CN105114584B - Arcuate friction for electric vehicle is driven self-adapting automatic gear shift device - Google Patents
Arcuate friction for electric vehicle is driven self-adapting automatic gear shift device Download PDFInfo
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- CN105114584B CN105114584B CN201510602959.7A CN201510602959A CN105114584B CN 105114584 B CN105114584 B CN 105114584B CN 201510602959 A CN201510602959 A CN 201510602959A CN 105114584 B CN105114584 B CN 105114584B
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16H—GEARING
- F16H37/00—Combinations of mechanical gearings, not provided for in groups F16H1/00 - F16H35/00
- F16H37/12—Gearings comprising primarily toothed or friction gearing, links or levers, and cams, or members of at least two of these types
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Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of arcuate frictions for electric vehicle to be driven self-adapting automatic gear shift device, including cabinet, transmission shaft, slow gear transmission mechanism and mechanical intelligent adaptive rate assembly, the rubbing surface of the active friction disk of mechanical intelligent adaptive rate assembly and the rubbing surface of driven friction disk use arcuate friction surface wearing drive pair, and transmission shaft one end stretches out cabinet and outputs power to automobile axle by output speed reducer structure；The present invention forms the structure that separation combines using frictional disk, has the advantages that be quick on the draw, and axial dimension is smaller；Meanwhile the structure mutually chimeric using the radial section arc of rubbing surface, the engagement in Decentralized Friction face, not only it is conducive to guarantee the concentricity of active friction disk and driven friction disk, is additionally favorable for increasing rubbing surface, guarantees to keep good transmission under the conditions of limited elastic force；It is additionally favorable for guaranteeing sensitive, the raising transmission accuracy, suitable for electric car field of separation, engagement.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of vehicle transmission, in particular to a kind of arcuate friction transmission for electric vehicle is adaptive certainly
Dynamic speed changer.
Background technique
In the prior art, automobile, motorcycle, electric bicycle are essentially all direct by speed adjusting lever or accelerator pedal
Air throttle or current control speed are controlled, or speed change is realized using hand-control mechanical automatic automatic transmission mode.Handle or acceleration are stepped on
The operation of plate depends entirely on the operation of driver, usually will cause operation and garage's situation mismatches, cause motor or hair
, there is blocking phenomenon in motivation fluctuation of service.
Motor vehicle, in the case where being unaware of running resistance, is filled by rider according only to the speed change of experiential operating control
It sets, inevitably has the following problems：1. in starting, upward slope and heavy load, due to running resistance increase, force motor or engine
Revolving speed decline works in inefficient area.2. can only be promoted in plains region due to there is no mechanical transmission adjustment torque and speed
It uses, is not able to satisfy under mountain area, hills and heavy load conditions and uses, reduce use scope；3. installation space is small at driving wheel,
It is difficult to accommodate automatic transmission and other new technologies again after being mounted with engine or motor；4. not having adaptive function, no
The operating mistake of driver can be detected, corrects and excluded automatically；5. necessarily causing motor or engine when speed variation is unexpected
Power is difficult to match with running resistance.6. continuing apart from short, climbing capacity is poor, adaptation range is small.
In order to solve problem above, present inventor has invented a series of cam self-adapting automatic gear shifting device, benefit
Cam is driven with running resistance, achievees the purpose that self shifter and according to running resistance Adaptive matching speed output torque, tool
There is preferable application effect；Although cam self-adapting automatic gear shifting device above-mentioned has the above advantages, stability and high efficiency compared with
The prior art improves a lot, but parts thereof structure is complex, and speed changer volume is larger, long-term operation components
Deformation is obvious, and unstable support causes running noises larger, influences running comfort and influences transmission efficiency, thus energy consumption
It is higher；Also, the engagement of speed shelves, separating mechanism axial engagement face stroke are long, and Detaching and Lapping is not thorough enough, are unfavorable for improving transmission
Precision, long period will affect whole geometric tolerance after, to influence the stability of transmission.
Therefore, it is necessary to one kind to improve above-mentioned cam self-adapting automatic gear shifting device, is not only able to adaptively accompany
It sails and carries out shift speed change in the case that driving force is not cut off in resistance variation automatically, solution torque-rotation speed change is small not to be able to satisfy again
Under the conditions of miscellaneous the problem of road occupation；Long-term operation still guarantees to stablize support, reduces running noises, guarantee running comfort
And transmission efficiency is improved, to reduce energy consumption；Change the status of the engagement of speed shelves, separating mechanism axial engagement face stroke length, point
It is quick and thorough from engaging, it is conducive to improve transmission accuracy, can still guarantees whole geometric tolerance after long period use, to guarantee
The stability of transmission.
