CN105325250A - Planting technology of carya illinoensis - Google Patents
Planting technology of carya illinoensis Download PDFInfo
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- CN105325250A CN105325250A CN201510779973.4A CN201510779973A CN105325250A CN 105325250 A CN105325250 A CN 105325250A CN 201510779973 A CN201510779973 A CN 201510779973A CN 105325250 A CN105325250 A CN 105325250A
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G17/00—Cultivation of hops, vines, fruit trees, or like trees
- A01G17/005—Cultivation methods
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01B—SOIL WORKING IN AGRICULTURE OR FORESTRY; PARTS, DETAILS, OR ACCESSORIES OF AGRICULTURAL MACHINES OR IMPLEMENTS, IN GENERAL
- A01B79/00—Methods for working soil
- A01B79/02—Methods for working soil combined with other agricultural processing, e.g. fertilising, planting
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G2/00—Vegetative propagation
- A01G2/30—Grafting
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Abstract
The invention discloses a seedling culturing and planting technology of carya illinoensis and relates to the field of planting of fruit trees. The planting method comprises the following steps: (1) constructing a foundation; (2) accelerating germination and breeding; (3) grafting; (4) managing grafted seedlings; and (5) carrying out field management. By reasonably selecting carya illinoensis breeding, grafting and after-survival management methods, a lot of high-quality seedlings are obtained and sufficient nutrient supply of stocks is guaranteed; the time of breeding nursery stocks through a grafting technology is greatly shortened; dwarfing and shorted juvenile phases of walnut trees are realized and the walnut trees are fruited in advance.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to planting fruit trees field, be specifically related to a kind of apocarya seedling cultivation technology.
Background technology
Apocarya has another name called pecan tree, is a kind in Juglandaceae, hickory.Originating in the U.S. and Mexico, is one of important in the world oil plant dry fruit tree variety, and the thin easy stripping of its shell, kernel is plump, taste is fragrant good to eat, has higher nutritive value.Trunk leads to straight, tree-like grace, well established and vigorously developing, is to turn the four sides green and the fine tree species of ornamental plantation.The simultaneously tough and tensile densification of timber, heartwood is dark red, sapwood is yellowish-white, full of elasticity, not yielding and cracking, is the fine timber tree species such as building, noble furniture.Therefore, apocarya is that purposes is wide, the obvious excellent economic tree of benefit period length, high financial profit, social benefit and ecological benefits.
China starts from 20 beginnings of the century the introducing and planting carrying out apocarya, but because its result is slow, be applicable to the factors such as the improved seeds shortage of various places, causes the plantation critical constraints of apocarya.Although and the apocarya seed spring, Qiu Junke sowing, be no matter sow in spring or autumn sowing, seed is easily gnawed by mouse, bird.Sometimes weather arid, seed dehydration, emergence rate is low, and adding that annual seedling is difficult to reach can the degree of grafting, poor growth.In order to the process making apocarya set foot on improved variety, base construction as early as possible, while breeding vernalization is cultivated, set about carrying out stock grafting research of technique, but because graft survival rate is not high, supply falls short of demand to cause grafting, therefore, seedling have to be cultivated, but seedling exists, and operation is slow, nut is little, the defects such as bad adaptability, market is out of favour, and the key factor therefore restricting development has two, a room lacks sufficient improved seeds nursery stock, and another is the culture technique lacking scientific system.
Summary of the invention
(1) technical problem solved
For the deficiency that prior art exists, the present invention passes through apocarya breeding, grafting and the reasonable selection surviving rear management method, provide a kind of seedling raise period short, the apocarya seedling cultivation technology that graft survival rate is high, effectively can solve the problem of apocarya shortage of resources.
