CN105142762A - 包含多级净化的渗透驱动膜***的改进 - Google Patents
包含多级净化的渗透驱动膜***的改进 Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN105142762A CN105142762A CN201480022732.9A CN201480022732A CN105142762A CN 105142762 A CN105142762 A CN 105142762A CN 201480022732 A CN201480022732 A CN 201480022732A CN 105142762 A CN105142762 A CN 105142762A
- Authority
- CN
- China
- Prior art keywords
- stream
- module
- low rejection
- equipment according
- low
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
- 239000012528 membrane Substances 0.000 title abstract description 32
- 238000000746 purification Methods 0.000 title abstract description 3
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 43
- 238000001223 reverse osmosis Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 22
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 19
- 238000001764 infiltration Methods 0.000 claims description 23
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 19
- 238000011084 recovery Methods 0.000 claims description 13
- 239000003085 diluting agent Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 230000008595 infiltration Effects 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000002519 antifouling agent Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000001914 filtration Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 206010000234 Abortion spontaneous Diseases 0.000 claims 1
- 208000015994 miscarriage Diseases 0.000 claims 1
- 230000000717 retained effect Effects 0.000 claims 1
- 208000000995 spontaneous abortion Diseases 0.000 claims 1
- 238000001728 nano-filtration Methods 0.000 abstract description 13
- 238000009292 forward osmosis Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 239000012527 feed solution Substances 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000010408 film Substances 0.000 description 46
- 235000002639 sodium chloride Nutrition 0.000 description 45
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 22
- FAPWRFPIFSIZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium chloride Chemical compound [Na+].[Cl-] FAPWRFPIFSIZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 20
- 230000002706 hydrostatic effect Effects 0.000 description 16
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 description 15
- 230000001629 suppression Effects 0.000 description 14
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 13
- 230000003204 osmotic effect Effects 0.000 description 10
- 239000011780 sodium chloride Substances 0.000 description 10
- 238000010612 desalination reaction Methods 0.000 description 8
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 7
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 description 7
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 description 7
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 description 6
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 6
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 6
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 5
- 239000012466 permeate Substances 0.000 description 5
- TWRXJAOTZQYOKJ-UHFFFAOYSA-L Magnesium chloride Chemical compound [Mg+2].[Cl-].[Cl-] TWRXJAOTZQYOKJ-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 4
- CSNNHWWHGAXBCP-UHFFFAOYSA-L Magnesium sulfate Chemical compound [Mg+2].[O-][S+2]([O-])([O-])[O-] CSNNHWWHGAXBCP-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 4
- 230000004907 flux Effects 0.000 description 4
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000007921 spray Substances 0.000 description 3
- VTYYLEPIZMXCLO-UHFFFAOYSA-L Calcium carbonate Chemical compound [Ca+2].[O-]C([O-])=O VTYYLEPIZMXCLO-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- CDBYLPFSWZWCQE-UHFFFAOYSA-L Sodium Carbonate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[O-]C([O-])=O CDBYLPFSWZWCQE-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
- PMZURENOXWZQFD-UHFFFAOYSA-L Sodium Sulfate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O PMZURENOXWZQFD-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
- 238000003491 array Methods 0.000 description 2
- TZCXTZWJZNENPQ-UHFFFAOYSA-L barium sulfate Chemical compound [Ba+2].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O TZCXTZWJZNENPQ-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 2
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 238000010790 dilution Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000012895 dilution Substances 0.000 description 2
- KWGKDLIKAYFUFQ-UHFFFAOYSA-M lithium chloride Chemical compound [Li+].[Cl-] KWGKDLIKAYFUFQ-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 2
- 229910001629 magnesium chloride Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229910052943 magnesium sulfate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 235000019341 magnesium sulphate Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000010979 pH adjustment Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000001488 sodium phosphate Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910000162 sodium phosphate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- UBXAKNTVXQMEAG-UHFFFAOYSA-L strontium sulfate Chemical compound [Sr+2].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O UBXAKNTVXQMEAG-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 2
- RYFMWSXOAZQYPI-UHFFFAOYSA-K trisodium phosphate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[Na+].[O-]P([O-])([O-])=O RYFMWSXOAZQYPI-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 2
- BTBUEUYNUDRHOZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Borate Chemical compound [O-]B([O-])[O-] BTBUEUYNUDRHOZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 241001131796 Botaurus stellaris Species 0.000 description 1
