CN1054568C - 用拉伸吹模法模制大型容器的方法 - Google Patents
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Abstract
提供了模制大型容器的方法,它包括的步骤有:通过反复间断地向一注模成型的端部封闭的厚壁型坯施加吹气压力并从该型坯上撤去吹气压力从而用该型坯形成一预制件;以及将上述预制件拉伸吹模成模壁面的大型容器。在内部温度较高的型坯的表面上形成了保持该型坯形状的表层之后立即从模具中取出型坯,然后用被加热至预定温度的预制件模具将上述型坯模制成预制件。在吹模内对预制件进行拉伸吹模以形成一大型容器。
Description
本发明涉及到通过拉伸吹模法用注模成型的端部封闭的厚壁面型坯来模制具有薄壁主体的大型容器的方法。
由于所需的定位程度及其它原因,很难通过直接拉伸吹模法用注模成型的端部封闭的型坯来模制具有薄壁主体的大型容器(如20升的瓶子)。通常的方法是在最终形成大型容器之前用端部封闭的型坯制成一个相对较大的预制件作为中间产品。
在实际的加工过程中,当端部封闭的型坯的壁面厚度明显大于通常的厚度(不大于4mm)时,通常的吹气法会导致预制件上有不均匀的部分。这种情况在不具有聚乙烯对苯二酸酯所具备的自恢复性能的树脂中特别明显。用拉伸吹模法将具有不均匀部分的预制件模制成大型容器会使得最终的大型容器的壁面厚度分布具有明显的不均匀性,这就会在模制或成型过程中造成严重的损坏。
壁面厚度大于5mm的聚乙烯对苯二酸酯具有白化的缺点,所以,对具有上述较大壁面厚度的端部封闭的型坯进行注模成型不适于通过拉伸吹模型来形成大型容器。通常的方法需要相当复杂的过程,该过程包括的步骤有“用两步注模法制做一个复式结构的端部为封闭的厚壁面型坯;以及在进行温度控制之后将上述端部封闭的厚壁面型坯拉伸吹模成一大型容器。
尽管上述通常的方法可以用注模成型的端部为封闭的预制件来形成较大的容器,但该方法不适于通过拉伸吹模法来形成诸如为20升瓶子之类的大型容器。
本发明的一个目的是提供一种用端部封闭的型坯来制做具有均匀壁面厚度分布的预制件并且通过拉伸吹模法用上述预制件以很容易的方式形成一大型容器的方法,同时提供一种用于达到上述目的的设备。
本发明的另一个目的是提供一种用拉伸吹模法来形成大型容器的一种方法,这种方法与通常的方法并无显著的差别,而只是采用了不同的吹气方式。
本发明提供了一种用拉伸吹模法模制大型容器的方法,它包括的步骤有:
在由注模、芯模和凸模所限定的内腔中注模加工出一端部为封闭的型坯,该型坯具有要被拉伸的厚壁部分,并且,该型坯的长度要短于最终的大型容器的长度;
在内部温度较高端部为封闭的型坯的表面上形成了保持型坯形状的表层之后,立即从注模和芯模中取出端部封闭的型坯,同时,用凸模固定住上述端部封闭的型坯已完全固化了的颈部;
用凸模将取出的端部封闭的型坯移到一预制件模具的半模处,所说的预制件模具已被事先加热到了预定的温度;
将端部封闭的型坯接收到上述预制件模具处于打开状态的两个半模之间,并且,使该预制件模具的两个半模闭合以便使端部封闭的型坯定位于预制件内腔的中心,而预制件的内腔则是由上述半模的配合表面所限定的;
在使预制件模具闭合之后将吹气芯和拉伸杆经由凸模向下插进端部封闭的型坯,因此,端部封闭的型坯在具有足够热量的同时会沿轴向被上述拉伸杆所拉伸并且会因施加了吹气压力而膨胀;
反复且有间断地短时间地吹入低压空气,然后释放该低压空气,同时,只有在第一次吹气时才进行上述沿轴向的拉伸操作从而使端部封闭的型坯膨胀以填充预制件的内腔,由此模制出一预定的预制件,此预制件具有介于端部封闭的型坯与最终的大型容器之间的中间尺寸;
将所说的预制件放置到吹模内;以及
用拉伸吹模法制造作为最终产品的大型容器,此容器具有壁面较薄的主体。
根据本发明的一个方面,有间断地进行吹气的步骤中的最后一次吹气时间要比其它有间断的以低压方式吹气的时间长,从而能使端部封闭的型坯膨胀以填充预制件的内腔并模制出预定的预制件。
根据本发明的一个方面,一因拉伸吹模步骤中空气压力而缩进底部模具内的支承部件支承着上述预制件,用上述支承部件进行支承可以防止预制件因其中所含的热量而收缩。
根据本发明的一个方面,进行拉伸吹模的步骤还包括进行初始的低压吹气和后继的高压吹气,因此,通过后继的高压吹气可以使预制件膨胀成最终的大型容器。