Summary of the invention
In view of this, the object of the present invention is to provide a kind of the adaptive automatic of arcuate friction transmission for electric car
Speed changer is not only able to carry out shift speed change automatically in the case where adaptively not cutting off driving force with running resistance variation, solve
Torque-rotation speed change small the problem of not being able to satisfy complex condition road occupation；Long-term operation, which still guarantees to stablize, to be supported,
Running noises are reduced, guarantee running comfort and improve transmission efficiency, to reduce energy consumption；Change the engagement of speed shelves, seperator
The long status of structure axial engagement face stroke, Detaching and Lapping is quick and thorough, is conducive to improve transmission accuracy, after long period use still
It can guarantee whole geometric tolerance, to guarantee the stability of transmission.
Arcuate friction for electric vehicle of the invention is driven self-adapting automatic gear shift device, including cabinet and matches with body pivot
The adaptive strain of mechanical intelligent that the transmission shaft for closing and outputing power further includes slow gear transmission mechanism and is arranged on transmission shaft
Fast assembly；
Mechanical intelligent adaptive rate assembly includes driven friction disk, active friction disk and speed change elastic element；
Active friction disk and driven friction disk form the disk-type friction biography for transmitting fast shelves in such a way that rubbing surface is mutually matched
It is dynamic secondary, in the rubbing surface of active friction disk and the rubbing surface of driven friction disk, wherein the radial section of a rubbing surface is arc-shaped
Outer male structure, the radial section of another rubbing surface is arc-shaped concave inward structure, between the outer male structure of arc and arc concave shape structure
The disk-type friction transmission for transmitting fast shelves is formed in the way of mutually embedding；The application of speed change elastic element makes driven friction disk rub with active
Wipe the pretightning force of disk fitting transmission；The driven friction disk is coated at transmission shaft and is matched with it by main transmission cam auxiliary driving
It closes；
Described transmission shaft one end stretches out cabinet and outputs power to automobile axle by output speed reducer structure.
Further, the slow gear transmission mechanism includes freewheel clutch and intermediate reduction gear transmission mechanism, the overdrive clutch
Device includes outer ring, inner ring and rolling element, is formed between the outer ring and inner ring for by rolling element engagement or isolated engagement
Space, the inner circle that the inner ring is coated at a driving sleeve and inner ring are equipped with the spiral cam for cooperating with driving sleeve；Institute
It states active friction disk and power is input to by freewheel clutch outer ring by intermediate reduction gear mechanism；
Further, the output speed reducer structure include output driving gear, first output driven gear, output jackshaft and
Second output driven gear, the output driving gear transmission are equipped in transmission shaft and engage with the first output driven gear
Transmission, the first output driven gear and the second output driven gear are set to output jackshaft and linkage, described second export from
Moving gear outputs power to differential mechanism；
Further, it is rotatably assorted and is coated at transmission shaft at least provided with an intermediate cam set, the intermediate cam covers one end
Cooperated with driven friction disk by secondary I transmission of cam, the other end is matched with driving sleeve transmission by cam pair II and merges and will keep off slowly
Power is transferred to driven friction disk by freewheel clutch inner ring；
Further, the freewheel clutch further includes Support roller assembly, and the supporting roller assembly is super including at least being parallel to
More clutch axis and with the spaced backing roll of rolling element, the backing roll outer circle contacts with adjacent rolling element outer circle,
The backing roll is arranged in the movable mode of the circumferencial direction in freewheel clutch；
Further, the cam pair I and cam pair II are edge cam pair；
Further, the supporting roller assembly further includes supporting roller support, and the support roller is with can be along freewheel clutch circumference
It slides and is supported between outer ring inner circle and inner ring outer circle around the mode of own axis by supporting roller support in direction；
Further, the supporting roller support includes the pushing out ring I and pushing out ring II corresponding to the setting of backing roll both ends, the pushing out ring
I and pushing out ring II be respectively provided with the annular groove along II circumferencial direction of pushing out ring I and pushing out ring penetrated for backing roll both ends, the branch
Runner both ends are slidably matched with corresponding annular groove；It further include the rolling being supported between outer ring and inner ring positioned at I outside of pushing out ring
Dynamic bearing I and the rolling bearing II being supported between outer ring and inner ring on the outside of pushing out ring II；The annular groove slot of the pushing out ring I
The annular groove slot bottom of bottom and pushing out ring II is equipped with axially extending bore；
Further, the main transmission cam pair is equipped with by the integrally formed driven disc axle sleeve inner circle of the driven friction disk
The external spiral cam that inside spin cam and transmission shaft are equipped with complements each other to form, and the active friction disk is with axially slidable side
Formula is coated at driven disc axle sleeve and forms disk-type friction transmission；
Further, the support frame for being provided with tubular structure is fixedly connected with active friction disk, which rubs far from active
The one end for wiping disk, which is rotatably assorted, is supported in gearbox body, space of the speed change elastic element between support frame and transmission shaft
And it is coated at support shaft.
