CN105340417B - A kind of propagation method of new varieties red autumnal leaves Chinese pistache - Google Patents
A kind of propagation method of new varieties red autumnal leaves Chinese pistache Download PDFInfo
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- CN105340417B CN105340417B CN201510744364.5A CN201510744364A CN105340417B CN 105340417 B CN105340417 B CN 105340417B CN 201510744364 A CN201510744364 A CN 201510744364A CN 105340417 B CN105340417 B CN 105340417B
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01C—PLANTING; SOWING; FERTILISING
- A01C1/00—Apparatus, or methods of use thereof, for testing or treating seed, roots, or the like, prior to sowing or planting
- A01C1/02—Germinating apparatus; Determining germination capacity of seeds or the like
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G17/00—Cultivation of hops, vines, fruit trees, or like trees
- A01G17/005—Cultivation methods
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Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of propagation method of new varieties red autumnal leaves Chinese pistache, including：Refrigerated after the seed drying of collection, auxin solution immersion germination seed；Sterilizing is carried out to the seed of sprouting and seedbed using fungicide, while sterilizing is carried out to seedling.Low-temperature preservation, auxin solution immersion germination seed, the germination rate of seed are improved to 10~15% from 1~3% after seed drying after the present invention preferably introduces a collection, collection.Sterilizing is carried out to the seed of sprouting and seedbed using fungicide, while sterilizing is carried out to seedling so that the planting percent of seedling is improved to 80~90% from 20~30%.The methyl α-naphthyl acetate and gibberellin that the present invention uses have the function of breaking vegetable seeds dormancy and promote seed to sprout, and method is simple, easy to operate, improves germination rate.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to technical field of plant propagation, more particularly to a kind of propagation method of new varieties red autumnal leaves Chinese pistache.
Background technology
The garden plants of Sichuan province are more based on green, although Si Ji Chang Green, lack change, especially lack color
Leaf plant, gardens department are intended to introducing and planting color leafed plants, the diversity of enhancing landscape always.Attempt from other ground both at home and abroad
Area introduces a fine variety existing color leafed plants and is planted experimentally in areas such as Chengdu, but failed.Red autumnal leaves Chinese pistache is from Anacardiaceae pistache
The ornamental plant new varieties selected in plant (Pistacia chinensis) wild variation, entitled " China is red ".Into
All Plain and West Sichuan Basin surrounding area well-grown, adaptability Strong.Especially low altitude area, low sunshine, Low Temperature Difference environment
With under weather conditions, the blades of Radix seu Folium Heliciae cochinchinensis can be changed into distinct red.Its ornamental value and landscape effect exceed common Acer and plant
Thing.This product plant is tall and big, and adult plants are up to 8-15 meters, 5-7 meters of hat width.Its growth speed exceedes the ginkgo with the age of tree.Cause
This, it may be used as fast-growing timber forests, play a role in afforestation and conceding the land to forestry area.In In Chengdu (height above sea level 500
Rice) plant experimentally several years after, it is found that its adaptability is very strong, to soil require it is not tight, this sapling is introduced a fine variety to Xichang (1400 meters of height above sea level),
Chongqing (270 meters of height above sea level), Aba Prefecture Li County (2000 meters of height above sea level), can become red, performance is good.Red autumnal leaves Chinese pistache can be
Sichuan and periphery province ,city and area promote, and can also be planted experimentally in In Middle And Lower Reaches of Changjiang River.The production system of the kind has built up at present.
But need to establish the nursery base of a modernization, so that high quality seedling is produced in industrialization in enormous quantities.
The current main modes of reproduction of " China is red " red autumnal leaves Chinese pistache is to pass through seed seedling-raising.Other propagation methods are such as transferred
Connect, because taking a lot of work, time-consuming, inconvenience is promoted.In addition, tissue culture technique is although feasible, but it is same time-consuming, and cost is very high,
Also cannot promote.Seminal propagation is currently the only feasible method, but existing method for culturing seedlings breeding potential is very low, and usual seed goes out
Slim rates only have 1-3%.Invasion and attack of the seedling to grow out by pest and disease damage, arid, waterlogging etc., actual planting percent is less than 1%.
