CN105370847B - Bipyramid frictional drive self-adapting automatic gear shift main shaft assembly - Google Patents
Bipyramid frictional drive self-adapting automatic gear shift main shaft assembly Download PDFInfo
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- CN105370847B CN105370847B CN201510565718.XA CN201510565718A CN105370847B CN 105370847 B CN105370847 B CN 105370847B CN 201510565718 A CN201510565718 A CN 201510565718A CN 105370847 B CN105370847 B CN 105370847B
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- friction disk
- ring
- cam
- inner ring
- outer ring
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Classifications
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16H—GEARING
- F16H57/00—General details of gearing
- F16H57/0018—Shaft assemblies for gearings
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16H—GEARING
- F16H15/00—Gearings for conveying rotary motion with variable gear ratio, or for reversing rotary motion, by friction between rotary members
- F16H15/02—Gearings for conveying rotary motion with variable gear ratio, or for reversing rotary motion, by friction between rotary members without members having orbital motion
- F16H15/04—Gearings providing a continuous range of gear ratios
- F16H15/44—Gearings providing a continuous range of gear ratios in which two members of non-uniform effective diameter directly co-operate with one another
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16H—GEARING
- F16H37/00—Combinations of mechanical gearings, not provided for in groups F16H1/00 - F16H35/00
- F16H37/02—Combinations of mechanical gearings, not provided for in groups F16H1/00 - F16H35/00 comprising essentially only toothed or friction gearings
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16H—GEARING
- F16H57/00—General details of gearing
- F16H57/04—Features relating to lubrication or cooling or heating
- F16H57/042—Guidance of lubricant
- F16H57/043—Guidance of lubricant within rotary parts, e.g. axial channels or radial openings in shafts
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16H—GEARING
- F16H57/00—General details of gearing
- F16H57/04—Features relating to lubrication or cooling or heating
- F16H57/0467—Elements of gearings to be lubricated, cooled or heated
- F16H57/0473—Friction devices, e.g. clutches or brakes
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16D—COUPLINGS FOR TRANSMITTING ROTATION; CLUTCHES; BRAKES
- F16D41/00—Freewheels or freewheel clutches
- F16D41/06—Freewheels or freewheel clutches with intermediate wedging coupling members between an inner and an outer surface
- F16D41/064—Freewheels or freewheel clutches with intermediate wedging coupling members between an inner and an outer surface the intermediate members wedging by rolling and having a circular cross-section, e.g. balls
- F16D2041/0646—Freewheels or freewheel clutches with intermediate wedging coupling members between an inner and an outer surface the intermediate members wedging by rolling and having a circular cross-section, e.g. balls the intermediate coupling members moving between recesses in an inner race and recesses in an outer race
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Friction Gearing (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of bipyramid frictional drive self-adapting automatic gear shift main shaft assembly, including power transmission shaft, slow shelves transmission mechanism and mechanical intelligent adaptive rate assembly, the rubbing surface of the active friction disk of mechanical intelligent adaptive rate assembly and the rubbing surface of driven friction disk use bipyramid surface wearing drive, the present invention forms the structure of separation combination using frictional disk, the advantages of with being quick on the draw, and axial dimension is smaller；Simultaneously, using the mutually chimeric structure of the trapezoidal annular protrusion of the radial section of rubbing surface and annular groove, form Double-conical-surface, the engagement in Decentralized Friction face, not only it is beneficial to the axiality for ensureing active friction disk and driven friction disk, it is additionally favorable for increasing rubbing surface, ensures to keep good transmission under the conditions of limited elastic force；It is additionally favorable for ensureing sensitive, the raising transmission accuracy, suitable for electric automobiles of separation, engagement.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of vehicle transmission, more particularly to a kind of bipyramid frictional drive self-adapting automatic gear shift main shaft
Assembly.
Background technology
In the prior art, automobile, motorcycle, electric bicycle are essentially all direct by speed adjusting lever or accelerator pedal
Air throttle or current control speed are controlled, or speed change is realized using hand-control mechanical automatic automatic transmission mode.Handle or acceleration are stepped on
The operation of plate depends entirely on the operation of human pilot, can usually cause operation and garage's situation mismatch, cause motor operation
It is unstable, there is stall phenomenon.
Motor vehicle is in the change quick-mounting, in the case where being unaware of running resistance, controlled by rider according only to experiential operating
Put, problems with unavoidably be present：1. start, go up a slope and during heavy load, due to running resistance increase, force motor speed to decline
Worked in inefficient area.2. because no mechanical transmission adjusts moment of torsion and speed, can only be promoted the use of in plains region, it is impossible to
Meet to use under mountain area, hills and heavy load conditions, reduce use range；3. installing space is small at driving wheel, it is mounted with to send out
It is difficult to accommodate automatic transmission and other new technologies again after motivation or motor；4. do not possess adaptive function, it is impossible to automatic inspection
Survey, amendment and the operating mistake for excluding driver；5. when speed change is unexpected, necessarily cause power of motor difficult with running resistance
With matching.6. continue apart from it is short, climbing capacity is poor, accommodation is small.
