CN105237079A - Soil fertility increasing agent and preparation method and application method thereof - Google Patents
Soil fertility increasing agent and preparation method and application method thereof Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a soil fertility increasing agent and a preparation method and an application method thereof, and belongs to the field of agricultural production. The soil fertility increasing agent is prepared by mixing plant ash, a nitrogen fertilizer, a phosphate fertilizer, biological manure, a nutrient solution and organic humus; the biological manure and the nutrient solution are obtained by the steps of carrying out mixed fermentation of animal dung, calcium oxide, calcined red mud, urea, vinasse, soybean straw, peanut seedlings and a backing material abandoned after cultivation of edible fungi, and then filtering to obtain a filter residue being the biological manure and a filtrate being the nutrient solution; the organic humus is obtained by the steps of carrying out piling fermentation of leaves, wheat straw, green corn straw and river bottom sludge and then carrying out sterilization treatment. Through mixing of the specially-prepared biological manure and organic humus with the plant ash, nitrogen fertilizer, phosphate fertilizer and other conventional fertilizers, the fertility increasing agent is rich in a variety of trace elements and soil required biomass, fully meets the needs of the soil, also facilitates the absorption and utilization of the soil, and enhances the soil fertility.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the chemical fertilizer that agricultural production is used, specifically a kind of soil enrichment agent and preparation method thereof and using method.
Background technology
In agriculture production, soil can cause fertility to decline after long-term long-term cropping continuously, continues plantation on this soil and can cause the underproduction of crop.In prior art, generally the soil that fertility declines is stopped plantation one to two season, be referred to as on " ground of having a rest ", during this period, coordinate various fertilizer carry out getting fat to soil and topdress.The mode generally adopting fertilizer, fertilizer and chemical fertilizer to arrange in pairs or groups in prior art carries out getting fat to soil, or adopt the measures such as stalk, increase soil microbial activity, increase soil enzyme to carry out getting fat, in these getting fat means, stalk getting fat is adopted to be directly embedded in soil by agricultural crop straw, required time is longer, when adopting the means such as increase soil microbial activity, increase soil enzyme, cost is very high, therefore generally all adopts biological organic fertilizer to carry out getting fat.
Summary of the invention
The object of this invention is to provide a kind of soil enrichment agent and preparation method thereof and using method, this fertilizer synergist can improve soil, increases its fertility, and life-time service can make soil become fertile, is more suitable for the growth of crop.
The present invention is the technical scheme solving the problems of the technologies described above employing: a kind of soil enrichment agent, according to weight ratio, mixed by organic soil ulmin of the phosphate fertilizer of the nitrogenous fertilizer of the plant ash of 4-5 part, 13-15 part, 8-9 part, the biological muck of 5-6 part, the nutritive medium of 6-7 part and 4-6 part; According to weight ratio, filter after the bed material mixed fermentation that described biological muck and nutritive medium are discarded after planting edible mushrooms by the vinasse of the urea of the calcining red mud of the calcium oxide of the animal excrement of 65-70 part, 3-5 part, 2-3 part, 13-15 part, 6-8 part, the soybean stalk of 8-9 part, the peanut seedling of 4-6 part and 11-13 part and obtain, filter residue is biological muck, and filtrate is nutritive medium; According to weight ratio, described organic soil ulmin obtains by after the bed-silt heap fermentation of the maize straw of 3-5 part leaf, 6-7 part wheat stalk, 12-14 part green and 50-60 part, sterilising treatment, and during heap fermentation, regularly spray clear water to it, be not less than 50% to keep water content in stores.
