CN105359776A - Method for mulching film seedling culture and planting of purple potatoes - Google Patents
Method for mulching film seedling culture and planting of purple potatoes Download PDFInfo
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- CN105359776A CN105359776A CN201510678605.0A CN201510678605A CN105359776A CN 105359776 A CN105359776 A CN 105359776A CN 201510678605 A CN201510678605 A CN 201510678605A CN 105359776 A CN105359776 A CN 105359776A
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01C—PLANTING; SOWING; FERTILISING
- A01C1/00—Apparatus, or methods of use thereof, for testing or treating seed, roots, or the like, prior to sowing or planting
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
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Abstract
The invention discloses a method for mulching film seedling culture and planting of purple potatoes. The method belongs to the technical field of seedling culture and planting of potatoes. The method comprises the steps including (1) the mulching film seedling culture of the purple potatoes, (2) management of purple potato sprouts, (3) growth of young seedlings of the purple potato, (4) growth of the purple potatoes and (5) harvesting of the purple potatoes. By using the method disclosed by the invention, a germination period of the planted purple potatoes is short, and a germination rate during the same period increases by about 16.8%; the sprouts are healthy, strong and tall and have high quality and excellent performance, and a survival rate and survival quality of young seedlings of the purple potatoes are effectively guaranteed; the maturing purple potatoes have a high yield, planting benefits and income increase obviously, and income of farmer households is increased obviously. Pesticides of a small amount are applied continuously at intervals to the purple potatoes planted by the method disclosed by the invention, so that the purple potatoes can absorb sufficient nutrients during the growth, and the maturing potatoes have the advantages ofa big size, fresh and tender flesh, abundant nutrients and high edible values.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of purple potato, particularly the plastic film of a kind of purple potato and cultivation method, belong to potato seedling cultivation technology field.
Background technology
Potato has another name called potato, and originate in the alpine region of Peru and Chile, middle period the 17th century imports China into by Dutchman, has the cultivation history of more than 300 year in China.Starch containing 8-29% in potato tubers and the multiple nutritional components such as protein, minerals and vitamins, yielding ability is good, wide adaptability, progressively becomes the important grain of the mankind, vegetables, feed and the raw material of industry.Food fiber quality contained by potato is fine and smooth, does not hinder stomach, has critical function to prevent disease with maintenance is healthy, is extraordinary food fiber source, and its relevant food is extensively by popular favor.
Purple-colored potato contains abundant anthocyan; anthocyan is current disease preventing and treating, safeguard human health the most directly, the most effective, safest free radical scavenger; it be uniquely can through blood-brain barrier scavenging free radicals thus protection brain cell material; have strengthen blood vessel elasticity, improve circulatory function, inflammation-inhibiting and allergy, improve joint pliability, strengthen body immunity; delay senility; build up health, strengthen effect of eyesight and anticancer anti-sudden change.According to surveying and determination, the every 100g stem tuber of purple-colored potato " black beauty ", about containing protein 2.3g, fatty 0.1g, carbohydrate 16.5g, calcium 1lmg, iron 1.2mg, phosphorus 64mg, potassium 342mg, magnesium 22.9mg, carotin 0.01mg, thiamine 0.1mg, vitamin b3 0.03mg, nicotinic acid 0.4mg, ascorbic acid 16mg, anthocyan 100mg, is very good health food and vegetables; In addition, the market average price of purple-colored potato is 7-10 unit/kg, far above the market price of the 1.2-1.8 unit/kg of normal potato, if therefore calculate according to per mu yield 2000-2500kg, and known purple potato planting considerable benefit.
Current purple potato planting is stem tuber rhizome cutting propagation, its reproduction coefficient is lower, limit breeding and the popularization of purple potato significantly, and cultivate after purple potato set survival rate and Survival Rate poor, after causing seedling cultivating and growing, the purple potato quality born is poor, reduces the economic benefit of purple potato planting.
Summary of the invention
For above-mentioned prior art Problems existing, the invention provides plastic film and the cultivation method of a kind of purple potato, mulch film is adopted to cultivate purple potato seedling, improve survival rate and the Survival Rate of seedling, the purple Potato Quality born after ensureing the plantation of purple potato seedling is high, meet the eating requirements of people, conscientiously improve purple potato planting benefit.