In order to solve problem above, present inventor has invented a series of cam self-adapting automatic gear shifting device, profit
With running resistance driving cam, reach fluid drive and the purpose according to running resistance Adaptive matching speed output torque, have
There is preferable application effect；Although foregoing cam self-adapting automatic gear shifting device have above-mentioned advantage, stability and high efficiency compared with
Prior art improves a lot, but parts thereof structure is complex, and speed changer volume is larger, long-term operation parts
Deformation is obvious, unstable support, causes running noises larger, influences running comfort and influence transmission efficiency, so as to energy consumption
It is higher；Also, the engagement of speed shelves, separating mechanism axial engagement face stroke length, Detaching and Lapping is not thorough enough, is unfavorable for improving transmission
Precision, overall form and position tolerance can be influenceed after long period use, so as to influence the stability of transmission.
Therefore, it is necessary to which a kind of be improved above-mentioned cam self-adapting automatic gear shifting device, it is not only able to adaptively accompany
Sail carried out automatically in the case that driving force is not cut off in resistance change it is shifted, solve moment of torsion-rotation speed change it is small can not meet it is multiple
Under the conditions of miscellaneous the problem of road occupation；Long-term operation still ensures that stabilization supports, and reduces running noises, ensures running comfort
And transmission efficiency is improved, so as to reduce energy consumption；Change the engagement of speed shelves, the present situation of separating mechanism axial engagement face stroke length, point
It is quick and thorough from engaging, beneficial to transmission accuracy is improved, it can still ensure overall form and position tolerance after long period use, so as to ensure
The stability of transmission.
The content of the invention
In view of this, it is an object of the invention to provide a kind of side hanging self-adapting automatic gear shift of waveform frictional drive
Device, it is not only able to carry out shifted, solution torsion in the case of adaptively not cutting off driving force with running resistance change automatically
Square-rotation speed change small the problem of can not meeting complex condition road occupation；Long-term operation still ensures that stabilization supports, and drops
Low running noises, ensure running comfort and improve transmission efficiency, so as to reduce energy consumption；Change the engagement of speed shelves, separating mechanism
The present situation of axial engagement face stroke length, Detaching and Lapping is quick and thorough, beneficial to transmission accuracy is improved, still can after long period use
Ensure overall form and position tolerance, so as to ensure the stability of transmission.
The bipyramid frictional drive self-adapting automatic gear shift main shaft assembly of the present invention, including power transmission shaft and be arranged on power transmission shaft
Mechanical intelligent adaptive rate assembly；
Mechanical intelligent adaptive rate assembly includes driven friction disk, active friction disk and speed change flexible member；
Active friction disk and driven friction disk form the disk-type friction biography for transmitting fast shelves in a manner of rubbing surface cooperates
Dynamic pair, using shape by the way of annular protrusion insertion annular groove between the rubbing surface of active friction disk and the rubbing surface of driven friction disk
Into the disk-type friction transmission for transmitting fast shelves, and the cross section of annular protrusion and the cross section of annular groove make active friction to be trapezoidal
Disk and driven friction disk form inside and outside bipyramid surface wearing drive；Speed change flexible member, which applies, makes driven friction disk and active friction disk
It is bonded the pretightning force of transmission；The driven friction disk is coated at power transmission shaft and coordinated with it by the auxiliary driving of main transmission cam.
Further, in addition to it is used for the freewheel clutch for transmitting slow shelves power, the freewheel clutch includes outer ring, inner ring
And rolling element, the engagement space for engaging or separating by rolling element, the outer race shaft are formed between the outer ring and inner ring
Ring-shaped depression is formed to end face, and the inner ring is set in rotation with the ring-shaped depression and to be formed at inner ring cylindrical in engagement space
Between the inwall of ring-shaped depression radial outside；The active friction disk be used for receive power and input when in use to surmount from
Clutch outer ring, the freewheel clutch inner ring export slow shelves power transmission to driven friction disk；
Further, it is rotatably assorted and is coated at power transmission shaft and covers one end at least provided with an intermediate cam set, the intermediate cam
Coordinated with driven friction disk by secondary I transmission of cam, the other end is matched somebody with somebody with the transmission of freewheel clutch inner ring by cam pair II and merged
Slow shelves power is transferred to driven friction disk by the clutch end of intermediate reduction gear transmission mechanism；The inner ring of the freewheel clutch
Surmount on power output direction of rotation between outer ring, in use, the active friction disk passes through intermediate reduction gear transmission mechanism
It is driven and coordinates with the outer ring of freewheel clutch；
Further, the freewheel clutch also includes Support roller assembly, and the supporting roller assembly is comprised at least parallel to super
More clutch axis and with the spaced backing roll of rolling element, the backing roll it is cylindrical with adjacent rolling element is cylindrical contacts,
The backing roll is set in a manner of the circumferencial direction in freewheel clutch is movable；
Further, the inner ring it is axially extending go out outer ring ring-shaped depression and extension inner circle have can coordinate with power transmission shaft
Inner ring supporting part, the outer ring inner circle have can with power transmission shaft coordinate outer ring supporting part；The inner ring supporting part it is cylindrical
External spiral cam I is formed, intermediate cam is arranged with inside spin cam I, and the inside spin cam I cooperates with external spiral cam I
Spiral prominence wheel set I is formed, the cam pair II is spiral prominence wheel set I；
Further, the supporting roller assembly also includes supporting roller support, and the backing roll is with can be along freewheel clutch circumference
Slide and be supported in around the mode of own axis by supporting roller support in the ring-shaped depression radial outside of outer ring in direction
Between wall and inner ring are cylindrical；
Further, the supporting roller support includes corresponding to pushing out ring I and pushing out ring II that backing roll both ends are set, the pushing out ring
I and pushing out ring II be respectively provided with for backing roll both ends penetrate along pushing out ring I and the annular groove of the circumferencial direction of pushing out ring II, the branch
Runner both ends are slidably matched with corresponding annular groove；The ring-shaped depression axial direction bottom of the outer ring, which is provided with, to be used for by lubricating oil
Oil-through hole, the pushing out ring I is located at ring-shaped depression axial direction bottom and the annular groove bottom land of pushing out ring I is provided with axially extending bore；
Further, the main transmission cam pair is provided with by the integrally formed clutch plate axle sleeve inner circle of the driven friction disk
The inside spin cam II that inside spin cam II and power transmission shaft are provided with complements each other to form, and the active friction disk is can slide axially
Mode be coated at clutch plate axle sleeve formed disk-type friction transmission；
Further, transmission bracket one end is connected with active friction disk and is driven cooperation, and one end away from active friction disk turns
Dynamic cooperation is supported in gearbox body, space of the speed change flexible member between transmission bracket and power transmission shaft and is coated at biography
Moving axis.