- UXVMQQNJUSDDNG-UHFFFAOYSA-L Calcium chloride Chemical compound [Cl-].[Cl-].[Ca+2] UXVMQQNJUSDDNG-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- XFXPMWWXUTWYJX-UHFFFAOYSA-N Cyanide Chemical compound N#[C-] XFXPMWWXUTWYJX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- KRHYYFGTRYWZRS-UHFFFAOYSA-M Fluoride anion Chemical compound [F-] KRHYYFGTRYWZRS-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 229910019142 PO4 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000004952 Polyamide Substances 0.000 description 1
- DWAQJAXMDSEUJJ-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium bisulfite Chemical compound [Na+].OS([O-])=O DWAQJAXMDSEUJJ-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 150000001450 anions Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000007864 aqueous solution Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004760 aramid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920003235 aromatic polyamide Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229910052785 arsenic Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- RQNWIZPPADIBDY-UHFFFAOYSA-N arsenic atom Chemical compound [As] RQNWIZPPADIBDY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000011469 building brick Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910000019 calcium carbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000001110 calcium chloride Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910001628 calcium chloride Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000084 colloidal system Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000006298 dechlorination reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007872 degassing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000010440 gypsum Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052602 gypsum Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- TVHALOSDPLTTSR-UHFFFAOYSA-H hexasodium;[oxido-[oxido(phosphonatooxy)phosphoryl]oxyphosphoryl] phosphate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[Na+].[Na+].[Na+].[Na+].[O-]P([O-])(=O)OP([O-])(=O)OP([O-])(=O)OP([O-])([O-])=O TVHALOSDPLTTSR-UHFFFAOYSA-H 0.000 description 1
- 230000006872 improvement Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000005764 inhibitory process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 235000011147 magnesium chloride Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- -1 molecule Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 1
- NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-K phosphate Chemical compound [O-]P([O-])([O-])=O NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 1
- 239000010452 phosphate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920002647 polyamide Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920000867 polyelectrolyte Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 238000002203 pretreatment Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000630 rising effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009938 salting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000013535 sea water Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229940065287 selenium compound Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 150000003343 selenium compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000377 silicon dioxide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910000029 sodium carbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229940079827 sodium hydrogen sulfite Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 235000010267 sodium hydrogen sulphite Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- VWDWKYIASSYTQR-UHFFFAOYSA-N sodium nitrate Chemical compound [Na+].[O-][N+]([O-])=O VWDWKYIASSYTQR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 235000011008 sodium phosphates Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229910052938 sodium sulfate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 235000011152 sodium sulphate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000010409 thin film Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000009466 transformation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011144 upstream manufacturing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002351 wastewater Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D61/00—Processes of separation using semi-permeable membranes, e.g. dialysis, osmosis or ultrafiltration; Apparatus, accessories or auxiliary operations specially adapted therefor
- B01D61/58—Multistep processes
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D61/00—Processes of separation using semi-permeable membranes, e.g. dialysis, osmosis or ultrafiltration; Apparatus, accessories or auxiliary operations specially adapted therefor
- B01D61/002—Forward osmosis or direct osmosis
- B01D61/0022—Apparatus therefor
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D61/00—Processes of separation using semi-permeable membranes, e.g. dialysis, osmosis or ultrafiltration; Apparatus, accessories or auxiliary operations specially adapted therefor
- B01D61/02—Reverse osmosis; Hyperfiltration ; Nanofiltration
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D61/00—Processes of separation using semi-permeable membranes, e.g. dialysis, osmosis or ultrafiltration; Apparatus, accessories or auxiliary operations specially adapted therefor
- B01D61/02—Reverse osmosis; Hyperfiltration ; Nanofiltration
- B01D61/025—Reverse osmosis; Hyperfiltration
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D61/00—Processes of separation using semi-permeable membranes, e.g. dialysis, osmosis or ultrafiltration; Apparatus, accessories or auxiliary operations specially adapted therefor