To achieve these goals, the plastic film of a kind of purple potato that the present invention adopts and cultivation method, the method comprises the following steps:
(1) purple potato plastic film: the last ten-days period in March, after minimum temperature is round the clock higher than 5 DEG C, from storeroom, choose weight is 50-80g/, the unabroken potato seed in surface, surface is dried after cleaning naturally, potato seed after drying is two sections of stem tubers along middle rip cutting, every section of stem tuber is immersed in the ABT rooting powder solution that concentration is 5-8mg/kg in vertical section level mode down respectively, the degree of depth that stem tuber vertical section immerses in ABT rooting powder solution is 1.5-2.5cm, soak time is 45min, after immersion terminates, being taken out by stem tuber inserts in indoor seedbed, the plantation space of each stem tuber is 15 × 20cm
2, stem tuber surface coverage thickness is 3-5cm and contains the soil of Nutrition Soil, soil interior humidity is suitable for, soil surface sprays ABT rooting powder solution, spray ABT rooting powder solution concentration be 15mg/kg, spray ABT rooting powder solution consumption be 10kg/ mu/time, an ABT rooting powder solution is sprayed at interval of 2h, amount to after spraying three times continuously, get mulch film the potato seed stem tuber on seedbed and seedbed is covered completely, the compacting of mulch film surrounding, every 3-5 days, humidity is kept to be 80%-90% to sprinkle water and spray in seedbed, simultaneously in mulch film surface coverage withered grass or the insulation of careless felt, sprinkle water and spray moisturizing is operated to potato seed stem tuber and sprouts end, take down after sprouting on mulch film is incubated with withered grass or careless felt simultaneously,
(2) purple potato young shoot management: after potato seed stem tuber starts to sprout, the place's mulch film that will sprout is torn and is convenient to shoot growth, adopting in addition by concentration is that the mixed solution that the ABT rooting powder solution of 5-8mg/kg and the paclobutrazol pulvis of 6-8mg/kg form according to the ratio of 1:1.2 sprays medicine to young shoot, spray value be 5kg/ mu/time, spray medicine once every three days, to seedbed the bud ratio of stem tuber reach 95% and above time, stop spray medicine, now remove the mulch film on seedbed, and the stem tuber that will sprout takes out from seedbed;
(3) purple growth of potato sets: after the stem tuber that will sprout carefully takes out from seedbed, choose maximum young shoot height in stem tuber more than 5cm as potato seed stem tuber, only retain the maximum young shoot of 1-2 root in each potato seed stem tuber, be of a size of 30 × 30cm according to the plantation of each stem tuber
2plant in field, organic fertilizer in field soil, cut weeds, deinsectization, during plantation stem tuber, field soil humidity is 30-50%, temperature be 8 DEG C and more than, after the good purple potato tubers of plantation, when temperature is lower than 8 DEG C, potato seed stem tuber young shoot surface is added a cover thickness and is the careless felt of 2-3cm and the humidity of careless felt is 45%, the 5 PM of every day to next day morning 8 between use the auxiliary insulation of careless felt, when daytime temperature is higher than 12 DEG C, open careless felt, concentration is now adopted to be that the rooting powder solution of 15mg/kg is to stem tuber young shoot atomization spray medicine, at interval of 2-3 days spray medicines once, after continuous spraying medicine three times, take away careless felt now young shoot grown up to highly for about 10cm seedling, no longer need the auxiliary insulation of careless felt, start the next day taken down after careless felt, noon every day 9-10 point, to the moisturizing of purple potato seedling sprinkle water and spray, every watering moisturizing in three days once, next day simultaneously after each watering moisturizing, spraying by concentration seedling is the naphthalene acid solution of 3-5mg/kg, concentration is 3.5mg/kg aspirin solution, concentration is the mixed solution that the refined sugar solution of 1.5mg/kg forms according to the ratio of 5:1.2:2, adopt 3.5kg/ mu/time mixed solution consumption to purple potato seedling spray medicine, accumulative watering moisturizing five times continuously and after spray medicine five times, stop watering moisturizing operation, now starting to spray by concentration on seedling is the naphthalene acid solution of 6-8mg/kg, concentration is the admixing medical solutions that 2mg/kg aspirin solution forms according to the ratio of 1:1, the spray value of admixing medical solutions is 2kg/ mu, the spray liquid time be between 10-14 point at noon and temperature is greater than 15 DEG C time, spray the cycle of admixing medical solutions according to the frequency of every 3 days/time, end cycle after accumulative spray medicine 3 times,
(4) purple potato growth: after spraying admixing medical solutions end cycle, interval 10-15 days, rainy weather is selected to spray paclobutrazol pulvis 30-40g/ mu to the root of seedling, paclobutrazol pulvis is made to flow into seedling root by rainwater, promote purple potato root development, root to seedling is taked at interval of 2-3 days, spray the mode of a paclobutrazol pulvis, accumulative sprinkling paclobutrazol pulvis 4 times, and from second time is sprayed, the consumption of paclobutrazol pulvis increases progressively 15g/ time successively, after the operation of spraying paclobutrazol pulvis terminates 5 days, employing concentration is the compound sodium nitrophenolate solution of 15-20mg/kg, the alcohol milk powder solution that rues of 10-20mg/kg shakes up composition admixing medical solutions according to the ratio mixing of 1:1.5, field spray liquid consumption is 10kg/ mu, liquid adopts the mode of atomized spray to be sprayed on purple potato young shoot and bud-leaf, after 5-7 days, again spray the admixing medical solutions of same dose and component, after 10 days, employing concentration is the compound sodium nitrophenolate solution of 20mg/kg, the DA-6 solution of rue alcohol milk powder solution and the 30mg/kg of 20mg/kg is mixed into growth liquid according to the ratio of 1:1.2:1.5, the consumption of growth liquid is 15kg/ mu, spraying number of times is 1 time, in addition, during growth of seedling, pre-preventing disease and pest occurs in time, and remove weeds in field in time, adopt during artificial field weeding and avoid damaging seedling,
(5) purple potato harvest: when after purple potato maturation, dig out from field, removes the earth on purple potato surface, removes the skin avoiding during mud damaging purple potato surface, keeps purple potato surface complete, after naturally drying, is put in storeroom for subsequent use.
As improvement, in the purple potato young shoot management of described step (2), after mixed solution being sprayed to young shoot at every turn, the withered grass of insulation or careless felt is added a cover on mulch film surface, make the young shoot temperature in mulch film maintain 5 DEG C and more than, withered grass or careless felt surface by atomization watering moisturizing, make the humidity of withered grass or careless felt be 30%, when young shoot temperature reduces, by being incubated to withered grass or careless felt surface sprinkling warm water.
As improvement, after described step (5) purple potato harvest, storeroom humidity remains on 20-25%, and temperature is constant temperature 4 DEG C, and storeroom is in the shade.
As improvement, when storeroom humidity is higher than 20-25%, door of storage room need be opened and ventilate, when storeroom humidity is lower than 20-25%, adopts the mode humidification of sprinkle water and spray, water is spread on storeroom sidewall during sprinkle water and spray.
As improvement, in described step (3) purple growth of potato sets, choose maximum young shoot height in stem tuber more than 5cm as potato seed stem tuber time, when stem tuber there being the young shoot of more than 2 and 2, only retain 1-2 maximum young shoot and the young shoot retained needs vertically grow upward, during plantation, by potato seed stem tuber with young shoot mode kind upward in field.
As improvement, adopting by concentration in described step (2) is that the ABT rooting powder solution of 7mg/kg and the paclobutrazol pulvis of 6.5mg/kg form mixed solution according to the ratio of 1:1.2.
As improvement, in described step (1) during purple potato plastic film, the soil 1-2 days before use containing Nutrition Soil of stem tuber surface coverage, airing of need ventilating in advance, avoids Nutrition Soil damp and mouldy, affects stem tuber primary growth.
