CN105151217B - The spiral waveform frictional drive self-adapting automatic gear shift drive assembly of battery-operated motor cycle - Google Patents
The spiral waveform frictional drive self-adapting automatic gear shift drive assembly of battery-operated motor cycle Download PDFInfo
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- CN105151217B CN105151217B CN201510604495.3A CN201510604495A CN105151217B CN 105151217 B CN105151217 B CN 105151217B CN 201510604495 A CN201510604495 A CN 201510604495A CN 105151217 B CN105151217 B CN 105151217B
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16H—GEARING
- F16H61/00—Control functions within control units of change-speed- or reversing-gearings for conveying rotary motion ; Control of exclusively fluid gearing, friction gearing, gearings with endless flexible members or other particular types of gearing
- F16H61/26—Generation or transmission of movements for final actuating mechanisms
- F16H61/28—Generation or transmission of movements for final actuating mechanisms with at least one movement of the final actuating mechanism being caused by a non-mechanical force, e.g. power-assisted
- F16H61/32—Electric motors actuators or related electrical control means therefor
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B62—LAND VEHICLES FOR TRAVELLING OTHERWISE THAN ON RAILS
- B62M—RIDER PROPULSION OF WHEELED VEHICLES OR SLEDGES; POWERED PROPULSION OF SLEDGES OR SINGLE-TRACK CYCLES; TRANSMISSIONS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR SUCH VEHICLES
- B62M11/00—Transmissions characterised by the use of interengaging toothed wheels or frictionally-engaging wheels
- B62M11/04—Transmissions characterised by the use of interengaging toothed wheels or frictionally-engaging wheels of changeable ratio
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16D—COUPLINGS FOR TRANSMITTING ROTATION; CLUTCHES; BRAKES
- F16D41/00—Freewheels or freewheel clutches
- F16D41/06—Freewheels or freewheel clutches with intermediate wedging coupling members between an inner and an outer surface
- F16D41/064—Freewheels or freewheel clutches with intermediate wedging coupling members between an inner and an outer surface the intermediate members wedging by rolling and having a circular cross-section, e.g. balls
- F16D41/066—Freewheels or freewheel clutches with intermediate wedging coupling members between an inner and an outer surface the intermediate members wedging by rolling and having a circular cross-section, e.g. balls all members having the same size and only one of the two surfaces being cylindrical
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16H—GEARING
- F16H57/00—General details of gearing
- F16H57/0018—Shaft assemblies for gearings
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16H—GEARING
- F16H57/00—General details of gearing
- F16H57/02—Gearboxes; Mounting gearing therein
- F16H57/023—Mounting or installation of gears or shafts in the gearboxes, e.g. methods or means for assembly
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16H—GEARING
- F16H57/00—General details of gearing
- F16H57/02—Gearboxes; Mounting gearing therein
- F16H2057/02039—Gearboxes for particular applications
- F16H2057/02043—Gearboxes for particular applications for vehicle transmissions
- F16H2057/02065—Gearboxes for particular applications for vehicle transmissions for motorcycles or squads
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Transportation (AREA)
- Friction Gearing (AREA)
- Mechanical Operated Clutches (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of spiral waveform frictional drive self-adapting automatic gear shift drive assembly of battery-operated motor cycle, including cabinet, transmission shaft, slow gear transmission mechanism and the mechanical intelligent adaptive rate assembly using waveform frictional drive, slow gear transmission mechanism includes that freewheel clutch inner ring is coated at the inner circle of a driving sleeve and inner ring and is equipped with spiral cam for cooperating with driving sleeve, freewheel clutch inner ring of the present invention uses the export structure of spiral cam, and it is set on driving sleeve, reduce the use of edge cam, and spiral cam has preferable flexibility, it is more sensitive to resistance response；So that freewheel clutch itself, which is formed, has a possibility that more cam drives, guarantee the sensitivity and stability of separation and the engagement of frictional drive using waveform frictional drive, reduce the axial dimension of speed changer, it is used suitable for wheel hub etc., speed-change process has preferable flexibility and higher transmission accuracy.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of vehicle transmission, in particular to a kind of spiral waveform frictional drive of battery-operated motor cycle
Self-adapting automatic gear shift drive assembly.
Background technique
In the prior art, automobile, motorcycle, electric bicycle are essentially all direct by speed adjusting lever or accelerator pedal
Air throttle or current control speed are controlled, or speed change is realized using hand-control mechanical automatic automatic transmission mode.Handle or acceleration are stepped on
The operation of plate depends entirely on the operation of driver, usually will cause operation and garage's situation mismatches, cause motor or hair
, there is blocking phenomenon in motivation fluctuation of service.
Motor vehicle, in the case where being unaware of running resistance, is filled by rider according only to the speed change of experiential operating control
It sets, inevitably has the following problems: 1. in starting, upward slope and heavy load, since running resistance increases, forcing motor or engine
Revolving speed decline works in inefficient area.2. can only be promoted in plains region due to there is no mechanical transmission adjustment torque and speed
It uses, is not able to satisfy under mountain area, hills and heavy load conditions and uses, reduce use scope；3. installation space is small at driving wheel,
It is difficult to accommodate automatic transmission and other new technologies again after being mounted with engine or motor；4. not having adaptive function, no
The operating mistake of driver can be detected, corrects and excluded automatically；5. necessarily causing motor or engine when speed variation is unexpected
Power is difficult to match with running resistance.6. continuing apart from short, climbing capacity is poor, adaptation range is small.