- B01D61/02—Reverse osmosis; Hyperfiltration ; Nanofiltration
- B01D61/027—Nanofiltration
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D61/00—Processes of separation using semi-permeable membranes, e.g. dialysis, osmosis or ultrafiltration; Apparatus, accessories or auxiliary operations specially adapted therefor
- B01D61/02—Reverse osmosis; Hyperfiltration ; Nanofiltration
- B01D61/029—Multistep processes comprising different kinds of membrane processes selected from reverse osmosis, hyperfiltration or nanofiltration
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D61/00—Processes of separation using semi-permeable membranes, e.g. dialysis, osmosis or ultrafiltration; Apparatus, accessories or auxiliary operations specially adapted therefor
- B01D61/02—Reverse osmosis; Hyperfiltration ; Nanofiltration
- B01D61/06—Energy recovery
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D61/00—Processes of separation using semi-permeable membranes, e.g. dialysis, osmosis or ultrafiltration; Apparatus, accessories or auxiliary operations specially adapted therefor
- B01D61/02—Reverse osmosis; Hyperfiltration ; Nanofiltration
- B01D61/12—Controlling or regulating
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D65/00—Accessories or auxiliary operations, in general, for separation processes or apparatus using semi-permeable membranes
- B01D65/02—Membrane cleaning or sterilisation ; Membrane regeneration
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F1/44—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by dialysis, osmosis or reverse osmosis
- C02F1/441—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by dialysis, osmosis or reverse osmosis by reverse osmosis
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F1/44—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by dialysis, osmosis or reverse osmosis
- C02F1/445—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by dialysis, osmosis or reverse osmosis by forward osmosis
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D2311/00—Details relating to membrane separation process operations and control
- B01D2311/14—Pressure control
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D2311/00—Details relating to membrane separation process operations and control
- B01D2311/25—Recirculation, recycling or bypass, e.g. recirculation of concentrate into the feed
- B01D2311/252—Recirculation of concentrate
- B01D2311/2521—Recirculation of concentrate to permeate side
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D2311/00—Details relating to membrane separation process operations and control
- B01D2311/25—Recirculation, recycling or bypass, e.g. recirculation of concentrate into the feed
- B01D2311/252—Recirculation of concentrate
- B01D2311/2523—Recirculation of concentrate to feed side
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D2313/00—Details relating to membrane modules or apparatus
- B01D2313/24—Specific pressurizing or depressurizing means
- B01D2313/243—Pumps
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D2313/00—Details relating to membrane modules or apparatus
- B01D2313/24—Specific pressurizing or depressurizing means
- B01D2313/246—Energy recovery means
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D2317/00—Membrane module arrangements within a plant or an apparatus
- B01D2317/02—Elements in series
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D2317/00—Membrane module arrangements within a plant or an apparatus
- B01D2317/02—Elements in series
- B01D2317/025—Permeate series
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D2317/00—Membrane module arrangements within a plant or an apparatus
- B01D2317/08—Use of membrane modules of different kinds
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D2321/00—Details relating to membrane cleaning, regeneration, sterilization or to the prevention of fouling
- B01D2321/16—Use of chemical agents
- B01D2321/167—Use of scale inhibitors
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D2325/00—Details relating to properties of membranes
- B01D2325/20—Specific permeability or cut-off range
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Water Supply & Treatment (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Nanotechnology (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Hydrology & Water Resources (AREA)
- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Separation Using Semi-Permeable Membranes (AREA)
Abstract
一种用于净化高浓度原料液的实例水净化***包含高截留率正渗透模块、一或多个低截留率模块及高截留率反渗透模块。所述低截留率模块可具有不同的截留率水平。所述***可由一或多个泵加压。所述低截留率模块中的一或多者可包含一或多个纳滤NF膜。汲取液可包含单价盐、多价盐或两者的组合。
Description
交叉引用
本申请案主张2013年3月15日申请的第61/794,537号美国临时申请案的早先申请日期的权益,所述申请案的全文出于任何目的而以引用的方式并入本文中。
技术领域
本文中描述的实例涉及可用于正渗透(FO)或反渗透(RO)或大体上任何分离过程的分离***、元件及方法。
政府赞助
本发明在由国防部授权的合同号为W911NF-09-C-0079下受政府的支持。政府对本发明具有某些权利。
背景技术
对于渗透预处理,较高汲取液渗透势实质上增加***的原料浓度操作窗。常规***通常具有对用于反渗透(RO)的汲取液浓度的限制。
在RO***中,可处理的最大原料盐度受汲取液的最大盐度限制。汲取液通常受限于80,000ppm的高点,这是由于任何较大浓度将需要将使膜破裂的RO静水压力。最大RO操作静水压力通常在1000与1200psi之间。以下大体上解释此限制。跨越RO膜的通量与活性膜压力成正比。活性膜压力为跨越RO膜的静水压力差(通常为到近大气渗透物的800psi原料)减去跨越RO膜的渗透压力差(通常为500psi到近0psi渗透物的原料)。可通过改变前述值中的任何者调整活性膜压力。虽然原料的渗透压力可在***中容易地调整,但渗透物的渗透压力通常固定为近零,且为RO膜的抑制的函数(被定义为1减去进入渗透物的盐的分数,典型RO抑制大于99%)。
因此,与膜驱动***相比,能够处理浓度超过80,000ppm的原料液的净化***通常使用热变及相变,从而引起大占据面积、高能量需求及高资金***成本。当原料总溶解溶质(TDS)大于80,000ppm时或当必须将较低TDS原料液处理为具有超过80,000ppm的废料的高回收(例如,零液体排放应用)时使用这些***。
发明内容
本文中揭示用于净化的设备、***及方法的实例。举例来说,一种设备可包含:可接收原料流及高浓度汲取流以产生第一流的正渗透模块;可加压于所述第一流的泵;可接收所述经加压第一流以产生所述高浓度汲取流及低浓度汲取流的低抑制膜模块;及可接收所述低浓度流以产生产物流及截留流的反渗透模块。来自所述反渗透流的所述截留流可与所述第一流组合且被提供到所述低抑制模块。所述汲取流可包含多价盐。
一种实例***可包含:可经配置以接收汲取流及原料流以产生第一流的正渗透级;经配置以接收所述第一流且产生输出流的串联连接的多个低抑制级;及可接收所述输出流以产生截留流及产物流的反渗透级。所述低抑制级可各自产生截留流且将所述截留流提供到前一低抑制级。
