CN105643103B - A kind of galvanized steel plain sheet laser lap welding method - Google Patents
A kind of galvanized steel plain sheet laser lap welding method Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN105643103B CN105643103B CN201610196627.8A CN201610196627A CN105643103B CN 105643103 B CN105643103 B CN 105643103B CN 201610196627 A CN201610196627 A CN 201610196627A CN 105643103 B CN105643103 B CN 105643103B
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- Prior art keywords
- welding
- galvanized steel
- lap
- mother metal
- plain sheet
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Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K26/00—Working by laser beam, e.g. welding, cutting or boring
- B23K26/20—Bonding
- B23K26/21—Bonding by welding
- B23K26/24—Seam welding
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K26/00—Working by laser beam, e.g. welding, cutting or boring
- B23K26/20—Bonding
- B23K26/32—Bonding taking account of the properties of the material involved
- B23K26/322—Bonding taking account of the properties of the material involved involving coated metal parts
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K26/00—Working by laser beam, e.g. welding, cutting or boring
- B23K26/60—Preliminary treatment
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Optics & Photonics (AREA)
- Plasma & Fusion (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Laser Beam Processing (AREA)
Abstract
The present invention relates to a kind of galvanized steel plain sheet laser lap welding method, it is characterised in that：Step 1：In the first mother metal（2）On along welding direction process a series of inclined holes（1）；Step 2：First mother metal（2）With the second mother metal（4）Accurately overlap and clamp, a series of inclination blind holes are formed on welding bead；Step 3：Laser beam（5）Vertical radiation workpiece surface, along prefabricated inclined hole（1）Incline direction scans, and completes welding process.In the present invention, by prefabricated inclined hole runner, the molten bath flow regime in welding fusing forward position is improved, avoids the direct evaporation of lap-joint's zinc layers, so as to realize the laser lap welding of galvanized steel plain sheet zero clearance.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the laser lap welding method of a kind of method for laser welding, more particularly to a kind of galvanized steel plain sheet.
Background technology
The numerous premium properties of galvanized steel, especially its excellent Corrosion Protection and economic benefit so that it is in the modern times
Occupy very important status in industrial production.Various types of zinc-plated sheet materials are in automobile making, building, ventilation and heating facility
And the field such as Furniture manufacture is widely used.
However, the presence because of zinc layers in galvanized steel so that the welding usability of galvanized steel substantially reduces.Reason is zinc-plated
In the welding process of steel, the huge difference of coating zinc and matrix steel physical characteristic（The fusing point of zinc coat zinc is 420 DEG C, and boiling point is
907 DEG C, the fusing point far below iron matrix is 1300 DEG C）, the fusing of the gasification of coating zinc prior to matrix steel.At present, galvanized steel
Major weld process have three kinds：Resistance spot welding, arc welding and laser welding.For resistance spot welding, due to depositing for zinc coat
In, welding, electrode is easy to zinc layers alloying, reduces the life-span of electrode.And when using electric arc welding galvanized steel, it is low due to zinc
Boiling point, when electric arc rigid connection contacts zinc coat, zinc gasifies rapidly, and caused zinc fume outwards sprays, it is easy to produces welding
Therefore the weld defects such as slag particles, stomata, splashing, incomplete fusion and crackle, the stability of electric arc are also affected, welding quality
Decline, while a large amount of smog dust can be also produced in welding process.Further, since the weld width of arc welding is larger, and heat is defeated
Enter that amount is big, a large amount of gasifications of coating zinc reduce the corrosion resistance of galvanized steel commissure.Galvanized steel lap joint uses laser
During welding, the gasification of zinc coat is equally existed, and the defects of weld blowhole, splashing, incomplete fusion.
