CN104370581A

CN104370581A - Method for producing high-quality organic fertilizer from household refuse

Info

Publication number: CN104370581A
Application number: CN201310358296.XA
Authority: CN
Inventors: 蒋华
Original assignee: Individual
Current assignee: Individual
Priority date: 2013-08-17
Filing date: 2013-08-17
Publication date: 2015-02-25

Abstract

The invention discloses a method for producing high-quality organic fertilizer from household refuse. The mixture of household refuse, biogas residue and biogas slurry needs appropriate humidity, and when the humidity is too low and does not satisfy fermentation requirements, the mixture compost is not fermented normally and when the humidity is too high, compost interior density is increased so that air flowing is limited in the compost, oxygen content is reduced and thus normal fermentation of the compost is influenced. Only by enough P guaranteeing microbial growth in the compact, wherein a ratio of C/P is 100: 1, the compact is suitable for microbial growth and digestion. A ratio of household refuse to biogas residue and biogas slurry is controlled to 2: 1 so that reasonable humidity needed by normal mixture fermentation is obtained and phosphorus content for satisfying fermentation is obtained. The above mixing ratio can promote compost fermentation finishing and further improve final product quality. The ratio of 2: 1 can be adjusted in a certain range according to physical truth.

Description

A kind of method utilizing domestic refuse to produce high-quality organic fertilizer

Technical field

The present invention relates to a kind of method of producing organic Agricultural Fertilizer, be specially the method utilizing domestic refuse to produce fertilizer, particularly utilize domestic refuse to produce the method for high-quality organic fertilizer.

Background technology

Utilizing domestic waste manufacture to produce Agricultural Fertilizer is one of current process, the method utilizing domestic waste.The existing method utilizing domestic waste to produce Agricultural Fertilizer is: first carry out sorting to rubbish, organism is separated with inorganics, available organism directly carries out compost fermentation, then mix and blend, oven dry, pulverizing, granulation, cooling, and then add a large amount of mineral manure, as urea, calcium superphosphate, Repone K etc., pack after stirring.

Summary of the invention

The object of this invention is to provide and utilize domestic refuse to produce method that is high-quality, fertilizer.

Method of the present invention adopts following technical scheme to realize: utilize domestic refuse to produce the processing method of high-quality organic fertilizer, comprise the sorting operation of domestic refuse, rubbish to be hanked class by organism, inorganics, plastic waste decile, the mixture of the available organism that sub-elects (namely by the organic substance that can digest, decompose that ferments) and downflow sludge, ight soil, pulverizing plant straw, nitrogen, phosphoric through anaerobically fermenting and biogas residue and biogas liquid remaining after producing biogas mix, then, again aerobic composting fermentation is carried out.Through Sampling Survey, in downflow sludge, organic matter is 11-24.4%, full phosphorus 2.14mg/g, full nitrogen 5.8-10.1mg/g, full potassium is 5.25-8.9 mg/g, and fast nitrogen is 260-580PPM, speed phosphorus is 38.3-50.7PPM, and its nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium organic nutrient and organic content are all higher.And N P and K organic nutrient and organic content are also higher in ight soil, it is desirable organic fertilizer resource.The basis of downflow sludge and ight soil adds nitrogen again, phosphorus, potassium element (potassium element mainly obtains from straw), then mixed fermentation produces biogas, above-mentioned each composition is fully reacted in the process of fermentation, while a large amount of organic nutrient of generation, the inorganic nitrogen phosphoric added also is made to change into organic nitrogen at fermenting process, phosphorus nutrient, settling remaining after such fermentation and leach liquor, i.e. natural pond slag, natural pond liquid contains very high organic nutrient, it is mixed mutually with domestic refuse, both moisture content required in aerobic composting fermentation can have been met, thus a large amount of water saving, organic nutrient can be increased again, improve compost quality, the high-quality fertilizer of output, the more important thing is that natural pond slag, natural pond liquid and domestic garbage mixing carry out secondary aerobic composting fermentation, also play the effect of inoculum, can promote that the organic animals and plants in rubbish and other organism ferment and biological decomposition fully, make to be reacted fully between each composition, produce a large amount of organonitrogen phosphorus nutrients and make each composition reach steady state, overcome the defect described in prior art and deficiency, realize utilizing domestic refuse to produce the object of fertilizer.

After domestic refuse of the present invention mixes with natural pond slag, natural pond liquid, suitable humidity should be maintained, humidity is too low does not reach the necessary moisture content of fermentation, the compost of mixture cannot normal fermentation, humidity is excessive, causes compost internal density to increase, and the air flowing in it is restricted, oxygen level reduces, and is unfavorable for the normal fermentation of compost so equally.Also to ensure in compost matter, for the enough phosphorus (C/P should ensure 100: 1) of microorganism growth, like this, just can be suitable for microbial growth and digestion.The blending ratio of domestic refuse of the present invention and natural pond slag, natural pond liquid controls 2: 1, like this, can meet the reasonable humidity needed for mixture normal fermentation, can meet again the content of the phosphorus needed for above-mentioned fermentation.Adopt above-mentioned blending ratio can promote completing of compost fermentation, thus improve the quality of the finished product further.Certainly, the blending ratio of above-mentioned 2: 1 can adjust within the specific limits to some extent according to practical situation.