In order to solve problem above, present inventor has invented a series of cam self-adapting automatic gear shifting device, benefit
Cam is driven with running resistance, achievees the purpose that self shifter and according to running resistance Adaptive matching speed output torque, tool
There is preferable application effect；Although cam self-adapting automatic gear shifting device above-mentioned has the above advantages, stability and high efficiency compared with
The prior art improves a lot, but parts thereof structure is complex, and speed changer volume is larger, as necessary transmission parts
Freewheel clutch itself submissive could not be driven, and itself need to cooperate more cam drive structure for the technical program,
Further increase speed changer volume.
Therefore, it is necessary to one kind to improve above-mentioned cam self-adapting automatic gear shifting device, is not only able to adaptively accompany
It sails and carries out shift speed change in the case that driving force is not cut off in resistance variation automatically, solution torque-rotation speed change is small not to be able to satisfy again
Under the conditions of miscellaneous the problem of road occupation；Freewheel clutch itself as necessary transmission parts submissive can be driven, and reduce cooperation
Cam drive structure, to reduce speed changer volume.
Summary of the invention
In view of this, the object of the present invention is to provide a kind of spiral waveform frictional drive of battery-operated motor cycle adaptively from
Dynamic variable speed drives assembly is not only able to carry out shift change automatically in the case where adaptively not cutting off driving force with running resistance variation
Speed solves the problems, such as that torque-rotation speed change is small and is not able to satisfy complex condition road occupation；Meanwhile as necessary transmission parts
Freewheel clutch itself submissive can be driven, the cam drive structure of cooperation is reduced, to reduce speed changer volume.
The spiral waveform frictional drive self-adapting automatic gear shift drive assembly of battery-operated motor cycle of the invention, including cabinet
It further include the slow machinery for keeping off transmission mechanism and being arranged on transmission shaft with the transmission shaft for cooperating and outputing power with body pivot
Intelligent self-adaptive speed changing assembly；
Mechanical intelligent adaptive rate assembly includes driven friction disk, active friction disk and speed change elastic element；
Active friction disk and driven friction disk form the disk-type friction biography for transmitting fast shelves in such a way that rubbing surface is mutually matched
Dynamic pair, is embedded in edge using annular protrusion radially arranged side by side between the rubbing surface of active friction disk and the rubbing surface of driven friction disk
The mode of radial annular groove arranged side by side forms the disk-type friction transmission for transmitting fast shelves and annular protrusion and annular groove make actively to rub
The radial section for wiping the rubbing surface of disk and the rubbing surface of driven friction disk is waveform；The application of speed change elastic element makes from dynamic friction
Disk is bonded the pretightning force of transmission with active friction disk；The driven friction disk is coated at transmission shaft and passes through main transmission cam with it
Auxiliary driving cooperation；The slow gear transmission mechanism includes freewheel clutch and intermediate reduction gear transmission mechanism, the freewheel clutch packet
Outer ring, inner ring and rolling element are included, is formed and is used for through rolling element engagement or isolated engagement space between the outer ring and inner ring,
The inner circle that the inner ring is coated at a driving sleeve and inner ring is equipped with the spiral cam for cooperating with driving sleeve；The active
Power is input to freewheel clutch outer ring by intermediate reduction gear mechanism by frictional disk.
Further, further include motor and power input mechanism, the power input mechanism include power input driving gear,
First power inputs driven gear, power input jackshaft and the second power and inputs driven gear, and the power inputs driving tooth
Wheel is driven by rotor axis of electric, and the first power input driven gear is engaged with power input driving gear, the first power
Input driven gear and the input driven gear transmission of the second power are equipped with and input jackshaft in power, and power inputs jackshaft
It is rotatably assorted and is supported in cabinet；Power is input to active friction disk by the second power input driven gear；
Further, speed change elastic element applies the pretightning force for making it be bonded transmission with active friction disk to driven friction disk；
When the transmission shaft power output, main transmission cam pair applies the axis opposite with speed change elastic element pretightning force to driven friction disk
To component；
Further, it is rotatably assorted and is coated at transmission shaft at least provided with an intermediate cam set, the intermediate cam covers one end
Cooperated with driven friction disk by secondary I transmission of cam, the other end is matched with driving sleeve transmission by cam pair II and merges and will keep off slowly
Power is transferred to driven friction disk by freewheel clutch inner ring；
Further, the freewheel clutch further includes Support roller assembly, and the supporting roller assembly is super including at least being parallel to
More clutch axis and with the spaced backing roll of rolling element, the backing roll outer circle contacts with adjacent rolling element outer circle,
The backing roll is arranged in the movable mode of the circumferencial direction in freewheel clutch；
Further, the cam pair I and cam pair II are edge cam pair；
Further, the supporting roller assembly further includes supporting roller support, and the support roller is with can be along freewheel clutch circumference
It slides and is supported between outer ring inner circle and inner ring outer circle around the mode of own axis by supporting roller support in direction；
Further, the supporting roller support includes the pushing out ring I and pushing out ring II corresponding to the setting of backing roll both ends, the pushing out ring
I and pushing out ring II be respectively provided with the annular groove along II circumferencial direction of pushing out ring I and pushing out ring penetrated for backing roll both ends, the branch
Runner both ends are slidably matched with corresponding annular groove；It further include the rolling being supported between outer ring and inner ring positioned at I outside of pushing out ring
Dynamic bearing I and the rolling bearing II being supported between outer ring and inner ring on the outside of pushing out ring II；The annular groove slot of the pushing out ring I
The annular groove slot bottom of bottom and pushing out ring II is equipped with axially extending bore；
Further, the main transmission cam pair is equipped with by the integrally formed driven disc axle sleeve inner circle of the driven friction disk
The external spiral cam that inside spin cam and transmission shaft are equipped with complements each other to form, and the active friction disk is with axially slidable side
Formula is coated at driven disc axle sleeve and forms disk-type friction transmission；
Further, the support frame for being provided with tubular structure is fixedly connected with active friction disk, which rubs far from active
The one end for wiping disk, which is rotatably assorted, is supported in gearbox body, space of the speed change elastic element between support frame and transmission shaft
And it is coated at support shaft.