The beneficial effects of the invention are as follows：The bipyramid frictional drive self-adapting automatic gear shift main shaft assembly of the present invention, have existing
There are all advantages of cam self-adapting automatic gear shifting device, if detecting driving torque-rotating speed and traveling according to running resistance
Resistance-GES, output power of motor is in best match state all the time with traveling state of vehicle, realize vehicle traction
Torque and the balance of comprehensive running resistance control, and adaptively enter automatically with running resistance change in the case where not cutting off driving force
Row is shifted；It can meet to use under mountain area, hills and heavy load conditions, make motor load change gentle, motor vehicles fortune
Row is steady, improves security；The structure of separation combination is formed using frictional disk, there is the advantages of being quick on the draw, and axial dimension
It is smaller；Meanwhile using the mutually chimeric structure of the trapezoidal annular protrusion of the radial section of rubbing surface and annular groove, form bipyramid
Face, the engagement in Decentralized Friction face, not only it is beneficial to the axiality for ensureing active friction disk and driven friction disk, is additionally favorable for increase friction
Face, wearability is improved, ensures to keep good transmission under the conditions of limited elastic force；It is additionally favorable for ensureing separation, the spirit of engagement
It is quick, transmission accuracy is improved, suitable for electric automobiles.
Brief description of the drawings
The invention will be further described with reference to the accompanying drawings and examples.
Fig. 1 is the axial section structural representation of the present invention；
Fig. 2 is overrun clutch structure schematic diagram；
Fig. 3 is freewheel clutch circumference sectional view.
Embodiment
Fig. 1 is the axial section structural representation of the present invention, and Fig. 2 be overrun clutch structure schematic diagram, Fig. 3 be surmount from
Clutch circumference sectional view, as shown in the figure：The bipyramid frictional drive self-adapting automatic gear shift main shaft assembly of the present invention, including power transmission shaft
1st, slow shelves transmission mechanism and the mechanical intelligent adaptive rate assembly being arranged on power transmission shaft 1；
Mechanical intelligent adaptive rate assembly includes driven friction disk 5, active friction disk 6 and speed change flexible member 3；
Active friction disk 6 and driven friction disk 5 form the disk-type friction for transmitting fast shelves in a manner of rubbing surface cooperates
Transmission, using the side of annular protrusion insertion annular groove between the rubbing surface of active friction disk 6 and the rubbing surface of driven friction disk 5
Formula forms the disk-type friction transmission for transmitting fast shelves, and the cross section of annular protrusion and the cross section of annular groove make actively to be trapezoidal
Frictional disk 6 and driven friction disk 5 form inside and outside bipyramid surface wearing drive；As illustrated, the rubbing surface of active friction disk 6 is provided with ring
Shape groove (cross section is trapezoidal), the rubbing surface of driven friction disk 5 forms annular protrusion (cross section is trapezoidal), using annular groove band
The mode that dynamic annular protrusion is driven, the progress being more conducively driven and saving driving power；Speed change flexible member 3 apply make from
Dynamic friction disk 5 is bonded the pretightning force of transmission with active friction disk 6；The driven friction disk 5 is coated at power transmission shaft 1 and passed through with it
The auxiliary driving of main transmission cam coordinates；Disk-type friction transmission refers to being formed between driven friction disk 5, active friction disk 6 can be with
Separation or the structure of couple drive；Speed change flexible member 3, which applies, makes driven friction disk 5 be bonded the pre- of transmission with active friction disk 6
Clamp force；The driven friction disk 5 is coated at power transmission shaft 1 and coordinated with it by the auxiliary driving of main transmission cam.