根据本发明的一个方面,端部封闭的型坯是通过注模法用聚碳酸酯构成的,并且,用被加热到140℃至150℃的预制件模具将该型坯模制成具有预定尺寸的预制件。
依照本发明的方法,端部封闭的型坯的一部分会因施加了吹气压力而膨胀,这就会减少该膨胀部分的壁面厚度并降低该膨胀部分的内部热量。撤掉吹气压力会除去内部阻力,从而引起收缩,收缩的程度要小于膨胀的程度,但会使得膨胀部分的壁面厚度恢复至等于收缩度的程度。膨胀然后收缩的部分具有比其余部分少的内部热量。因此,再次施加吹气压力会使其余部分以大于上述膨胀然后收缩部分的膨胀程度的方式膨胀。
反复施加吹气压力会使端部封闭的型坯的各个部分连续膨胀从而最终使整个型坯膨胀。这就能有效地防止型坯因局部膨胀而产生严重的损坏和显著的变形,从而形成一能便于模制成大型容器的预制件。
即便使用的材料是不具有聚乙烯对苯二酸酯所具备的自恢复性的树脂,通过间歇地施加和撤掉吹气压力而使型坯的各个部分反复膨胀和收缩,也可以很容易地形成预制件。然后,将该预制件吹模成具有均匀壁面厚度分布的大型容器。
通过以下参照附图对最佳实施例的详细说明,可以更清楚地看出本发明的上述及其它目的、特点、方法和优点。在附图中:
图1是说明本发明之方法的用于拉伸吹模大型容器的模制装置在处于打开状态时的局部剖面前视图;
图2是说明上述模制装置主要部分的平面图,其中,一预制件模具插在吹模的中间;
图3是说明上述模制装置主要部分的平面图,其中,在***有预制件模具的同时,吹模的两半是闭合的;
图4是概略说明模制预制件过程的垂直剖面图;
图5是概略说明除去预制件模具之后吹模的垂直剖面图;以及
图6是概略说明用吹模来模制大型容器过程的垂直剖面图。
图1至图6说明了本发明之方法的用于拉伸吹模大型容器的模制装置的实施例。吹模1包括安装在可自由移动的夹持板11,11内侧的半模12、12以及一可垂直移动的底部模具13。半模12、12带有配合表面以便与最终的大型容器内腔14的形状取得一致。将半模12、12组合起来以便在这两个半模的上端形成一用于凸模3的容座19。用于预制件(以后将予以说明)的支承杆15以能作垂直突出和收缩运动的方式突出于底部模具13的中心。支承杆15由弹性部件18所固定,而弹性部件18则安装在提升机构16的活塞17内,如图4至图6所示。
用注模法制成的端部封闭的型坯2在颈部被凸模3所固定住的同时进行移动以定位于吹模1的上方。传送板4使端部封闭的型坯2下降,从而将该型坯放置到处于打开状态的半模12、12的中心。如图4所示,吹气芯5以及拉伸杆6贯穿凸模3和传送板4并向下插进端部封闭的型坯2,而所说的凸模3和传送板4则被接收在位于闭合状态的吹模1上端处的容座19内。
用于将端部封闭的型坯2模制成预制件的预制件模具7安装在水平往复移动装置8的移动板81上,而往复移动装置8则安置在位于吹模1一侧的基体上。移动板81以直立的方式设置在底部移动板83的前端,底部移动板83由工作台82上的导轨所引导,从而能前进和后退。移动板81通过底部移动板83上的部件84与液压驱动装置85的移动杆86的端部相连。支承轴87、87在前表面的上端和下端水平地延伸。一对直立的支承板88、88安装在支承轴87的两端以便能绕基体的端部作枢轴运动,安装在支承板88、88之间并位于支承轴87附近的弹性部件89向外持续地挤压上述成对的支承板。
成对支承板88、88的内侧还设置有框架90、90。预制件模具7的半模71、71就嵌在框架90、90内,在框架90、90内,有一对隔热板91、91设置在半模71、71与成对支承板88、88之间。
半模71、71带有配合表面以便与内腔72的形状取得一致。将半模71、71组合在一起从而在这两个半模的上端形成一用于接收凸模3的容座73,容座73设置在与吹模1的容座19相同的高度处。在半模71、71的底部中心处形成有一开孔74,支承杆15插在并且装嵌在该开孔内。
如图2所示,预制件模具7处于打开状态的半模71、71可随成对的支承板88、88作水平运动并且插在吹模1处于打开状态的半模12、12之间。用于使吹模1闭合并向内挤压支承板88、88的力会逆着弹性部件89的弹力向内挤压预制件模具7的半模71、71并使这两个半模闭合。因此,半模71、71的配合表面会形成预制件10之内腔72的形状。
通过打开吹模1而撤掉闭合力会使得预制件模具7的半模71、71凭借弹性部件89而自动打开,并且在打开状态下随往复移动装置8移至吹模1的外侧。