Compared with prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects as follows:
(1) in the last ten-days period in March of proper temperature, choose individual large, complete purple potato is as potato seed, after clean surface, rip cutting potato, be convenient to purple potato two top and send young shoot, the purple potato tubers cut takes tangent plane to immerse in rooting powder solution, guarantee that potato seed stem tuber vertical section immerses the degree of depth in solution is 1.5-2.5cm simultaneously, soak time is 15-25min, liquid is made to enter in stem tuber to greatest extent, sprout from one end of stem tuber after absorbing enough nutrition to make stem tuber, and by soaking rooting powder solution, the time of sprouting of each stem tuber can be made to reach unanimity, be convenient to final-period management, when sprouting stem tuber plantation, consider the space needed for purple potato individual growth and nutrient, by stem tuber according to 15 × 20cm
2space is planted, and while raising space availability ratio, meets shoot growth demand to greatest extent, stem tuber sprouts in process of growth, continual, sprinkling ABT rooting powder solution on a small quantity, repeatedly, to ensure that seedbed can provide nutrient needed for tuber growth, simultaneously in conjunction with compositions such as the Nutrition Soils in soil on seedling field, for stem tuber provides the composition of the several mineral materials needed for germinating growth, improve the bud ratio of potato seed stem tuber and quality of sprouting, by adopting the measure such as mulch film and watering moisturizing in seedbed, the suitable temperature providing stem tuber to sprout and humidity, further lifting potato seed speed of germination, known by contrasting, adopt the purple potato of the inventive method cycle of sprouting short, in same time, germination rate improves about 16.8%, and young shoot is healthy and strong, highly large, quality is good, function admirable.
(2) after stem tuber sprouts, tear the place's mulch film that sprouts guarantee to sprout smoothly and adopt the mixed solution be made up of ABT rooting powder solution and paclobutrazol pulvis to carry out spraying growing of medicine process promotion young shoot to young shoot, now spray medicine and also adopt interval, on a small quantity, continuous sprinkling, guarantee that drug effect can be absorbed by stem tuber and can not be excessive because of dose in time, too quickly and affect the growth of stem tuber young shoot, because liquid can tear the root that mouth enters into stem tuber on mulch film, the volatilization loss of drug effect is effectively prevented by the covering of mulch film, guarantee the continued propagation of stem tuber young shoot, simultaneously mulch film can provide temperature needed for shoot growth and humidity, result of use is good.
(3) plantation cultivation is carried out more than the individuality of 5cm as potato seed stem tuber by choosing young shoot height in stem tuber, this kind of stem tuber young shoot vitality is stronger, later period growth and development is good, each stem tuber of simultaneously planting retains 1-2 maximum young shoot, can ensure that the nutrient component in stem tuber is effectively absorbed by this reservation young shoot on the one hand, avoid stem tuber retaining too much young shoot simultaneously and cause nutrient to disperse, cause nutrient not enough, damage, also by the second young shoot continued growth once young shoot on certain stem tuber simultaneously; Be in the process of seedling at shoot growth, combined by measures such as careless felt, watering moisturizings, realize good temperature control, the wet effect of control, the growth for seedling provides continuous and suitable temp. and humidity; In addition, in process of growth, the medicine that continuous several times applies, a small amount of sprinkling promotes growth of seedling, promote the stem of seedling, root development, the growth for seedling provides continuously, fit the fertilizer support of effect, operating procedure is simple, effectively ensure that survival rate and the Survival Rate of purple potato seedling, the survival rate of the purple potato seedling cultivated by the inventive method, compared with conventional method, about improves 6.9%, and the quality of seedling is high.
(4) in purple potato raw growth process, method provided by the invention is by selecting to apply paclobutrazol pulvis at rainy weather, rely on rainwater to make paclobutrazol pulvis flow into seedling root, ensure that the drug effect of pulvis comparatively fast arrives potato root, promote the growth of potato root; By repeatedly, continuously applying appropriate paclobutrazol pulvis to the root of seedling, make the growth moment of root keep good trend, from second time applies paclobutrazol pulvis, consumption increases progressively 15g/ time successively, can meet the demand that potato seed stem tuber root individuality increases; After applying paclobutrazol pulvis terminates, start again to spray the mixed solution be made into by compound sodium nitrophenolate, the alcohol milk powder that rues, promote the growth of purple potato, effect of increasing production is obvious, in order to ensure that in purple potato raw growth process, the moment keeps good growth tendency, easily adopt continuous, a small amount of spray pattern when applying mixed solution, purple potato can be made effectively to absorb liquid nutrient, the loss of nutrient can not be caused simultaneously; In the process of growth of seedling, pre-preventing disease and pest occurs in time, and removes weeds in field in time, adopts during artificial field weeding and avoids damaging seedling.
(5) after purple potato cuts one's eye-teeth, dig out from field and be placed in the suitable storeroom of temp. and humidity, purple potato is effectively stored, by the purple potato that the inventive method is planted, per mu yield comparatively conventional method improves about about 10%, is 2000-2500kg/ mu according to current average rate, unit price is that 9 yuan/kg calculates, can increase income about 2000 yuan, planting benefit increases income obviously, significantly improves the income at plantation family; In addition, adopt that the purple potato of the inventive method plantation owing to adopting in dispenser process is continuously, interval, a small amount of method, therefore in purple potato raw growth process can constant absorption to sufficient nutrient, ripe rear individuality is larger, Fresh & Tender in Texture, nutritious, edibility is high.
Embodiment
For making the object, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention clearly understand, below by embodiment, the present invention is further elaborated.But should be appreciated that, specific embodiment described herein, only in order to explain the present invention, is not limited to scope of the present invention.