The requirement of large-scale production cannot be reached completely.
The content of the invention
It is an object of the invention to provide a kind of propagation method of new varieties red autumnal leaves Chinese pistache, it is intended to solves existing breeding
The problem of cost is higher existing for method, time-consuming and laborious, low reproduction rate.
The present invention is achieved in that a kind of propagation method of new varieties red autumnal leaves Chinese pistache, the new varieties red autumnal leaves coptis
The propagation method of wood includes：Refrigerated after the seed drying gathered first, secondly auxin solution immersion germination seed；Then use
Fungicide carries out sterilizing to the seed of sprouting and seedbed, while carries out sterilizing to seedling.
Further, in 0~5 DEG C of temperature refrigeration to 2~April of second year.
Further, seed is placed in 18~22 DEG C of 80~120ppm's of methyl α-naphthyl acetate and concentration by 80~120ppm of concentration of temperature
Soaked 5~8 days in the auxin solution of gibberellin composition.
Further, the concentration of the methyl α-naphthyl acetate is 100ppm；The concentration of gibberellin is 100ppm.
Further, the seed after sprouting is placed in 500 times of 50% carbendazol wettable powder, 500 times of liquid or 50% thiophanate
20~30h is soaked in the fungicide of liquid.
Further, with 50% carbendazol wettable powder, 500 times of liquid or the fungicide of 50% 500 times of liquid of thiophanate before sowing
Nursery bed disinfection is sprayed, the seed after processing is then seeded in seedbed, then with sandy soil or rice straw mulching.
Further, when come up grow two panels true leaf when, sprinkling 50% carbendazol wettable powder, 800 times of liquid to seedling
Carry out sterilizing.
It is low after seed drying after the propagation method of new varieties red autumnal leaves Chinese pistache provided by the invention, preferably introduces a collection, collection
Warm preservation, auxin solution immersion germination seed, the germination rate of seed are improved to 10~15% from 1~3%.Using fungicide pair
The seed of sprouting and seedbed carry out sterilizing, while carry out sterilizing to seedling so that the planting percent of seedling from 20~
30% improves to 80~90%.The methyl α-naphthyl acetate and gibberellin that the present invention uses, which have, to be broken vegetable seeds dormancy and promotes seed to sprout
The function of hair, method is simple, easy to operate, improves germination rate.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the propagation method flow chart of new varieties red autumnal leaves Chinese pistache provided in an embodiment of the present invention.
Embodiment
In order to make the purpose , technical scheme and advantage of the present invention be clearer, with reference to embodiments, to the present invention
It is further elaborated.It should be appreciated that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the present invention, it is not used to
Limit the present invention.
The application principle of the present invention is further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.
As shown in Figure 1, the propagation method of the new varieties red autumnal leaves Chinese pistache of the embodiment of the present invention comprises the following steps：
S101：The collection and refrigeration of fruit：Red autumnal leaves Chinese pistache ripening fruits is gathered, after drying in 0~5 DEG C of refrigeration of temperature extremely
2~April of second year；
S102：The sprouting of seed：Fruit after refrigeration is rolled and filters out seed after removing pulp, then, seed is put
It is molten in the auxin that the gibberellin of 18~22 DEG C of 80~120ppm of methyl α-naphthyl acetate and concentration by 80~120ppm of concentration of temperature forms
Soaked 5~8 days in liquid；
S103：The disinfection of seed after sprouting：By the seed after sprouting be placed in 50% carbendazol wettable powder, 500 times of liquid or
20~30h is soaked in the fungicide of 50% 500 times of liquid of thiophanate；
S104：Sowing：Killing with 50% carbendazol wettable powder, 500 times of liquid or 50% thiophanate, 500 times of liquid before sowing
Microbial inoculum sprays nursery bed disinfection, the seed after step S103 processing then is seeded in seedbed, then with sandy soil or rice straw mulching.