以下说明用具有上述结构的模制装置来拉伸吹模成一大型容器的一般过程。
通过对聚碳酸酯进行注模成型可制成端部封闭的型坯2,此型坯要被拉伸的壁面厚度约为10mm,并且,此型坯的长度要短于最终的大型容器。在用凸模3固定住型坯2颈部的同时从注模和芯模(未显示)中取出处于高温状态的端部为封闭的型坯2。取出之后立即用传送板4使端部为封闭的型坯2随凸模3一道移动,从而将该型坯定位于处在打开状态的吹模1的上方。
移动结束之后,被加热到140℃至150℃的预制件模具7随成对的支承板88、88水平地向前运动并插在吹模1的两个半模12、12之间(见图2)。
端部封闭的型坯2随凸模3和传送板4下降从而定位于半模12、12之间。吹模1暂时闭合,因此,预制件模具7会闭合并且因吹模1的半模12、12而受压,如图3所示。闭合力会使支承杆15突出于要装嵌并接收在开孔74内的底部模具13,而开孔74则形成在预制件模具7的底部上。
预制件模具7闭合之后,将吹气芯5和拉伸杆6经由传送板4与凸模3向下插进端部封闭的型坯2内,如图4所示。这样,端部封闭的型坯2就会沿轴向被拉伸杆6所拉伸并会因施加了吹气压力而膨胀。反复且间断地进行吹气,但只在第一次吹气时进行上述沿轴向的拉伸操作。这种沿轴向的拉伸操作会将端部封闭的型坯2的底部牢靠地固定在拉伸杆6与支承杆15之间。
有间隔地吹入压力约为2kg的空气4至6次。每次施加吹气压力之后,就释放吹入的空气以便除去内部压力,因此,膨胀的部分会在某种程度上有所回缩。必须要设置很短的吹气时间以防局部过度膨胀。将最后一次吹气时间设置得相对较长例如约为4秒,以便使整个的型坯2膨胀成内腔72的形状。此后,对壁面厚度约为5mm的圆柱形预制件10进行拉伸吹模以便形成最终的大型容器。
模制出预制件10之后,打开吹模1并撤去对预制件7的两个半模71、71的压力。在将预制件10保持在模制位置的同时,弹性压力会自动地打开半模71、71。然后,预制件模具7会通过往复移动装置8水平地后退并返回至位于吹模1一侧的位置处。在这种状态下,预制件10由支承杆15所支承从而能定位于吹模1的中心,如图5所示。这就能有效地阻止预制件10因其中所具有的热量而收缩。
再次使吹模1闭合并对该吹模加以挤压,因此,预制件10会沿轴向被拉伸杆6所拉伸并因施加了吹气压力而膨胀。吹气过程包括初始的低压阶段和后继的高压(8kg或更高)阶段。如图5所示,在预制件10因后继的高压而膨胀的同时或者在该预制件膨胀之后,提升底部模具13以便逆着弹性部件18的弹力将支承杆15包容在模具13内并形成作为最终产品的大型容器100,此容器的壁面厚度约为1.2mm。
无论从哪个角度上说,上述实施例都仅仅是说明性的而不是限制性的。在不脱离本发明本质特征的范围与精神的情况下,可以有多种改进、变化和改动形式。只有后附的权利要求才能限定本发明的范围和精神。
Claims (9)
1.用拉伸吹模法模制大型容器的方法,它包括的步骤有:
在由注模、芯模和凸模所限定的内腔中注模加工出一端部为封闭的型坯,该型坯具有要被拉伸的厚壁部分,并且,该型坯的长度要短于最终的大型容器的长度;
在内部温度较高端部为封闭的型坯的表面上形成了保持型坯形状的表层之后,立即从注模和芯模中取出端部封闭的型坯,同时,用凸模固定住上述端部封闭的型坯已完全固化了的颈部;
用凸模将取出的端部封闭的型坯移到一预制件模具的半模处,所说的预制件模具已被事先加热到了预定的温度;
将端部封闭的型坯接收到上述预制件模具处于打开状态的两个半模之间,并且,使该预制件模具的两个半模闭合以便使端部封闭的型坯定位于预制件内腔的中心,而预制件的内腔则是由上述半模的配合表面所限定的;
在使预制件模具闭合之后将吹气芯和拉伸杆经由凸模向下插进端部封闭的型坯,因此,端部封闭的型坯在具有足够热量的同时会沿轴向被上述拉伸杆所拉伸并且会因施加了吹气压力而膨胀;
反复且有间断地短时间地吹入低压空气,然后释放该低压空气,同时,只有在第一次吹气时才进行上述沿轴向的拉伸操作从而使端部封闭的型坯膨胀以填充预制件的内腔,由此模制出一预定的预制件,此预制件具有介于端部封闭的型坯与最终的大型容器之间的中间尺寸;
将所说的预制件放置到吹模内;以及
用拉伸吹模法制造作为最终产品的大型容器,此容器具有壁面较薄的主体。
2.如权利要求1所述的方法,其特征在于,有间断地进行吹气的步骤中的最后一次吹气时间要比其它有间断的以低压方式吹气的时间长,从而能使端部封闭的型坯膨胀以填充预制件的内腔并模制出预定的预制件。