The beneficial effects of the present invention are: the spiral waveform frictional drive of battery-operated motor cycle of the invention adaptively becomes automatically
Fast drive assembly, all advantages with existing cam self-adapting automatic gear shifting device drive as being detected according to running resistance
Torque-revolving speed and running resistance-speed signal, are in motor or engine output always with traveling state of vehicle
Best match state realizes that vehicle traction torque and the balance of comprehensive running resistance control, in the case where not cutting off driving force
Adaptively change automatic progress shift speed change with running resistance；It can satisfy and used under mountain area, hills and heavy load conditions, make electricity
Machine or engine load variation are gentle, and motor vehicles run smoothly, and improve safety；
Meanwhile the structure that separation combines is formed using frictional disk, have the advantages that be quick on the draw, and axial dimension is smaller；
Meanwhile the structure mutually chimeric using the radial section waveform of rubbing surface guarantees friction under the conditions of limited radial dimension
The engagement in face is not only conducive to guarantee the concentricity of active friction disk and driven friction disk, is additionally favorable for increasing rubbing surface, guarantees having
Good transmission is kept under the conditions of the elastic force of limit；Be additionally favorable for guarantee separation, engagement it is sensitive, improve transmission accuracy, be suitable for
Electric automobiles；Freewheel clutch inner ring uses the export structure of spiral cam, and is set on driving sleeve, and it is convex to reduce end face
The use of wheel, and spiral cam has preferable flexibility, it is more sensitive to resistance response；So that freewheel clutch itself is
Formation has a possibility that more cam drives, simple and compact for Adaptive Mechanical speed changer structure, reduces the axis of speed changer
To size, it is suitable for wheel hub etc. and uses, speed-change process has preferable flexibility and higher transmission accuracy.
Detailed description of the invention
The invention will be further described with reference to the accompanying drawings and examples.
Fig. 1 is axial section structural schematic diagram of the invention；
Fig. 2 is overrun clutch structure schematic diagram；
Fig. 3 is freewheel clutch axial sectional view.
Specific embodiment
Fig. 1 be axial section structural schematic diagram of the invention, Fig. 2 be overrun clutch structure schematic diagram, Fig. 3 be surmount from
Clutch axial sectional view, as shown in the figure: the spiral waveform frictional drive self-adapting automatic gear shift of battery-operated motor cycle of the invention
Drive assembly, including cabinet and the transmission shaft 1 for cooperating and outputing power with body pivot, the cabinet has pacifies for side hanging
Mounting portion loaded on hub side, in use, motor is fixedly connected on cabinet, cabinet is fixedly connected on the vehicle frame of hub side, shape
At side hanging structure；The mechanical intelligent adaptive rate assembly for further including slow gear transmission mechanism and being arranged on transmission shaft 1；
Mechanical intelligent adaptive rate assembly includes driven friction disk 6, active friction disk 7 and speed change elastic element；
Active friction disk 7 and driven friction disk 6 form the disk-type friction for transmitting fast shelves in such a way that rubbing surface is mutually matched
Transmission, it is embedding using annular protrusion radially arranged side by side between the rubbing surface of active friction disk 7 and the rubbing surface of driven friction disk 6
The mode for entering annular groove radially arranged side by side forms the disk-type friction transmission for transmitting fast shelves and annular protrusion and annular groove make to lead
The radial section of the rubbing surface of the rubbing surface and driven friction disk 6 of dynamic friction disk 7 is waveform；Speed change elastic element application make from
Dynamic friction disk 6 is bonded the pretightning force of transmission with active friction disk 7；The driven friction disk 6 is coated at transmission shaft 1 and passes through with it
Main transmission cam auxiliary driving cooperation；Disk-type friction transmission refers to being formed between driven friction disk 6, active friction disk 7 can be with
The structure of separation or couple drive；In the present invention, the rubbing surface of active friction disk 7 and the rubbing surface of driven friction disk 6 are set respectively
Side convex annular when having corresponding annular protrusion (around 6 axis of active friction disk 7 and driven friction disk) and annular groove, and using
The annular groove (driven friction disk 6) for playing (active friction disk 7) and the other side forms embedded structure relatively, reaches engagement friction