Therefore, Publication No. " B of CN 102233481 ", " B of CN 102120288 " and " US8692152 B2 " invention
Patent discloses the laser lap welding method of galvanized steel plain sheet, wherein using high power large spot laser beam high-speed welding galvanized steel
Plate, in the fusion pool rearward extended from illuminated laser spot, elongated hole is formed, so as to the metal vapors as caused by irradiating laser
Discharged to laser direct of travel rear and on the direction towards laser illumination source by elongated hole, solved to a certain extent
The weld defect problems such as the splashing of laser welding galvanized sheet lap joint weld seam, pin hole and bubble eye, but the technical scheme is still
Problems be present：The thin long eyelet formed in this method by high power laser light and the speed of welding that is exceedingly fast, in actual welding
It is unmanageable, and high power laser sources cost greatly improves.
The patent of invention of Publication No. " B of CN 102451955 ", " B of CN 101695790 " and " JP61-74793A " is public
The laser lap welding method of galvanized steel plain sheet has been opened, wherein using sept or level disparity, overlap joint welding will be subjected to
It is provided for discharging the gap of zinc fume between galvanized steel plain sheet, solves laser welding galvanized sheet lap joint to a certain extent
The weld defect problem such as weld seam splashing and stomata, but problems with still be present in the technical scheme：By advance in this method
Gap between lapping plate is set, in practical operation, it is difficult to the gap being consistent, so add laser welding process ginseng
Several match selection difficulty.
Publication No. " US6479168 B2 ", " US20080035615 A1 ", " US7329828 B2 " and " CN
101508058 B " patent of invention discloses galvanized steel sheet lap-over laser welding method, wherein being placed between steel plate faying surface
The metal foils such as Cu, Al, Zn/Al and Al-Sn, shadow of the zinc fume to welding process is reduced using the metallurgical reaction of alloying element and zinc
Ring, solve the problems, such as the weld defects such as the splashing of laser welding galvanized sheet lap joint weld seam and stomata to a certain extent, still
Problems with still be present in the technical scheme：Preset metal foil adds process complexity, and preset alloying element can be brought
New Welding Problems, such as oxidation, welding joint softened, corrosion resistance reduce.
The content of the invention
Present invention aim to address zinc layers explosive vaporization in current galvanized steel sheet lap-over joint laser beam welding, welding
Process is extremely unstable, the problem of the defects of spatter, stomata, incomplete fusion easily occurs.
The technical scheme is that provide a kind of galvanized steel plain sheet laser lap welding method, it is characterised in that.
Step 1：On the first mother metal a series of inclined holes are processed along welding direction.
Step 2：The impurity on the first mother metal and the second mother metal upper and lower surface is removed, with weld jig by the first mother metal and
Two mother metals are accurately overlapped and clamped, and a series of inclination blind holes are formed on welding bead.
Step 3：Start laser welding system, laser beam vertical radiation workpiece surface, laser beam focus spot size is put down
Prefabricated inclined hole center is distributed in, is then scanned along prefabricated inclined hole incline direction, completes welding process.
Further, in step 1, a series of inclined hole pore size D prefabricated on the first mother metal are 0.5 ~ 3 mm, its
It it is 30 °~75 ° with upper surface angulation β, distance d is 2~5 mm between adjacent holes, adjacent two in welding direction
The overlap distance δ in hole is 1~3 mm.
Further, in step 2, the first mother metal and the second mother metal are brought into close contact under weld jig clamping, that is, are overlapped
Inter-plate gap is zero.
Further, the first mother metal and the second mother metal thickness of slab t are 0.5 ~ 3 mm.
Further, this method is applied to two layers of galvanized steel sheet lap-over weldering or three layers of galvanized steel sheet lap-over plumb joint.
The beneficial effects of the invention are as follows.
1）In the present invention, by a series of prefabricated inclined holes on welding bead, in welding start-up portion, lap-joint's zinc fume from
Prefabricated inclined hole effusion；The molten metal that forward position is melted in welding process flows up along prefabricated inclined hole so that lap-joint's zinc
Layer melts and is dissolved into welding pool, avoid lap-joint's zinc layers and directly steam under the conduction of heat of molten metal in advance
Send out and form violent zinc fume, it is unstable so as to overcome welding process when galvanized steel plain sheet laser lap welds, easy generation splashing,
The problem of the defects of stomata and incomplete fusion.