又一实例,一种方法可包含:将汲取流提供到正渗透模块;将原料流提供到所述正渗透模块;用所述正渗透模块过滤所述原料流,此可产生第一流;加压于所述第一流;用低抑制模块过滤所述经加压第一流,此可产生稀释流;及用反渗透模块过滤所述稀释流,此可产生产物流。所述方法可进一步包含将阻垢剂或防污剂添加到所述原料流。
附图说明
图1为根据本发明的实施例的净化***的框图。
图2为根据本发明的另一实施例的净化***的框图。
图3为根据本发明的又一实施例的净化***的框图。
具体实施方式
下文陈述某些细节以提供对本发明的实施例的充分理解。然而,所属领域的技术人员应清楚,可在无需这些特定细节的情况下实践本发明的实施例。在一些情况下,尚未详细地展示众所周知的化学结构、化学成分、分子、材料、制造组件、控制***、电子组件、时序协议及软件操作以避免不必要地混淆本发明所描述的实施例。
在本文中描述的实例中,可使用以两个或两个以上模块的阵列深入地分级的纳滤(NF)及/或反渗透(RO)膜模块且允许上游级中的NF或RO膜的渗透物侧上的盐浓度增加来克服对用于RO及高压RO的汲取液浓度的现有限制。以此方式,跨越每一RO膜的有效浓度差与所需施加的液压压力一起减小。可以若干方式产生RO膜的渗透物侧上增加的盐浓度,所述方式包含利用较少选择性RO膜或具有4个通口(例如,汲取物入口/出口、渗透物入口/出口)的RO膜样式。由于回收的倍增性质而通常不进行RO模块的此分级,此意味着总***回收率可能非常低。本文中描述的实例的优点及常规***的任何所描述缺点不希望为限制性的,且经提供以辅助理解。应理解,一些实例可不展现所有或甚至任何所描述优点。此外,一些实例可不解决常规***的所有或甚至任何所描述缺点。
通过将多个反渗透(RO)器皿与正渗透预处理配对,一些实例中的总***回收率可与RO***回收率解耦。在一些实例中,与在未使用FO预处理***的情况下的回收率相比,正渗透(FO)预处理与多级NF及/或RO的耦合允许总***水回收率增加。
在图1的框图中说明根据本发明的实施例的实例净化***10。***10可能够通过以高于原料100的浓度再产生汲取液105而处理超过80,000ppm浓度的原料液100。虽然在一些实施例中可能需要超过1200psi的静水压力以通过将再浓缩断开成两个或两个以上级(每一级可在低于膜的爆裂压力的静水压力下操作)在一个级中用RO膜的阵列再浓缩此汲取液。高压RO元件通常为额定1800psi,但当可减轻污物形成及污垢形成时可高达3000psi。
在一些实例中,将再浓缩分离成多个级可使用一或多个中压驱动脱盐膜。虽然跨越这些膜的静水压力或渗透压力差相对于常规RO膜的限制可不增加,但还可通过增加渗透物渗透压力增加原料渗透压力,此可使两个流之间的渗透压力差保持恒定。可使用相对于常规RO膜(例如NR膜或松散RO膜)具有减小的盐截留率的膜。
返回到图1,***10说明可能够将高浓度原料处理成小于120kppm的浓度的两级FO/RO***。所述***可使用氯化钠汲取溶质,但可以单一形式或以组合形式而与其它汲取溶质一起被利用。所述***包含三个膜阵列:FO模块103、低抑制压力驱动脱盐模块110(LR),及RO模块116。FO模块103通常包含并联布置、串联布置或两者的组合的FO膜阵列。通常可使用任何适合的RO膜。FO模块103通常可具有高盐截留率(例如,通常大于95%)。LR模块110通常包含具有小于RO的盐截留率(例如,其通常为99%或更大)的膜阵列。LR模块中的膜阵列可被串联布置、并联布置或其组合。通常,所述模块的盐截留率(例如,氯化钠抑制)可小于90%,在一些实例中小于80%,在一些实例中小于70%,在一些实例中小于60%,在一些实例中小于50%。RO模块116通常包含并联布置、串联布置或两者的组合的RO膜阵列。通常可使用任何适合的RO膜。RO模块可具有高抑制(例如,通常大于99%)。
在实例操作期间,高浓度原料流102进入FO模块103,在FO模块103处,高浓度原料流102被脱水且作为截留流104而离开***。通常,可将任何流用作原料流,包含但不限于海水或废水。高浓度汲取流105(例如,120kppm)以可为近大气的压力流动(例如,1MGD),进入FO模块103,此吸收质量且变得稀释,从而作为具有减小的浓度(例如,80kppm)的第一流106而离开,且高浓度汲取流105以可为近大气的压力流动(例如,1.5MGD)。此流的浓度可能太高而不能用单级RO进行回收。接着可由泵107(其可能为高压泵)加压(例如,1000psi)于所述流,接着与具有流率(例如,0.5MGD)的邻近反渗透截留(例如,卤水)流117(其可为高压流)组合,从而形成具有流率(例如,2MGD)的流109。所述压力可保持上升(例如,1000psi)。流109可与低截留率压力驱动盐截留模块110(LR)接触,低抑制压力驱动盐截留模块110(LR)可具有(例如)50%的截留率及50%的回收率。在其它实例中,模块110的盐截留率(例如,氯化钠截留率)可小于40%、小于50%、小于60%、小于70%、小于80%,或在一些实例中小于90%。在其它实例中,模块110的回收率可小于90%、小于70%、小于50%、小于30%且大于10%。与其中(例如)50%回收引起约为原料流的浓度两倍的截留流在高TDS处限制回收的RO膜对比,LR膜将由于散装盐跨越所述膜进行转移而具有小于两倍的原料流的浓度,从而允许比典型RO膜高的回收比率。流109的静水压力可克服跨越膜的平均浓度差(例如,40kppm乘300psi),从而产生流动(例如,1MGD)且可具有近大气的压力的低浓度流113(例如,40kppm),及可流动(例如,1MGD)且具有较高压力(例如,1000psi)的高浓度汲取流111(例如,120kppm)。
此流的压力可跨越能量回收装置112(例如,液压电动机)而减低,从而形成可被馈送到FO膜阵列103的低压高浓度汲取流105。接着可由泵114将低浓度流113加压到较高压力(例如,1000psi),从而形成流115。将此流馈送到可具有高截留率(例如,大于99%、大于98%、大于97%、大于95%,或在一些实例中大于90%)的级2RO模块116。静水压力可克服跨越膜的平均浓度差(例如,40kppm乘300psi)且可产生高质量产物流118。
产物流118可具有几乎0kppm(例如,350ppm)的浓度、0.5MGD的流量及近大气的压力。RO模块116还可产生反渗透截留流117,反渗透截留流117可与流108组合且如上文所论述而被再循环。反渗透截留流117可具有80kppm的浓度、0.5MGD的流量及1000psi的压力。
可将纳滤(NF)膜用作模块110中的中间级1压力驱动盐截留膜阵列。与趋向于以比单价盐高的百分比截留多价盐的RO膜不同,NF膜可以比多价盐高的百分比截留单价盐。此可通过具有包含单价盐(例如,氯化钠或氯化锂)及多价盐(例如,氯化镁、氯化钙、硫酸镁或磷酸钠)两者的汲取溶质予以充分利用。举例来说,NF膜可以70%截留单价盐且以30%截留多价盐,但在其它实例中可使用其它截留百分比。当进入模块110时,多价盐可更可能在低浓度流113中离开所述模块,且单价盐可更可能在高浓度汲取流111中离开所述模块。
因此,级2RO模块116可为脱盐流115,脱盐流115的盐主要为多价盐,此可引起较高质量的较低TDS产物流118。在另一实例中,NF膜可比单价盐更好地抑制多价盐,此可引起较高的特定RO通量。在其它实例中,FO模块103可接收汲取液流105,汲取液流105的盐主要为单价盐,此可引起比用多价盐所达到的通量高的特定通量。
表1含有用于图1所说明的***中的不同点的实例流率、静水压力及溶质浓度。表1中给出的值为示范性的且不应被解释为将本发明的实施例限于所给出的值。在其它实例中,可使用流率、静水压力及溶质浓度的其它值。
表1:用于两级FO/RO***10的示范性值
图1中的元件编号 | 流量(MGD) | 静水压力(psi) | 浓度(ppm) | |
原料 | 102 | 0.63 | 5.0 | 35,000 |
原料废料 | 104 | 0.13 | 0.0 | 105,000 |
FO汲取废料 | 106 | 1.50 | 0.5 | 80,000 |
经加压FO汲取废料 | 108 | 1.50 | 980 | 80,000 |
级1LR汲取原料 | 109 | 2.00 | 980 | 80,000 |
级1LR汲取废料 | 111 | 1.00 | 965 | 120,000 |
FO汲取原料 | 105 | 1.00 | 3.0 | 120,000 |
级1LR渗透物 | 113 | 1.00 | 0.5 | 40,000 |
级2RO原料 | 115 | 1.00 | 1000 | 40,000 |
级2RO废料 | 117 | 0.50 | 985 | 80,000 |
***渗透物 | 118 | 0.50 | 0.0 | 350 |
图2说明根据本发明的实施例的三级***20的框图。三级FORO***20可能够将高浓度原料处理为小于160kppm的浓度。所述***被认为具有氯化钠汲取溶质,但可以单一形式或以与包含氯化钠的其它溶质(例如,多价物)组合的形式而与其它汲取溶质一起被利用。***20可包含四个膜阵列:具有高抑制(例如,通常大于95%)的FO模块103、具有小于RO的抑制(例如,通常为33%)的中间级1压力驱动脱盐膜阵列(例如,LR模块)125、具有小于RO的抑制(例如,通常为50%)的中间级2压力驱动脱盐膜阵列(例如,LR模块)132,及具有高抑制(例如,通常大于99%)的最终级3RO模块137。
在操作期间,高浓度原料流102可进入FO模块103,在FO模块103处,高浓度原料流102被脱水且作为废料或废物流104而离开***。高浓度汲取流120(例如,160kppm)以可为近大气的压力流动(例如,1.5MGD),进入FO模块103,此吸收质量且变得稀释,从而作为流121(例如,120kppm)而离开,其中增加流量(例如,2MGD)具有可为近大气的压力。此流的浓度可能太高而不能用单级或双级RO进行回收。接着可由泵122将所述流加压到较高压力(例如,1000psi),接着与邻近高压流133组合,从而形成流124,其具有增加的流量(例如,3MGD),但具有相同的压力(例如,1000psi)。流124可与可具有33%的抑制的LR模块125接触。静水压力(例如,1000psi)可克服跨越膜的平均浓度差(例如,60kppm乘300psi),从而产生具有减小的流量(例如,1.5MGD)且可具有为近大气的压力的低浓度流128(例如,80kppm)。LR模块125还可产生具有减小的流量(例如,1.5MGD)及较高压力(例如,1000psi)的高浓度汲取流126(例如,160kppm)。
流126的压力可跨越液压电动机(能量回收装置)127而减低,从而形成可被馈送到FO膜阵列103的流120。接着可由第二泵129加压(例如,1000psi)于低浓度流128,从而形成流130。接着将此流130与邻近高压流138组合,从而形成具有增加的流量(例如,2MGD)的流131。流131与可具有50%的抑制的LR模块132接触。静水压力(例如,1000psi)可克服跨越膜的平均浓度差(例如,60kppm乘300psi),从而产生具有减小的流量(例如,1GMD)且可具有为近大气的压力的稀释流134(例如,40kppm),及可具有减小的流量(例如,1GMD)及较高压力(例如,1000psi)的高浓度抑制流133(例如,120kppm)。此高浓度抑制流133可与如上文所描述的流123组合且被再循环。可接着由第三泵135加压(例如,1000psi)于稀释流134,从而形成流136。此流136被馈送到可具有大于99%的抑制的级3RO模块137。静水压力(例如,1000psi)可克服跨越膜的平均浓度差(例如,60kppm乘300psi),从而产生可具有几乎0kppm的浓度、0.5MGD的流量及近大气的压力的高质量产物流118。RO模块137还可产生且反渗透截留流138,其可具有80kppm的浓度、0.5MGD的流量及1000psi的压力。此反渗透截留流138可与如上文所描述的流130组合且被再循环。
表2含有用于图2所说明的***中的不同点的实例流率、静水压力及溶质浓度。表2中给出的值为示范性的且不应被解释为将本发明的实施例限于所给出的值。流率、静水压力及溶质浓度的其它值可为可能的。
表2:用于三级FO/RO***20的示范性值
虽然图1及2中已分别展示两级***及三级***,但在其它实例中可使用任何数目个级。通常,实例***包含FO模块,FO模块的汲取流输出被提供到具有低抑制压力驱动脱盐膜的一个或一系列LR模块。每一LR模块可产生被提供到所述系列中的下一LR模块或提供到稍后RO模块的低浓度流,及被反馈到最后级(例如,FO模块汲取或到早先LR模块)的较高浓度流。提供后续RO模块,所述RO模块从所述系列中的最后LR模块接收低浓度流,从而提供产物流。
包含于图1及2所说明的***10及20中的本文中描述的实例的原料及汲取水可具有额外预处理来以高回收率移除增加浓度的污垢或污物。回收率为渗透物流(X)除以原料流(Y)的比率。污垢可包含但不限于:碳酸钙、碳酸钠、硅石、石膏、硫酸钡、硫酸锶及氟化钙。污物可包含但不限于:小型有机分子、颗粒或胶体,或生物膜生长。可用阻垢剂或防污剂处理原料及汲取水以防止FO膜或RO膜的污垢形成或污物形成。阻垢剂可包含浓缩聚磷酸盐、有机磷酸盐及聚电解质。可通过添加亚硫酸氢钠来实现原料水的脱氯。可升高原料水及汲取物的pH以移除硬度及碱度或增加弱电离阴离子的截留,例如硼酸盐、氰化物、氟化物及某些砷或硒化合物。可降低原料水及汲取物的pH以减小污垢形成。原料或汲取物中的任一者可取决于原料水、操作参数(例如,回收率)及所要***渗透物质量而具有以任何组合及以任何次序的额外阻垢剂、防污剂、pH调整、除气。