Aforementionedly mention, natural pond slag, natural pond liquid and domestic garbage mixing carry out Secondary Fermentation, except increasing the organic nutrient of compost, also work the inoculum promoting that domestic refuse is fully fermented, decomposed, digests.The content of the nutrient content in it particularly nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium must reach certain value, fully, fully could play the effect of inoculum, too high levels cost increases, the too low effect fully cannot playing inoculum, therefore, the present invention determines certain proportional range, to reach best effect.Need to reach following index request after downflow sludge of the present invention and ight soil mixing: be nitrogenously more than or equal to 1%, be phosphorously more than or equal to 1.5%, be more than or equal to 2% containing potassium.By the downflow sludge in general city and the component content of ight soil, can roughly meet above-mentioned index request in the ratio of downflow sludge 60-70%, ight soil 30-40%.The basis of These parameters is added the pulverizing plant straw of the nitrogen element of 0.36-0.45%, 0.41-0.45% phosphoric, 8-10% again, and like this, its effect as inoculum is more obvious.

Domestic refuse in the present invention, while mixing with above-mentioned natural pond slag, natural pond liquid, adds the plant straw 6.5-7.5% through hand hay cutter joint within it, as the dilator in compost, promotes the aerobic fermentation of compost, improves nutrient content, especially the content of potassium simultaneously.

Domestic refuse in the present invention, mixing simultaneously with above-mentioned natural pond slag, natural pond liquid, adds the nitrogen element of 3-3.5% and the phosphoric of 2.7-3.5%.

After consumer garbage compost ferments, the difference that inorganic fertilizer has essence is added again in nitrogen, phosphoric and prior art that the present invention adds while domestic refuse mixes with natural pond slag, natural pond liquid and in the mixture of downflow sludge and ight soil, nitrogen added by the former, phosphoric fully can be reacted in the process of anaerobically fermenting and aerobic fermentation, the final composition that can change into needed for fertilizer, it improves the quality of products further for the present invention, reaches one of effective ways of the object of producing high-quality, fertilizer; And the latter just simply mixes with domestic refuse, output be compound or Chemical Mixed Fertilizer.

Nitrogen element in the present invention can obtain from urea, also can obtain from other nitrogenous fertilizer, but due to urea nitrogen content high, fertilizer volume can be reduced.Phosphoric can obtain from calcium superphosphate or other phosphate fertilizer.Plant straw in the present invention can use corn stalk, wheat straw or other plant straw.

Embodiment

Domestic refuse is utilized to produce the method for high-quality organic fertilizer: first to carry out sorting to domestic refuse, by organism, inorganics, plastic waste classification, in inorganics, the available thing such as metal, glass, paper carries out taxonomic revision, sells by old and useless article, and unavailable thing adds at Landfills and buries.Plastic waste is used for oil refining.Available organism is stand-by.Downflow sludge 70 tons, 30 tons, ight soil, the plant straw 10 tons pulverized, 0.8 ton, urea, calcium superphosphate 1 ton carry out mixing (content of each additive of this mixture is all in aforesaid scope), then ferment in fen, the methane recovery of generation.After said mixture fermentation, remaining biogas residue and biogas liquid about has 80 tons, with the available organism domestic garbage mixing of 160 tons, simultaneously, add 10 tons of hand hay cutter joint straws, 10 tons of urea, 10 tons of calcium superphosphate (all in aforesaid content range), the compost aerobic composting fermentation of 9-10 days is carried out after mix and blend, start to compost heat supply in fermentation, ensure that compost temperature maintains 20-30 minute at 35-37 degree Celsius, then heat supply is stopped, full 10 days, carry out regrading, by the inorganics that initial sorting is omitted, fermentation does not fully digest, the block decomposed is separated, then, dry, pulverize, add water granulation, cooling, pack.In above process, be recovered in the biogas produced in downflow sludge, ight soil, pulverizing plant straw, nitrogen, the mixture anaerobically fermenting of phosphoric and domestic refuse aerobic composting fermentation process, for to anaerobism, aerobic composting fermentation heat supply, meet the heat that fermenting process reaches temperature required needs, and can be used for heating, illumination etc.

Claims

1. the method utilizing domestic refuse to produce high-quality organic fertilizer, comprise the sorting operation of domestic refuse, it is characterized by: the available organism sub-elected and downflow sludge, ight soil, pulverize plant straw, nitrogen, the mixture of phosphoric through anaerobically fermenting and biogas residue and biogas liquid remaining after producing biogas mix, then, again carry out aerobic composting fermentation, the blending ratio of domestic refuse and biogas residue and biogas liquid controls 2: 1, need to reach following index request after downflow sludge and ight soil mixing: be nitrogenously more than or equal to 1%, phosphorously be more than or equal to 1.5%, 2% is more than or equal to containing potassium, the basis of These parameters is added the nitrogen element of 0.36-0.45% again, 0.41-0.45% phosphoric, the pulverizing plant straw of 8-10%, start to ensure that compost temperature maintains 20-30 minute at 35-37 degree Celsius at compost fermentation, compost fermentation needs 9-10 days.

2. the method for high-quality organic fertilizer produced by profit as claimed in claim 1 rubbish alive, it is characterized by: domestic refuse, while mixing with above-mentioned natural pond slag, natural pond liquid, adds the plant straw 6.5-7.5% through hand hay cutter joint within it.

3. utilize domestic refuse to produce the method for high-quality organic fertilizer as claimed in claim 1 or 2, it is characterized by: domestic refuse, mixing with above-mentioned natural pond slag, natural pond liquid simultaneously, adds the nitrogen element of 3-3.5% and the phosphoric of 2.7-3.5%.