The preparation method of above-mentioned soil enrichment agent, comprises the following steps:
1) bed material discarded after red mud, vinasse, bed-silt, soybean stalk, peanut seedling and plantation edible mushrooms is first handled as follows, for subsequent use;
Red mud is naturally cooling after 900 DEG C of high-temperature calcination 20-30min, and is ground into the micro mist that particle diameter is no more than 300 microns;
Vinasse oven dry is no more than 15% to water ratio;
Get bed-silt, regularly sprinkle water to keep its water ratio to be not less than 40% to it;
Soybean stalk and peanut seedling are dried and are no more than 15% to water ratio, are then ground into the particle that particle diameter is no more than 1cm;
Bed material discarded after getting plantation edible mushrooms, to its spray water, to keep its water ratio for 30%;
2) maize straw of the leaf of various trees, wheat stalk and green is chosen, the particle that particle diameter is no more than 1cm is ground into according to after the mixing of above-mentioned ratio, again it is mixed with the bed-silt in step 1), then temperature be 35-40 DEG C, atmospheric moisture is not less than heap fermentation 5-7 days in the backlight wet environment of 70%, then high-temperature sterilization, obtains organic soil ulmin;
During heap fermentation, regularly spray clear water to it, be not less than 50% to keep water content in stores;
3) select animal excrement, calcium oxide, calcining red mud and urea according to above-mentioned ratio, ferment after mixing 2-3 days in confined conditions, then carries out filtering separation, and filtrate is nutritive medium after high-temperature sterilization, cooling, stores for future use;
4) after filter residue step 3) obtained mixes with bed material discarded after vinasse, soybean stalk, peanut seedling, plantation edible mushrooms after drying, add step 2 wherein again) in nutritive medium, the add-on of nutritive medium is the 30-40% of powder mix weight, mix rear formation substratum, Rhizobium Inoculation wherein, inoculum size 5%, cultivates 2-3 days at the condition bottom fermentation of 25-30 DEG C, obtained biological muck, for subsequent use;
5) by obtained for step 4) biological muck, step 2) after the nutritive medium that obtains of the organic soil ulmin and plant ash, nitrogenous fertilizer, phosphate fertilizer and the step 3) that obtain mixes according to above-mentioned ratio, sealed storage, namely obtains product.
The using method of above-mentioned soil enrichment agent is: soil enrichment agent put on target plot, then on target plot, nutritive medium is sprayed, sprayedly to plough deeply 2-3 time soil afterwards, to make soil enrichment agent, nutritive medium fully mixes with soil, namely completes soil improvement; Apply fertilizer synergist and nutritive medium according to the fertility of soil, generally, every mu of target plot applies the soil enrichment agent of 70-120kg and the nutritive medium of 50-100kg.
Beneficial effect: compared with prior art, tool has the following advantages in soil enrichment agent of the present invention:
1) the present invention by carrying out sealed fermenting after mixing with animal excrement, calcium oxide and urea after red mud calcining, calcium oxide suitably can prevent the growth of part bacterium, and also provide certain calcium ion, and red mud provides the trace elements such as certain ferro element, thus the micronutrient levels that improve in soil, be convenient to the absorption of crop;
2) filter residue separated after carrying out sealed fermenting after mixing with animal excrement, calcium oxide and urea after red mud calcining can kill most bacterium after drying, and then mix with vinasse, soybean stalk, peanut seedling and bed material discarded after planting edible mushrooms, add nutritive medium and make substratum, Rhizobium Inoculation on substratum, thus make in modifying agent, to be rich in a large amount of root nodule bacterium, after being applied in soil, also have a large amount of root nodule bacterium survivals, thus improve the content of root nodule bacterium in soil;
3) the present invention utilizes biomass and the bed-silt heap fermentation such as fallen leaves, wheat stalk, green maize straw, itself contained a large amount of microorganism in bed-silt are utilized to decompose biomass, thus accelerate the decay process of these biomass, organic soil ulmin that final formation is fertile, these organic soil ulmin are not only rich in the biomass of various trace elements and soil needs, and are convenient to absorption, the utilization of soil;
4) utilize special biological muck, organic soil ulmin to mix with common fertilizer such as plant ash, nitrogenous fertilizer, phosphate fertilizer in the present invention, fully meet the needs of soil, enhance the fertility of soil.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with specific embodiment, the present invention is further elaborated, plant ash used in following examples, nitrogenous fertilizer, phosphate fertilizer, animal excrement, calcium oxide, calcining red mud, urea, vinasse, soybean stalk, peanut seedling, leaf, wheat stalk, green maize straw are fertilizer and the material of this area routine, mud adopts the mud excavated from river bed, and after plantation edible mushrooms, the material after planting edible mushroom in bacterium bag selected by discarded bed material.