(2) technical scheme
For realizing above object, the present invention is achieved by the following technical programs:
A kind of apocarya seedling cultivation technology, comprises the following steps:
(1) construction of base: the selection content of organic matter is 45-60%, thickness of soil is that the soil of 40-60cm is as base, and quicklime is sprinkled in soil, the consumption of quicklime is every mu of 105-140kg, after having spread quicklime, river sand is adopted to cover quicklime surface again, river sand cladding thickness is 1-3cm, the granularity of river sand is 60-80 order, to be covered complete after, again to its surface sprinkling clear water, the amount of spray water is the 10-25% of quicklime weight, and adopt plastic mulching process 10-20 days, subsequently soil is ploughed process, the degree of depth of ploughing is 25-50cm, harrow nail is adopted to carry out playing rake process to digging the soil come, soil is made to be harrowed carefully, in the process of ploughing, chicken manure is adopted to add 150-300kg according to every mu, after mixing, obtain base, carry out ridge process to base subsequently, the specification on ridge is every mu of 140-380 ridge, and ridge height is 25-45cm, the ditch formed between ridge and ridge is 1-2.1m, then carries out from the top on ridge process of digging pit, and the spacing between hole and hole is 1-2m, hole is circular pit, and its diameter is 30-40cm, and the degree of depth is 25-40cm,
(2) vernalization breeding: apocarya seed is adopted Hui Houjing and floated screening clearly, remove flat grain, invade with cold water subsequently and plant 4 days, change water every day once, invade after planting and the surface of the seed moisture is dried then deepfreeze, undertaken by sand and seed 2:1 ~ 3:1, temperature is 5-10 DEG C, humidity is agglomerating for holding, and namely hand pine falls apart, and the time is 60 days; Invade bubble seed 20-25 hour with 200mg/LGA3+20mg/L6-BA, the Walnut Seed through invading bubble is carried out vernalization, and be transplanted in container by the Walnut Seed of germination, containers size is 13 × 22cm; Shifted out by container seedling subsequently, forward in the hole, base of step (1), compression process is carried out in hole around, adopts base manure to cover in the hole do not filled up, makes base manure fill up hole, then it is thick to adopt field mud to cover surface, base 0.5-1cm.
(3) grafting: comprise stock process, in the season of growth, the current-year branch gathering grow healthy and strong lignification or semi-lignified, as scion branch, removes compound leaf, stays 2-3cm to come into leaves handle, inundation 6-12 hour; In each horizontal partial application in top and bottom of buddering, each vertical partial application in both sides of buddering, otch is connected in length and breadth, sows bud sheet gently; In stock distance, 12-17cm place, ground selects a shiny surface, and take off the stock bark similar to bud sheet size in the same way, stick rapidly and budder, tie up from top to bottom sternly tighten with plastic strip, more than stock interface stay 1-3 sheet leaf to cut anvil, interface inferior leads all removes;
(4) grafting management: connect after a rear 7-10 days wound heals substantially and water 1 time, and stock rudiment of erasing, short growth of buddering; Within 30-35 days, remove bondage thing, grafting completes; Whole process all will carry out water and fertilizer management and the extermination of disease and insect pest;
(5) field management: timely intertill and clean tillage after seedling all sprouts, and impose urea, every mu of 10-20 jin, fertilizing method is ditching-fertilizing, waters in time after fertilising; The fertilising of treelet is executed as principle with Bao Shiqin, just starts to execute people and animals' fecaluria, before young sprout is extracted out and turn green and respectively execute phosphate fertilizer once afterwards; After November, plant strain growth is slow, and every strain imposes 10kg and to become thoroughly decomposed poultry muck, to strengthen tree vigo(u)r and to improve cold hardiness; Firstfruits is set every strain and is imposed composite fertilizer 0.5kg, after entering the full bearing period, and strain nitrogen fertilizer application and potash fertilizer 0.5kg; For improving Second Year annual production, strengthening tree vigo(u)r, improving cold hardiness, reduce fallen leaves in winter, impose a fertilizer December, manure of livestock and poultry farmyard manure 20-30kg is executed in every strain.
Preferably, the base manure of described step (2), its preparation method is 1:1 mix after with natural pond liquid according to quality proportioning by cow dung, send into fermentation vat and carry out 40-50 DEG C of ferment at constant temperature process 20-30min, add chicken manure wherein again, chicken manure consumption is the half of cow dung, mixing speed is adopted to be 100-200r/min stir process 20-30min, add wormcast wherein again, river sand, yellow mud, Chinese medicine slag, wormcast consumption is the half of chicken manure, river sand consumption is equal with chicken manure consumption, yellow mud consumption is equal with cow dung consumption, Chinese medicine slag consumption is the twice of yellow mud, and after the addition is complete, adopt 1000-3000r/min stir process 1-3h again, base manure can be obtained.
Preferably, the water and fertilizer management of described step (4), its basic fertilizer is the chicken manure through becoming thoroughly decomposed, consumption is 500kg/ mu, water is filled with and is adopted furrow irrigation, and the number of times of furrow irrigation is determined according to local rainfall, and within 10 days, rainfall is no more than 20mm, irrigate once, make the water yield in soil be not less than 60% all the time; Spraying 2 concentration in July and August is the GA3 of 200ppm.