2）Using galvanized steel plain sheet laser lap welding method provided by the invention, realize galvanized steel plain sheet zero clearance laser and take
Connect welding, the significantly less adjustment time of soldering cramping apparatus.
3）Using galvanized steel plain sheet laser lap welding method provided by the invention, avoid conventional arc high temperature and cause welding
The weld defect such as defect, zinc layers scaling loss, weldment deformation and residual stress greatly reduces.
4）In experimentation, experimenter find to exist between prefabricated inclined hole size and place mother metal thickness of slab t D=（0.3
~ 0.8）* during t relations, laser weld pools are most stable, and the welding point of formation is extremely smooth, unexpected technology occur
Effect.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is galvanized steel plain sheet laser lap welding method schematic diagram of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is that the first mother metal tilts circular hole distribution side view.
Fig. 3 is that the first mother metal tilts circular hole distribution top view.
Fig. 4 is the appearance of weld figure of Direct Laser overlap joint welding.
Fig. 5 is the appearance of weld figure of the inventive method welding.
Fig. 6 is the schematic diagram of embodiment two.
Wherein：1st, prefabricated inclined hole, the 2, first mother metal, 3, zinc coat, the 4, second mother metal, 5, laser beam, 6, aperture forward position wall,
7th, weld keyhole, 8, welding pool, 9, the weld seam of solidification, the 10, the 3rd mother metal, the 11, the 4th mother metal, the 12, the 5th mother metal.
Embodiment
The embodiment of the present invention is described in detail below with reference to accompanying drawing 1-6.
As shown in figure 1, welding workpiece is the two plates of double side zinc coating, wherein being placed in the galvanized steel plain sheet edge welding side of top
To a series of previously prepared inclination circular holes, two plates, two layers of lap joint of overlapping composition.Laser beam vertical incidence in workpiece surface,
Realize that galvanized steel plain sheet zero clearance laser lap is welded to connect.
In the embodiment, galvanized steel plain sheet laser lap welding method includes following steps.
Step 1：Along a series of inclination circular holes 1 of welding direction processing on the first mother metal 2；
As shown in Figures 1 to 3, a series of pore size D of inclination circular holes 1 prefabricated on the first mother metal 2 is 0.5 ~ 3 mm, its
It it is 30 °~75 ° with upper surface angulation β, distance d is 2~5 mm between adjacent holes, adjacent two in welding direction
The overlap distance δ in hole is 1~3 mm.
Step 2：Remove the impurity on the first mother metal 2 and the upper and lower surface of the second mother metal 4, these impurity include water stain, greasy dirt,
The influential debris of the welding qualities such as iron rust；Then the first mother metal 2 and the second mother metal 4 are accurately overlapped with welding fixture special
And clamp, that is, it is zero to overlap inter-plate gap, and a series of inclination blind holes are formed on welding bead.
Step 3：Start laser welding system, the vertical radiation workpiece surface of laser beam 5, the focal beam spot size of laser beam 5
The center of prefabricated circular hole 1 is evenly distributed in, is then scanned along the prefabricated incline direction of circular hole 1, completes welding process.
In this embodiment, the first mother metal 2 and the thickness of slab of the second mother metal 4 are 0.5 ~ 3 mm.
In this embodiment, laser beam CO2Laser or Nd：YAG laser or semiconductor laser, laser power are 2 ~ 8
KW, speed of welding are 0.5~5 m/min.
In this embodiment, laser power density is more than 106 W/cm2, form the weld keyhole 7 for going deep into material internal, weldering
Connect and be full of high-voltage high-speed metal vapors and plasma inside aperture, laser beam 5 is directly coupled to inside aperture, laser energy master
To be absorbed by the multipath reflection Fresnel of aperture forward position wall 6.