When come up grow two panels true leaf when, sprinkling 50% carbendazol wettable powder, 800 times of liquid seedling is killed
Bacterium sterilizes.
The red autumnal leaves Chinese pistache ripening fruits is to choose robust plant, the fruit on solid full female plant early autumn.
Seedbed is sprayed so that the upper soll layer of 3~5cm of thickness drenches with fungicide before being sowed in step S104；Sandy soil or
The thickness of person's rice straw mulching is 2~3cm.
Seed after step S103 processing is seeded in seedbed by 2~3cm of spacing.
The application principle of the present invention is further described with reference to specific embodiment.
Embodiment 1：
The propagation method of the new varieties red autumnal leaves Chinese pistache of the embodiment of the present invention comprises the following steps：
Step 1, the collection and refrigeration of fruit：Red autumnal leaves Chinese pistache ripening fruits is gathered, in 0~5 DEG C of refrigeration of temperature after drying
To 2~April of second year；The seed of plant has a rest period, especially xylophyta.Refrigeration is exactly to be tided over not for them
The dormancy phase.Autumn adopts the seed to get off, if nursery then, they do not germinate, because their dormancy.Both just obstinately sowed,
Then winter approached, temperature reduce, also not out of seedling, are exactly Slim, can also freeze to death.So usually all it is in the second year spring
Its sowing.
Early autumn chooses robust plant, fruit ear fully ripe on solid full female plant, without by the seed in fruit ear and fruit
Meat separates, and will directly contain seed-bearing fruit ear drying to moisture and reach less than 15%.By dried seed deepfreeze
It can ensure that seed is in hibernation.
Step 2, the sprouting of seed：Fruit after refrigeration is rolled and filters out seed after removing pulp, then, by seed
It is placed in the auxin that the gibberellin of 18~22 DEG C of 80~120ppm of methyl α-naphthyl acetate and concentration by 80~120ppm of concentration of temperature forms
Soaked 5~8 days in solution；Concentration 80-120ppm is the empirical data obtained from experiment.Less than this concentration, do not work, it is high
In this concentration, there may be poisoning.
Auxin solution is only with methyl α-naphthyl acetate；Auxin solution is only with gibberellin；Auxin solution is by methyl α-naphthyl acetate and red
Mycin forms, and methyl α-naphthyl acetate and gibberellin have the function of breaking vegetable seeds dormancy and promote seed to sprout.
Methyl α-naphthyl acetate, abbreviation NAA, is a kind of organic compound, is a kind of colorless solid for being soluble in organic solvent, and structure is
No. 1 position of naphthalene is substituted with carboxymethyl, is usually used in the root of hair powder or rooting agent of commercialization, in the breeding of plant cuttage method and plant group
Knit and used in culture.The methyl α-naphthyl acetate of the content 95% of methyl α-naphthyl acetate in the present invention.The concentration ＜ of methyl α-naphthyl acetate in auxin solution
80ppm；As concentration ＞ 120ppm, therefore the concentration of methyl α-naphthyl acetate is that 80~120ppm is rational in auxin, is preferably naphthalene
The concentration of acetic acid is 100ppm.Gibberellin is commercially available conventional gibberellin, the gibberellin of gibberellin effective content 75%.Growth
The concentration ＜ 80ppm of gibberellin in plain solution；As concentration ＞ 120ppm, thus in auxin gibberellin concentration for 80~
120ppm is rational, and the concentration of preferably gibberellin is 100ppm.
Step 3, the disinfection of seed after sprouting：Seed after sprouting is placed in 50% carbendazol wettable powder, 500 times of liquid
Or 50% 500 times of liquid of thiophanate fungicide in soak 20~30h；
50% carbendazol wettable powder is commercially available conventional carbendazim, and 50% carbendazol wettable powder is sold more
Bacterium powder.50% 500 times of carbendazol wettable powder liquid is that one jin of 50% carbendazol wettable powder is watered 500 jin and obtains.
50% thiophanate is commercially available conventional thiophanate, such as 50% thiophanate, 500 times of liquid are one jin of 50% Tobes
Tianjin is watered 500 jins and obtains.