Preferably, gingko episperm, monkshood, evergreen, chenopodium ambrosiodies, rhizome of cyrtomium, the root bark of tree peony and Cortex cercis chinensis add in the water of 2 times of weight to decoct 1 hour by the preparation method of the pest control chemicals of described step (4) respectively, then cooling naturally; Filter, all extracts are merged, then adds in the ethanol of 40%, leave standstill 24 hours; Continue the ethanol adding 95% subsequently, leave standstill 48 hours; Products therefrom is reclaimed ethanol, and filtering precipitates, and namely residue dilute with water 300 doubly obtains finished product.
(3) beneficial effect
The invention provides a kind of apocarya seedling cultivation technology, compared with prior art, the present invention has following beneficial effect:
1, the present invention passes through apocarya breeding, grafting and the reasonable selection surviving rear management method, not only obtain a large amount of high-quality seedlings, ensure that the sufficient nutrition supply of stock, substantially reduce the time of being carried out seedling-wood breeding by graft technology, and make walnut body realize dwarfing, shortening the juvenile phase, result ahead of time.
2, by the process to apocarya plantation base, base is made to be suitable for the growing environment of walnut, and by process of ploughing to walnut base, reduce the rate that hardens on walnut base, improve the long-term sponginess in base, and then facilitate the growth of walnut, further facilitate the Nutrient Absorption of walnut, improve walnut quality, improve the quality of Walnut and mouthfeel.
Embodiment
For making the object of the embodiment of the present invention, technical scheme and advantage clearly, below in conjunction with the embodiment of the present invention, the technical scheme in the embodiment of the present invention is clearly and completely described, obviously, described embodiment is the present invention's part embodiment, instead of whole embodiments.Based on the embodiment in the present invention, those of ordinary skill in the art, not making the every other embodiment obtained under creative work prerequisite, belong to the scope of protection of the invention.
Embodiment 1:
The present embodiment apocarya seedling cultivation technology, comprises the following steps:
(1) construction of base: select the content of organic matter to be 45%, thickness of soil is that the soil of 45cm is as base, and quicklime is sprinkled in soil, the consumption of quicklime is every mu of 105kg, after having spread quicklime, river sand is adopted to cover quicklime surface again, river sand cladding thickness is 2cm, the granularity of river sand is 60-80 order, to be covered complete after, again to its surface sprinkling clear water, the amount of spray water is 20% of quicklime weight, and adopt plastic mulching process 15 days, subsequently soil is ploughed process, the degree of depth of ploughing is 30cm, harrow nail is adopted to carry out playing rake process to digging the soil come, soil is made to be harrowed carefully, in the process of ploughing, chicken manure is adopted to add 200kg according to every mu, after mixing, obtain base, carry out ridge process to base subsequently, the specification on ridge is every mu of 240 ridges, and ridge height is 28cm, and the ditch formed between ridge and ridge is 2m, then carries out from the top on ridge process of digging pit, and the spacing between hole and hole is 1m, and cheat as circular pit, its diameter is 30cm, and the degree of depth is 25cm,
(2) vernalization breeding: apocarya seed is adopted Hui Houjing and floated screening clearly, remove flat grain, invade with cold water subsequently and plant 4 days, change water every day once, invade after planting and the surface of the seed moisture is dried then deepfreeze, undertaken by sand and seed 2:1, temperature is 8 DEG C, humidity is agglomerating for holding, and namely hand pine falls apart, and the time is 60 days; Invade bubble seed 20 hours with 200mg/LGA3+20mg/L6-BA, the Walnut Seed through invading bubble is carried out vernalization, and be transplanted in container by the Walnut Seed of germination, containers size is 13 × 22cm; Shifted out by container seedling subsequently, forward in the hole, base of step (1), compression process is carried out in hole around, adopts base manure to cover in the hole do not filled up, makes base manure fill up hole, then it is thick to adopt field mud to cover surface, base 0.8cm.