3.如权利要求1或2所述的方法,其特征在于,一因拉伸吹模步骤中空气压力而缩进底部模具内的支承部件支承着上述预制件,用上述支承部件进行支承可以防止预制件因其中所含的热量而收缩。
4.如权利要求1或2所述的方法,其特征在于,进行拉伸吹模的步骤还包括进行初始的低压吹气和后继的高压吹气,因此,通过后继的高压吹气可以使预制件膨胀成最终的大型容器。
5.如权利要求3所述的方法,其特征在于,进行拉伸吹模的步骤还包括进行初始的低压吹气和后继的高压吹气,因此,通过后继的高压吹气可以使预制件膨胀成最终的大型容器。
6.如权利要求1或2所述的方法,其特征在于,端部封闭的型坯是通过注模法用聚碳酸酯构成的,并且,用被加热到140°至150°的预制件模具将该型坯模制成具有预定尺寸的预制件。
7.如权利要求3所述的方法,其特征在于,端部封闭的型坯是通过注模法用聚碳酸酯构成的,并且,用被加热到140℃至150℃的预制件模具将该型坯模制成具有预定尺寸的预制件。
8.如权利要求4所述的方法,其特征在于,端部封闭的型坯是通过注模法用聚碳酸酯构成的,并且,用被加热到140℃至150℃的预制件模具将该型坯模制成具有预定尺寸的预制件。
9.如权利要求5所述的方法,其特征在于,端部封闭的型坯是通过注模法用聚碳酸酯构成的,并且,用被加热到140℃至150℃的预制件模具将该型坯模制成具有预定尺寸的预制件。
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JP256216/94 | 1994-09-26 | ||
JP25621694A JP3294019B2 (ja) | 1994-09-26 | 1994-09-26 | 大型容器の延伸吹込成形方法 |
JP/256216/1994 | 1994-09-26 |
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CN1054568C true CN1054568C (zh) | 2000-07-19 |
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US (1) | US5681520A (zh) |
EP (1) | EP0703057B1 (zh) |
JP (1) | JP3294019B2 (zh) |
KR (1) | KR100189402B1 (zh) |
CN (1) | CN1054568C (zh) |
AT (1) | ATE207002T1 (zh) |
BR (1) | BR9504734A (zh) |
CA (1) | CA2159042A1 (zh) |
DE (1) | DE69523249T2 (zh) |
EG (1) | EG20661A (zh) |
ES (1) | ES2166796T3 (zh) |
IL (1) | IL115407A (zh) |
NZ (1) | NZ280091A (zh) |
PH (1) | PH31482A (zh) |
SG (1) | SG94308A1 (zh) |
ZA (2) | ZA958074B (zh) |
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FR2801276B1 (fr) * | 1999-11-18 | 2004-07-23 | Volvic Eaux | Preforme pour la fabrication de bouteille de grande capacite, et bouteille ainsi obtenue |
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DE102010001096A1 (de) * | 2010-01-21 | 2011-07-28 | Krones Ag, 93073 | Vorrichtung und Verfahren zum Herstellen von Behältern aus Kunststoff |