Embodiment one
The plastic film of purple potato and a cultivation method, the method comprises the following steps:
(1) purple potato plastic film: the last ten-days period in March, after minimum temperature is round the clock higher than 5 DEG C, from storeroom, choose weight is 50g/, the unabroken potato seed in surface, surface is dried after cleaning naturally, potato seed after drying is two sections of stem tubers along middle rip cutting, every section of stem tuber is immersed in the ABT rooting powder solution that concentration is 5mg/kg in vertical section level mode down respectively, the degree of depth that stem tuber vertical section immerses in ABT rooting powder solution is 1.5cm, soak time is 45min, after immersion terminates, being taken out by stem tuber inserts in indoor seedbed, the plantation space of each stem tuber is 15 × 20cm
2, stem tuber surface coverage thickness is 3cm and contains the soil of Nutrition Soil, soil interior humidity is suitable for, soil surface sprays ABT rooting powder solution, spray ABT rooting powder solution concentration be 15mg/kg, spray ABT rooting powder solution consumption be 10kg/ mu/time, an ABT rooting powder solution is sprayed at interval of 2h, amount to after spraying three times continuously, get mulch film the potato seed stem tuber on seedbed and seedbed is covered completely, the compacting of mulch film surrounding, every 3 days, humidity is kept to be 80% to sprinkle water and spray in seedbed, simultaneously in mulch film surface coverage withered grass or the insulation of careless felt, sprinkle water and spray moisturizing is operated to potato seed stem tuber and sprouts end, take down after sprouting on mulch film is incubated with withered grass or careless felt simultaneously,
(2) purple potato young shoot management: after potato seed stem tuber starts to sprout, the place's mulch film that will sprout is torn and is convenient to shoot growth, adopting in addition by concentration is that the mixed solution that the ABT rooting powder solution of 5mg/kg and the paclobutrazol pulvis of 6mg/kg form according to the ratio of 1:1.2 sprays medicine to young shoot, spray value be 5kg/ mu/time, spray medicine once every three days, to seedbed the bud ratio of stem tuber reach 95% and above time, stop spray medicine, now remove the mulch film on seedbed, and the stem tuber that will sprout takes out from seedbed;
(3) purple growth of potato sets: after the stem tuber that will sprout carefully takes out from seedbed, choose maximum young shoot height in stem tuber more than 5cm as potato seed stem tuber, only retain 1 maximum young shoot in each potato seed stem tuber, be of a size of 30 × 30cm according to the plantation of each stem tuber
2plant in field, organic fertilizer in field soil, cut weeds, deinsectization, during plantation stem tuber, field soil humidity is 30%, temperature be 8 DEG C and more than, after the good purple potato tubers of plantation, when temperature is lower than 8 DEG C, potato seed stem tuber young shoot surface is added a cover thickness and is the careless felt of 2cm and the humidity of careless felt is 45%, the 5 PM of every day to next day morning 8 between use the auxiliary insulation of careless felt, when daytime temperature is higher than 12 DEG C, open careless felt, concentration is now adopted to be that the rooting powder solution of 15mg/kg is to stem tuber young shoot atomization spray medicine, at interval of 2 days spray medicines once, after continuous spraying medicine three times, take away careless felt now young shoot grown up to highly for about 10cm seedling, no longer need the auxiliary insulation of careless felt, start the next day taken down after careless felt, noon 9 every day point, to the moisturizing of purple potato seedling sprinkle water and spray, every watering moisturizing in three days once, next day simultaneously after each watering moisturizing, spraying by concentration seedling is the naphthalene acid solution of 3mg/kg, concentration is 3.5mg/kg aspirin solution, concentration is the mixed solution that the refined sugar solution of 1.5mg/kg forms according to the ratio of 5:1.2:2, adopt 3.5kg/ mu/time mixed solution consumption to purple potato seedling spray medicine, accumulative watering moisturizing five times continuously and after spray medicine five times, stop watering moisturizing operation, now starting to spray by concentration on seedling is the naphthalene acid solution of 6mg/kg, concentration is the admixing medical solutions that 2mg/kg aspirin solution forms according to the ratio of 1:1, the spray value of admixing medical solutions is 2kg/ mu, the spray liquid time be between 10-14 point at noon and temperature is greater than 15 DEG C time, spray the cycle of admixing medical solutions according to the frequency of every 3 days/time, end cycle after accumulative spray medicine 3 times,
(4) purple potato growth: after spraying admixing medical solutions end cycle, 10 days, interval, rainy weather is selected to spray paclobutrazol pulvis 30g/ mu to the root of seedling, paclobutrazol pulvis is made to flow into seedling root by rainwater, promote purple potato root development, root to seedling is taked at interval of 2 days, spray the mode of a paclobutrazol pulvis, accumulative sprinkling paclobutrazol pulvis 4 times, and from second time is sprayed, the consumption of paclobutrazol pulvis increases progressively 15g/ time successively, after the operation of spraying paclobutrazol pulvis terminates 5 days, employing concentration is the compound sodium nitrophenolate solution of 15mg/kg, the alcohol milk powder solution that rues of 10mg/kg shakes up composition admixing medical solutions according to the ratio mixing of 1:1.5, field spray liquid consumption is 10kg/ mu, liquid adopts the mode of atomized spray to be sprayed on purple potato young shoot and bud-leaf, after 5 days, again spray the admixing medical solutions of same dose and component, after 10 days, employing concentration is the compound sodium nitrophenolate solution of 20mg/kg, the DA-6 solution of rue alcohol milk powder solution and the 30mg/kg of 20mg/kg is mixed into growth liquid according to the ratio of 1:1.2:1.5, the consumption of growth liquid is 15kg/ mu, spraying number of times is 1 time, in addition, during growth of seedling, pre-preventing disease and pest occurs in time, and remove weeds in field in time, adopt during artificial field weeding and avoid damaging seedling,
(5) purple potato harvest: when after purple potato maturation, dig out from field, removes the earth on purple potato surface, removes the skin avoiding during mud damaging purple potato surface, keeps purple potato surface complete, after naturally drying, is put in storeroom for subsequent use.
By the purple potato that said method is planted, per mu yield comparatively conventional method improves about about 9.85%, is 2000-2500kg according to current average rate, unit price is that 9 yuan/kg calculates, can increase income about 1773-2200 unit, planting benefit increases income obviously, effectively increases plantation family income.