(3) grafting: comprise stock process, in the season of growth, the current-year branch gathering grow healthy and strong lignification or semi-lignified, as scion branch, removes compound leaf, stays 2-3cm to come into leaves handle, inundation 8 hours; In each horizontal partial application in top and bottom of buddering, each vertical partial application in both sides of buddering, otch is connected in length and breadth, sows bud sheet gently; In stock distance, 15cm place, ground selects a shiny surface, and take off the stock bark similar to bud sheet size in the same way, stick rapidly and budder, tie up from top to bottom sternly tighten with plastic strip, more than stock interface stay 1-3 sheet leaf to cut anvil, interface inferior leads all removes;
(4) grafting management: connect after a rear 7-10 days wound heals substantially and water 1 time, and stock rudiment of erasing, short growth of buddering; Within 30-35 days, remove bondage thing, grafting completes; Whole process all will carry out water and fertilizer management and the extermination of disease and insect pest;
(5) field management: timely intertill and clean tillage after seedling all sprouts, and impose urea, 15 jin every mu, fertilizing method is ditching-fertilizing, waters in time after fertilising; The fertilising of treelet is executed as principle with Bao Shiqin, just starts to execute people and animals' fecaluria, before young sprout is extracted out and turn green and respectively execute phosphate fertilizer once afterwards; After November, plant strain growth is slow, and every strain imposes 10kg and to become thoroughly decomposed poultry muck, to strengthen tree vigo(u)r and to improve cold hardiness; Firstfruits is set every strain and is imposed composite fertilizer 0.5kg, after entering the full bearing period, and strain nitrogen fertilizer application and potash fertilizer 0.5kg; For improving Second Year annual production, strengthening tree vigo(u)r, improving cold hardiness, reduce fallen leaves in winter, impose a fertilizer December, manure of livestock and poultry farmyard manure 20kg is executed in every strain.
The base manure of step (2), its preparation method is 1:1 mix after with natural pond liquid according to quality proportioning by cow dung, send into fermentation vat and carry out 40 DEG C of ferment at constant temperature process 20min, add chicken manure wherein again, chicken manure consumption is the half of cow dung, mixing speed is adopted to be 100r/min stir process 20min, add wormcast wherein again, river sand, yellow mud, Chinese medicine slag, wormcast consumption is the half of chicken manure, river sand consumption is equal with chicken manure consumption, yellow mud consumption is equal with cow dung consumption, Chinese medicine slag consumption is the twice of yellow mud, and after the addition is complete, adopt 2000r/min stir process 1h again, base manure can be obtained.
The water and fertilizer management of step (4), its basic fertilizer is the chicken manure through becoming thoroughly decomposed, and consumption is 500kg/ mu, water is filled with and is adopted furrow irrigation, and the number of times of furrow irrigation is determined according to local rainfall, and within 10 days, rainfall is no more than 20mm, irrigate once, make the water yield in soil be not less than 60% all the time; Spraying 2 concentration in July and August is the GA3 of 200ppm.
Gingko episperm, monkshood, evergreen, chenopodium ambrosiodies, rhizome of cyrtomium, the root bark of tree peony and Cortex cercis chinensis add in the water of 2 times of weight to decoct 1 hour by the preparation method of the pest control chemicals of step (4) respectively, then cooling naturally; Filter, all extracts are merged, then adds in the ethanol of 40%, leave standstill 24 hours; Continue the ethanol adding 95% subsequently, leave standstill 48 hours; Products therefrom is reclaimed ethanol, and filtering precipitates, and namely residue dilute with water 300 doubly obtains finished product.
Embodiment 2:
The present embodiment apocarya seedling cultivation technology, comprises the following steps:
(1) construction of base: select the content of organic matter to be 60%, thickness of soil is that the soil of 60cm is as base, and quicklime is sprinkled in soil, the consumption of quicklime is every mu of 140kg, after having spread quicklime, river sand is adopted to cover quicklime surface again, river sand cladding thickness is 3cm, the granularity of river sand is 60-80 order, to be covered complete after, again to its surface sprinkling clear water, the amount of spray water is 25% of quicklime weight, and adopt plastic mulching process 20 days, subsequently soil is ploughed process, the degree of depth of ploughing is 40cm, harrow nail is adopted to carry out playing rake process to digging the soil come, soil is made to be harrowed carefully, in the process of ploughing, chicken manure is adopted to add 300kg according to every mu, after mixing, obtain base, carry out ridge process to base subsequently, the specification on ridge is every mu of 380 ridges, and ridge height is 35cm, and the ditch formed between ridge and ridge is 2.1m, then carries out from the top on ridge process of digging pit, and the spacing between hole and hole is 2m, and cheat as circular pit, its diameter is 30cm, and the degree of depth is 30cm,
(2) vernalization breeding: apocarya seed is adopted Hui Houjing and floated screening clearly, remove flat grain, invade with cold water subsequently and plant 4 days, change water every day once, invade after planting and the surface of the seed moisture is dried then deepfreeze, undertaken by sand and seed 3:1, temperature is 10 DEG C, humidity is agglomerating for holding, and namely hand pine falls apart, and the time is 60 days; Invade bubble seed 25 hours with 200mg/LGA3+20mg/L6-BA, the Walnut Seed through invading bubble is carried out vernalization, and be transplanted in container by the Walnut Seed of germination, containers size is 13 × 22cm; Shifted out by container seedling subsequently, forward in the hole, base of step (1), compression process is carried out in hole around, adopts base manure to cover in the hole do not filled up, makes base manure fill up hole, then it is thick to adopt field mud to cover surface, base 1cm.