Embodiment 1
A kind of soil enrichment agent, according to weight ratio, is mixed by organic soil ulmin of the plant ash of 4 parts, the nitrogenous fertilizer of 13 parts, the phosphate fertilizer of 8 parts, the biological muck of 5 parts, the nutritive medium of 6 parts and 4 parts; According to weight ratio, described biological muck and nutritive medium obtain by filtering after bed material mixed fermentation discarded after the animal excrement of 65 parts, the calcium oxide of 3 parts, the calcining red mud of 2 parts, the urea of 13 parts, the vinasse of 6 parts, the soybean stalk of 8 parts, the peanut seedling of 4 parts and 11 parts of plantation edible mushroomss, filter residue is biological muck, and filtrate is nutritive medium; According to weight ratio, described organic soil ulmin obtains by after the bed-silt heap fermentation of 3 parts of leaves, 6 parts of wheat stalks, 12 parts of green maize straws and 50 parts, sterilising treatment, and during heap fermentation, regularly spray clear water to it, be not less than 50% to keep water content in stores.
The preparation method of above-mentioned soil enrichment agent, comprises the following steps:
1) bed material discarded after red mud, vinasse, bed-silt, soybean stalk, peanut seedling and plantation edible mushrooms is first handled as follows, for subsequent use;
Red mud is naturally cooling after 900 DEG C of high-temperature calcination 20-30min, and is ground into the micro mist that particle diameter is no more than 300 microns;
Vinasse oven dry is no more than 15% to water ratio;
Get bed-silt, regularly sprinkle water to keep its water ratio to be not less than 40% to it;
Soybean stalk and peanut seedling are dried and are no more than 15% to water ratio, are then ground into the particle that particle diameter is no more than 1cm;
Bed material discarded after getting plantation edible mushrooms, to its spray water, to keep its water ratio for 30%;
The leaf that leaf is selected the fallen leaves of various trees or dropped because of external force, if without leaf, can select weeds to replace;
2) maize straw of the leaf of various trees, wheat stalk and green is chosen, the particle that particle diameter is no more than 1cm is ground into according to after the mixing of above-mentioned ratio, again it is mixed with the bed-silt in step 1), then temperature be 35-40 DEG C, atmospheric moisture is not less than heap fermentation 5-7 days in the backlight wet environment of 70%, then high-temperature sterilization, obtains organic soil ulmin;
During heap fermentation, regularly spray clear water to it, be not less than 50% to keep water content in stores;
3) select animal excrement, calcium oxide, calcining red mud and urea according to above-mentioned ratio, ferment after mixing 2-3 days in confined conditions, then carries out filtering separation, and filtrate is nutritive medium after high-temperature sterilization, cooling, stores for future use;
4) after filter residue step 3) obtained mixes with bed material discarded after vinasse, soybean stalk, peanut seedling, plantation edible mushrooms after drying, add step 2 wherein again) in nutritive medium, the add-on of nutritive medium is 30% of powder mix weight, mix rear formation substratum, Rhizobium Inoculation wherein, inoculum size 5%, cultivates 2-3 days at the condition bottom fermentation of 25-30 DEG C, obtained biological muck, for subsequent use;
5) by obtained for step 4) biological muck, step 2) after the nutritive medium that obtains of the organic soil ulmin and plant ash, nitrogenous fertilizer, phosphate fertilizer and the step 3) that obtain mixes according to above-mentioned ratio, sealed storage, namely obtains product.
Embodiment 2
A kind of soil enrichment agent, according to weight ratio, is mixed by organic soil ulmin of the plant ash of 5 parts, the nitrogenous fertilizer of 15 parts, the phosphate fertilizer of 9 parts, the biological muck of 6 parts, the nutritive medium of 7 parts and 6 parts; According to weight ratio, described biological muck and nutritive medium obtain by filtering after bed material mixed fermentation discarded after the animal excrement of 70 parts, the calcium oxide of 5 parts, the calcining red mud of 3 parts, the urea of 15 parts, the vinasse of 8 parts, the soybean stalk of 9 parts, the peanut seedling of 6 parts and 13 parts of plantation edible mushroomss, filter residue is biological muck, and filtrate is nutritive medium; According to weight ratio, described organic soil ulmin obtains by after the bed-silt heap fermentation of 5 parts of leaves, 7 parts of wheat stalks, 14 parts of green maize straws and 60 parts, sterilising treatment, and during heap fermentation, regularly spray clear water to it, be not less than 50% to keep water content in stores.