The beneficial effects of the invention are as follows：Arcuate friction for electric vehicle of the invention is driven self-adapting automatic gear shift device, tool
Have all advantages of existing cam self-adapting automatic gear shifting device, as can according to running resistance detect driving torque-revolving speed and
Running resistance-speed signal makes motor or engine output and traveling state of vehicle be in best match state always,
It realizes that vehicle traction torque and the balance of comprehensive running resistance control, is adaptively hindered with traveling in the case where not cutting off driving force
Power variation is automatic to carry out shift speed change；It can satisfy and used under mountain area, hills and heavy load conditions, make motor or engine load
Variation is gentle, and motor vehicles run smoothly, and improves safety；
Meanwhile the structure that separation combines is formed using frictional disk, have the advantages that be quick on the draw, and axial dimension is smaller；
Meanwhile the structure mutually chimeric using the radial section concave-convex of rubbing surface guarantees friction under the conditions of limited radial dimension
The engagement in face is not only conducive to guarantee the concentricity of active friction disk and driven friction disk, is additionally favorable for increasing rubbing surface, guarantees having
Good transmission is kept under the conditions of the elastic force of limit；Be additionally favorable for guarantee separation, engagement it is sensitive, improve transmission accuracy, be suitable for
Electric car field.
Detailed description of the invention
The invention will be further described with reference to the accompanying drawings and examples.
Fig. 1 is axial section structural schematic diagram of the invention；
Fig. 2 is overrun clutch structure schematic diagram；
Fig. 3 is freewheel clutch axial sectional view.
Specific embodiment
Fig. 1 be axial section structural schematic diagram of the invention, Fig. 2 be overrun clutch structure schematic diagram, Fig. 3 be surmount from
Clutch axial sectional view, as shown in the figure：Arcuate friction for electric vehicle of the invention is driven self-adapting automatic gear shift device, including case
Body and the transmission shaft 1 for cooperating and outputing power with body pivot；It further include keeping off transmission mechanism slowly and being arranged on transmission shaft 1
Mechanical intelligent adaptive rate assembly；
Mechanical intelligent adaptive rate assembly includes driven friction disk 6, active friction disk 7 and speed change elastic element；
Active friction disk 7 and driven friction disk 6 form the disk-type friction for transmitting fast shelves in such a way that rubbing surface is mutually matched
Transmission, in the rubbing surface of active friction disk 7 and the rubbing surface of driven friction disk 6, wherein the radial section of a rubbing surface is circle
The outer male structure of arc, the radial section of another rubbing surface are arc-shaped concave inward structure, the outer male structure of arc and arc concave shape structure
Between the disk-type friction transmission for transmitting fast shelves is formed in the way of mutually embedding；In the present invention, the diameter of the rubbing surface of active friction disk 7
It is the arc-shaped of indent to section, the radial section of the rubbing surface of driven friction disk 6 is the arc-shaped of evagination, evagination when use
It is arc-shaped to form embedded structure relatively with the arc-shaped of indent, achieve the effect that engagement friction and separation, certainly, the circle of evagination
Arc and the circular arc of indent are both formed in half path portion of rubbing surface, are easily formed the transmission of good concentricity；Speed change elastic element
Apply the pretightning force for making driven friction disk be bonded transmission with active friction disk；The driven friction disk be coated at transmission shaft and and its
Cooperated by main transmission cam auxiliary driving；Described transmission shaft one end stretches out cabinet and outputs power to vapour by output speed reducer structure
Vehicle rear axle；
The active friction disk 7 receives the power that driving motor transmits, as shown, also for receiving driving power
Including power input gear 9, and power input shaft 8 is set to by power input gear 9 and power is input to active friction disk
7, in the present embodiment, active friction disk 7 is equipped with the outer gear ring engaged with power input gear；The structure is conducive to form preliminary subtract
Speed, meanwhile, it is compact-sized.
In the present embodiment, the output speed reducer structure includes that output driving gear 2, first exports driven gear 13, output
Jackshaft 10 and the second output driven gear 11, the output driving gear 2 be driven be equipped in transmission shaft 1 and with it is first defeated
13 engaged transmission of driven gear out, the first output driven gear 13 and the second output driven gear 11 are set to output jackshaft 10
And link, the second output driven gear 11 outputs power to differential mechanism 12.