(3) grafting: comprise stock process, in the season of growth, the current-year branch gathering grow healthy and strong lignification or semi-lignified, as scion branch, removes compound leaf, stays 2-3cm to come into leaves handle, inundation 12 hours; In each horizontal partial application in top and bottom of buddering, each vertical partial application in both sides of buddering, otch is connected in length and breadth, sows bud sheet gently; In stock distance, 17cm place, ground selects a shiny surface, and take off the stock bark similar to bud sheet size in the same way, stick rapidly and budder, tie up from top to bottom sternly tighten with plastic strip, more than stock interface stay 1-3 sheet leaf to cut anvil, interface inferior leads all removes;
(4) grafting management: connect after a rear 7-10 days wound heals substantially and water 1 time, and stock rudiment of erasing, short growth of buddering; Within 30-35 days, remove bondage thing, grafting completes; Whole process all will carry out water and fertilizer management and the extermination of disease and insect pest;
(5) field management: timely intertill and clean tillage after seedling all sprouts, and impose urea, 20 jin every mu, fertilizing method is ditching-fertilizing, waters in time after fertilising; The fertilising of treelet is executed as principle with Bao Shiqin, just starts to execute people and animals' fecaluria, before young sprout is extracted out and turn green and respectively execute phosphate fertilizer once afterwards; After November, plant strain growth is slow, and every strain imposes 10kg and to become thoroughly decomposed poultry muck, to strengthen tree vigo(u)r and to improve cold hardiness; Firstfruits is set every strain and is imposed composite fertilizer 0.5kg, after entering the full bearing period, and strain nitrogen fertilizer application and potash fertilizer 0.5kg; For improving Second Year annual production, strengthening tree vigo(u)r, improving cold hardiness, reduce fallen leaves in winter, impose a fertilizer December, manure of livestock and poultry farmyard manure 20-30kg is executed in every strain.
The base manure of step (2), its preparation method is 1:1 mix after with natural pond liquid according to quality proportioning by cow dung, send into fermentation vat and carry out 50 DEG C of ferment at constant temperature process 30min, add chicken manure wherein again, chicken manure consumption is the half of cow dung, mixing speed is adopted to be 200r/min stir process 30min, add wormcast wherein again, river sand, yellow mud, Chinese medicine slag, wormcast consumption is the half of chicken manure, river sand consumption is equal with chicken manure consumption, yellow mud consumption is equal with cow dung consumption, Chinese medicine slag consumption is the twice of yellow mud, and after the addition is complete, adopt 3000r/min stir process 3h again, base manure can be obtained.
The water and fertilizer management of step (4), its basic fertilizer is the chicken manure through becoming thoroughly decomposed, and consumption is 500kg/ mu, water is filled with and is adopted furrow irrigation, and the number of times of furrow irrigation is determined according to local rainfall, and within 10 days, rainfall is no more than 20mm, irrigate once, make the water yield in soil be not less than 60% all the time; Spraying 2 concentration in July and August is the GA3 of 200ppm.
Gingko episperm, monkshood, evergreen, chenopodium ambrosiodies, rhizome of cyrtomium, the root bark of tree peony and Cortex cercis chinensis add in the water of 2 times of weight to decoct 1 hour by the preparation method of the pest control chemicals of step (4) respectively, then cooling naturally; Filter, all extracts are merged, then adds in the ethanol of 40%, leave standstill 24 hours; Continue the ethanol adding 95% subsequently, leave standstill 48 hours; Products therefrom is reclaimed ethanol, and filtering precipitates, and namely residue dilute with water 300 doubly obtains finished product.
It should be noted that, in this article, the such as relational terms of first and second grades and so on is only used for an entity or operation to separate with another entity or operating space, and not necessarily requires or imply the relation that there is any this reality between these entities or operation or sequentially.And, term " comprises ", " comprising " or its any other variant are intended to contain comprising of nonexcludability, thus make to comprise the process of a series of key element, method, article or equipment and not only comprise those key elements, but also comprise other key elements clearly do not listed, or also comprise by the intrinsic key element of this process, method, article or equipment.When not more restrictions, the key element limited by statement " comprising ... ", and be not precluded within process, method, article or the equipment comprising described key element and also there is other identical element.