The preparation method of above-mentioned soil enrichment agent, comprises the following steps:
1) bed material discarded after red mud, vinasse, bed-silt, soybean stalk, peanut seedling and plantation edible mushrooms is first handled as follows, for subsequent use;
Red mud is naturally cooling after 900 DEG C of high-temperature calcination 20-30min, and is ground into the micro mist that particle diameter is no more than 300 microns;
Vinasse oven dry is no more than 15% to water ratio;
Get bed-silt, regularly sprinkle water to keep its water ratio to be not less than 40% to it;
Soybean stalk and peanut seedling are dried and are no more than 15% to water ratio, are then ground into the particle that particle diameter is no more than 1cm;
Bed material discarded after getting plantation edible mushrooms, to its spray water, to keep its water ratio for 30%;
The leaf that leaf is selected the fallen leaves of various trees or dropped because of external force, if without leaf, can select weeds to replace;
2) maize straw of the leaf of various trees, wheat stalk and green is chosen, the particle that particle diameter is no more than 1cm is ground into according to after the mixing of above-mentioned ratio, again it is mixed with the bed-silt in step 1), then temperature be 35-40 DEG C, atmospheric moisture is not less than heap fermentation 5-7 days in the backlight wet environment of 70%, then high-temperature sterilization, obtains organic soil ulmin;
During heap fermentation, regularly spray clear water to it, be not less than 50% to keep water content in stores;
3) select animal excrement, calcium oxide, calcining red mud and urea according to above-mentioned ratio, ferment after mixing 2-3 days in confined conditions, then carries out filtering separation, and filtrate is nutritive medium after high-temperature sterilization, cooling, stores for future use;
4) after filter residue step 3) obtained mixes with bed material discarded after vinasse, soybean stalk, peanut seedling, plantation edible mushrooms after drying, add step 2 wherein again) in nutritive medium, the add-on of nutritive medium is 40% of powder mix weight, mix rear formation substratum, Rhizobium Inoculation wherein, inoculum size 5%, cultivates 2-3 days at the condition bottom fermentation of 25-30 DEG C, obtained biological muck, for subsequent use;
5) by obtained for step 4) biological muck, step 2) after the nutritive medium that obtains of the organic soil ulmin and plant ash, nitrogenous fertilizer, phosphate fertilizer and the step 3) that obtain mixes according to above-mentioned ratio, sealed storage, namely obtains product.
Embodiment 3
A kind of soil enrichment agent, according to weight ratio, is mixed by organic soil ulmin of the plant ash of 4.5 parts, the nitrogenous fertilizer of 14 parts, the phosphate fertilizer of 8.5 parts, the biological muck of 5.5 parts, the nutritive medium of 6.5 parts and 5 parts; According to weight ratio, described biological muck and nutritive medium obtain by filtering after bed material mixed fermentation discarded after the animal excrement of 67.5 parts, the calcium oxide of 4 parts, the calcining red mud of 2.5 parts, the urea of 14 parts, the vinasse of 7 parts, the soybean stalk of 8.5 parts, the peanut seedling of 5 parts and 12 parts of plantation edible mushroomss, filter residue is biological muck, and filtrate is nutritive medium; According to weight ratio, described organic soil ulmin obtains by after the bed-silt heap fermentation of 4 parts of leaves, 6.5 parts of wheat stalks, 13 parts of green maize straws and 55 parts, sterilising treatment, and during heap fermentation, regularly spray clear water to it, be not less than 50% to keep water content in stores.