In the present embodiment, in addition to for transmitting the freewheel clutch of slow shelves power, the freewheel clutch includes outer ring
8th, inner ring 9 and rolling element 12, the engagement space for engaging or separating by rolling element is formed between the outer ring 8 and inner ring 9,
The axial end of outer ring 8 forms ring-shaped depression, and the inner ring 9 is set in rotation with the ring-shaped depression and engagement space shape
Into cylindrical between the inwall of ring-shaped depression radial outside in inner ring 9；The active friction disk 6 is used to receive power and use
When input to freewheel clutch outer ring 8, the freewheel clutch inner ring 9 and export slow shelves power transmission to driven friction disk 5；On
Refer to that the present invention is used for speed changer when stating use；The rolling element 12 of freewheel clutch and the structure in engagement space belong to existing skill
Art, it will not be repeated here；Because the axial end of outer ring 8 forms ring-shaped depression, its warp-wise sectional view is then formed similar to arciform knot
Structure, install inner ring 9 after to inner ring 9 formed radial direction support；The knot being located at using inner ring 9 in the ring-shaped depression that outer ring 8 formed
Structure, the embedded outer ring 8 from structure of inner ring 9, makes to form the influence mutually supported between inner ring 9 and outer ring 8, avoids on traditional structure
Inner ring 9 is supported directly upon the structure of power transmission shaft 1, it also avoid driving error on freewheel clutch be exaggerated the problem of, not only
Ensure the resistance to overturning of freewheel clutch, also improve service life and running precision, ring is used suitable for heavy duty and high speed
Border；Intermediate reduction gear transmission mechanism can be primary gear speed reducing transmission or other reducing transmission structures, and the intermediate reduction gear is driven
Mechanism can ensure that active friction disk 6 is transferred to rotating speed of the rotating speed less than active friction disk 6 of the outer ring 8 of freewheel clutch；For
Realize the goal of the invention of the present invention, the inner ring 9 of the freewheel clutch on power output member output direction of rotation with outer ring 8 it
Between surmount；As illustrated, (drive mechanism such as spline) is coordinated to be provided with slow shelves actively with the external toothing transmission of the active friction disk 6
Gear, in use, the slow shelves driving gear passes through intermediate reduction gear mechanism and the engaged transmission of outer ring 8 of freewheel clutch；Structure
Simple and compact, realize the power transmission of slow shelves；The freewheel clutch of the present invention is located at the annular that inner ring 9 is formed using inner ring 9
Structure in depression, the embedded outer ring 8 from structure of inner ring 9, makes to form the influence mutually supported between inner ring 9 and outer ring 8, avoids
Inner ring 9 is supported directly upon the structure of power transmission shaft 1 on traditional structure, it also avoid what driving error was exaggerated on freewheel clutch
Problem, not only ensure the resistance to overturning of freewheel clutch, also cause speed changer long-term operation still to ensure that stabilization supports, drop
Low running noises, ensure running comfort and improve transmission efficiency, so as to reduce energy consumption；Also improve service life and operation essence
Degree, suitable for heavy duty and the use environment of high speed.
In the present embodiment, it is rotatably assorted and is coated at power transmission shaft 1 at least provided with an intermediate cam set 7, the intermediate cam
Cover 7 one end with driven friction disk 5 by the transmission of cam pair I to coordinate, the other end is passed by cam pair II with freewheel clutch inner ring 9
It is dynamic that slow shelves power is transferred to driven friction disk 5 by the clutch end of intermediate reduction gear transmission mechanism with merging；It is described surmount from
The inner ring 9 of clutch surmounts on power output direction of rotation between outer ring 8, in use, the active friction disk 6 passes through centre
The transmission of the outer ring 8 of reduction gearing mechanism and freewheel clutch coordinates；In the present embodiment, the main transmission cam pair is by described driven
The external spiral cam that the 5a of inside spin cam II and power transmission shaft 1 that the integrally formed clutch plate axle sleeve inner circle of frictional disk 5 is provided with are provided with
II 1a is complemented each other to form, and the active friction disk 6 is coated at clutch plate axle sleeve formation disc type and rubbed in an axially sliding manner
Wipe transmission；The 5a of inside spin cam II and power transmission shaft 1 that the main transmission cam pair is provided with by the clutch plate axle sleeve inner circle are set
Some 1a of external spiral cam II are complemented each other to form, and form spiral prominence wheel set II, equally, inside spin cam II and external spiral cam
II is spiral prominence race, embeds ball 4 and forms spiral prominence wheel set II；The shaft part transmission that the power transmission shaft 1 extends casing is matched somebody with somebody
The driving member 2 for being provided with and being used for coordinating with hub drive is closed, as illustrated, the driving member 2 is the drive plate for being connected with wheel hub
Structure；As illustrated, when active friction disk 6 drives the rotation of driven friction disk 5, axle is produced to power transmission shaft 1 by spiral prominence wheel set
Rotate to two component of circumferencial direction, wherein circumferencial direction component driving power transmission shaft 1 and export power, axial thrust load is transmitted
The mounting structure of axle 1 is offset, and its reaction force acts is in driven friction disk 5 and puts on speed change flexible member 3；In axial thrust load
Flexible member is formed when reaching setting numerical value and compressed so that driven friction disk 5 and active friction disk 6 separate, and form speed change
Condition, belong to the structure of prior art, will not be repeated here；Certainly, spiral prominence wheel set is the preferred structure of the present embodiment, also may be used
Using the secondary driving of existing other cams, such as edge cam etc., but spiral prominence wheel set can make this structure more compact, system
Make, install and repair more convenient, and helical structure stable drive, uniform force, have unrivaled stability and
Smoothness, operating efficiency is further improved, there are more preferable energy conservation and consumption reduction effects, the discharge of larger control vehicle, be more suitable for
The roadsters such as light two wheeler use.