Above embodiment is only in order to illustrate technical scheme of the present invention, be not intended to limit, although with reference to previous embodiment to invention has been detailed description, those of ordinary skill in the art is to be understood that: it still can be modified to the technical scheme described in foregoing embodiments, or carries out equivalent replacement to wherein portion of techniques feature; And these amendments or replacement, do not make the essence of appropriate technical solution depart from the spirit and scope of various embodiments of the present invention technical scheme.
Claims (4)
1. an apocarya seedling cultivation technology, is characterized in that, comprises the following steps:
(1) construction of base: the selection content of organic matter is 45-60%, thickness of soil is that the soil of 40-60cm is as base, and quicklime is sprinkled in soil, the consumption of quicklime is every mu of 105-140kg, after having spread quicklime, river sand is adopted to cover quicklime surface again, river sand cladding thickness is 1-3cm, the granularity of river sand is 60-80 order, to be covered complete after, again to its surface sprinkling clear water, the amount of spray water is the 10-25% of quicklime weight, and adopt plastic mulching process 10-20 days, subsequently soil is ploughed process, the degree of depth of ploughing is 25-50cm, harrow nail is adopted to carry out playing rake process to digging the soil come, soil is made to be harrowed carefully, in the process of ploughing, chicken manure is adopted to add 150-300kg according to every mu, after mixing, obtain base, carry out ridge process to base subsequently, the specification on ridge is every mu of 140-380 ridge, and ridge height is 25-45cm, the ditch formed between ridge and ridge is 1-2.1m, then carries out from the top on ridge process of digging pit, and the spacing between hole and hole is 1-2m, hole is circular pit, and its diameter is 30-40cm, and the degree of depth is 25-40cm,
(2) vernalization breeding: apocarya seed is adopted Hui Houjing and floated screening clearly, remove flat grain, invade with cold water subsequently and plant 4 days, change water every day once, invade after planting and the surface of the seed moisture is dried then deepfreeze, undertaken by sand and seed 2:1 ~ 3:1, temperature is 5-10 DEG C, humidity is agglomerating for holding, and namely hand pine falls apart, and the time is 60 days; Invade bubble seed 20-25 hour with 200mg/LGA3+20mg/L6-BA, the Walnut Seed through invading bubble is carried out vernalization, and be transplanted in container by the Walnut Seed of germination, containers size is 13 × 22cm; Shifted out by container seedling subsequently, forward in the hole, base of step (1), compression process is carried out in hole around, adopts base manure to cover in the hole do not filled up, makes base manure fill up hole, then it is thick to adopt field mud to cover surface, base 0.5-1cm.
(3) grafting: comprise stock process, in the season of growth, the current-year branch gathering grow healthy and strong lignification or semi-lignified, as scion branch, removes compound leaf, stays 2-3cm to come into leaves handle, inundation 6-12 hour; In each horizontal partial application in top and bottom of buddering, each vertical partial application in both sides of buddering, otch is connected in length and breadth, sows bud sheet gently; In stock distance, 12-17cm place, ground selects a shiny surface, and take off the stock bark similar to bud sheet size in the same way, stick rapidly and budder, tie up from top to bottom sternly tighten with plastic strip, more than stock interface stay 1-3 sheet leaf to cut anvil, interface inferior leads all removes;
(4) grafting management: connect after a rear 7-10 days wound heals substantially and water 1 time, and stock rudiment of erasing, short growth of buddering; Within 30-35 days, remove bondage thing, grafting completes; Whole process all will carry out water and fertilizer management and the extermination of disease and insect pest;
(5) field management: timely intertill and clean tillage after seedling all sprouts, and impose urea, every mu of 10-20 jin, fertilizing method is ditching-fertilizing, waters in time after fertilising; The fertilising of treelet is executed as principle with Bao Shiqin, just starts to execute people and animals' fecaluria, before young sprout is extracted out and turn green and respectively execute phosphate fertilizer once afterwards; After November, plant strain growth is slow, and every strain imposes 10kg and to become thoroughly decomposed poultry muck, to strengthen tree vigo(u)r and to improve cold hardiness; Firstfruits is set every strain and is imposed composite fertilizer 0.5kg, after entering the full bearing period, and strain nitrogen fertilizer application and potash fertilizer 0.5kg; For improving Second Year annual production, strengthening tree vigo(u)r, improving cold hardiness, reduce fallen leaves in winter, impose a fertilizer December, manure of livestock and poultry farmyard manure 20-30kg is executed in every strain.