With isolated effect；The cross section of annular protrusion and annular groove can be triangle, trapezoidal, arc, be able to achieve the present invention
Purpose, the present embodiment use arc；Details are not described herein；The application of speed change elastic element makes driven friction disk and active friction disk
It is bonded the pretightning force of transmission；The driven friction disk is coated at transmission shaft and is cooperated with it by the auxiliary driving of main transmission cam；Institute
State active friction disk 7 for receive drive power, that is, receive the power that transmits of driving motor；The slow gear transmission mechanism includes super
More clutch and intermediate reduction gear transmission mechanism, the freewheel clutch include outer ring 14, inner ring 15 and rolling element, the outer ring 14
It is formed between inner ring 15 for by rolling element engagement or isolated engagement space, the rolling element of freewheel clutch and engagement to be empty
Between structure belong to the prior art, details are not described herein；The inner ring 15 is coated at the inner circle of a driving sleeve 16 and inner ring 15
Equipped with the spiral cam for cooperating with driving sleeve 16, i.e., pass through spiral prominence wheel set between 15 inner circle of inner ring and driving sleeve 16
I cooperation, as shown, 15 inner circle of inner ring forms inside spin cam path I, 16 outer circle of driving sleeve forms external spiral cam path I, interior
Spiral prominence race I and external spiral cam path I complement each other to form spiral prominence wheel set I by ball；The active friction disk 7 passes through
Power is input to freewheel clutch outer ring 14 by intermediate reduction gear mechanism；Freewheel clutch inner ring 15 uses the output knot of spiral cam
Structure, and be set on driving sleeve 16, the use of edge cam is reduced, and spiral cam has preferable flexibility, to resistance
Power reaction is more sensitive；So that freewheel clutch itself, which is formed, has a possibility that more cam drives, for mechanical adaptive
Judgement of speed change device is simple and compact for structure, reduces the axial dimension of speed changer, is suitable for wheel hub etc. and uses, speed-change process has preferable
Flexibility and higher transmission accuracy；Intermediate reduction gear transmission mechanism can be primary gear speed reducing transmission or other biographies of slowing down
Dynamic structure, the intermediate reduction gear transmission mechanism can guarantee active friction disk 7 be transferred to the outer ring 14 of freewheel clutch revolving speed it is low
In the revolving speed of active friction disk 7；Goal of the invention to realize the present invention, the inner ring 15 of the freewheel clutch is in power output member
Output surmounts between outer ring 14 on direction of rotation；As shown, the intermediate reduction gear transmission mechanism includes slow shelves jackshaft, sets
It is placed in the first slow shelves gear and the second slow shelves gear that slow shelves jackshaft is driven cooperation with it, slow shelves jackshaft passes through radial rolling
Bearing is rotatably assorted in mission case；Outer gear ring transmission cooperation (drive mechanisms such as spline) with the active friction disk 7 is set
Have a slow shelves driving gear, the slow shelves driving gear and the first slow shelves gear engaged transmission cooperate, the second slow shelves gear with surmount
14 engaged transmission of outer ring of clutch；It is simple and compact for structure, realize the power transmitting of slow shelves.
It further include motor 13 and power input mechanism in the present embodiment, the power input mechanism includes power input master
Moving gear 11, the first power input driven gear 10, power input jackshaft 8 and the second power input driven gear 9, described dynamic
Power inputs driving gear 11 and is driven by rotor axis of electric, as shown, rotor axis of electric transmission cooperation is equipped with to be rotatably assorted and set
It is placed in the power input shaft 12 of cabinet, the first power input driven gear is engaged with power input driving gear, and first is dynamic
Power input driven gear and the input driven gear transmission of the second power are equipped with and input jackshaft in power, and power input is intermediate
Axis, which is rotatably assorted, is supported in cabinet 5；Power is input to active friction disk 7, this implementation by the second power input driven gear 9
In example, active friction disk 7 is equipped with the outer gear ring engaged with the second power input driven gear；The structure is conducive to form preliminary subtract
Speed, meanwhile, it is compact-sized, it is convenient for side hanging.
In the present embodiment, speed change elastic element, which applies driven friction disk 6, makes it be bonded the pre- of transmission with active friction disk 7
Clamp force；When 1 power output of transmission shaft, main transmission cam pair applies and speed change elastic element pretightning force driven friction disk 6
Opposite axial thrust load.