In the present embodiment, the slow gear transmission mechanism includes freewheel clutch and intermediate reduction gear transmission mechanism, described to surmount
Clutch includes outer ring 14, inner ring 15 and rolling element, is formed between the outer ring 14 and inner ring 15 for being engaged by rolling element
Or isolated engagement space, the rolling element of freewheel clutch and the structure in engagement space belong to the prior art, details are not described herein；
The inner circle that the inner ring 15 is coated at a driving sleeve 16 and inner ring 15 is equipped with the spiral cam for cooperating with driving sleeve 16,
Cooperated i.e. between 15 inner circle of inner ring and driving sleeve 16 by spiral prominence wheel set I, as shown, 15 inner circle of inner ring forms inside spin
Cam path I, 16 outer circle of driving sleeve form external spiral cam path I, and inside spin cam path I and external spiral cam path I pass through ball
Complement each other to form spiral prominence wheel set I；Power is input to freewheel clutch by intermediate reduction gear mechanism by the active friction disk 7
Outer ring 14；Freewheel clutch inner ring 15 uses the export structure of spiral cam, and is set on driving sleeve 16, and it is convex to reduce end face
The use of wheel, and spiral cam has preferable flexibility, it is more sensitive to resistance response；So that freewheel clutch itself is
Formation has a possibility that more cam drives, simple and compact for Adaptive Mechanical speed changer structure, reduces the axis of speed changer
To size, speed-change process has preferable flexibility and higher transmission accuracy；
Intermediate reduction gear transmission mechanism can be primary gear speed reducing transmission or other reducing transmission structures, the intermediate reduction gear
Transmission mechanism can guarantee that active friction disk 7 is transferred to turn of the revolving speed lower than active friction disk 7 of the outer ring 14 of freewheel clutch
Speed；Goal of the invention to realize the present invention, the inner ring 15 of the freewheel clutch on power output member output direction of rotation with
Surmount between outer ring 14；As shown, the intermediate reduction gear transmission mechanism include slow shelves jackshaft, be set to slow shelves jackshaft with
Its first slow shelves gear and the second slow shelves gear for being driven cooperation, slow shelves jackshaft are rotatably assorted by annular bearing with rolling contact in change
Fast device cabinet；Outer gear ring transmission cooperation (drive mechanisms such as spline) with the active friction disk 7 is equipped with slow shelves driving gear, institute
It states slow shelves driving gear and the first slow shelves gear engaged transmission cooperates, the second slow shelves gear is engaged with the outer ring 14 of freewheel clutch
Transmission；It is simple and compact for structure, realize the power transmitting of slow shelves.
In the present embodiment, speed change elastic element, which applies driven friction disk 6, makes it be bonded the pre- of transmission with active friction disk 7
Clamp force；When 1 power output of transmission shaft, main transmission cam pair applies and speed change elastic element pretightning force driven friction disk 6
Opposite axial thrust load.
In the present embodiment, it is rotatably assorted and is coated at transmission shaft 1 at least provided with an intermediate cam set 21, the present embodiment one
It is a, it can also be multiple in the case where steric requirements has certainly；The intermediate cam covers 21 one end and driven friction disk 6 is logical
Excess convexity wheel set I transmission cooperation, the other end by cam pair II with driving sleeve 16 transmission with merge will slowly keep off power by surmount from
Clutch inner ring 15 is transferred to driven friction disk 6, and the cam pair I and cam pair II are edge cam pair；Slow shelves form transmission
When, elastic element is compressed using the axial thrust load of cam pair II, cam pair I, main transmission cam pair and forms locking, and is formed slow
Shelves transmission；In the present embodiment, inside spin cam and transmission that the main transmission cam pair is equipped with by 6 inner circle of driven friction disk
The inside spin cam that axis 1 is equipped with complements each other to form；The shaft part that the transmission shaft 1 extends cabinet is equipped with rotation section (transmission flower
Key)；As shown, 7 outer rim of active friction disk is equipped with the outer gear ring for input power；The main transmission cam pair by it is described from
The external spiral cam that the inside spin cam and transmission shaft 1 that 6 inner circle of dynamic friction disk is equipped with are equipped with complements each other to form, i.e., described driven
Frictional disk 6 is coated at transmission shaft 1 and inner circle is equipped with inside spin cam 6a, and transmission shaft 1 is outer equipped with what is matched with inside spin cam
Spiral prominence wheel set is collectively formed in spiral cam 1a；Spiral prominence wheel set is mutually matched helicitic texture, both for helicla flute,
And embedded ball 22 forms meshing transmission structure；When driven friction disk 6 rotates, axis is generated to transmission shaft 1 by spiral prominence wheel set
To with two component of circumferencial direction, the wherein rotation of circumferencial direction component driving transmission shaft 1 and output power, axial thrust load is transmitted
The mounting structure of axis 1 is offset, and reaction force acts are in driven friction disk 6 and are applied to speed change elastic element；In axial thrust load
Elastic element is formed when reaching setting numerical value and is compressed, so that driven friction disk 6 and active friction disk 7 separate, forms speed change
Condition belongs to the structure of the prior art, and details are not described herein；Certainly, spiral prominence wheel set is the preferred structure of the present embodiment, can also
It is driven using existing other cam pairs, such as edge cam etc., but spiral prominence wheel set can make this structure more compact, system
Make, install and repair more convenient, and helical structure stable drive, uniform force, have unrivaled stability and
Smoothness further increases working efficiency, has better energy conservation and consumption reduction effects, and biggish control vehicle discharge is more suitable for
The vehicles such as light electric car use.