2. apocarya seedling cultivation technology according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, the base manure of described step (2), its preparation method is 1:1 mix after with natural pond liquid according to quality proportioning by cow dung, send into fermentation vat and carry out 40-50 DEG C of ferment at constant temperature process 20-30min, add chicken manure wherein again, chicken manure consumption is the half of cow dung, mixing speed is adopted to be 100-200r/min stir process 20-30min, add wormcast wherein again, river sand, yellow mud, Chinese medicine slag, wormcast consumption is the half of chicken manure, river sand consumption is equal with chicken manure consumption, yellow mud consumption is equal with cow dung consumption, Chinese medicine slag consumption is the twice of yellow mud, and after the addition is complete, adopt 1000-3000r/min stir process 1-3h again, base manure can be obtained.
3. apocarya seedling cultivation technology according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, the water and fertilizer management of described step (4), its basic fertilizer is the chicken manure through becoming thoroughly decomposed, and consumption is 500kg/ mu, and water is filled with and adopted furrow irrigation, the number of times of furrow irrigation is determined according to local rainfall, within 10 days, rainfall is no more than 20mm, irrigates once, makes the water yield in soil be not less than 60% all the time; Spraying 2 concentration in July and August is the GA3 of 200ppm.
4. apocarya seedling cultivation technology according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, gingko episperm, monkshood, evergreen, chenopodium ambrosiodies, rhizome of cyrtomium, the root bark of tree peony and Cortex cercis chinensis add in the water of 2 times of weight to decoct 1 hour by the preparation method of the pest control chemicals of described step (4) respectively, then cooling naturally; Filter, all extracts are merged, then adds in the ethanol of 40%, leave standstill 24 hours; Continue the ethanol adding 95% subsequently, leave standstill 48 hours; Products therefrom is reclaimed ethanol, and filtering precipitates, and namely residue dilute with water 300 doubly obtains finished product.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201510779973.4A CN105325250A (en) | 2015-11-12 | 2015-11-12 | Planting technology of carya illinoensis |
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Cited By (18)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN105580700A (en) * | 2016-03-02 | 2016-05-18 | 王春晓 | Apocarya spring sowing seedling culture method |
| CN105917888A (en) * | 2016-04-19 | 2016-09-07 | 和县天豪蔬菜种植家庭农场 | Environment-friendly greenhouse tomato planting method |
| CN106856711A (en) * | 2017-02-08 | 2017-06-20 | 江苏省林业科学研究院 | A kind of method for promoting apocarya seed quick-speed germination |
| CN107027523A (en) * | 2017-06-15 | 2017-08-11 | 合肥慧明瀚生态农业科技有限公司 | A kind of implantation methods of hickory nut |
| CN107926462A (en) * | 2017-12-18 | 2018-04-20 | 绩溪县万禾林业开发有限公司 | A kind of disease-resistant method for culturing seedlings of hickory nut |
| CN107996169A (en) * | 2018-01-24 | 2018-05-08 | 广西壮族自治区林业科学研究院 | A kind of walnut container seedling culture method |
| CN108040648A (en) * | 2017-12-18 | 2018-05-18 | 绩溪县万禾林业开发有限公司 | A kind of hickory grafting method |
| CN108093912A (en) * | 2017-12-15 | 2018-06-01 | 合肥欣和园苗木有限公司 | The engrafting method of actinidia tree |
| CN108299064A (en) * | 2017-08-28 | 2018-07-20 | 安徽太白庄园生态农业有限公司 | A kind of green fruit sand ground high-yield planting method |
| CN108432533A (en) * | 2018-03-01 | 2018-08-24 | 常州市金土地农牧科技服务有限公司 | A kind of implantation methods of apocarya |