As illustrated, slow shelves driving gear, which is rotatably assorted, is coated at the supporting part of the formation of freewheel clutch inner ring 9 and driven
The axle sleeve position that frictional disk 5 is formed, i.e., the cam auxiliary driving position between freewheel clutch inner ring 9 and driven friction disk 5；And
Slow shelves driving gear coordinates with the transmission of active friction disk 6；General structure simple and compact, beneficial to assembling, it is suitable for inner rotor motor
The structure of transmission.
In the present embodiment, freewheel clutch also includes Support roller assembly, and the supporting roller assembly is comprised at least parallel to super
More clutch axis and with the spaced backing roll of rolling element, the backing roll it is cylindrical with adjacent rolling element is cylindrical contacts,
The backing roll is set in a manner of the circumferencial direction in freewheel clutch is movable；Independently of outer ring 8 and the backing roll of inner ring 9
Structure, and using servo-actuated structure, for keeping the spacing between rolling element, cancel the flexible member of prior art and spacing
Seat, avoid directly processing limit base on outer ring 8 or inner ring 9, simplify process, improve operating efficiency, reduce processing cost,
Ensure processing and assembly precision, increase the service life and ensure to be driven effect, and it is readily replaceable after associated components damage, reduce
Maintenance and use cost；Due to using the structure of backing roll 4, single flexible member is not used, can be surpassed with theory unlimited extend
The more axial length of clutch and rolling element, increase length of action, that is to say, that can need to increase overdrive clutch according to load-bearing
The axial length of device, so as to increase the bearing capacity of freewheel clutch, and reduce compared with the freewheel clutch under high bearing capacity
Radial dimension, extend the service life of freewheel clutch；Simultaneously as backing roll 13 directly contacts with rolling element 12, particularly
During using roller construction, the point contact to roller for eliminating prior art applies unbalanced possibility caused by pretightning force, protects
Card to the spacing balance of rolling element, makes it without departing from parallel with the axis of inner ring 9 on the premise of longer axis is to size, so as to
Ensure the stable operation of freewheel clutch, avoid mechanical breakdown；Using the structure of support roller 13, rolling element typically uses roller knot
Structure；
The supporting roller assembly also includes supporting roller support, and the backing roll 13 along freewheel clutch circumferencial direction can slide
Dynamic and around own axis mode is supported in the inwall of the ring-shaped depression radial outside of outer ring 8 and interior by supporting roller support
Enclose 9 it is cylindrical between；This structure ensures rotation or the free sliding degree of backing roll, so as to be further ensured that the servo-actuated of backing roll
Property so that form rolling friction between rolling element and backing roll when freewheel clutch is run, reduce power consumption, and to surmount from
The stability of clutch is preferable；
In the present embodiment, the supporting roller support includes corresponding to pushing out ring I 14 and pushing out ring II 11 that backing roll both ends are set,
The pushing out ring I 14 and pushing out ring II 11 be respectively provided with for backing roll both ends penetrate along pushing out ring I 14 and the circumference side of pushing out ring II 11
To annular groove (indicate the annular groove 14a on pushing out ring I 14 in figure, the annular groove 11a on pushing out ring II 11 with pushing out ring I 14
Ring channel structures it is similar and inside), the backing roll both ends are slidably matched with corresponding annular groove, i.e. one end of backing roll
The annular groove penetrated on pushing out ring I 14, the annular groove that the other end is penetrated on pushing out ring II 11；Using the mounting structure of annular groove, structure
Simply, assembling is easy, further such that the structure of freewheel clutch simplifies, reduces cost.
In the present embodiment, the ring-shaped depression axial direction bottom of the outer ring 8 is provided with the oil-through hole 8a being used for by lubricating oil, institute
State that pushing out ring I 14 is located at ring-shaped depression axial direction bottom and the annular groove bottom land of pushing out ring I 14 is provided with axially extending bore 14b；Pass through oil-through hole
Simultaneously removal of lubricant can be introduced, grease channel is together form with the opening of ring-shaped depression, realizes preferably lubrication and cleaning,
So as to ensure the operating of freewheel clutch.
In the present embodiment, the engagement space is outside by the wedge-shaped slot of the Excircle machining of inner ring 9 and the ring-shaped depression footpath of outer ring 8
Formed between the inwall of side；Simplify processing technology, improve processing efficiency, and reduce processing cost.
In the present embodiment, distribution and backing roll and the rolling element pair of the axially extending bore of the annular groove bottom land of the pushing out ring I 14
Should；Being capable of preferably relatively straightforward offer lubrication.
In the present embodiment, the diameter of the backing roll is less than 1/3rd of the diameter of rolling element, and rolling element is roller.