It further include Support roller assembly in the present embodiment, the supporting roller assembly includes at least and is parallel to freewheel clutch axis
Line and with the spaced backing roll of rolling element, the backing roll outer circle contacts with adjacent rolling element outer circle, the backing roll
It is arranged in the mode that the circumferencial direction in freewheel clutch is movable；Independently of the supporting roller structure of outer ring 14 and inner ring 15, and
Cancel the elastic element and limit base of the prior art for keeping the spacing between rolling element using servo-actuated structure, avoid
Limit base is directly processed on outer ring 14 or inner ring 15, simplifies process, improves working efficiency, reduces processing cost, guarantees to add
Work and assembly precision, prolong the service life and guarantee be driven effect, and associated components damage after it is readily replaceable, reduce maintenance and
Use cost；It, can theory unlimited extension overdrive clutch due to not using individual elastic element using 4 structure of backing roll
The axial length of device and rolling element increases length of action, that is to say, that can need to increase the axis of freewheel clutch according to load-bearing
To length, to increase the bearing capacity of freewheel clutch, and reduce compared with the freewheel clutch radial ruler under high bearing capacity
It is very little, extend the service life of freewheel clutch；Simultaneously as backing roll is directly contacted with rolling element, especially with roller knot
When structure, the point contact to roller for eliminating the prior art applies unbalanced possibility caused by pretightning force, guarantees in longer axis
To the limit balance of rolling element 31, making it under the premise of size without departing from parallel with 15 axis of inner ring, to guarantee super
The more stable operation of clutch, avoids mechanical breakdown；Using support roll structure, rolling element generally uses roller structure；
The supporting roller assembly further includes supporting roller support, and the backing roll along freewheel clutch circumferencial direction can slide
The inner wall of ring-shaped depression radial outside of outer ring 14 and interior is supported in by supporting roller support with the mode around own axis
It encloses between 15 outer circles；This structure guarantees rotation or the free sliding degree of backing roll, to be further ensured that the servo-actuated of backing roll
Property so that forming rolling friction when freewheel clutch is run between rolling element and backing roll, reduce power consumption, and to surmount from
The stability of clutch is preferable；
In the present embodiment, the supporting roller support includes the pushing out ring I 24 and pushing out ring II 28 corresponding to the setting of backing roll both ends,
The pushing out ring I 24 and pushing out ring II 28 be respectively provided with for backing roll both ends penetrate along II 28 circumference side of pushing out ring I 24 and pushing out ring
To annular groove (the annular groove 24a on pushing out ring I 24 is indicated in figure, on the annular groove 28a on pushing out ring II 28 and pushing out ring I 24
Ring channel structures it is similar and inside), 23 both ends of backing roll are slidably matched with corresponding annular groove, i.e. the one of backing roll
End penetrates the annular groove 24a on pushing out ring I 24, and the other end penetrates the annular groove on pushing out ring II 28；Using the mounting structure of annular groove,
Structure is simple, and assembly is easy, further such that the structure of freewheel clutch simplifies, reduces cost；It further include being located at outside pushing out ring I 24
The rolling bearing I 26 of side being supported between outer ring 14 and inner ring 15 and outer ring 14 and interior is supported in positioned at the outside of pushing out ring II 28
Rolling bearing II 29 between circle 15；Stable support is formed, bite, the annular groove slot bottom and pushing out ring of the pushing out ring I 24 are avoided
II 28 annular groove slot bottom is equipped with axially extending bore, for that can be introduced by the axially extending bore and lubrication is discharged by lubricating oil
Oil realizes preferable lubrication and cleaning, to guarantee the operating of freewheel clutch.
It further include the baffle ring II positioned at the baffle ring I 25 in I 24 outside of pushing out ring and positioned at II 28 outside of pushing out ring in the present embodiment
30, the baffle ring I 25 and baffle ring II 30 are respectively formed the interior heavy platform structure for being placed on outer ring, are formed and are supported to stablizing for outer ring, guaranteed
The stable operation of freewheel clutch itself；As shown, baffle ring I 25 and baffle ring II 30 pass through corresponding roller bearings respectively
In 16 outer circle of driving sleeve, as shown, baffle ring I 25 passes through rolling bearing II 29 by rolling bearing I 26 and baffle ring II 30
It is installed on driving sleeve 16, so that forming stable relative motion between freewheel clutch inner ring and outer ring, reduces friction and card
Puckery generation.
In the present embodiment, the distribution of the axially extending bore 24b of the annular groove 24a slot bottom of the pushing out ring I 24 and backing roll 23 and
Rolling element 31 is corresponding；It being capable of preferable relatively straightforward offer lubrication.