Step 4, sowing：With 500 times of liquid of 50% carbendazol wettable powder, 500 times of liquid or 50% thiophanate before sowing
Fungicide sprays nursery bed disinfection, and the seed after then step 3 is handled is seeded in seedbed, then with sandy soil or rice straw mulching.
Since the seedling of red autumnal leaves Chinese pistache is very fragile, easily susceptible death, therefore sow preceding wettable with 50% carbendazim
Property 500 times of liquid of 500 times of liquid of pulvis or 50% thiophanate fungicide sprinkling nursery bed disinfection, to soil carry out sterilizing, can prevent
Control the pest and disease damages such as damping-off, pure disease, blue or green tangerine disease.Seedbed is sprayed so that the upper soll layer of 3~5cm of thickness drenches with fungicide
It is advisable.At the same time in order to protect seedling, reduce the death rate of seedling, wait come up grow two panels true leaf when, spray bacterium more than 50%
Clever 800 times of liquid of wettable powder carry out sterilizing to seedling.
Embodiment 2：
A kind of propagation method of new varieties red autumnal leaves Chinese pistache, comprises the following steps：
Step 1, the collection and refrigeration of fruit：It is yellow that September then chooses robust plant, the red autumnal leaves on solid full female plant
Even wooden ripening fruits, it is dry after in 4 DEG C of refrigerations of temperature to second year March；
Step 2, the sprouting of seed：Fruit after refrigeration is rolled and filters out seed after removing pulp, then, by seed
It is placed in 20 DEG C of auxin solution being made of the methyl α-naphthyl acetate of concentration 100ppm and the gibberellin of concentration 100ppm of temperature and soaks 5
My god；
Step 3, the disinfection of seed after sprouting：Seed after sprouting is placed in 50% carbendazol wettable powder, 500 times of liquid
Or 50% 500 times of liquid of thiophanate fungicide in soak 24h；
Step 4, sowing：With 500 times of liquid of 50% carbendazol wettable powder, 500 times of liquid or 50% thiophanate before sowing
Fungicide sprays nursery bed disinfection so that the upper soll layer of 3~5cm of thickness drenches, between the seed after then step 3 is handled is pressed
Seedbed is seeded in away from 2~3cm, is then 2~3cm with sandy soil or rice straw mulching, its thickness.When coming up, to grow two panels true
Ye Shi, sprinkling 50% carbendazol wettable powder, 800 times of liquid carry out sterilizing to seedling.
The application effect of the present invention is further described by following experiment.
First, the difference and percentage of seedgermination of red autumnal leaves Chinese pistache fruit harvesting time：So-called regular situation refers to Sichuan hills
Regional autumn (nine -- the October), rainwater is more, and temperature is still higher, and the fruit of red autumnal leaves Chinese pistache is soaked by rainwater, easily
Rot, therefore cause healthy fruit there was only half or so.
Quality measurements after table 1, the routine picking of red autumnal leaves Chinese pistache fruit
| Investigate the time | Soak number of days | Soak fruit weight (gram) | Nigrescence fruit number (gram) | Healthy fruit (%) |
| 2005 | 3 | 460 | 180 | 60.87 |
| 2006 | 3 | 360 | 105 | 70.83 |
| 2007 | 3 | 400 | 250 | 37.50 |
| 2008 | 3 | 450 | 190 | 57.80 |
| It is average | 3 | 417.5 | 181.3 | 56.74 |
Seed germination experiment result in the good fruit of table 2, red autumnal leaves Chinese pistache
| Measure the time | The sand storage time (my god) | Sowing time | Sowing quantity (grain) | Chu Slim quantity (strain) | Chu Slim rates (%) |
| 2006 | 90 | 2006-03-28 | 415 | 43 | 10.4 |
| 2007 | 90 | 2007-04-01 | 634 | 55 | 8.7 |
| 2008 | 90 | 2008-04-03 | 252 | 25 | 9.9 |
| 2009 | 90 | 2009-03-29 | 152 | 41 | 26.9 |
| It is average | 90 | 229 | 40 | 14.0 |
Above-mentioned emergence rate is obtained from the good seed testing after the fruit for removing blackening, if using whole fruits as base
Count to calculate emergence rate, actual really emergence rate should be：14.0%x56.7%=7.9%.This is in potted plant experiment condition
Under obtained emergence rate, in nursery under conditions of scale breeding, the emergence rate actually obtained only has 1-5% or so because
In big field, seedling can be subject to arid, waterlogging, the influence that disease pest, birds and beasts are caused harm etc., and the emergence rate in field is also lower.