可在批次模式中完成汲取流的污垢及污物移除过程(例如pH调整),在批次模式中,当污垢及污物移除过程完成时,汲取回路被排干且用另一汲取液替换。还可在半批次模式中完成污垢及污物移除过程,使得每次针对处理来移除汲取回路的小部分。可独立地调整正渗透膜及反渗透膜的截留以及污垢形成及污物形成倾向。接着可优化所述***以如针对特定应用所希望而最小化耗材且最大化总效率。
与传统反渗透***不同,图1及2所展示的FO/RO***的汲取液复合物可经调谐以优化所述***的性能。汲取液可为具有来自反渗透膜的高截留率的任何水溶液。汲取溶质可优选地为无机盐,例如氯化钠、氯化镁、硫酸镁、硫酸钠或磷酸钠。汲取溶质可为单价或多价。汲取液可为盐(单价或多价两者)的混合物。低截留率反渗透膜(例如包含于LR模块中的低截留率反渗透膜)可为用于高氯化钠截留率(例如,大于99%)的标准反渗透膜,例如DOWSW30膜。低截留率反渗透膜可为具有适度氯化钠截留率(大于80%)及高多价截留率(例如,大于90%)的纳滤膜,例如DOWNF90。低截留率反渗透膜可为磺化聚砜纳滤膜,例如海德能(Hydranautics)HydraCoRe70。
在图1及2所说明的两个***中,可包含于LR模块中的低截留率反渗透膜可通过化学地处理标准反渗透膜而调谐。在一些实例中,低截留率反渗透膜可为具有聚酰胺选择性层的薄膜复合膜。可减小聚酰胺层的交联密度,从而增加透盐率(减小选择性)且增加渗水性。举例来说,可将DOWSW30膜暴露到1000ppm次氯酸钠溶液达10分钟到6小时且接着用硫酸氢钠或水进行冲洗。可将所述膜的氯化钠截留率从99%减小到10%。经处理膜可具有高的多价盐截留率。可取决于所述膜对单价盐及多价盐的相对截留率及优选操作参数来选择单价盐及多价盐的汲取溶质复合物及反渗透膜。
图3中说明根据本发明的原理的多通口净化***30。在此实例中,汲取液300由泵305带到第一RO元件315的第一通口310。来自第一RO元件315的截留流355被减压且由能量回收装置370返回到汲取液作为浓缩流360。渗透物320由泵325加压且被递送到第二RO元件335中的输入通口330。产物作为流340而离开RO元件335。截留流345由能量回收装置365减压且被返回到第一RO元件315中的第二通口350。
在图3所展示的实例实施例中,渗透预处理可与多个RO级及4通口RO元件一起被使用。4通口RO元件可允许盐溶液通过RO1的渗透物通道而循环,此可减低跨越膜RO1的有效渗透压差。器皿RO2可利用标准3通口RO元件。中间汲取液的浓度可在入口汲取液浓度与产物水之间。在两级***中,此浓度可约为入口汲取液与产物水浓度之间的差的一半。在此实例中,跨越每一RO元件的盐度差可仅约为从入口到产物的总盐度减小的一半。
在无FO预处理的此多级RO***的水回收单独为RO步骤中的每一者的水回收的产物。对于其中RO步骤中的每一者的水回收为10%的***,总***水回收仅为1%。然而,当FO预处理***耦合到多级RO***时,整个***的总回收等于FO回路的水回收且独立于所述***的RO部分的水回收,因此其可大于1%。
从前述应了解,尽管本文中已出于说明的目的而描述本发明的特定实施例,但在不背离本发明的精神及范围的情况下可做出各种修改。
Claims (30)
1.一种设备,其包括:
经配置以接收原料流及高浓度汲取流的正渗透模块,其中所述正渗透模块进一步经配置以从所述原料流及所述高浓度汲取流产生包括水的第一流;
经配置以加压于所述第一流的泵;
经配置以接收所述经加压第一流且产生所述高浓度汲取流及低浓度流的低截留率膜模块;及
经配置以接收所述低浓度流且产生产物流及反渗透截留流的反渗透模块。
2.根据权利要求1所述的设备,其进一步包括经配置以加压于被提供到所述反渗透模块的所述低浓度流的第二泵。
3.根据权利要求1所述的设备,其中所述第一流被加压到小于3000psi。
4.根据权利要求1所述的设备,其进一步包括经配置以减小由所述低截留率模块产生的所述高浓度汲取流的压力的能量回收装置。
5.根据权利要求4所述的设备,其中所述能量回收装置及所述泵为集成组件。
6.根据权利要求1所述的设备,其进一步包括经配置以将所述原料流提供到所述正渗透模块的进料泵。
7.根据权利要求1所述的设备,其中所述反渗透截留流与被提供到所述低截留率模块的所述第一流组合。
8.根据权利要求1所述的设备,其中所述低截留率模块具有小于90%的回收率。
9.根据权利要求1所述的设备,其中所述低截留率模块包括具有小于90%的盐截留率的膜。
10.根据权利要求1所述的设备,其进一步包括经配置以将溶质提供到所述高浓度汲取流的计量泵。
11.根据权利要求10所述的设备,其中所述溶质包括多价盐。
12.根据权利要求10所述的设备,其中所述溶质包括单价盐。
13.根据权利要求1所述的设备,其中所述低浓度流被提供到经配置以产生稀释流及截留流的第二低截留率模块,且其中所述反渗透模块经配置以接收所述稀释流。
14.根据权利要求13所述的设备,其中所述截留流与被提供到所述低截留率模块的所述第一流组合。
15.根据权利要求13所述的设备,其中所述反渗透截留流与被提供到所述第二低截留率模块的所述低浓度流组合。
16.根据权利要求13所述的设备,其进一步包括经配置以加压于被提供到所述反渗透模块的所述稀释流的第三泵。
17.一种***,其包括:
经配置以接收原料流及汲取流的正渗透级,其中所述正渗透级进一步经配置以产生第一流;
串联连接的多个低截留率级,其中所述多个低截留率级中的第一低截留率级经配置以接收所述第一流且将输出流提供到所述多个低截留率级中的下一低截留率级;及
经配置以从所述多个低截留率级中的最终低截留率级接收所述输出流的反渗透级,其中所述反渗透级进一步经配置以提供产物流及反渗透截留流。
18.根据权利要求17所述的***,其中所述多个低截留率级进一步经配置以将截留流提供到串联连接的所述多个低截留率级中的前一低截留率级。
19.根据权利要求17所述的***,其进一步包括经配置以加压于所述第一流的泵。
20.根据权利要求17所述的***,其中所述多个低截留率级的回收率是至少部分地基于所述多个低截留率级的数量。
21.根据权利要求17所述的***,其中所述多个低截留率级中的至少一者具有小于90%的盐截留率。
22.一种方法,其包括:
将汲取流提供到正渗透模块;
将原料流提供到所述正渗透模块;
用所述正渗透模块过滤所述原料流以产生第一流;
加压于所述第一流;
用低截留率模块过滤所述经加压第一流以产生稀释流;及
用反渗透模块过滤所述稀释流以产生产物流。
23.根据权利要求22所述的方法,其进一步包括:
用所述反渗透模块产生截留流;及
组合所述截留流与所述第一流。
24.根据权利要求22所述的方法,其进一步包括将溶质添加到所述汲取流。
25.根据权利要求24所述的方法,其中所述溶质包括单价盐。
26.根据权利要求24所述的方法,其中所述溶质包括多价盐。
27.根据权利要求22所述的方法,其进一步包括:
用第二低截留率模块过滤所述稀释流以产生低浓度流;及
将所述低浓度流提供到所述反渗透模块。
28.根据权利要求22所述的方法,其进一步包括将阻垢剂添加到所述原料流。
29.根据权利要求22所述的方法,其进一步包括将防污剂添加到所述原料流。
30.根据权利要求22所述的方法,其进一步包括移除污垢。
Applications Claiming Priority (3)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
US201361794537P | 2013-03-15 | 2013-03-15 | |
US61/794,537 | 2013-03-15 | ||
PCT/US2014/029332 WO2014144778A1 (en) | 2013-03-15 | 2014-03-14 | Advancements in osmotically driven membrane systems including multi-stage purification |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
CN105142762A true CN105142762A (zh) | 2015-12-09 |
CN105142762B CN105142762B (zh) | 2019-05-31 |
Family
ID=51537764
Family Applications (2)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
CN201480025277.8A Active CN105188889B (zh) | 2013-03-15 | 2014-03-14 | 包含低压控制的渗透驱动隔膜***的发展 |
CN201480022732.9A Active CN105142762B (zh) | 2013-03-15 | 2014-03-14 | 包含多级净化的渗透驱动膜***的改进 |
Family Applications Before (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
CN201480025277.8A Active CN105188889B (zh) | 2013-03-15 | 2014-03-14 | 包含低压控制的渗透驱动隔膜***的发展 |
Country Status (5)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (3) | US10500544B2 (zh) |
EP (1) | EP2969145A4 (zh) |
CN (2) | CN105188889B (zh) |
AU (1) | AU2014228787B2 (zh) |
WO (2) | WO2014144704A1 (zh) |
Cited By (9)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
CN105800851A (zh) * | 2016-05-23 | 2016-07-27 | 海博伦(苏州)环境科技股份有限公司 | 正渗透汲取液及其循环再生方法和应用 |
CN106422780A (zh) * | 2016-11-02 | 2017-02-22 | 中国石油大学(华东) | 一种可连续操作的循环式正渗透高盐有机废水处理*** |
CN107698084A (zh) * | 2017-10-17 | 2018-02-16 | 广州雅津水处理设备有限公司 | 一种降低废水浓盐量的过滤*** |
CN110290854A (zh) * | 2016-12-23 | 2019-09-27 | 波里费拉公司 | 通过正向渗透除去醇溶液的组分和相关*** |
CN111994999A (zh) * | 2019-05-27 | 2020-11-27 | 国家能源投资集团有限责任公司 | 一种正渗透耦合反渗透的浓缩***及其使用方法 |
CN112456687A (zh) * | 2020-12-16 | 2021-03-09 | 北京城市排水集团有限责任公司 | 一种垃圾渗滤液浓缩液减量化方法及*** |
US11571660B2 (en) | 2015-06-24 | 2023-02-07 | Porifera, Inc. | Methods of dewatering of alcoholic solutions via forward osmosis and related systems |
US11759751B2 (en) | 2012-12-21 | 2023-09-19 | Porifera, Inc. | Separation systems, elements, and methods for separation utilizing stacked membranes and spacers |
TWI835878B (zh) * | 2018-10-05 | 2024-03-21 | 日商奧璐佳瑙股份有限公司 | 水處理裝置及水處理方法 |
Families Citing this family (34)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US20140224716A1 (en) | 2013-02-08 | 2014-08-14 | Oasys Water, Inc. | Osmotic separation systems and methods |
WO2014144704A1 (en) | 2013-03-15 | 2014-09-18 | Porifera, Inc. | Advancements in osmotically driven membrane systems including low pressure control |