In the present embodiment, the diameter of the backing roll 23 is less than the one third of the diameter of rolling element 31, and rolling element is rolling
Column.
In the present embodiment, the support frame 4 for being provided with tubular structure is fixedly connected with active friction disk 7, the support frame is separate
One end of active friction disk 7, which is rotatably assorted, is supported in gearbox body, and the speed change elastic element 3 is located at support frame and transmission shaft 1
Between space and be coated at support shaft；As shown, in support shaft by it is left-to-right be equipped with freewheel clutch outer ring 14,
Intermediate cam set 21, driven friction disk 6 and speed change elastic element 3 (the present embodiment uses speed change disc spring), the support of tubular structure
Frame 4 forms stable support to active friction disk 7, guarantees transmission accuracy, meanwhile, speed change elastic element is located at support frame in transmission
Space between axis 1 and it is coated at support shaft, it is compact-sized.
Above embodiments are optimum structure of the invention, are not limiting the scope of the present invention；In connection side
The scheme adjusted in formula, the realization without influencing this hair goal of the invention.
The fast gear power transmission line of the present embodiment：
Power → 7 → driven friction disk of active friction disk, 6 → driven friction disk 6 inside spin cam → transmission shaft 1 is outer
1 output power of spiral cam → transmission shaft；
Freewheel clutch surmounts at this time, and resistance transfer route：The external spiral cam of 1 → transmission shaft of transmission shaft 1 → driven
Inside spin cam → driven friction disk 6 of frictional disk 6 → compression speed change butterfly spring；Transmission shaft 1 passes through the external spiral cam of transmission shaft 1
Inside spin cam and driven friction disk 6 to driven friction disk 6 apply axial force and compress speed change butterfly spring, when running resistance increases
To a timing, which separate active friction disk 7 and driven friction disk 6, and power is passed by following routes
It passs, i.e., keeps off power transmission line slowly：
Power → active friction disk 7 → gear driving gear → the first keeps off gear slowly slowly → slow gear tooth of gear jackshaft → the second slowly
Wheel → freewheel clutch outer ring 14 → freewheel clutch inner ring 15 → spiral prominence wheel set I 32 → driving sleeve, 16 → intermediate cam
Inside spin cam → transmission shaft 1 external spiral cam → the transmission shaft 1 for covering 21 → driven friction disk, 6 → driven friction disk 6 exports
Power.
Slow gear power transmission line also passes through following route simultaneously：Spiral prominence wheel set I → driving sleeve, 16 → intermediate cam
21 → driven friction disk 6 → compression speed change butterfly spring is covered, prevents from keeping off appearance compression speed change butterfly spring reciprocating compression in transmission process slowly, from
And active friction disk 7 and driven friction disk 6 are bonded when slow shelves being prevented to be driven.
There is above-mentioned transfer route to can be seen that the present invention at runtime, active friction disk 7 and driven friction disk 6 are in speed change
It is fitted closely under butterfly spring effect, forms the automatic transmission of a holding certain pressure, and can be by increasing variable-speed shaft
The axial width of set adjusts pressure needed for clutch engagement, reaches transmission purpose, at this point, power drive active friction disk 7, from
Dynamic friction disk 6, transmission shaft 1 rotate 1 output power of transmission shaft counterclockwise；It keeps off freewheel clutch slowly at this time and is in and surmount state.
Resistance is greater than driving force when motor vehicle starting, and resistance forces transmission shaft 1 to rotate clockwise certain angle, in transmission shaft
Under the action of 1 external spiral cam 1a, driven friction disk 6 compresses speed change butterfly spring；Driven friction disk 6 and active friction disk 7 separate,
Synchronous, slow to keep off freewheel clutch engagement, power drives active friction disk 7, first gear gear 19, slow gear jackshaft 17, second slowly
Slow gear gear 18, the outer ring 14 of freewheel clutch, inner ring 15, driving sleeve 16, intermediate cam set 21, driven friction disk 6 and biography
Moving axis 1 makes 1 output power of transmission shaft to keep off speed rotation slowly；Therefore, bottom gear starting is realized automatically, when shortening starting
Between, reduce starting power.At the same time, speed change butterfly spring absorbs resistance of motion square energy, stores to restore fast gear gear transmitting power
Standby potential energy.
After starting successfully, running resistance is reduced, when pressure caused by component is reduced to less than speed change butterfly spring, because being transported
Dynamic resistance is compressed and generates speed change butterfly spring pressure and discharge rapidly under promotion, completes driven friction disk 6 and active friction disk 7 restores tight
Closely connected conjunction state, slow gear freewheel clutch, which is in, surmounts state.
In driving process, as the variation self shifter principle of the resistance of motion is same as above, in the feelings for not needing cutting driving force
Variable block is realized under condition, keeps entire locomotive operation steady, safe and low consumption, and also transfer route is simplified, and transmission efficiency is improved.