It is demonstrated experimentally that under the conditions of conventional picking, intact fruit only has half, the seed in these intact fruits,
Under the conditions of conventional seed planting, its emergence rate product has 7.9%.Under field condition, only 1-5%.The present invention technical advantages be：The mat woven of fine bamboo strips
One, it is in due course early to adopt, avoid rotting in the tree.The ratio of fruit is improved.The mat woven of fine bamboo strips two, (is used by the pretreatment to good fruit seed
Auximone soaks), improve the germination percentage of seed.3rd, managed by the carefulness after the sterilization processing in seedbed and emergence,
Improve planting percent.Therefore, carried by this three technology measure of the present invention, the percentage of seedgermination of red autumnal leaves Chinese pistache from 1-5%
Height arrives 10%-15%, this just effectively improves the breeding coefficient of red autumnal leaves Chinese pistache, so as to ensure normal production.
2nd, percentage of seedgermination of the red autumnal leaves Chinese pistache after the present invention is handled：According to experiment as a result, taking timely harvesting
The method of fruit, along with the method with ten tea acetic acid of auximone gibberellin immersion seed, improves the emergence rate of seed,
Up to 14.2%.This emergence rate is obtained in the case where not differentiated between fruit with bad fruit.Illustrate that the present invention's is effective
Property.
The percentage of seedgermination of table 3, red autumnal leaves Chinese pistache after the present invention is handled
| Measure the time | Auximone processing | Sowing time | Sowing quantity (grain) | Chu Slim quantity (strain) | Chu Slim rates (%) |
| 2010 | Ten methyl α-naphthyl acetate of gibberellin | 2010-03-31 | 515 | 69 | 13.4 |
| 2011 | Ten methyl α-naphthyl acetate of gibberellin | 2011-04-05 | 654 | 75 | 13.5 |
| 2012 | Ten methyl α-naphthyl acetate of gibberellin | 2012-04-09 | 352 | 55 | 15.6 |
| It is average | Ten methyl α-naphthyl acetate of gibberellin | 507 | 66 | 14.2 |
Annotation：1st, gibberellin and methyl α-naphthyl acetate are to be prepared respectively by 100ppm concentration.The two mixes use.Gibberellin
Effective content 75%, methyl α-naphthyl acetate content 95%.
2nd, soaking time 3 days, are after planting covered with straw curtain, or sunshade net covering, are emerged after one week or 10 days.
3rd, the processing and the management in seeding stage of red autumnal leaves Chinese pistache Bo Zhong Slim, the seedling of red autumnal leaves Chinese pistache is very fragile, pole
Susceptible die of illness is died.Major Diseases are damping-offs, and disease, blue or green tangerine are sick for essence.The preceding seedbed of sowing is used to spray carbendazim (with upper soll layer
3 cm thicks drench as degree) and seed greatly reduce with the method that carbendazim soaks the death rate of seedling.After You Slim are unearthed,
In order to protect seedling, when two panels true leaf is grown, then a carbendazim solution is sprayed, concentration is 800 times of liquid.
