thermal conductivity, fusing point difference due to carbide alloy and steel excessive and lack of penetration, the defect such as crackle, pore that cause.The problems such as the CEMENTED CARBIDE PRODUCTION rate existed in prior art is low, shape is single, poor toughness that utilize the technology of the present invention effectively to solve, the use cost of carbide alloy can be reduced, improve the toughness of metallurgical binding that carbide alloy welds with steel and welding point, improve the Automation of Welding level of carbide alloy and steel, for the Laser Welding interconnection technique of carbide alloy and steel provides theoretical and test basis, the processing of carbide alloy can be widely used in.
Those of ordinary skill in the art will be appreciated that, above embodiment is only used to object of the present invention is described, and be not used as limitation of the invention, as long as in essential scope of the present invention, the change of the above embodiment, modification all will be dropped in the scope of claim of the present invention.
Claims (8)
1. a preparation method for the Laser Welding weldment of carbide alloy/INVAR/ steel, is characterized in that, described preparation method comprises with INVAR alloy for intermediate layer packing material, and laser weld obtains the Laser Welding weldment of carbide alloy/INVAR/ steel.
2. the preparation method of the Laser Welding weldment of carbide alloy according to claim 1/INVAR/ steel, is characterized in that, described laser weld adopts laser instrument and robot combined method for laser welding.
3. the preparation method of the Laser Welding weldment of carbide alloy according to claim 2/INVAR/ steel, it is characterized in that, described laser instrument and robot combined method for laser welding adopt IPG-YLS-5000W to mix ytterbium multi-mode fibre laser as thermal source, defocusing amount-8mm; Adopt KUKA KR60 HA type welding robot and outer shaft deflection machine as operating platform; Employing argon gas is protective gas.
4. the preparation method of the Laser Welding weldment of carbide alloy according to claim 3/INVAR/ steel, is characterized in that, described preparation method specifically comprises the steps:
S1, be filled between carbide alloy, steel by INVAR alloy adaptation, Butt Assembling is fixed on the operating platform of outer shaft deflection machine, and opens protective gas, and regulate shielding gas flow amount, gas flow is 20 ~ 25L/min;
S2, welding gun moved to docking center above soldered material, inputting process parameters in robotic programming controller, speed of welding is 0.012 ~ 0.024m/s, and power is 2 ~ 3kW;
S3, in confined space, manipulation robot starts automatic welding.
5. the preparation method of the Laser Welding weldment of carbide alloy according to claim 4/INVAR/ steel, it is characterized in that, the pretreatment procedure of materials to be welded is also comprised before step S1, be specially: respectively surface treatment is carried out with flash removed and oxide layer to carbide alloy, INVAR alloy, steel with sander, then carry out Ultrasonic Cleaning to remove surface and oil contaminant with alcohol or acetone.
6. the preparation method of the Laser Welding weldment of the carbide alloy according to any one of Claims 1 to 5/INVAR/ steel, is characterized in that, described carbide alloy is WC-Co series hard metal, Binder Phase is cobalt, content is 20wt%, and hard phase is micron order tungsten carbide, and content is 80wt%; Described steel is 45# carbon steel; Consisting of of described INVAR alloy: 42wt%Ni, 0.6wt%C, 3.4wt%Mn, 4wt%Nb, surplus is Fe.
7. the preparation method of the Laser Welding weldment of the carbide alloy according to any one of Claims 1 to 5/INVAR/ steel, is characterized in that, the semicircle carbide alloy YG20 of described carbide alloy to be the thickness of φ 58mm be 3mm; The semicircle 45# steel of described steel to be the thickness of φ 58mm be 3mm; The width of described INVAR alloy is 0.5mm, and thickness is 3mm, and length is 58mm.
8. the Laser Welding weldment of carbide alloy/INVAR/ steel that obtains of the preparation method according to any one of claim 1 ~ 7.
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| CN105643103A (en) * | 2016-03-31 | 2016-06-08 | 长沙理工大学 | Galvanized steel sheet laser lapping welding method |
| CN105665933A (en) * | 2016-03-08 | 2016-06-15 | 南京航空航天大学 | Laser-arc hybrid welding method for Invar die steel |
| CN105583523B (en) * | 2016-02-25 | 2017-06-30 | 长沙理工大学 | A kind of method of ultrasonic wave added Laser Deep Penetration Welding jointed sheet material |
| CN108284229A (en) * | 2018-01-26 | 2018-07-17 | 上海工程技术大学 | A kind of sintering connection method of nano hard alloy and invar alloy |
| CN108526691A (en) * | 2018-03-27 | 2018-09-14 | 大族激光科技产业集团股份有限公司 | Method for laser welding |
| CN113634839A (en) * | 2021-07-21 | 2021-11-12 | 上海工程技术大学 | Cu/INVAR/Ni composite solder for heterogeneous connection of hard alloy and steel and laser melting brazing process thereof |
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| CN113634839A (en) * | 2021-07-21 | 2021-11-12 | 上海工程技术大学 | Cu/INVAR/Ni composite solder for heterogeneous connection of hard alloy and steel and laser melting brazing process thereof |
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