Finally, it is stated that the above examples are only used to illustrate the technical scheme of the present invention and are not limiting, although referring to compared with
Good embodiment describes the invention in detail, those skilled in the art should understand that, it can be to skill of the invention
Art scheme is modified or replaced equivalently, and without departing from the spirit and scope of the technical solution of the present invention, should all be covered at this
In the scope of the claims of invention.
Claims (9)
1. a kind of arcuate friction for electric vehicle is driven self-adapting automatic gear shift device, it is characterised in that：Including cabinet and and cabinet
The transmission shaft for being rotatably assorted and outputing power further includes keeping off transmission mechanism and the mechanical intelligent being arranged on transmission shaft slowly certainly
Adapt to speed changing assembly；
Mechanical intelligent adaptive rate assembly includes driven friction disk, active friction disk and speed change elastic element；
Active friction disk and driven friction disk form the disk-type friction transmission for transmitting fast shelves in such a way that rubbing surface is mutually matched,
In the rubbing surface of active friction disk and the rubbing surface of driven friction disk, wherein the radial section of a rubbing surface is arc-shaped outer umbo
Structure, the radial section of another rubbing surface are arc-shaped concave inward structure, between arc-shaped outer male structure and arc-shaped concave inward structure with
Mutually embedding mode forms the disk-type friction transmission for transmitting fast shelves；The application of speed change elastic element makes driven friction disk and active friction
The pretightning force of disk fitting transmission；The driven friction disk is coated at transmission shaft and is cooperated with it by the auxiliary driving of main transmission cam；
Described transmission shaft one end stretches out cabinet and outputs power to automobile axle by output speed reducer structure；
The slow gear transmission mechanism includes freewheel clutch and intermediate reduction gear transmission mechanism, the freewheel clutch include outer ring,
Inner ring and rolling element are formed between the outer ring and inner ring and are used for through rolling element engagement or isolated engagement space, described interior
The inner circle for being coated at a driving sleeve and inner ring is enclosed equipped with the spiral cam for cooperating with driving sleeve；The active friction disk
Power is input to freewheel clutch outer ring by intermediate reduction gear mechanism.
2. arcuate friction for electric vehicle according to claim 1 is driven self-adapting automatic gear shift device, it is characterised in that：Institute
Output speed reducer structure is stated to include output driving gear, the first output driven gear, export jackshaft and the second output driven gear,
The output driving gear transmission is equipped in transmission shaft and exports driven gear engaged transmission with first, and the first output is driven
Gear and the second output driven gear are set to output jackshaft and linkage, and the second output driven gear outputs power to
Differential mechanism.
3. arcuate friction for electric vehicle according to claim 2 is driven self-adapting automatic gear shift device, it is characterised in that：Turn
Dynamic cooperation is coated at transmission shaft at least provided with an intermediate cam set, the intermediate cam covers one end and driven friction disk pass through it is convex
The transmission cooperation of wheel set I, the other end matches to merge by cam pair II with driving sleeve transmission will keep off power by freewheel clutch slowly
Circle is transferred to driven friction disk.
4. arcuate friction for electric vehicle according to claim 3 is driven self-adapting automatic gear shift device, it is characterised in that：Institute
Stating freewheel clutch further includes supporting roller assembly, the supporting roller assembly include at least be parallel to freewheel clutch axis and with rolling
The spaced backing roll of kinetoplast, the backing roll outer circle are contacted with adjacent rolling element outer circle, and the backing roll is to surmount
The mode that the circumferencial direction of clutch is movable is arranged.
5. arcuate friction for electric vehicle according to claim 4 is driven self-adapting automatic gear shift device, it is characterised in that：Institute
It states cam pair I and cam pair II is edge cam pair.
6. arcuate friction for electric vehicle according to claim 5 is driven self-adapting automatic gear shift device, it is characterised in that：Institute
Stating supporting roller assembly further includes supporting roller support, and the backing roll along freewheel clutch circumferencial direction can slide and around itself axis
The mode of line rotation is supported between outer ring inner circle and inner ring outer circle by supporting roller support.
7. arcuate friction for electric vehicle according to claim 6 is driven self-adapting automatic gear shift device, it is characterised in that：Institute
Stating supporting roller support includes the pushing out ring I and pushing out ring II corresponding to the setting of backing roll both ends, and the pushing out ring I and pushing out ring II are respectively equipped with
The annular groove along II circumferencial direction of pushing out ring I and pushing out ring for being penetrated for backing roll both ends, the backing roll both ends with it is corresponding
Annular groove is slidably matched；It further include positioned at the rolling bearing I being supported between outer ring and inner ring in I outside of pushing out ring and positioned at pushing out ring
The rolling bearing II being supported between outer ring and inner ring in II outside；The annular groove slot bottom of the pushing out ring I and the annular of pushing out ring II
Slot slot bottom is equipped with axially extending bore.