| CN108605630A (en) * | 2018-04-17 | 2018-10-02 | 江苏省中国科学院植物研究所 | A kind of height of apocarya fruit material dual-purpose determines drying method |
| CN108718886A (en) * | 2018-06-02 | 2018-11-02 | 彭春剑 | A kind of implantation methods of apocarya |
| CN109197308A (en) * | 2018-07-24 | 2019-01-15 | 宾川县义新核桃专业合作社 | A kind of thin skin walnut high-yield planting method |
| CN109220282A (en) * | 2018-09-02 | 2019-01-18 | 杭州富阳飞博科技有限公司 | A kind of apocarya grafting and breeding method |
| CN109526506A (en) * | 2018-11-14 | 2019-03-29 | 广西壮族自治区农业科学院农业资源与环境研究所 | A kind of cultivation management method of Rocky Desertification Region walnut forest interplanting Chinese mahonia |
| CN110663427A (en) * | 2019-06-21 | 2020-01-10 | 南京绿宙薄壳山核桃科技有限公司 | Organic cultivation method for planting carya illinoensis by utilizing biogas slurry |
| CN112840938A (en) * | 2021-01-08 | 2021-05-28 | 北京亚林佳农生物科学研究院 | Large-scale rapid breeding method for pecan seedlings |
| CN112930744A (en) * | 2021-02-05 | 2021-06-11 | 广西壮族自治区农业科学院 | Method for improving ecological environment around walnut roots in stony desertification area |
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Cited By (20)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN105580700A (en) * | 2016-03-02 | 2016-05-18 | 王春晓 | Apocarya spring sowing seedling culture method |
| CN105917888A (en) * | 2016-04-19 | 2016-09-07 | 和县天豪蔬菜种植家庭农场 | Environment-friendly greenhouse tomato planting method |
| CN106856711A (en) * | 2017-02-08 | 2017-06-20 | 江苏省林业科学研究院 | A kind of method for promoting apocarya seed quick-speed germination |
| CN107027523A (en) * | 2017-06-15 | 2017-08-11 | 合肥慧明瀚生态农业科技有限公司 | A kind of implantation methods of hickory nut |
| CN108299064A (en) * | 2017-08-28 | 2018-07-20 | 安徽太白庄园生态农业有限公司 | A kind of green fruit sand ground high-yield planting method |
| CN108093912A (en) * | 2017-12-15 | 2018-06-01 | 合肥欣和园苗木有限公司 | The engrafting method of actinidia tree |
| CN107926462A (en) * | 2017-12-18 | 2018-04-20 | 绩溪县万禾林业开发有限公司 | A kind of disease-resistant method for culturing seedlings of hickory nut |
| CN108040648A (en) * | 2017-12-18 | 2018-05-18 | 绩溪县万禾林业开发有限公司 | A kind of hickory grafting method |
| CN107996169A (en) * | 2018-01-24 | 2018-05-08 | 广西壮族自治区林业科学研究院 | A kind of walnut container seedling culture method |
| CN108432533A (en) * | 2018-03-01 | 2018-08-24 | 常州市金土地农牧科技服务有限公司 | A kind of implantation methods of apocarya |
| CN108605630A (en) * | 2018-04-17 | 2018-10-02 | 江苏省中国科学院植物研究所 | A kind of height of apocarya fruit material dual-purpose determines drying method |
| CN108718886A (en) * | 2018-06-02 | 2018-11-02 | 彭春剑 | A kind of implantation methods of apocarya |
| CN109197308A (en) * | 2018-07-24 | 2019-01-15 | 宾川县义新核桃专业合作社 | A kind of thin skin walnut high-yield planting method |
| CN109220282A (en) * | 2018-09-02 | 2019-01-18 | 杭州富阳飞博科技有限公司 | A kind of apocarya grafting and breeding method |
| CN109220282B (en) * | 2018-09-02 | 2021-06-08 | 杭州富阳飞博科技有限公司 | Grafting breeding method for apocarya |
| CN109526506A (en) * | 2018-11-14 | 2019-03-29 | 广西壮族自治区农业科学院农业资源与环境研究所 | A kind of cultivation management method of Rocky Desertification Region walnut forest interplanting Chinese mahonia |
| CN109526506B (en) * | 2018-11-14 | 2020-10-02 | 广西壮族自治区农业科学院农业资源与环境研究所 | Cultivation management method for interplanting Chinese mahonia under walnut forest in stony desertification region |
| CN110663427A (en) * | 2019-06-21 | 2020-01-10 | 南京绿宙薄壳山核桃科技有限公司 | Organic cultivation method for planting carya illinoensis by utilizing biogas slurry |
| CN112840938A (en) * | 2021-01-08 | 2021-05-28 | 北京亚林佳农生物科学研究院 | Large-scale rapid breeding method for pecan seedlings |
| CN112930744A (en) * | 2021-02-05 | 2021-06-11 | 广西壮族自治区农业科学院 | Method for improving ecological environment around walnut roots in stony desertification area |
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