DE102010006318B4 (de) * | 2010-01-29 | 2021-03-11 | Krones Aktiengesellschaft | Streckblasmaschine mit Gegendruckkompensation und Verfahren zum Expandieren von Kunststoffvorformlingen zu Kunststoffbehältnissen |
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US8968636B2 (en) | 2010-10-15 | 2015-03-03 | Discma Ag | Stretch rod system for liquid or hydraulic blow molding |
BR112013020908B8 (pt) * | 2011-02-15 | 2023-02-14 | Amcor Ltd | Dispositivo de moldagem para formar um recipiente de plástico a partir de uma pré-forma |
FR3043354B1 (fr) * | 2015-11-06 | 2017-12-22 | Sidel Participations | Moule equipe d'une tige de contre-etirage interchangeable |
JP7148527B2 (ja) * | 2017-09-29 | 2022-10-05 | 日精エー・エス・ビー機械株式会社 | ブロー成形方法及びブロー成形装置 |
CA3090666C (en) | 2018-02-07 | 2023-02-28 | Enpress Llc | Biaxially oriented blow-molded pressure vessels |
CN109454855B (zh) * | 2018-12-30 | 2024-04-02 | 广东星联精密机械有限公司 | 一种轴向双方向定位拉伸中空吹塑成型模具 |
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Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
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KR960010218A (ko) | 1996-04-20 |
EP0703057A2 (en) | 1996-03-27 |
AU3282995A (en) | 1996-04-04 |
IL115407A0 (en) | 1995-12-31 |
JP3294019B2 (ja) | 2002-06-17 |
US5681520A (en) | 1997-10-28 |
EP0703057A3 (en) | 1997-04-16 |
AU704913B2 (en) | 1999-05-06 |
KR100189402B1 (ko) | 1999-06-01 |
NZ280091A (en) | 1997-01-29 |
SG94308A1 (en) | 2003-02-18 |
ZA958075B (en) | 1996-04-23 |
DE69523249T2 (de) | 2002-05-29 |
ES2166796T3 (es) | 2002-05-01 |
BR9504734A (pt) | 1996-01-15 |
EG20661A (en) | 1999-10-31 |
ATE207002T1 (de) | 2001-11-15 |
CN1123219A (zh) | 1996-05-29 |
EP0703057B1 (en) | 2001-10-17 |
PH31482A (en) | 1998-11-03 |
CA2159042A1 (en) | 1996-03-27 |
JPH0890642A (ja) | 1996-04-09 |
IL115407A (en) | 1999-12-22 |
ZA958074B (en) | 1996-04-23 |
DE69523249D1 (de) | 2001-11-22 |
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