CN105683093B (zh) | 2013-08-05 | 2019-07-09 | 格雷迪安特公司 | 水处理***及相关方法 |
US10308537B2 (en) | 2013-09-23 | 2019-06-04 | Gradiant Corporation | Desalination systems and associated methods |
WO2016057764A1 (en) * | 2014-10-10 | 2016-04-14 | Oasys Water, Inc. | Osmotic separation systems and methods |
US10384169B2 (en) | 2014-10-31 | 2019-08-20 | Porifera, Inc. | Supported carbon nanotube membranes and their preparation methods |
GB201501684D0 (en) * | 2015-02-02 | 2015-03-18 | Surrey Aquatechnology Ltd | Brine Concentration |
US10167218B2 (en) | 2015-02-11 | 2019-01-01 | Gradiant Corporation | Production of ultra-high-density brines |
US10308526B2 (en) | 2015-02-11 | 2019-06-04 | Gradiant Corporation | Methods and systems for producing treated brines for desalination |
GB201503728D0 (en) * | 2015-03-05 | 2015-04-22 | Surrey Aquatechnology Ltd | Purification of highly saline feeds |
CA2993007C (en) | 2015-07-29 | 2023-04-04 | Gradiant Corporation | Osmotic desalination methods and associated systems |
WO2017030932A1 (en) | 2015-08-14 | 2017-02-23 | Gradiant Corporation | Selective retention of multivalent ions |
US10245555B2 (en) | 2015-08-14 | 2019-04-02 | Gradiant Corporation | Production of multivalent ion-rich process streams using multi-stage osmotic separation |
KR101838211B1 (ko) * | 2015-10-16 | 2018-03-13 | 광주과학기술원 | 가압형 정삼투 및 역삼투 혼합형 해수 담수화 장치 |
ES2619113B1 (es) * | 2015-12-22 | 2018-05-08 | Acciona Agua, S.A. | Procedimiento de control de sistema combinado de ósmosis directa y nanofiltración u ósmosis inversa |
CN108883344A (zh) | 2016-01-22 | 2018-11-23 | 格雷迪安特公司 | 在加湿器例如多级鼓泡塔加湿器中使用高气体流速形成固体盐 |
WO2017147113A1 (en) | 2016-02-22 | 2017-08-31 | Gradiant Corporation | Hybrid desalination systems and associated methods |
EP3426607A4 (en) * | 2016-03-09 | 2019-10-16 | Enrgistream Pty Ltd | METHOD AND SYSTEM FOR TREATING WASTEWATER AND GENERATING ELECTRICITY |
CN106082397B (zh) * | 2016-06-12 | 2021-04-20 | 东华大学 | 一种同步污水再生和海水淡化的***及方法 |
AU2017305436B2 (en) * | 2016-08-04 | 2019-11-28 | Oasys Water LLC | Systems and methods for improving performance of forward osmosis systems |
IL247687B (en) * | 2016-09-07 | 2018-06-28 | Israel Aerospace Ind Ltd | Method and system for liquid treatment |
EP3570965A4 (en) * | 2017-01-20 | 2021-02-17 | Trevi Systems Inc. | REVERSE OSMOSIS MEMBRANE AND MODULE SUPPORTED BY OSMOTIC PRESSURE |
EP3580180A4 (en) | 2017-02-09 | 2021-01-06 | Robert A. Bergstrom | LYE DISPERSER SYSTEM |
CN107311353A (zh) * | 2017-08-17 | 2017-11-03 | 苏州富特尼水务工程有限公司 | 一种高盐水零排放处理*** |
US10882765B2 (en) * | 2017-09-25 | 2021-01-05 | Fluid Equipment Development Company, Llc | Method and system for operating a high recovery separation process |
US11655547B2 (en) * | 2018-04-19 | 2023-05-23 | Sanza T. Kazadi | Method for generating clean water, hydrogen, and oxygen from contaminated effluent |
EP3823740A4 (en) * | 2018-07-20 | 2022-04-13 | Porifera, Inc. | OSMOSMODULES WITH RECIRCULATION LOOPS |
US11629072B2 (en) | 2018-08-22 | 2023-04-18 | Gradiant Corporation | Liquid solution concentration system comprising isolated subsystem and related methods |
CN111346512B (zh) * | 2018-12-20 | 2023-03-31 | 国家能源投资集团有限责任公司 | 含盐水的反渗透处理方法和反渗透*** |
CN111233101A (zh) * | 2020-02-27 | 2020-06-05 | 广东溢达纺织有限公司 | 一种印染废水的处理方法及处理装置 |
CA3197204A1 (en) | 2020-11-17 | 2022-05-27 | Richard STOVER | Osmotic methods and systems involving energy recovery |
CN112723638A (zh) * | 2020-12-29 | 2021-04-30 | 东莞市格美节能设备有限公司 | 一种高盐废水零排放处理的方法 |
US11534719B1 (en) | 2021-07-02 | 2022-12-27 | Gradiant Corporation | Membranes with controlled porosity for serial filtration |
WO2023147379A1 (en) * | 2022-01-25 | 2023-08-03 | Porifera, Inc. | Alcohol removal by dilution and concentration of alcoholic solutions |
Citations (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US20110017666A1 (en) * | 2004-12-06 | 2011-01-27 | Cath Tzahi Y | Systems and methods for purification of liquids |
CA2785807A1 (en) * | 2009-12-30 | 2011-07-28 | Chevron U.S.A. Inc. | Method and system using hybrid forward osmosis-nanofiltration (h-fonf) employing polyvalent ions in a draw solution for treating produced water |
WO2012102677A1 (en) * | 2011-01-24 | 2012-08-02 | Nano-Mem Pte. Ltd. | Method and apparatus for recovering water from a source water |
Family Cites Families (176)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US2116920A (en) | 1934-01-11 | 1938-05-10 | Beau May Process Corp | Concentration of liquid food material |
US3216930A (en) | 1963-01-04 | 1965-11-09 | Dow Chemical Co | Process for liquid recovery and solution concentration |
GB1128181A (en) | 1965-01-20 | 1968-09-25 | Goran Heden | An apparatus for dialysis, heat exchange or gas exchange |
US3721621A (en) | 1969-12-02 | 1973-03-20 | W Hough | Forward-osmosis solvent extraction |
FR2189091A1 (en) | 1972-06-16 | 1974-01-25 | Srti Soc Rech Tech Ind | Compact exchange device for elements - contained in one of two fluids |
DE2851105A1 (de) | 1978-11-25 | 1980-05-29 | Knut Stache | Osmotisches meerwasserentsalzungsgeraet fuer seenotfaelle |
JPS5588767A (en) | 1978-12-27 | 1980-07-04 | Tokyo Eizai Lab | Composition for thermal plastic fixing bandage that can be manufactured in solventless shape and preparation of fixing bandage |
US4900443A (en) | 1980-03-14 | 1990-02-13 | Memtec North America Corporation | Porous aramid membranes and emulsions useful for the casting thereof |
US4428720A (en) | 1980-04-22 | 1984-01-31 | Signode Corporation | Apparatus for producing polypropylene sheet |
US4454176A (en) | 1981-10-21 | 1984-06-12 | E. I. Du Pont De Nemours And Company | Supported reverse osmosis membranes |
JPS5959213A (ja) | 1982-09-28 | 1984-04-05 | Teijin Ltd | 多孔質支持膜及びそれを用いた複合膜 |
GB8303611D0 (en) | 1983-02-09 | 1983-03-16 | Ag Patents Ltd | Concentration of alcoholic beverages |