Table 4, red autumnal leaves Chinese pistache seedbed and seed go out mattress rate after fungicide is handled
| Measure the time | Fungicide processing | Sowing time | Sowing quantity (grain) | Chu Slim quantity (strain) | Chu Slim rates (%) |
| 2010 | Carbendazim solution (500 times) | 2010-03-31 | 615 | 504 | 82.0 |
| Compare (water spray) | 2010-03-31 | 615 | 117 | 19.0 | |
| 2011 | Carbendazim solution (500 times) | 2011-04-05 | 654 | 595 | 91.0 |
| Compare (water spray) | 2011-04-05 | 654 | 146 | 22.0 |
Annotation：1st, carbendazim can also be used using 50% wettable powder, other fungicide such as thiophanate etc..2nd, use
In seedbed sprinkling carbendazim solution be 500 times of liquid.The concentration of immersion seed is identical, and soaking time is diel.3rd, treat
Seed broadcasted sowing on seedbed, 2-3 centimetres of the spacing of every seed.After planting covered with sandy soil, 2 centimetres of thickness.
The foregoing is merely illustrative of the preferred embodiments of the present invention, is not intended to limit the invention, all essences in the present invention
All any modification, equivalent and improvement made within refreshing and principle etc., should all be included in the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (5)
1. a kind of propagation method of red autumnal leaves Chinese pistache, it is characterised in that the propagation method of the red autumnal leaves Chinese pistache includes：
Refrigerated after the seed drying of collection；In 0~5 DEG C of temperature refrigeration to 2~April of second year；
Auxin solution soaks germination seed；Seed is placed in 18~22 DEG C of methyl α-naphthyl acetates and concentration by 80~120ppm of concentration of temperature
Soaked 5~8 days in the auxin solution of the gibberellin composition of 80~120ppm；
Sterilizing is carried out to the seed of sprouting and seedbed using fungicide, while sterilizing is carried out to seedling.
2. the propagation method of red autumnal leaves Chinese pistache as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that the concentration of the methyl α-naphthyl acetate is
100ppm；The concentration of gibberellin is 100ppm.
3. the propagation method of red autumnal leaves Chinese pistache as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that the seed after sprouting is placed in 50%
20~30h is soaked in the fungicide of 500 times of liquid of carbendazol wettable powder or 50% 500 times of liquid of thiophanate.
4. the propagation method of red autumnal leaves Chinese pistache as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that wettable with 50% carbendazim before sowing
Property 500 times of liquid of 500 times of liquid of pulvis or 50% thiophanate fungicide sprinkling nursery bed disinfection, then the seed after processing is seeded in
Seedbed, then with sandy soil or rice straw mulching.
5. the propagation method of red autumnal leaves Chinese pistache as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that grow two panels true leaf when coming up
When, sprinkling 50% carbendazol wettable powder, 800 times of liquid carry out sterilizing to seedling.
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| CN107318332A (en) * | 2016-04-29 | 2017-11-07 | 湖南省新贵园农业科技发展有限公司 | A kind of fertilizing method of Chinese pistache |
| CN106212180A (en) * | 2016-08-01 | 2016-12-14 | 上海应用技术学院 | The artificial raise seedling method in endangered plants big fruit Qinggang |
| CN106852248A (en) * | 2016-11-24 | 2017-06-16 | 蚌埠市宗洼草鸡养殖农民专业合作社 | A kind of prevention and controls of Monstera deliciosa leaf spot |
| CN108781818A (en) * | 2018-02-06 | 2018-11-13 | 安徽新安古建园林建设股份有限公司 | A kind of high efficiency seedling cultivating method of Chinese pistache nursery stock |
| CN108966741B (en) * | 2018-08-16 | 2021-06-18 | 武汉市农业科学院 | Method for improving germination rate and accelerating germination of Japanese Rhus succedanea seeds |
| CN115039621B (en) * | 2022-06-09 | 2024-05-28 | 深圳市仙湖植物园(深圳市园林研究中心) | Propagation method of Chinese careless flower seedlings |
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|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN1046258A (en) * | 1990-05-15 | 1990-10-24 | 朱有平 | Method for quick germination of zoysia japonica seeds |
| CN1557118A (en) * | 2004-02-13 | 2004-12-29 | 沈阳农业大学 | Araliaceae plant Aralia elata, Aralia continentalis ditagawa seed germinator and germination method |
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