In the present embodiment, the inner ring 9 it is axially extending go out outer ring 8 ring-shaped depression and extension inner circle have can be with transmission
The supporting part of inner ring 9 that axle 1 coordinates, the inner circle of outer ring 8 have the supporting part of outer ring 8 that can coordinate with power transmission shaft 1；The inner ring 9
The cylindrical 9a of formation external spiral cam I of supporting part, intermediate cam set 7 are provided with the 7a of inside spin cam I, the 7a of inside spin cam I and
The 9a of external spiral cam I complements each other to form spiral prominence wheel set I；That is the supporting part of outer ring 8 and the supporting part of inner ring 9 is rotatably assorted setting
In power transmission shaft 1；The whole freewheel clutch of this structure is supported jointly by inner ring 9 and outer ring 8, is increased resistance to overturning, is ensured to make
With life-span and transmission accuracy；The end of the supporting part of inner ring 9 forms edge cam, driven friction disk 5 by edge cam with
The edge cam of the supporting part of inner ring 9 cooperatively forms cam pair；As illustrated, slow shelves driving gear be coated at the supporting part of inner ring 9 and
Driven friction disk 5 is coordinates the axle sleeve position that is formed with the supporting part of inner ring 9；As illustrated, beneficial to fit clearance is eliminated, ensure
Fit precision, meanwhile, it is driven pause and transition in rhythm or melody sense beneficial to eliminating；In the present embodiment, the cam pair II is freewheel clutch inner ring 9 with
Between the spiral prominence wheel set I that is formed between cam sleeve 7；As illustrated, intermediate cam set 7 is fixedly connected provided with a major diameter axle sleeve,
The major diameter axle sleeve inner circle is provided with the 7a of inside spin cam I, freewheel clutch inner ring 9 it is axially extending go out outer ring 8 part it is cylindrical
Provided with the 9a of external spiral cam I with the cooperation of the inside spin cam I of major diameter axle sleeve patio, certain spiral cam is spiral prominence race
And it is interior be provided with ball 10, to ensure that two spiral cam grooves form engagement；Using the drive mechanism of spiral prominence wheel set I, beneficial to disappearing
Except radial clearance, ensure fit precision, meanwhile, axial fit clearance is eliminated, so as to beneficial to elimination transmission pause and transition in rhythm or melody sense.The present embodiment
In, the supporting part of inner ring 9 of the inner ring 9 is provided with the needle bearing of inner ring 9 for being used for being rotatably assorted with power transmission shaft 1, the outer ring 8
The supporting part of outer ring 8 is provided with the needle bearing of outer ring 8 for being used for being rotatably assorted with power transmission shaft 1；Using the structure of needle bearing, it is applied to
Power transmission shaft 1 is installed to, whole drive mechanism adaptability is stronger.
In the present embodiment, transmission bracket one end is connected with active friction disk 6 and is driven cooperation, away from active friction disk 6
One end, which is rotatably assorted, is supported in gearbox body, space of the speed change flexible member 3 between transmission bracket and power transmission shaft 1 and
It is coated at power transmission shaft 1；As illustrated, on power transmission shaft 1 by it is left-to-right be provided with freewheel clutch outer ring 8, intermediate cam set 7, it is driven
Friction plate and speed change flexible member 3 (the present embodiment uses speed change disc spring), the transmission bracket of tubular structure is to the shape of active friction disk 6
Into stable support, ensure transmission accuracy, meanwhile, speed change flexible member 3 be located at space of the transmission bracket between power transmission shaft 1 and
Power transmission shaft 1 is coated at, it is compact-sized.
Above example is the optimum structure of the present invention, is not limiting the scope of the present invention；In connection side
The scheme adjusted in formula, the realization without influenceing this hair goal of the invention.
The fast shelves power transmission line of the present embodiment：
Outside inside spin cam → power transmission shaft 1 of power → 6 → driven friction disk of active friction disk, 5 → driven friction disk 5
Spiral cam → power transmission shaft 1 exports power；
Now freewheel clutch surmounts, and resistance transfer route：The external spiral cam 1a of 1 → power transmission shaft of power transmission shaft 1 → from
Inside spin cam 5a → driven friction disk 5 of dynamic friction disk 5 → compression speed change butterfly spring；The external spiral that power transmission shaft 1 passes through power transmission shaft 1
Cam applies axial force to the inside spin cam and driven friction disk 5 of driven friction disk 5 and compresses speed change butterfly spring, works as running resistance
A timing is increased to, the axial force speed change butterfly spring, separates active friction disk 6 and driven friction disk 5, power passes through following routes
Transmit, i.e., slow shelves power transmission line：
Outer ring 8 → freewheel clutch inner ring 9 of power → active friction disk 6 → slow shelves driving gear → freewheel clutch →
External spiral cam 1a → power transmission shaft of inside spin cam 5a → power transmission shaft 1 of cam pair → 5 → driven friction disk of driven friction disk 5
1 output power.
Slow shelves power transmission line also passes through following route simultaneously：Cam pair → driven friction disk 5 → compression speed change butterfly spring,
Prevent occurring compression speed change butterfly spring reciprocating compression in slow shelves transmission process, during so as to prevent that slow shelves are driven active friction disk 6 and from
Dynamic friction disk 5 is bonded.