The preparation method of above-mentioned soil enrichment agent, comprises the following steps:
1) bed material discarded after red mud, vinasse, bed-silt, soybean stalk, peanut seedling and plantation edible mushrooms is first handled as follows, for subsequent use;
Red mud is naturally cooling after 900 DEG C of high-temperature calcination 20-30min, and is ground into the micro mist that particle diameter is no more than 300 microns;
Vinasse oven dry is no more than 15% to water ratio;
Get bed-silt, regularly sprinkle water to keep its water ratio to be not less than 40% to it;
Soybean stalk and peanut seedling are dried and are no more than 15% to water ratio, are then ground into the particle that particle diameter is no more than 1cm;
Bed material discarded after getting plantation edible mushrooms, to its spray water, to keep its water ratio for 30%;
The leaf that leaf is selected the fallen leaves of various trees or dropped because of external force, if without leaf, can select weeds to replace;
2) maize straw of the leaf of various trees, wheat stalk and green is chosen, the particle that particle diameter is no more than 1cm is ground into according to after the mixing of above-mentioned ratio, again it is mixed with the bed-silt in step 1), then temperature be 35-40 DEG C, atmospheric moisture is not less than heap fermentation 5-7 days in the backlight wet environment of 70%, then high-temperature sterilization, obtains organic soil ulmin;
During heap fermentation, regularly spray clear water to it, be not less than 50% to keep water content in stores;
3) select animal excrement, calcium oxide, calcining red mud and urea according to above-mentioned ratio, ferment after mixing 2-3 days in confined conditions, then carries out filtering separation, and filtrate is nutritive medium after high-temperature sterilization, cooling, stores for future use;
4) after filter residue step 3) obtained mixes with bed material discarded after vinasse, soybean stalk, peanut seedling, plantation edible mushrooms after drying, add step 2 wherein again) in nutritive medium, the add-on of nutritive medium is 35% of powder mix weight, mix rear formation substratum, Rhizobium Inoculation wherein, inoculum size 5%, cultivates 2-3 days at the condition bottom fermentation of 25-30 DEG C, obtained biological muck, for subsequent use;
5) by obtained for step 4) biological muck, step 2) after the nutritive medium that obtains of the organic soil ulmin and plant ash, nitrogenous fertilizer, phosphate fertilizer and the step 3) that obtain mixes according to above-mentioned ratio, sealed storage, namely obtains product.
The using method of above-mentioned soil enrichment agent is: soil enrichment agent put on target plot, then on target plot, nutritive medium is sprayed, sprayedly to plough deeply 2-3 time soil afterwards, to make soil enrichment agent, nutritive medium fully mixes with soil, namely completes soil improvement; Apply fertilizer synergist and nutritive medium according to the fertility of soil, generally, every mu of target plot applies the soil enrichment agent of 70-120kg and the nutritive medium of 50-100kg.
In the present invention, when using leaf, wheat stalk, green maize straw and bed-silt heap fermentation to prepare organic soil ulmin, the animal excrement of the urea of 2-3 part, the saltpetre of 1-2 part, the wormcast of 0.5-1 part and 1-2 part can be added wherein.
Claims (4)
1. a soil enrichment agent, is characterized in that: according to weight ratio, is mixed by organic soil ulmin of the phosphate fertilizer of the nitrogenous fertilizer of the plant ash of 4-5 part, 13-15 part, 8-9 part, the biological muck of 5-6 part, the nutritive medium of 6-7 part and 4-6 part; According to weight ratio, filter after the bed material mixed fermentation that described biological muck and nutritive medium are discarded after planting edible mushrooms by the vinasse of the urea of the calcining red mud of the calcium oxide of the animal excrement of 65-70 part, 3-5 part, 2-3 part, 13-15 part, 6-8 part, the soybean stalk of 8-9 part, the peanut seedling of 4-6 part and 11-13 part and obtain, filter residue is biological muck, and filtrate is nutritive medium; According to weight ratio, described organic soil ulmin obtains by after the bed-silt heap fermentation of the maize straw of 3-5 part leaf, 6-7 part wheat stalk, 12-14 part green and 50-60 part, sterilising treatment, and during heap fermentation, regularly spray clear water to it, be not less than 50% to keep water content in stores.