In the present embodiment, it is rotatably assorted and is coated at transmission shaft 1 at least provided with an intermediate cam set 21, the present embodiment one
It is a, it can also be multiple in the case where steric requirements has certainly；The intermediate cam covers 21 one end and driven friction disk 6 is logical
Excess convexity wheel set I transmission cooperation, the other end by cam pair II with driving sleeve 16 transmission with merge will slowly keep off power by surmount from
Clutch inner ring 15 is transferred to driven friction disk 6, and the cam pair I and cam pair II are edge cam pair；Slow shelves form transmission
When, elastic element is compressed using the axial thrust load of cam pair II, cam pair I, main transmission cam pair and forms locking, and is formed slow
Shelves transmission；In the present embodiment, inside spin cam and transmission that the main transmission cam pair is equipped with by 6 inner circle of driven friction disk
The inside spin cam that axis 1 is equipped with complements each other to form；The shaft part that the transmission shaft 1 extends cabinet is equipped with rotation section (transmission flower
Key)；As shown, 7 outer rim of active friction disk is equipped with the outer gear ring for input power；The main transmission cam pair by it is described from
The external spiral cam that the inside spin cam and transmission shaft 1 that 6 inner circle of dynamic friction disk is equipped with are equipped with complements each other to form, i.e., described driven
Frictional disk 6 is coated at transmission shaft 1 and inner circle is equipped with inside spin cam 6a, and transmission shaft 1 is outer equipped with what is matched with inside spin cam
Spiral prominence wheel set is collectively formed in spiral cam 1a；Spiral prominence wheel set is mutually matched helicitic texture, both for helicla flute,
And embedded ball 22 forms meshing transmission structure；When driven friction disk 6 rotates, axis is generated to transmission shaft 1 by spiral prominence wheel set
To with two component of circumferencial direction, the wherein rotation of circumferencial direction component driving transmission shaft 1 and output power, axial thrust load is transmitted
The mounting structure of axis 1 is offset, and reaction force acts are in driven friction disk 6 and are applied to speed change elastic element；In axial thrust load
Elastic element is formed when reaching setting numerical value and is compressed, so that driven friction disk 6 and active friction disk 7 separate, forms speed change
Condition belongs to the structure of the prior art, and details are not described herein；Certainly, spiral prominence wheel set is the preferred structure of the present embodiment, can also
It is driven using existing other cam pairs, such as edge cam etc., but spiral prominence wheel set can make this structure more compact, system
Make, install and repair more convenient, and helical structure stable drive, uniform force, have unrivaled stability and
Smoothness further increases working efficiency, has better energy conservation and consumption reduction effects, and biggish control vehicle discharge is more suitable for
The roadsters such as light two wheeler use；As shown, the shaft part transmission cooperation that the transmission shaft 1 extends cabinet is equipped with and uses
In the driving member cooperated with hub drive, as shown, the driving member is the transmission dish structure for connecting with wheel hub.
It further include Support roller assembly in the present embodiment, the supporting roller assembly includes at least and is parallel to freewheel clutch axis
Line and with the spaced backing roll of rolling element, the backing roll outer circle contacts with adjacent rolling element outer circle, the backing roll
It is arranged in the mode that the circumferencial direction in freewheel clutch is movable；Independently of the supporting roller structure of outer ring 14 and inner ring 15, and
Cancel the elastic element and limit base of the prior art for keeping the spacing between rolling element using servo-actuated structure, avoid
Limit base is directly processed on outer ring 14 or inner ring 15, simplifies process, improves working efficiency, reduces processing cost, guarantees to add
Work and assembly precision, prolong the service life and guarantee be driven effect, and associated components damage after it is readily replaceable, reduce maintenance and
Use cost；It, can theory unlimited extension overdrive clutch due to not using individual elastic element using 4 structure of backing roll
The axial length of device and rolling element increases length of action, that is to say, that can need to increase the axis of freewheel clutch according to load-bearing
To length, to increase the bearing capacity of freewheel clutch, and reduce compared with the freewheel clutch radial ruler under high bearing capacity
It is very little, extend the service life of freewheel clutch；Simultaneously as backing roll is directly contacted with rolling element, especially with roller knot
When structure, the point contact to roller for eliminating the prior art applies unbalanced possibility caused by pretightning force, guarantees in longer axis
To the limit balance of rolling element 31, making it under the premise of size without departing from parallel with 15 axis of inner ring, to guarantee super
The more stable operation of clutch, avoids mechanical breakdown；Using support roll structure, rolling element generally uses roller structure；
The supporting roller assembly further includes supporting roller support, and the backing roll along freewheel clutch circumferencial direction can slide
The inner wall of ring-shaped depression radial outside of outer ring 14 and interior is supported in by supporting roller support with the mode around own axis
It encloses between 15 outer circles；This structure guarantees rotation or the free sliding degree of backing roll, to be further ensured that the servo-actuated of backing roll
Property so that forming rolling friction when freewheel clutch is run between rolling element and backing roll, reduce power consumption, and to surmount from
The stability of clutch is preferable；
In the present embodiment, the supporting roller support includes the pushing out ring I 24 and pushing out ring II 28 corresponding to the setting of backing roll both ends,
The pushing out ring I 24 and pushing out ring II 28 be respectively provided with for backing roll both ends penetrate along II 28 circumference side of pushing out ring I 24 and pushing out ring
To annular groove (the annular groove 24a on pushing out ring I 24 is indicated in figure, on the annular groove 28a on pushing out ring II 28 and pushing out ring I 24
Ring channel structures it is similar and inside), 23 both ends of backing roll are slidably matched with corresponding annular groove, i.e. the one of backing roll
End penetrates the annular groove 24a on pushing out ring I 24, and the other end penetrates the annular groove on pushing out ring II 28；Using the mounting structure of annular groove,
Structure is simple, and assembly is easy, further such that the structure of freewheel clutch simplifies, reduces cost；It further include being located at outside pushing out ring I 24
The rolling bearing I 26 of side being supported between outer ring 14 and inner ring 15 and outer ring 14 and interior is supported in positioned at the outside of pushing out ring II 28
Rolling bearing II 29 between circle 15；Stable support is formed, bite, the annular groove slot bottom and pushing out ring of the pushing out ring I 24 are avoided
II 28 annular groove slot bottom is equipped with axially extending bore, for that can be introduced by the axially extending bore and lubrication is discharged by lubricating oil
Oil realizes preferable lubrication and cleaning, to guarantee the operating of freewheel clutch.