Embodiment two
The plastic film of purple potato and a cultivation method, the method comprises the following steps:
(1) purple potato plastic film: the last ten-days period in March, after minimum temperature is round the clock higher than 5 DEG C, from storeroom, choose weight is 80g/, the unabroken potato seed in surface, surface is dried after cleaning naturally, potato seed after drying is two sections of stem tubers along middle rip cutting, every section of stem tuber is immersed in the ABT rooting powder solution that concentration is 8mg/kg in vertical section level mode down respectively, the degree of depth that stem tuber vertical section immerses in ABT rooting powder solution is 2.5cm, soak time is 45min, after immersion terminates, being taken out by stem tuber inserts in indoor seedbed, the plantation space of each stem tuber is 15 × 20cm
2, stem tuber surface coverage thickness is 5cm and contains the soil of Nutrition Soil, soil interior humidity is suitable for, soil surface sprays ABT rooting powder solution, spray ABT rooting powder solution concentration be 15mg/kg, spray ABT rooting powder solution consumption be 10kg/ mu/time, an ABT rooting powder solution is sprayed at interval of 2h, amount to after spraying three times continuously, get mulch film the potato seed stem tuber on seedbed and seedbed is covered completely, the compacting of mulch film surrounding, every 5 days, humidity is kept to be 90% to sprinkle water and spray in seedbed, simultaneously in mulch film surface coverage withered grass or the insulation of careless felt, sprinkle water and spray moisturizing is operated to potato seed stem tuber and sprouts end, take down after sprouting on mulch film is incubated with withered grass or careless felt simultaneously,
(2) purple potato young shoot management: after potato seed stem tuber starts to sprout, the place's mulch film that will sprout is torn and is convenient to shoot growth, adopting in addition by concentration is that the mixed solution that the ABT rooting powder solution of 8mg/kg and the paclobutrazol pulvis of 8mg/kg form according to the ratio of 1:1.2 sprays medicine to young shoot, spray value be 5kg/ mu/time, spray medicine once every three days, to seedbed the bud ratio of stem tuber reach 95% and above time, stop spray medicine, now remove the mulch film on seedbed, and the stem tuber that will sprout takes out from seedbed;
(3) purple growth of potato sets: after the stem tuber that will sprout carefully takes out from seedbed, choose maximum young shoot height in stem tuber more than 5cm as potato seed stem tuber, only retain the maximum young shoot of 1-2 root in each potato seed stem tuber, be of a size of 30 × 30cm according to the plantation of each stem tuber
2plant in field, organic fertilizer in field soil, cut weeds, deinsectization, during plantation stem tuber, field soil humidity is 30-50%, temperature be 8 DEG C and more than, after the good purple potato tubers of plantation, when temperature is lower than 8 DEG C, potato seed stem tuber young shoot surface is added a cover thickness and is the careless felt of 3cm and the humidity of careless felt is 45%, the 5 PM of every day to next day morning 8 between use the auxiliary insulation of careless felt, when daytime temperature is higher than 12 DEG C, open careless felt, concentration is now adopted to be that the rooting powder solution of 15mg/kg is to stem tuber young shoot atomization spray medicine, at interval of 3 days spray medicines once, after continuous spraying medicine three times, take away careless felt now young shoot grown up to highly for about 10cm seedling, no longer need the auxiliary insulation of careless felt, start the next day taken down after careless felt, noon every day 9-10 point, to the moisturizing of purple potato seedling sprinkle water and spray, every watering moisturizing in three days once, next day simultaneously after each watering moisturizing, spraying by concentration seedling is the naphthalene acid solution of 5mg/kg, concentration is 3.5mg/kg aspirin solution, concentration is the mixed solution that the refined sugar solution of 1.5mg/kg forms according to the ratio of 5:1.2:2, adopt 3.5kg/ mu/time mixed solution consumption to purple potato seedling spray medicine, accumulative watering moisturizing five times continuously and after spray medicine five times, stop watering moisturizing operation, now starting to spray by concentration on seedling is the naphthalene acid solution of 8mg/kg, concentration is the admixing medical solutions that 2mg/kg aspirin solution forms according to the ratio of 1:1, the spray value of admixing medical solutions is 2kg/ mu, the spray liquid time be between 10-14 point at noon and temperature is greater than 15 DEG C time, spray the cycle of admixing medical solutions according to the frequency of every 3 days/time, end cycle after accumulative spray medicine 3 times,
(4) purple potato growth: after spraying admixing medical solutions end cycle, 15 days, interval, rainy weather is selected to spray paclobutrazol pulvis 40g/ mu to the root of seedling, paclobutrazol pulvis is made to flow into seedling root by rainwater, promote purple potato root development, root to seedling is taked at interval of 3 days, spray the mode of a paclobutrazol pulvis, accumulative sprinkling paclobutrazol pulvis 4 times, and from second time is sprayed, the consumption of paclobutrazol pulvis increases progressively 15g/ time successively, after the operation of spraying paclobutrazol pulvis terminates 5 days, employing concentration is the compound sodium nitrophenolate solution of 20mg/kg, the alcohol milk powder solution that rues of 20mg/kg shakes up composition admixing medical solutions according to the ratio mixing of 1:1.5, field spray liquid consumption is 10kg/ mu, liquid adopts the mode of atomized spray to be sprayed on purple potato young shoot and bud-leaf, after 7 days, again spray the admixing medical solutions of same dose and component, after 10 days, employing concentration is the compound sodium nitrophenolate solution of 20mg/kg, the DA-6 solution of rue alcohol milk powder solution and the 30mg/kg of 20mg/kg is mixed into growth liquid according to the ratio of 1:1.2:1.5, the consumption of growth liquid is 15kg/ mu, spraying number of times is 1 time, in addition, during growth of seedling, pre-preventing disease and pest occurs in time, and remove weeds in field in time, adopt during artificial field weeding and avoid damaging seedling,
(5) purple potato harvest: when after purple potato maturation, dig out from field, removes the earth on purple potato surface, removes the skin avoiding during mud damaging purple potato surface, keeps purple potato surface complete, after naturally drying, is put in storeroom for subsequent use.