8. arcuate friction for electric vehicle according to claim 1 is driven self-adapting automatic gear shift device, it is characterised in that：Institute
State the inside spin cam and transmission that main transmission cam pair is equipped with by the integrally formed driven disc axle sleeve inner circle of the driven friction disk
The external spiral cam that axis is equipped with complements each other to form, and the active friction disk is coated at driven dish axle in an axially sliding manner
Set forms disk-type friction transmission.
9. arcuate friction for electric vehicle according to claim 8 is driven self-adapting automatic gear shift device, it is characterised in that：With
Active friction disk is fixedly connected with the support frame for being provided with tubular structure, which is rotatably assorted far from one end of active friction disk
It is supported in gearbox body, space of the speed change elastic element between support frame and transmission shaft and is coated at support shaft.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN201510602959.7A CN105114584B (en) | 2015-09-21 | 2015-09-21 | Arcuate friction for electric vehicle is driven self-adapting automatic gear shift device |
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| CN201510602959.7A CN105114584B (en) | 2015-09-21 | 2015-09-21 | Arcuate friction for electric vehicle is driven self-adapting automatic gear shift device |
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| CN105114584A CN105114584A (en) | 2015-12-02 |
| CN105114584B true CN105114584B (en) | 2018-11-16 |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN109941099B (en) * | 2019-04-18 | 2022-04-29 | 西南大学 | Mechanical double-overrunning clutch self-adaptive automatic speed changing bridge with planetary system input |
| CN110939699B (en) * | 2019-12-04 | 2022-04-22 | 西南大学 | Mechanical self-adaptive automatic transmission adopting multi-piece type large-torque friction clutch |
| CN111059220B (en) * | 2019-12-31 | 2022-10-11 | 西南大学 | Coaxial multi-layer multi-stage central driving type electric driving system |
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| CN102287459A (en) * | 2011-07-21 | 2011-12-21 | 西南大学 | Heavy-duty overrunning clutch |
| CN102720818A (en) * | 2012-06-18 | 2012-10-10 | 西南大学 | Mechanical, intelligent, adaptive, two-speed and multi-cam automatic transmission |
| CN102788098A (en) * | 2011-05-19 | 2012-11-21 | 杨苏英 | Novel overload protection structure of coupler |
| CN103307140A (en) * | 2013-05-31 | 2013-09-18 | 西南大学 | Floating auxiliary roller type overrun clutch |
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|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE202007005899U1 (en) * | 2007-04-24 | 2007-08-02 | STÄDELE, Helmut | Torque- and speed-difference dependent clutch operating unit for engine driven vehicles has engine side driver that is axially relocatable either on transmission input shaft or on transmission side driver |
| DE102008045624B4 (en) * | 2007-09-27 | 2018-01-04 | Schaeffler Technologies AG & Co. KG | Friction clutch with spherical friction contact partners |
| CN102748450B (en) * | 2012-07-02 | 2015-03-11 | 西南大学 | Mechanical intelligent adaptive two-gear multi-cam automatic speed change driver |
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Patent Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102788098A (en) * | 2011-05-19 | 2012-11-21 | 杨苏英 | Novel overload protection structure of coupler |
| CN102287459A (en) * | 2011-07-21 | 2011-12-21 | 西南大学 | Heavy-duty overrunning clutch |
| CN102720818A (en) * | 2012-06-18 | 2012-10-10 | 西南大学 | Mechanical, intelligent, adaptive, two-speed and multi-cam automatic transmission |
| CN103307140A (en) * | 2013-05-31 | 2013-09-18 | 西南大学 | Floating auxiliary roller type overrun clutch |
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Inventor after: Xue Rongsheng Inventor after: Deng Yunfan Inventor after: Hu Shidong Inventor after: Mou Xiao Inventor after: Liang Pinquan Inventor after: Zhu Fei Inventor after: Ran Yang Inventor after: Chen Kang Inventor after: Zhou Qian Inventor after: Tan Zhikang Inventor after: Wen Bo Inventor after: Deng Tianyi Inventor after: Xu Huanrui Inventor before: Xue Rongsheng Inventor before: Deng Yunfan Inventor before: Hu Shidong Inventor before: Mou Xiao Inventor before: Liang Pinquan Inventor before: Zhu Fei Inventor before: Ran Yang Inventor before: Chen Kang Inventor before: Zhou Qian Inventor before: Tan Zhikang Inventor before: Wen Bo Inventor before: Deng Tianyi Inventor before: Xu Huanrui |
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Effective date of registration: 20151217 Address after: 401123 Chongqing city in northern New Mount Huangshan road middle Willow Road No. 2 Applicant after: CHONGQING INSTITUTE FOR OPTICAL MACHINERY Address before: 401123 Chongqing city in northern New Mount Huangshan road middle Willow Road No. 2 Applicant before: Chongqing Academy of Science & Technology |
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