It further include the baffle ring II positioned at the baffle ring I 25 in I 24 outside of pushing out ring and positioned at II 28 outside of pushing out ring in the present embodiment
30, the baffle ring I 25 and baffle ring II 30 are respectively formed the interior heavy platform structure for being placed on outer ring, are formed and are supported to stablizing for outer ring, guaranteed
The stable operation of freewheel clutch itself；As shown, baffle ring I 25 and baffle ring II 30 pass through corresponding roller bearings respectively
In 16 outer circle of driving sleeve, as shown, baffle ring I 25 passes through rolling bearing II 29 by rolling bearing I 26 and baffle ring II 30
It is installed on driving sleeve 16, so that forming stable relative motion between freewheel clutch inner ring and outer ring, reduces friction and card
Puckery generation.
In the present embodiment, the distribution of the axially extending bore 24b of the annular groove 24a slot bottom of the pushing out ring I 24 and backing roll 23 and
Rolling element 31 is corresponding；It being capable of preferable relatively straightforward offer lubrication.
In the present embodiment, the diameter of the backing roll 23 is less than the one third of the diameter of rolling element 31, and rolling element is rolling
Column.
In the present embodiment, the support frame 4 for being provided with tubular structure is fixedly connected with active friction disk 7, the support frame is separate
One end of active friction disk 7, which is rotatably assorted, is supported in gearbox body, and the speed change elastic element 3 is located at support frame and transmission shaft 1
Between space and be coated at support shaft；As shown, in support shaft by it is left-to-right be equipped with freewheel clutch outer ring 14,
Intermediate cam set 21, driven friction disk 6 and speed change elastic element 3 (the present embodiment uses speed change disc spring), the support of tubular structure
Frame 4 forms stable support to active friction disk 7, guarantees transmission accuracy, meanwhile, speed change elastic element is located at support frame in transmission
Space between axis 1 and it is coated at support shaft, it is compact-sized.
Above embodiments are optimum structure of the invention, are not limiting the scope of the present invention；In connection side
The scheme adjusted in formula, the realization without influencing this hair goal of the invention.
The fast gear power transmission line of the present embodiment:
Power → 7 → driven friction disk of active friction disk, 6 → driven friction disk 6 inside spin cam → transmission shaft 1 is outer
1 output power of spiral cam → transmission shaft；
Freewheel clutch surmounts at this time, and resistance transfer route: the external spiral cam of 1 → transmission shaft of transmission shaft 1 → driven
Inside spin cam → driven friction disk 6 of frictional disk 6 → compression speed change butterfly spring；Transmission shaft 1 passes through the external spiral cam of transmission shaft 1
Inside spin cam and driven friction disk 6 to driven friction disk 6 apply axial force and compress speed change butterfly spring, when running resistance increases
To a timing, which separate active friction disk 7 and driven friction disk 6, and power is passed by following routes
It passs, i.e., keeps off power transmission line slowly:
Power → active friction disk 7 → gear driving gear → the first keeps off gear slowly slowly → slow gear tooth of gear jackshaft → the second slowly
Wheel → freewheel clutch outer ring 14 → freewheel clutch inner ring 15 → spiral prominence wheel set I 32 → driving sleeve, 16 → intermediate cam
Inside spin cam → transmission shaft 1 external spiral cam → the transmission shaft 1 for covering 21 → driven friction disk, 6 → driven friction disk 6 exports
Power.
Slow gear power transmission line also passes through following route: spiral prominence wheel set I → driving sleeve, 16 → intermediate cam simultaneously
21 → driven friction disk 6 → compression speed change butterfly spring is covered, prevents from keeping off appearance compression speed change butterfly spring reciprocating compression in transmission process slowly, from
And active friction disk 7 and driven friction disk 6 are bonded when slow shelves being prevented to be driven.