By the purple potato that said method is planted, per mu yield comparatively conventional method improves about about 10.04%, and be 2000-2500kg/ mu according to current average rate, unit price is that 9 yuan/kg calculates, and can increase income about 1807.2-2259 unit, planting benefit increases income obviously.
Embodiment three
The plastic film of purple potato and a cultivation method, the method comprises the following steps:
(1) purple potato plastic film: the last ten-days period in March, after minimum temperature is round the clock higher than 5 DEG C, from storeroom, choose weight is 70g/, the unabroken potato seed in surface, surface is dried after cleaning naturally, potato seed after drying is two sections of stem tubers along middle rip cutting, every section of stem tuber is immersed in the ABT rooting powder solution that concentration is 6mg/kg in vertical section level mode down respectively, the degree of depth that stem tuber vertical section immerses in ABT rooting powder solution is 2cm, soak time is 45min, after immersion terminates, being taken out by stem tuber inserts in indoor seedbed, the plantation space of each stem tuber is 15 × 20cm
2, stem tuber surface coverage thickness is 4cm and contains the soil of Nutrition Soil, soil is 1-2 days before use, to ventilate in advance airing, avoid Nutrition Soil damp and mouldy, affect stem tuber primary growth, need soil interior humidity to be suitable for when covering on stem tuber, soil surface sprays ABT rooting powder solution, spray ABT rooting powder solution concentration be 15mg/kg, spray ABT rooting powder solution consumption be 10kg/ mu/time, an ABT rooting powder solution is sprayed at interval of 2h, amount to after spraying three times continuously, get mulch film the potato seed stem tuber on seedbed and seedbed is covered completely, the compacting of mulch film surrounding, every 4 days, humidity is kept to be 85% to sprinkle water and spray in seedbed, simultaneously in mulch film surface coverage withered grass or the insulation of careless felt, sprinkle water and spray moisturizing is operated to potato seed stem tuber and sprouts end, take down after sprouting on mulch film is incubated with withered grass or careless felt simultaneously,
(2) purple potato young shoot management: after potato seed stem tuber starts to sprout, the place's mulch film that will sprout is torn and is convenient to shoot growth, adopting in addition by concentration is that the mixed solution that the ABT rooting powder solution of 7mg/kg and the paclobutrazol pulvis of 6.5mg/kg form according to the ratio of 1:1.2 sprays medicine to young shoot, spray value be 5kg/ mu/time, spray medicine once every three days, after mixed solution being sprayed to young shoot at every turn, the withered grass of insulation or careless felt is added a cover on mulch film surface, make the young shoot temperature in mulch film maintain 5 DEG C and more than, withered grass or careless felt surface are by atomization watering moisturizing, the humidity of withered grass or careless felt is made to be 30%, when young shoot temperature reduces, by being incubated to withered grass or careless felt surface sprinkling warm water, to seedbed the bud ratio of stem tuber reach 95% and above time, stop spray medicine, now remove the mulch film on seedbed, and the stem tuber that will sprout takes out from seedbed,
(3) purple growth of potato sets: after the stem tuber that will sprout carefully takes out from seedbed, choose maximum young shoot height in stem tuber more than 5cm as potato seed stem tuber, when stem tuber there being the young shoot of more than 2 and 2, only retain 1-2 maximum young shoot and the young shoot retained needs vertically grow upward, during plantation, by potato seed stem tuber with young shoot mode kind upward in field, be of a size of 30 × 30cm according to the plantation of each stem tuber
2plant in field, organic fertilizer in field soil, cut weeds, deinsectization, during plantation stem tuber, field soil humidity is 40%, temperature be 8 DEG C and more than, after the good purple potato tubers of plantation, when temperature is lower than 8 DEG C, potato seed stem tuber young shoot surface is added a cover thickness and is the careless felt of 2.5cm and the humidity of careless felt is 45%, the 5 PM of every day to next day morning 8 between use the auxiliary insulation of careless felt, when daytime temperature is higher than 12 DEG C, open careless felt, concentration is now adopted to be that the rooting powder solution of 15mg/kg is to stem tuber young shoot atomization spray medicine, at interval of 3 days spray medicines once, after continuous spraying medicine three times, take away careless felt now young shoot grown up to highly for about 10cm seedling, no longer need the auxiliary insulation of careless felt, start the next day taken down after careless felt, noon every day 9-10 point, to the moisturizing of purple potato seedling sprinkle water and spray, every watering moisturizing in three days once, next day simultaneously after each watering moisturizing, spraying by concentration seedling is the naphthalene acid solution of 4mg/kg, concentration is 3.5mg/kg aspirin solution, concentration is the mixed solution that the refined sugar solution of 1.5mg/kg forms according to the ratio of 5:1.2:2, adopt 3.5kg/ mu/time mixed solution consumption to purple potato seedling spray medicine, accumulative watering moisturizing five times continuously and after spray medicine five times, stop watering moisturizing operation, now starting to spray by concentration on seedling is the naphthalene acid solution of 7mg/kg, concentration is the admixing medical solutions that 2mg/kg aspirin solution forms according to the ratio of 1:1, the spray value of admixing medical solutions is 2kg/ mu, the spray liquid time be between 10-14 point at noon and temperature is greater than 15 DEG C time, spray the cycle of admixing medical solutions according to the frequency of every 3 days/time, end cycle after accumulative spray medicine 3 times,
(4) purple potato growth: after spraying admixing medical solutions end cycle, interval 10-15 days, rainy weather is selected to spray paclobutrazol pulvis 35g/ mu to the root of seedling, paclobutrazol pulvis is made to flow into seedling root by rainwater, promote purple potato root development, root to seedling is taked at interval of 2-3 days, spray the mode of a paclobutrazol pulvis, accumulative sprinkling paclobutrazol pulvis 4 times, and from second time is sprayed, the consumption of paclobutrazol pulvis increases progressively 15g/ time successively, after the operation of spraying paclobutrazol pulvis terminates 5 days, employing concentration is the compound sodium nitrophenolate solution of 18mg/kg, the alcohol milk powder solution that rues of 15mg/kg shakes up composition admixing medical solutions according to the ratio mixing of 1:1.5, field spray liquid consumption is 10kg/ mu, liquid adopts the mode of atomized spray to be sprayed on purple potato young shoot and bud-leaf, after 6 days, again spray the admixing medical solutions of same dose and component, after 10 days, employing concentration is the compound sodium nitrophenolate solution of 20mg/kg, the DA-6 solution of rue alcohol milk powder solution and the 30mg/kg of 20mg/kg is mixed into growth liquid according to the ratio of 1:1.2:1.5, the consumption of growth liquid is 15kg/ mu, spraying number of times is 1 time, in addition, during growth of seedling, pre-preventing disease and pest occurs in time, and remove weeds in field in time, adopt during artificial field weeding and avoid damaging seedling,
(5) purple potato harvest: when after purple potato maturation, dig out from field, remove the earth on purple potato surface, remove the skin avoiding during mud damaging purple potato surface, keep purple potato surface complete, naturally after drying, be put in storeroom for subsequent use, storeroom humidity remains on 20-25%, and temperature is constant temperature 4 DEG C, and storeroom is in the shade, when storeroom humidity is higher than 20-25%, door of storage room need be opened and ventilate, when storeroom humidity is lower than 20-25%, adopt the mode humidification of sprinkle water and spray, water is spread on storeroom sidewall during sprinkle water and spray.