US4618533A (en) | 1984-11-30 | 1986-10-21 | Millipore Corporation | Porous membrane having hydrophilic surface and process |
JPS62140620A (ja) | 1985-12-16 | 1987-06-24 | Toray Ind Inc | 薄膜の製造方法 |
US4756835A (en) | 1986-08-29 | 1988-07-12 | Advanced Polymer Technology, Inc. | Permeable membranes having high flux-density and low fouling-propensity |
DK641887D0 (da) | 1987-12-07 | 1987-12-07 | Danske Sukkerfab | Apparat til fraktionering af en vaeske i to fraktioner ved membranfiltrering |
US4959237A (en) * | 1989-06-07 | 1990-09-25 | E. I. Du Pont De Nemours And Company | Reverse osmosis concentration of juice products with improved flavor |
US5100556A (en) | 1989-07-21 | 1992-03-31 | The Standard Oil Company | Transverse sheet membrane separation module, components thereof and related methods |
US5192434A (en) | 1990-06-07 | 1993-03-09 | Dow Danmark A/S | Membrane filtration apparatus and method of making a membrane filtration unit |
US5238574A (en) * | 1990-06-25 | 1993-08-24 | Kawasaki Jukogyo Kabushiki Kaisha | Method and apparatus having reverse osmosis membrane for concentrating solution |
WO1993010889A1 (en) | 1991-11-25 | 1993-06-10 | The Dow Chemical Company | Spirally wound membrane device having three channels |
US5281430A (en) | 1992-12-08 | 1994-01-25 | Osmotek, Inc. | Osmotic concentration apparatus and method for direct osmotic concentration of fruit juices |
KR960014337B1 (ko) | 1993-12-20 | 1996-10-15 | 제일합섬 주식회사 | 복합반투막의 제조방법 |
US5635071A (en) | 1995-01-20 | 1997-06-03 | Zenon Airport Enviromental, Inc. | Recovery of carboxylic acids from chemical plant effluents |
US6683783B1 (en) | 1997-03-07 | 2004-01-27 | William Marsh Rice University | Carbon fibers formed from single-wall carbon nanotubes |
US6413070B1 (en) | 1997-04-11 | 2002-07-02 | Cuno Incorporated | System for manufacturing reinforced three-zone microporous membrane |
US6264044B1 (en) | 1997-04-11 | 2001-07-24 | Cuno, Inc. | Reinforced, three zone microporous membrane |
US6132804A (en) | 1997-06-06 | 2000-10-17 | Koch Membrane Systems, Inc. | High performance composite membrane |
US6536605B2 (en) | 1997-06-06 | 2003-03-25 | Koch Membrane Systems, Inc. | High performance composite membrane |
US6037808A (en) | 1997-12-24 | 2000-03-14 | Texas Instruments Incorporated | Differential SOI amplifiers having tied floating body connections |
WO1999033949A1 (en) | 1997-12-29 | 1999-07-08 | Monsanto Company | A membrane process for making enhanced flavor fluids |
ATE316814T1 (de) | 1998-06-29 | 2006-02-15 | Microban Products | Anti-mikrobielle semipermeable membran |
CN1173770C (zh) | 1999-01-14 | 2004-11-03 | 东丽株式会社 | 复合半透膜、其制造方法和使用它的水净化方法 |
US6755970B1 (en) | 1999-06-22 | 2004-06-29 | Trisep Corporation | Back-flushable spiral wound filter and methods of making and using same |
KR100673367B1 (ko) | 1999-10-27 | 2007-01-24 | 윌리엄 마쉬 라이스 유니버시티 | 탄소 나노튜브의 거시적 정돈 어셈블리 |
DE10022259A1 (de) | 2000-05-08 | 2001-11-15 | Sartorius Gmbh | Crossflow-Filterkassetten in Form von verbesserten Weitspaltmodulen |
US7229665B2 (en) | 2001-05-22 | 2007-06-12 | Millipore Corporation | Process of forming multilayered structures |
NO314575B1 (no) | 2000-08-04 | 2003-04-14 | Statkraft Sf | Semipermeabel membran og fremgangsmate for tilveiebringelse av elektrisk kraft samt en anordning |
US20020148769A1 (en) | 2001-04-13 | 2002-10-17 | Andreas Deuschle | Spacer for membrane stacks |
US6849184B1 (en) | 2001-12-12 | 2005-02-01 | Hydration Technologies Inc. | Forward osmosis pressurized device and process for generating potable water |
WO2003053348A2 (en) | 2001-12-12 | 2003-07-03 | Hydration Technologies, Inc. | Direct osmotic hydration devices |
EP1329425A1 (en) * | 2002-01-18 | 2003-07-23 | Toray Industries, Inc. | Desalination method and desalination apparatus |
US6811696B2 (en) | 2002-04-12 | 2004-11-02 | Pall Corporation | Hydrophobic membrane materials for filter venting applications |
US7144511B2 (en) * | 2002-05-02 | 2006-12-05 | City Of Long Beach | Two stage nanofiltration seawater desalination system |
US7177978B2 (en) | 2002-08-10 | 2007-02-13 | Cisco Technology, Inc. | Generating and merging lookup results to apply multiple features |
US20040071951A1 (en) | 2002-09-30 | 2004-04-15 | Sungho Jin | Ultra-high-density information storage media and methods for making the same |
US20070181473A1 (en) | 2003-01-22 | 2007-08-09 | Thomas Manth | Water desalination installation |
US20050016922A1 (en) * | 2003-03-24 | 2005-01-27 | Enzweiler Ronald J. | Preferential precipitation membrane system and method |
GB0317839D0 (en) | 2003-07-30 | 2003-09-03 | Univ Surrey | Solvent removal process |
US6992051B2 (en) | 2003-08-28 | 2006-01-31 | Anderson Leslie C | Combination cleaning and waxing composition and method |
US7306735B2 (en) | 2003-09-12 | 2007-12-11 | General Electric Company | Process for the removal of contaminants from water |
JP4450602B2 (ja) | 2003-11-06 | 2010-04-14 | 財団法人ファインセラミックスセンター | カーボンナノチューブを用いたガス分離材及びその製造方法 |
DE502004005072D1 (de) | 2003-12-17 | 2007-11-08 | Ksb Ag | Drucktauschersystem |
EP1758671B9 (en) | 2004-04-08 | 2014-02-19 | Natrix Separations Inc. | Membrane stacks |
US7611628B1 (en) | 2004-05-13 | 2009-11-03 | University Of Kentucky Research Foundation | Aligned nanotubule membranes |
GB0416310D0 (en) | 2004-07-21 | 2004-08-25 | Bp Exploration Operating | Method |
US7627938B2 (en) | 2004-10-15 | 2009-12-08 | Board Of Regents, The Univeristy Of Texas System | Tapered hollow metallic microneedle array assembly and method of making and using the same |
CN101039738A (zh) | 2004-10-15 | 2007-09-19 | 帕尔公司 | 用于过滤组件的隔板 |
US9169579B2 (en) | 2005-03-11 | 2015-10-27 | New Jersey Institute Of Technology | Carbon nanotube mediated membrane extraction |