There is above-mentioned transfer route to can be seen that the present invention at runtime, active friction disk 7 and driven friction disk 6 are in speed change
It is fitted closely under butterfly spring effect, forms the automatic transmission of a holding certain pressure, and can be by increasing variable-speed shaft
The axial width of set adjusts pressure needed for clutch engagement, reaches transmission purpose, at this point, power drive active friction disk 7, from
Dynamic friction disk 6, transmission shaft 1 rotate 1 output power of transmission shaft counterclockwise；It keeps off freewheel clutch slowly at this time and is in and surmount state.
Resistance is greater than driving force when motor vehicle starting, and resistance forces transmission shaft 1 to rotate clockwise certain angle, in transmission shaft
Under the action of 1 external spiral cam 1a, driven friction disk 6 compresses speed change butterfly spring；Driven friction disk 6 and active friction disk 7 separate,
Synchronous, slow to keep off freewheel clutch engagement, power drives active friction disk 7, first gear gear 19, slow gear jackshaft 17, second slowly
Slow gear gear 18, the outer ring 14 of freewheel clutch, inner ring 15, driving sleeve 16, intermediate cam set 21, driven friction disk 6 and biography
Moving axis 1 makes 1 output power of transmission shaft to keep off speed rotation slowly；Therefore, bottom gear starting is realized automatically, when shortening starting
Between, reduce starting power.At the same time, speed change butterfly spring absorbs resistance of motion square energy, stores to restore fast gear gear transmitting power
Standby potential energy.
After starting successfully, running resistance is reduced, when pressure caused by component is reduced to less than speed change butterfly spring, because being transported
Dynamic resistance is compressed and generates speed change butterfly spring pressure and discharge rapidly under promotion, completes driven friction disk 6 and active friction disk 7 restores tight
Closely connected conjunction state, slow gear freewheel clutch, which is in, surmounts state.
In driving process, as the variation self shifter principle of the resistance of motion is same as above, in the feelings for not needing cutting driving force
Variable block is realized under condition, keeps entire locomotive operation steady, safe and low consumption, and also transfer route is simplified, and transmission efficiency is improved.
Finally, it is stated that the above examples are only used to illustrate the technical scheme of the present invention and are not limiting, although referring to compared with
Good embodiment describes the invention in detail, those skilled in the art should understand that, it can be to skill of the invention
Art scheme is modified or replaced equivalently, and without departing from the spirit and scope of the technical solution of the present invention, should all be covered at this
In the scope of the claims of invention.
Claims (9)
1. a kind of spiral waveform frictional drive self-adapting automatic gear shift drive assembly of battery-operated motor cycle, it is characterised in that: packet
The transmission shaft for including cabinet and cooperating and output power with body pivot further includes slow gear transmission mechanism and is arranged on transmission shaft
Mechanical intelligent adaptive rate assembly；
Mechanical intelligent adaptive rate assembly includes driven friction disk, active friction disk and speed change elastic element；
Active friction disk and driven friction disk form the disk-type friction transmission that transmitting is kept off fastly in such a way that rubbing surface is mutually matched,
Between the rubbing surface of active friction disk and the rubbing surface of driven friction disk radially using annular protrusion insertion radially arranged side by side
The mode of annular groove arranged side by side forms the disk-type friction transmission that transmitting is kept off fastly and annular protrusion and annular groove make active friction disk
Rubbing surface and driven friction disk rubbing surface radial section be waveform；Speed change elastic element application make driven friction disk with
The pretightning force of active friction disk fitting transmission；The driven friction disk is coated at transmission shaft and passes through main transmission cam with transmission shaft
Auxiliary driving cooperation；The slow gear transmission mechanism includes freewheel clutch and intermediate reduction gear transmission mechanism, the freewheel clutch packet
Outer ring, inner ring and rolling element are included, is formed and is used for through rolling element engagement or isolated engagement space between the outer ring and inner ring,
The inner circle that the inner ring is coated at a driving sleeve and inner ring is equipped with the spiral cam for cooperating with driving sleeve；The active
Power is input to freewheel clutch outer ring by intermediate reduction gear mechanism by frictional disk；
The main transmission cam pair is convex by the inside spin being equipped with the integrally formed driven disc axle sleeve inner circle of the driven friction disk
The external spiral cam that wheel and transmission shaft are equipped with complements each other to form, and the active friction disk is coated in an axially sliding manner
Driven disc axle sleeve forms disk-type friction transmission.
2. the spiral waveform frictional drive self-adapting automatic gear shift driving of battery-operated motor cycle according to claim 1 is total
At, it is characterised in that: further include motor and power input mechanism, the power input mechanism include power input driving gear,
First power inputs driven gear, power input jackshaft and the second power and inputs driven gear, and the power inputs driving tooth
Wheel is driven by rotor axis of electric, and the first power input driven gear is engaged with power input driving gear, the first power
Input driven gear and the input driven gear transmission of the second power are equipped with and input jackshaft in power, and power inputs jackshaft
It is rotatably assorted and is supported in cabinet；Power is input to active friction disk by the second power input driven gear.