As shown in figure 1, in this embodiment, by presetting a series of inclination circular holes 1 on welding bead, in welding initial part
Point, lap-joint's zinc fume escapes from prefabricated circular hole 1；In welding process melt forward position molten metal along prefabricated circular hole 1 to
Upper flowing so that lap-joint's zinc layers 3 melt and be dissolved into welding pool under the conduction of heat of molten metal in advance, keep away
Mian Liao lap-joints zinc layers 3 are directly evaporated and form violent zinc fume, are welded so as to overcome during the welding of galvanized steel plain sheet laser lap
Process is unstable, easily occurs to splash, stomata and the problem of the defects of incomplete fusion.
As shown in Fig. 4 ~ 5, found by contrast test, the prefabricated galvanized steel plain sheet laser lap welding manner for tilting circular hole 1
It is obviously improved than Direct Laser overlap joint welding manner effect, Direct Laser overlaps face of weld a large amount of holes when welding and flown
Splash defect, as shown in figure 4, and it is prefabricated tilt circular hole 1 under the conditions of laser lap welding almost fly without hole and larger particles
Splash, and appearance of weld is good, weld strength is stable, as shown in Figure 5.
Embodiment 2：
Another embodiment of the invention is described in detail with reference to accompanying drawing 6.
As shown in fig. 6, welding workpiece is three blocks of sheet materials of double side zinc coating, wherein being placed in two pieces of galvanized steel plain sheets edge weldering of top
Connect a series of previously prepared inclination circular holes in direction, three pieces of galvanized steel plain sheets, three layers of lap joint of overlapping composition.Laser beam vertical incidence
In workpiece surface, realize that galvanized steel plain sheet zero clearance laser lap is welded to connect.
In the embodiment, galvanized steel plain sheet laser lap welding method includes following steps.
Step 1：Along a series of inclination circular holes 1 of welding direction processing on the 3rd mother metal 10 and the 4th mother metal 11；
With embodiment one（Fig. 2 and 3）It is identical, a series of prefabricated inclination circular holes on the 3rd mother metal 10 and the 4th mother metal 11
1 pore size D is 0.5 ~ 3 mm, and it is 30 °~75 ° with upper surface angulation β, between adjacent holes distance d be 2~
5 mm, the overlap distance δ of adjacent holes is 1~3 mm in welding direction.
Step 2：The impurity in the 3rd mother metal 10, the 4th mother metal 11 and the upper and lower surface of the 5th mother metal 12 is removed, these impurity
Including the influential debris of the welding qualities such as water stain, greasy dirt, iron rust；Then with welding fixture special by the 3rd mother metal 10,
Four mother metals 11 and the 5th mother metal 12 are accurately overlapped and clamped, that is, it is zero to overlap inter-plate gap.
Remaining step is the same as embodiment one.
Although refer to the attached drawing disclose in detail the present invention, it will be appreciated that, what these descriptions were merely exemplary, and
The non-application for being used for limiting the present invention.Protection scope of the present invention may include do not departing from this by appended claims
Various modifications, remodeling and the equivalents made in the case of invention protection domain and spirit for invention.
Claims (7)
- A kind of 1. galvanized steel plain sheet laser lap welding method, it is characterised in that：Step 1：On the first mother metal (2) a series of inclined holes (1) are processed along welding direction；Step 2：First mother metal (2) and the second mother metal (4) are accurately vertically overlapped and clamped up and down, are formed and a series of inclined on welding bead Oblique blind hole；Step 3：Laser beam (5) vertical radiation workpiece surface, scanned along prefabricated inclined hole (1) incline direction, complete welding process； In welding start-up portion, lap-joint's zinc fume escapes from inclined hole (1)；The molten metal in forward position is melted in welding process along oblique Hole (1) flows up so that lap-joint's zinc layers melt under the conduction of heat of molten metal and be dissolved into welding pool in advance In.
- 2. galvanized steel plain sheet laser lap welding method according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：In step 1, it is prefabricated oblique Hole (1) diameter D is 0.5~3mm, and the unified front to welding direction tilts, and inclination angle beta is 30 °~75 °.
- 3. galvanized steel plain sheet laser lap welding method according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：In step 1, adjacent two is oblique Distance d is 2~5mm between hole (1).