2. the preparation method of a kind of soil enrichment agent as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that, comprise the following steps:
1) bed material discarded after red mud, vinasse, bed-silt, soybean stalk, peanut seedling and plantation edible mushrooms is first handled as follows, for subsequent use;
Red mud is naturally cooling after 900 DEG C of high-temperature calcination 20-30min, and is ground into the micro mist that particle diameter is no more than 300 microns;
Vinasse oven dry is no more than 15% to water ratio;
Get bed-silt, regularly sprinkle water to keep its water ratio to be not less than 40% to it;
Soybean stalk and peanut seedling are dried and are no more than 15% to water ratio, are then ground into the particle that particle diameter is no more than 1cm;
Bed material discarded after getting plantation edible mushrooms, to its spray water, to keep its water ratio for 30%;
2) maize straw of the leaf of various trees, wheat stalk and green is chosen, the particle that particle diameter is no more than 1cm is ground into according to after ratio mixing according to claim 1, again it is mixed with the bed-silt in step 1), then temperature be 35-40 DEG C, atmospheric moisture is not less than heap fermentation 5-7 days in the backlight wet environment of 70%, then high-temperature sterilization, obtains organic soil ulmin;
During heap fermentation, regularly spray clear water to it, be not less than 50% to keep water content in stores;
3) select animal excrement, calcium oxide, calcining red mud and urea according to ratio according to claim 1, ferment after mixing 2-3 days in confined conditions, then carries out filtering separation, and filtrate is nutritive medium after high-temperature sterilization, cooling, stores for future use;
4) after filter residue step 3) obtained mixes with bed material discarded after vinasse, soybean stalk, peanut seedling, plantation edible mushrooms after drying, add step 2 wherein again) in nutritive medium, the add-on of nutritive medium is the 30-40% of powder mix weight, mix rear formation substratum, Rhizobium Inoculation wherein, inoculum size 5%, cultivates 2-3 days at the condition bottom fermentation of 25-30 DEG C, obtained biological muck, for subsequent use;
5) by obtained for step 4) biological muck, step 2) after organic soil ulmin of obtaining nutritive medium obtained with plant ash, nitrogenous fertilizer, phosphate fertilizer and step 3) mix according to ratio according to claim 1, sealed storage, namely obtains product.
3. use soil enrichment agent as claimed in claim 1 to carry out the method for soil enrichment, it is characterized in that, comprise the following steps: the soil enrichment agent of claim 1 is put on target plot, then on target plot, spray the nutritive medium in claim 1, sprayedly rear soil to be ploughed deeply 2-3 time, to make soil enrichment agent, nutritive medium fully mixes with soil, namely completes soil improvement.
4. the method using soil enrichment agent to carry out soil enrichment as claimed in claim 3, is characterized in that: in described step c, and every mu of target plot applies the soil enrichment agent of 70-120kg and the nutritive medium of 50-100kg.
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| CN106008111A (en) * | 2016-06-27 | 2016-10-12 | 廖广有 | Compound plant fertilizer |
| CN106116958A (en) * | 2016-06-27 | 2016-11-16 | 廖广有 | A kind of efficient compound fertilizer for urban afforestation |
| CN106565373A (en) * | 2016-11-02 | 2017-04-19 | 贵州省施秉县万富农业科技发展有限公司 | Soil fertility increasing agent capable of improving saline-alkaline performance of cornfields as well as preparation method and use method |
| CN110172006A (en) * | 2019-07-02 | 2019-08-27 | 王凤荣 | A kind of novel biological fertilizer and preparation method |
| CN110408409A (en) * | 2018-04-29 | 2019-11-05 | 上海绅涪生物科技有限公司 | A kind of soil surface renovation agent, preparation method and the usage |
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| CN106008111A (en) * | 2016-06-27 | 2016-10-12 | 廖广有 | Compound plant fertilizer |
| CN106116958A (en) * | 2016-06-27 | 2016-11-16 | 廖广有 | A kind of efficient compound fertilizer for urban afforestation |
| CN106565373A (en) * | 2016-11-02 | 2017-04-19 | 贵州省施秉县万富农业科技发展有限公司 | Soil fertility increasing agent capable of improving saline-alkaline performance of cornfields as well as preparation method and use method |
| CN110408409A (en) * | 2018-04-29 | 2019-11-05 | 上海绅涪生物科技有限公司 | A kind of soil surface renovation agent, preparation method and the usage |
| CN110172006A (en) * | 2019-07-02 | 2019-08-27 | 王凤荣 | A kind of novel biological fertilizer and preparation method |
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