3. the spiral waveform frictional drive self-adapting automatic gear shift driving of battery-operated motor cycle according to claim 1 is total
At, it is characterised in that: speed change elastic element, which applies driven friction disk, makes driven friction disk be bonded transmission with active friction disk
Pretightning force；When the transmission shaft power output, main transmission cam pair applies the preload with speed change elastic element to driven friction disk
The opposite axial thrust load of power.
4. the spiral waveform frictional drive self-adapting automatic gear shift driving of battery-operated motor cycle according to claim 3 is total
At, it is characterised in that: it further include at least one the intermediate cam set being coated on transmission shaft that is rotatably assorted, the intermediate cam set
One end and driven friction disk are cooperated by I transmission of cam pair, the other end be driven by cam pair II with driving sleeve match merge by
Slow gear power is transferred to driven friction disk by freewheel clutch inner ring.
5. the spiral waveform frictional drive self-adapting automatic gear shift driving of battery-operated motor cycle according to claim 4 is total
At, it is characterised in that: the freewheel clutch further includes Support roller assembly, and the Support roller assembly, which includes at least to be parallel to, to be surmounted
Clutch axis and with the spaced support roller of rolling element, the support roller outer circle contacts with adjacent rolling element outer circle, institute
Support roller is stated to be arranged in the movable mode of the circumferencial direction in freewheel clutch.
6. the spiral waveform frictional drive self-adapting automatic gear shift driving of battery-operated motor cycle according to claim 5 is total
It is edge cam pair at, it is characterised in that: cam pair I and cam pair II.
7. the spiral waveform frictional drive self-adapting automatic gear shift driving of battery-operated motor cycle according to claim 6 is total
It further include support roller support at, it is characterised in that: the Support roller assembly, the support roller is with can be along freewheel clutch circumference side
It is supported between outer ring inner circle and inner ring outer circle to sliding and around the mode of own axis by support roller support.
8. the spiral waveform frictional drive self-adapting automatic gear shift driving of battery-operated motor cycle according to claim 7 is total
At, it is characterised in that: the support roller support includes the pushing out ring I and pushing out ring II corresponding to the setting of support roller both ends, the pushing out ring I
The annular groove along II circumferencial direction of pushing out ring I and pushing out ring penetrated for support roller both ends, the branch are respectively provided with pushing out ring II
Support roller both ends are slidably matched with corresponding annular groove；The support roller support further includes being supported in outer ring positioned at I outside of pushing out ring
Rolling bearing I between inner ring and the rolling bearing II being supported between outer ring and inner ring positioned at II outside of pushing out ring；It is described
The annular groove slot bottom of pushing out ring I and the annular groove slot bottom of pushing out ring II are equipped with axially extending bore.
9. the spiral waveform frictional drive self-adapting automatic gear shift driving of battery-operated motor cycle according to claim 1 is total
At, it is characterised in that: it further include the support frame for the tubular structure being fixedly connected with active friction disk, which rubs far from active
The one end for wiping disk is rotatably assorted and is supported in cabinet, space of the speed change elastic element positioned at support frame and transmission shaft between and outside
It is placed on transmission shaft.
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| CN201510604495.3A CN105151217B (en) | 2015-09-21 | 2015-09-21 | The spiral waveform frictional drive self-adapting automatic gear shift drive assembly of battery-operated motor cycle |
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| CN201510604495.3A CN105151217B (en) | 2015-09-21 | 2015-09-21 | The spiral waveform frictional drive self-adapting automatic gear shift drive assembly of battery-operated motor cycle |
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| CN105151217B true CN105151217B (en) | 2019-01-01 |
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| DE102017100537A1 (en) * | 2016-09-21 | 2018-03-22 | Knorr-Bremse Systeme für Nutzfahrzeuge GmbH | Method for producing a housing of a screw compressor |
| CN111075892B (en) * | 2019-12-04 | 2022-10-11 | 西南大学 | Intelligent self-adaptive automatic transmission |
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| CN101398040A (en) * | 2007-09-27 | 2009-04-01 | 卢克摩擦片和离合器两合公司 | Friction clutch with globular frictional contact pairing part |
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| CN102748450A (en) * | 2012-07-02 | 2012-10-24 | 西南大学 | Mechanical intelligent adaptive two-gear multi-cam automatic speed change driver |
| WO2014046635A1 (en) * | 2012-09-21 | 2014-03-27 | Sari Mustafa | Locking mechanism on alternator pulley |
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| JPS61285128A (en) * | 1985-06-13 | 1986-12-15 | Fuji Heavy Ind Ltd | Device for preventing car from backing |
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|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN101398040A (en) * | 2007-09-27 | 2009-04-01 | 卢克摩擦片和离合器两合公司 | Friction clutch with globular frictional contact pairing part |
| CN201557402U (en) * | 2009-05-19 | 2010-08-25 | 宁波大叶园林设备有限公司 | Rear drive decelerating clutch sine wave type clutch block of lawn-mower |
| CN102748450A (en) * | 2012-07-02 | 2012-10-24 | 西南大学 | Mechanical intelligent adaptive two-gear multi-cam automatic speed change driver |
| WO2014046635A1 (en) * | 2012-09-21 | 2014-03-27 | Sari Mustafa | Locking mechanism on alternator pulley |
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