There is above-mentioned transfer route to can be seen that the present invention operationally, active friction disk 6 is with driven friction disk 5 in speed change
It is brought into close contact under butterfly spring effect, forms the automatic transmission of a holding certain pressure, and can be by increasing variable-speed shaft
The axial width of set adjusts pressure needed for clutch engagement, reaches transmission purpose, now, power drive active friction disk 6, from
Dynamic friction disk 5, power transmission shaft 1, power transmission shaft 1 is set to export power rotate counterclockwise；Now slow shelves freewheel clutch, which is in, surmounts state.
Resistance is more than driving force during motor vehicle starting, and resistance forces power transmission shaft 1 to rotate clockwise certain angle, in power transmission shaft
In the presence of 1 external spiral cam 1a, driven friction disk 5 compresses speed change butterfly spring；Driven friction disk 5 and active friction disk 6 separate,
It is synchronous, slow shelves freewheel clutch engagement, power drive active friction disk 6, slow shelves driving gear 19, freewheel clutch outer ring 8,
Inner ring 9, driven friction disk 5 and power transmission shaft 1, power transmission shaft 1 is exported power and rotated with slow notch speed degree；Therefore, realize automatically low
Fast shelves start, and shorten the starting time, reduce starting power.At the same time, speed change butterfly spring absorbs resistance of motion square energy, is extensive
Multiple fast shelves gear passing power stores standby potential energy.
After starting successfully, running resistance is reduced, when pressure caused by component is reduced to less than speed change butterfly spring, because being transported
Dynamic resistance is compressed and produces speed change butterfly spring pressure and discharge rapidly under promotion, completes driven friction disk 5 and active friction disk 6 recovers tight
Closely connected conjunction state, slow shelves freewheel clutch, which is in, surmounts state.
During traveling, it is same as above with the change fluid drive principle of the resistance of motion, the feelings of driving force need not be being cut
Shift is realized under condition, makes whole locomotive operation steady, safe and low consumption, and also transfer route is simplified, and improves transmission efficiency.
Finally illustrate, the above embodiments are merely illustrative of the technical solutions of the present invention and it is unrestricted, although with reference to compared with
The present invention is described in detail good embodiment, it will be understood by those within the art that, can be to the skill of the present invention
Art scheme is modified or equivalent substitution, and without departing from the spirit and scope of technical solution of the present invention, it all should cover at this
Among the right of invention.
Claims (5)
- A kind of 1. bipyramid frictional drive self-adapting automatic gear shift main shaft assembly, it is characterised in that：Including power transmission shaft and it is arranged on biography Mechanical intelligent adaptive rate assembly on moving axis；Mechanical intelligent adaptive rate assembly includes driven friction disk, active friction disk and speed change flexible member；Active friction disk and driven friction disk form the disk-type friction transmission for transmitting fast shelves in a manner of rubbing surface cooperates, Between the rubbing surface of active friction disk and the rubbing surface of driven friction disk biography is formed by the way of annular protrusion is embedded in annular groove Pass the disk-type friction transmission of fast shelves, and the cross section of annular protrusion and the cross section of annular groove for it is trapezoidal make active friction disk and Driven friction disk forms inside and outside bipyramid surface wearing drive；Speed change flexible member, which applies, makes driven friction disk be bonded with active friction disk The pretightning force of transmission；The driven friction disk is coated at power transmission shaft and coordinated with it by the auxiliary driving of main transmission cam；Also include being used for the freewheel clutch for transmitting slow shelves power, the freewheel clutch includes outer ring, inner ring and rolling element, institute The engagement space formed between outer ring and inner ring for engaging or separating by rolling element is stated, the outer ring axial end forms ring Shape is recessed, and the inner ring is set in rotation with the ring-shaped depression and to be formed at inner ring cylindrical with ring-shaped depression footpath in engagement space Between inwall laterally；The active friction disk is used to receive power and input when in use to freewheel clutch outer ring, institute Freewheel clutch inner ring is stated to export slow shelves power transmission to driven friction disk；It is rotatably assorted and is coated at least one intermediate cam set, the intermediate cam on power transmission shaft and covers one end and driven friction disk By cam pair I transmission coordinate, the other end by cam pair II with freewheel clutch inner ring transmission match somebody with somebody merge by slow shelves power by The clutch end of intermediate reduction gear transmission mechanism is transferred to driven friction disk；The inner ring of the freewheel clutch revolves in power output Turn between outer ring to surmount on direction, in use, the active friction disk passes through intermediate reduction gear transmission mechanism and freewheel clutch Outer ring transmission coordinate；The inner ring it is axially extending go out outer ring ring-shaped depression and extension inner circle have can with power transmission shaft coordinate inner ring support Portion, the outer ring inner circle have the outer ring supporting part that can coordinate with power transmission shaft；The cylindrical formation external spiral of the inner ring supporting part Cam I, intermediate cam are arranged with inside spin cam I, and the inside spin cam I complements each other to form spiral prominence with external spiral cam I Wheel set I, the cam pair II is spiral prominence wheel set I.