- 4. galvanized steel plain sheet laser lap welding method according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：In step 1, in welding side Overlap distance δ is 1~3mm between upward adjacent two inclined hole (1).
- 5. galvanized steel plain sheet laser lap welding method according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：In step 1, the first mother metal (2) and the second mother metal (4) lap joint inter-plate gap is zero.
- 6. galvanized steel plain sheet laser lap welding method according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：In step 1, the first mother metal (2) and the second mother metal (4) thickness of slab is 0.5~3mm.
- 7. galvanized steel plain sheet laser lap welding method according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：This method is applied to two layers Galvanized steel sheet lap-over welds or three layers of galvanized steel sheet lap-over plumb joint.
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| CN201610196627.8A CN105643103B (en) | 2016-03-31 | 2016-03-31 | A kind of galvanized steel plain sheet laser lap welding method |
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| CN201610196627.8A CN105643103B (en) | 2016-03-31 | 2016-03-31 | A kind of galvanized steel plain sheet laser lap welding method |
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| CN105643103B true CN105643103B (en) | 2017-11-21 |
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| CN110234463B (en) * | 2017-01-31 | 2021-12-21 | 松下知识产权经营株式会社 | Joint structure |
| CN107252971B (en) * | 2017-04-20 | 2019-11-19 | 武汉华工激光工程有限责任公司 | Galvanized sheet laser stitch welding method |
| CN108857010B (en) * | 2017-05-10 | 2021-04-20 | 华域汽车车身零件（武汉）有限公司 | Spot welding quality control method for galvanized steel sheet for automobile |
| CN107030382B (en) * | 2017-05-31 | 2018-10-02 | 长沙理工大学 | A kind of galvanized steel plain sheet laser splices welding method |
| CN107052582B (en) * | 2017-06-02 | 2018-11-02 | 长沙理工大学 | A kind of method of laser penetration welded blank |
| CN107639344B (en) * | 2017-10-24 | 2019-10-15 | 长沙理工大学 | A kind of galvanized steel plain sheet double light beam laser splices welding method and system |
| CN107498177B (en) * | 2017-10-24 | 2019-10-15 | 长沙理工大学 | A kind of non-penetration laser welding method and system |
| JP6898287B2 (en) * | 2018-10-19 | 2021-07-07 | フタバ産業株式会社 | Welding method |
| FR3102381B1 (en) * | 2019-10-24 | 2022-03-25 | Faurecia Systemes Dechappement | Method for assembling parts by producing a continuous and sealed weld along a perforated line formed in a first of the parts |
| CN111037084B (en) * | 2019-12-17 | 2022-03-04 | 中国航天空气动力技术研究院 | Welding method of niobium alloy |
| CN112247377A (en) * | 2020-09-03 | 2021-01-22 | 株洲国创轨道科技有限公司 | Laser deep melting welding method and device |
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| US20060011592A1 (en) * | 2004-07-14 | 2006-01-19 | Pei-Chung Wang | Laser welding control |
| US20110095000A1 (en) * | 2009-10-27 | 2011-04-28 | General Electric Co. | Workpiece and welding process for preventing porosity in a formed weld |
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|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN1532022A (en) * | 2003-03-03 | 2004-09-29 | �ӳɹ� | Joint design of laser welding zinc plated steel material |
| CN103071922A (en) * | 2012-12-28 | 2013-05-01 | 江苏大学 | High-strength laser transmission connecting method |
| CN105014238A (en) * | 2015-07-23 | 2015-11-04 | 上海工程技术大学 | Cemented carbide/INVAR/steel laser beam welding assembly and manufacturing method thereof |
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Application publication date: 20160608 Assignee: Guangzhou Zengcheng Shangji Machinery and Equipment Maintenance Department Assignor: CHANGSHA University OF SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY Contract record no.: 2019430000003 Denomination of invention: Galvanized steel sheet laser lapping welding method Granted publication date: 20171121 License type: Common License Record date: 20190305 |
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