By the purple potato that said method is planted, per mu yield comparatively conventional method improves about about 10.37%, and be 2000-2500kg/ mu according to current average rate, unit price is that 9 yuan/kg calculates, and can increase income about 1866.6-2333.25 unit, planting benefit increases income obviously; In addition, from the purple potato of the maturation of results, choose arbitrarily a ganoid purple potato, after incision, observe potato meat darkviolet, density is tight, and content of starch reaches 16-17%, mouthfeel fragrant face quality better.
The foregoing is only preferred embodiment of the present invention, not in order to limit the present invention, all any amendments done within the spirit and principles in the present invention, equivalent replacement or improvement etc., all should be included within protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (7)
1. the plastic film of purple potato and a cultivation method, it is characterized in that, the method comprises the following steps:
(1) purple potato plastic film: the last ten-days period in March, after minimum temperature is round the clock higher than 5 DEG C, from storeroom, choose weight is 50-80g/, the unabroken potato seed in surface, surface is dried after cleaning naturally, potato seed after drying is two sections of stem tubers along middle rip cutting, every section of stem tuber is immersed in the ABT rooting powder solution that concentration is 5-8mg/kg in vertical section level mode down respectively, the degree of depth that stem tuber vertical section immerses in ABT rooting powder solution is 1.5-2.5cm, soak time is 45min, after immersion terminates, being taken out by stem tuber inserts in indoor seedbed, the plantation space of each stem tuber is 15 × 20cm
2, stem tuber surface coverage thickness is 3-5cm and contains the soil of Nutrition Soil, soil interior humidity is suitable for, soil surface sprays ABT rooting powder solution, spray ABT rooting powder solution concentration be 15mg/kg, spray ABT rooting powder solution consumption be 10kg/ mu/time, an ABT rooting powder solution is sprayed at interval of 2h, amount to after spraying three times continuously, get mulch film the potato seed stem tuber on seedbed and seedbed is covered completely, the compacting of mulch film surrounding, every 3-5 days, humidity is kept to be 80%-90% to sprinkle water and spray in seedbed, simultaneously in mulch film surface coverage withered grass or the insulation of careless felt, sprinkle water and spray moisturizing is operated to potato seed stem tuber and sprouts end, take down after sprouting on mulch film is incubated with withered grass or careless felt simultaneously,
(2) purple potato young shoot management: after potato seed stem tuber starts to sprout, the place's mulch film that will sprout is torn and is convenient to shoot growth, adopting in addition by concentration is that the mixed solution that the ABT rooting powder solution of 5-8mg/kg and the paclobutrazol pulvis of 6-8mg/kg form according to the ratio of 1:1.2 sprays medicine to young shoot, spray value be 5kg/ mu/time, spray medicine once every three days, to seedbed the bud ratio of stem tuber reach 95% and above time, stop spray medicine, now remove the mulch film on seedbed, and the stem tuber that will sprout takes out from seedbed;
(3) purple growth of potato sets: after the stem tuber that will sprout carefully takes out from seedbed, choose maximum young shoot height in stem tuber more than 5cm as potato seed stem tuber, only retain the maximum young shoot of 1-2 root in each potato seed stem tuber, be of a size of 30 × 30cm according to the plantation of each stem tuber
2plant in field, organic fertilizer in field soil, cut weeds, deinsectization, during plantation stem tuber, field soil humidity is 30-50%, temperature be 8 DEG C and more than, after the good purple potato tubers of plantation, when temperature is lower than 8 DEG C, potato seed stem tuber young shoot surface is added a cover thickness and is the careless felt of 2-3cm and the humidity of careless felt is 45%, the 5 PM of every day to next day morning 8 between use the auxiliary insulation of careless felt, when daytime temperature is higher than 12 DEG C, open careless felt, concentration is now adopted to be that the rooting powder solution of 15mg/kg is to stem tuber young shoot atomization spray medicine, at interval of 2-3 days spray medicines once, after continuous spraying medicine three times, take away careless felt now young shoot grown up to highly for about 10cm seedling, no longer need the auxiliary insulation of careless felt, start the next day taken down after careless felt, noon every day 9-10 point, to the moisturizing of purple potato seedling sprinkle water and spray, every watering moisturizing in three days once, next day simultaneously after each watering moisturizing, spraying by concentration seedling is the naphthalene acid solution of 3-5mg/kg, concentration is 3.5mg/kg aspirin solution, concentration is the mixed solution that the refined sugar solution of 1.5mg/kg forms according to the ratio of 5:1.2:2, adopt 3.5kg/ mu/time mixed solution consumption to purple potato seedling spray medicine, accumulative watering moisturizing five times continuously and after spray medicine five times, stop watering moisturizing operation, now starting to spray by concentration on seedling is the naphthalene acid solution of 6-8mg/kg, concentration is the admixing medical solutions that 2mg/kg aspirin solution forms according to the ratio of 1:1, the spray value of admixing medical solutions is 2kg/ mu, the spray liquid time be between 10-14 point at noon and temperature is greater than 15 DEG C time, spray the cycle of admixing medical solutions according to the frequency of every 3 days/time, end cycle after accumulative spray medicine 3 times,