- 2. bipyramid frictional drive self-adapting automatic gear shift main shaft assembly according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：It is described super More clutch also includes supporting roller assembly, and the supporting roller assembly is comprised at least parallel to freewheel clutch axis and and rolling element Spaced backing roll, the backing roll it is cylindrical with adjacent rolling element is cylindrical contacts, the backing roll is with overdrive clutch The mode that the circumferencial direction of device is movable is set.
- 3. bipyramid frictional drive self-adapting automatic gear shift main shaft assembly according to claim 2, it is characterised in that：The branch Roller assemblies also include supporting roller support, and the backing roll along freewheel clutch circumferencial direction can slide and turn around own axes Dynamic mode be supported in by supporting roller support the ring-shaped depression radial outside of outer ring inwall and inner ring it is cylindrical between.
- 4. bipyramid frictional drive self-adapting automatic gear shift main shaft assembly according to claim 3, it is characterised in that：The branch Runner support includes corresponding to pushing out ring I and pushing out ring II that backing roll both ends are set, and the pushing out ring I and pushing out ring II are respectively provided with For backing roll both ends penetrate along pushing out ring I and the annular groove of the circumferencial direction of pushing out ring II, the backing roll both ends and corresponding annular Groove is slidably matched；The ring-shaped depression axial direction bottom of the outer ring, which is provided with, to be used to be located at by the oil-through hole of lubricating oil, the pushing out ring I The annular groove bottom land of ring-shaped depression axial direction bottom and pushing out ring I is provided with axially extending bore.
- 5. bipyramid frictional drive self-adapting automatic gear shift main shaft assembly according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：The master The inside spin cam II and power transmission shaft that driving cam pair is provided with by the integrally formed clutch plate axle sleeve inner circle of the driven friction disk The inside spin cam II being provided with complements each other to form, and the active friction disk is coated at driven dish axle in an axially sliding manner Set forms disk-type friction transmission.
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| CN201510565718.XA CN105370847B (en) | 2015-09-08 | 2015-09-08 | Bipyramid frictional drive self-adapting automatic gear shift main shaft assembly |
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| CN201510565718.XA CN105370847B (en) | 2015-09-08 | 2015-09-08 | Bipyramid frictional drive self-adapting automatic gear shift main shaft assembly |
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| CN105370847B true CN105370847B (en) | 2017-11-24 |
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| CN201510565718.XA Expired - Fee Related CN105370847B (en) | 2015-09-08 | 2015-09-08 | Bipyramid frictional drive self-adapting automatic gear shift main shaft assembly |
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| CN108817969A (en) * | 2018-09-13 | 2018-11-16 | 河南理工大学 | A kind of adjustable deep hole machining brill milling set composite for boring milling speed ratio |
| WO2020207447A1 (en) * | 2019-04-10 | 2020-10-15 | 西南大学 | Mechanical dual-overrunning clutch shaft output adaptive automatic gearbox shaft assembly, gearbox and drive system |
| WO2020211696A1 (en) * | 2019-04-16 | 2020-10-22 | 西南大学 | Dual-overrunning clutch shaft sleeve output adaptive automatic transmission main shaft assembly, gearbox, and drive system |
| WO2020211695A1 (en) * | 2019-04-16 | 2020-10-22 | 西南大学 | Adaptive automatic transmission main shaft assembly employing double overrunning clutch-based mechanical shaft end-output, transmission, and drive system |
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| JP3008320B2 (en) * | 1992-06-11 | 2000-02-14 | キタムラ機械株式会社 | Spindle head of machine tool |
| CN102734350A (en) * | 2012-06-18 | 2012-10-17 | 西南大学 | Mechanical intelligent self-adaptation automatic clutch |
| CN102748450A (en) * | 2012-07-02 | 2012-10-24 | 西南大学 | Mechanical intelligent adaptive two-gear multi-cam automatic speed change driver |
| CN102788098A (en) * | 2011-05-19 | 2012-11-21 | 杨苏英 | Novel overload protection structure of coupler |
| CN204921917U (en) * | 2015-09-08 | 2015-12-30 | 梁稚子 | Bipyramid tendency drive self -adaptation automatic speed changing main shaft assembly |
Family Cites Families (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP3415238B2 (en) * | 1993-12-24 | 2003-06-09 | Ｎｔｎ株式会社 | Friction type continuously variable transmission |
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2015
- 2015-09-08 CN CN201510565718.XA patent/CN105370847B/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Patent Citations (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP3008320B2 (en) * | 1992-06-11 | 2000-02-14 | キタムラ機械株式会社 | Spindle head of machine tool |
| CN102788098A (en) * | 2011-05-19 | 2012-11-21 | 杨苏英 | Novel overload protection structure of coupler |
| CN102734350A (en) * | 2012-06-18 | 2012-10-17 | 西南大学 | Mechanical intelligent self-adaptation automatic clutch |
| CN102748450A (en) * | 2012-07-02 | 2012-10-24 | 西南大学 | Mechanical intelligent adaptive two-gear multi-cam automatic speed change driver |
| CN204921917U (en) * | 2015-09-08 | 2015-12-30 | 梁稚子 | Bipyramid tendency drive self -adaptation automatic speed changing main shaft assembly |
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