(4) purple potato growth: after spraying admixing medical solutions end cycle, interval 10-15 days, rainy weather is selected to spray paclobutrazol pulvis 30-40g/ mu to the root of seedling, paclobutrazol pulvis is made to flow into seedling root by rainwater, promote purple potato root development, root to seedling is taked at interval of 2-3 days, spray the mode of a paclobutrazol pulvis, accumulative sprinkling paclobutrazol pulvis 4 times, and from second time is sprayed, the consumption of paclobutrazol pulvis increases progressively 15g/ time successively, after the operation of spraying paclobutrazol pulvis terminates 5 days, employing concentration is the compound sodium nitrophenolate solution of 15-20mg/kg, the alcohol milk powder solution that rues of 10-20mg/kg shakes up composition admixing medical solutions according to the ratio mixing of 1:1.5, field spray liquid consumption is 10kg/ mu, liquid adopts the mode of atomized spray to be sprayed on purple potato young shoot and bud-leaf, after 5-7 days, again spray the admixing medical solutions of same dose and component, after 10 days, employing concentration is the compound sodium nitrophenolate solution of 20mg/kg, the DA-6 solution of rue alcohol milk powder solution and the 30mg/kg of 20mg/kg is mixed into growth liquid according to the ratio of 1:1.2:1.5, the consumption of growth liquid is 15kg/ mu, spraying number of times is 1 time, in addition, during growth of seedling, pre-preventing disease and pest occurs in time, and remove weeds in field in time, adopt during artificial field weeding and avoid damaging seedling,
(5) purple potato harvest: when after purple potato maturation, dig out from field, removes the earth on purple potato surface, removes the skin avoiding during mud damaging purple potato surface, keeps purple potato surface complete, after naturally drying, is put in storeroom for subsequent use.
2. the plastic film of a kind of purple potato according to claim 1 and cultivation method, it is characterized in that, in the purple potato young shoot management of described step (2), after at every turn mixed solution being sprayed to young shoot, add a cover the withered grass of insulation or careless felt on mulch film surface, make the young shoot temperature in mulch film maintain 5 DEG C and more than, withered grass or careless felt surface are by atomization watering moisturizing, the humidity of withered grass or careless felt is made to be 30%, when young shoot temperature reduces, by being incubated to withered grass or careless felt surface sprinkling warm water.
3. the plastic film of a kind of purple potato according to claim 1 and 2 and cultivation method, it is characterized in that, after described step (5) purple potato harvest, storeroom humidity remains on 20-25%, and temperature is constant temperature 4 DEG C, and storeroom is in the shade.
4. the plastic film of a kind of purple potato according to claim 3 and cultivation method, it is characterized in that, when storeroom humidity is higher than 20-25%, door of storage room need be opened ventilate, when storeroom humidity is lower than 20-25%, adopt the mode humidification of sprinkle water and spray, water is spread on storeroom sidewall during sprinkle water and spray.
5. the plastic film of a kind of purple potato according to claim 1 and cultivation method, it is characterized in that, in described step (3) purple growth of potato sets, choose maximum young shoot height in stem tuber more than 5cm as potato seed stem tuber time, when stem tuber there being the young shoot of more than 2 and 2, only retain 1-2 maximum young shoot and the young shoot retained needs vertically grow upward, during plantation, by potato seed stem tuber with young shoot mode kind upward in field.
6. the plastic film of a kind of purple potato according to claim 1 and cultivation method, it is characterized in that, adopting by concentration in described step (2) is that the ABT rooting powder solution of 7mg/kg and the paclobutrazol pulvis of 6.5mg/kg form mixed solution according to the ratio of 1:1.2.
7. the plastic film of a kind of purple potato according to claim 1 and cultivation method, it is characterized in that, in described step (1) during purple potato plastic film, the soil 1-2 days before use containing Nutrition Soil of stem tuber surface coverage, need to ventilate in advance airing, avoid Nutrition Soil damp and mouldy, affect stem tuber primary growth.
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| CN106034634A (en) * | 2016-05-31 | 2016-10-26 | 李秀云 | Planting technology of carrots free from pesticide residues |
| CN106034642A (en) * | 2016-05-31 | 2016-10-26 | 张敏 | High-efficient white radish planting method |
| CN106034641A (en) * | 2016-05-31 | 2016-10-26 | 张敏 | Seedling culturing and planting technology of summer radishes |
| CN106069021A (en) * | 2016-06-17 | 2016-11-09 | 枞阳县白云生态园林有限责任公司 | A kind of method utilizing Fructus Trichosanthis tuber quickly breeding high-quality seedling |
| CN106105945A (en) * | 2016-06-24 | 2016-11-16 | 刘桂春 | A kind of high efficiency seedling cultivating plantation technique of ginkgo |
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| CN103329708A (en) * | 2013-06-27 | 2013-10-02 | 江苏岩藤农业发展有限公司 | Color potato cultivation method |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN106034634A (en) * | 2016-05-31 | 2016-10-26 | 李秀云 | Planting technology of carrots free from pesticide residues |
| CN106034642A (en) * | 2016-05-31 | 2016-10-26 | 张敏 | High-efficient white radish planting method |
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| CN106105945A (en) * | 2016-06-24 | 2016-11-16 | 刘桂春 | A kind of high efficiency seedling cultivating plantation technique of ginkgo |
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