US7445712B2 (en) | 2005-04-07 | 2008-11-04 | Hydration Technologies Inc. | Asymmetric forward osmosis membranes |
US7989349B2 (en) | 2005-04-15 | 2011-08-02 | Micron Technology, Inc. | Methods of manufacturing nanotubes having controlled characteristics |
JP2008540070A (ja) | 2005-04-29 | 2008-11-20 | ユニバーシティー オブ ロチェスター | 超薄多孔質ナノスケール膜、その製造方法および使用 |
KR20070017740A (ko) | 2005-08-08 | 2007-02-13 | 주식회사 코오롱 | 방향족 폴리아미드 복합막의 제조방법 |
EP1928587A2 (en) | 2005-08-24 | 2008-06-11 | The Regents of the University of California | Membranes for nanometer-scale mass fast transport |
JP4374456B2 (ja) | 2006-01-05 | 2009-12-02 | 国立大学法人 東京大学 | カーボンナノチューブ自立膜及びその製造方法、並びにカーボンナノチューブ膜を有する構成体及びその製造方法 |
US8318020B2 (en) | 2006-03-16 | 2012-11-27 | Metawater Co., Ltd. | Washing method and apparatus of separation membrane |
US8246791B2 (en) | 2006-06-08 | 2012-08-21 | Yale University | Multi-stage column distillation (MSCD) method for osmotic solute recovery |
US8029671B2 (en) | 2006-06-13 | 2011-10-04 | Board Of Regents Of The Nevada System Of Higher Education, On Behalf Of The University Of Nevada, Reno | Combined membrane-distillation-forward-osmosis systems and methods of use |
US7931838B2 (en) | 2006-08-31 | 2011-04-26 | Virginia Tech Intellectual Properties, Inc. | Method for making oriented single-walled carbon nanotube/polymer nano-composite membranes |
NL1032403C2 (nl) | 2006-09-01 | 2008-03-04 | Vitens Fryslon N V | Werkwijze en inrichting voor het door middel van een membraanfiltratie-eenheid zuiveren van water. |
US8220530B2 (en) | 2006-10-17 | 2012-07-17 | Purdue Research Foundation | Electrothermal interface material enhancer |
GB0621247D0 (en) | 2006-10-25 | 2006-12-06 | Univ Surrey | Separation process |
CA2667579A1 (en) | 2006-10-27 | 2008-05-15 | The Regents Of The University Of California | Micro-and nanocomposite support structures for reverse osmosis thin film membranes |
WO2008118228A2 (en) | 2006-12-05 | 2008-10-02 | Stonybrook Water Purification | Articles comprising a fibrous support |
WO2008137082A1 (en) | 2007-05-02 | 2008-11-13 | Yale University | Method for designing membranes for osmotically driven membrane processes |
EP2150356A4 (en) | 2007-05-26 | 2012-05-30 | Stonybrook Water Purification | HIGH FLOW FLUID SEPARATION MEMBRANES COMPRISING A CELLULOSE LAYER OR CELLULOSE DERIVATIVE |
US8236178B2 (en) | 2007-08-20 | 2012-08-07 | Earth Renaissance Technologies, Llc | Reverse osmosis water recover method |
CN101821089B (zh) | 2007-09-10 | 2014-12-10 | 新加坡国立大学 | 加入纳米管的高分子膜 |
WO2009037515A2 (en) * | 2007-09-20 | 2009-03-26 | Abdulsalam Al-Mayahi | Process and systems |
WO2009039467A1 (en) | 2007-09-21 | 2009-03-26 | The Regents Of The University Of California | Nanocomposite membranes and methods of making and using same |
US8021549B2 (en) | 2007-10-02 | 2011-09-20 | The United States Of America As Represented By The Secretary Of The Navy | Method and apparatus for producing potable water from seawater using forward osmosis |
US20090098359A1 (en) | 2007-10-11 | 2009-04-16 | Waller Jr Clinton P | Hydrophilic porous substrates |
KR20100125227A (ko) | 2007-12-17 | 2010-11-30 | 벤-구리온 유니버시티 오브 더 네게브 리서치 앤드 디벨럽먼트 어쏘러티 | 탈이온화 기기 및 시스템 |
US7799221B1 (en) | 2008-01-15 | 2010-09-21 | Macharg John P | Combined axial piston liquid pump and energy recovery pressure exchanger |
ITRM20080086A1 (it) | 2008-02-18 | 2009-08-19 | Iniziativa Centro Sud S R L | Gruppo di depurazione o desalinizzatore ad osmosi inversa con recupero di energia e dosatura dell'acqua depurata |
BRPI0908960A2 (pt) | 2008-03-20 | 2020-06-23 | Yale University | Sistema de tratamento de água, método para facilitar um processo de tratamento de água, módulo de membrana de osmose reversa enrolada em espiral |
US8177978B2 (en) | 2008-04-15 | 2012-05-15 | Nanoh20, Inc. | Reverse osmosis membranes |
JP5856479B2 (ja) | 2008-04-15 | 2016-02-09 | ナノエイチツーオー・インコーポレーテッド | 複合ナノ粒子tfc膜 |
US7901578B2 (en) | 2008-04-17 | 2011-03-08 | Chevron U.S.A. Inc. | Method and system for treating an aqueous stream in the production of hydrocarbon |
WO2009148959A2 (en) | 2008-05-29 | 2009-12-10 | Lawrence Livermore National Security, Llc | Membranes with functionalized carbon nanotube pores for selective transport |
US8216473B2 (en) | 2008-06-13 | 2012-07-10 | Solution Dynamics, Llc | Apparatus and methods for solution processing using reverse osmosis |
EP2303436A4 (en) | 2008-06-20 | 2012-08-15 | Univ Yale | FORWARD OSMOSIS SEPARATION |
US20090321355A1 (en) | 2008-06-30 | 2009-12-31 | NANOASIS TECHNOLOGIES, INC., a corporation of the state of Delaware | Membranes with embedded nanotubes for selective permeability |
KR100877384B1 (ko) * | 2008-06-30 | 2009-01-07 | 바이오원 (주) | 필터링 기술을 이용한 조 글리세린의 정제방법 |
US7993524B2 (en) | 2008-06-30 | 2011-08-09 | Nanoasis Technologies, Inc. | Membranes with embedded nanotubes for selective permeability |
WO2010006196A2 (en) | 2008-07-10 | 2010-01-14 | Board Of Regents, The University Of Texas System | Water purification membranes with improved fouling resistance |
US8889201B2 (en) | 2008-08-21 | 2014-11-18 | Pat's Backcountry Beverages, Inc. | Method of making alcohol concentrate |
JP2010094641A (ja) | 2008-10-20 | 2010-04-30 | Toray Ind Inc | 複合半透膜の処理方法 |
US20100140162A1 (en) | 2008-10-24 | 2010-06-10 | Juzer Jangbarwala | Osmosis membrane with improved flux rate and uses thereof |
WO2010050421A1 (ja) | 2008-10-31 | 2010-05-06 | 東レ株式会社 | 複合半透膜およびその製造方法 |
US8252350B1 (en) | 2008-11-24 | 2012-08-28 | Cadwalader Robert E | Ethanol recovery from fermentation broth |
GB0822359D0 (en) | 2008-12-08 | 2009-01-14 | Univ Surrey | Solvent separation |
GB0822362D0 (en) | 2008-12-08 | 2009-01-14 | Surrey Aquatechnology Ltd | Improved solvent removal |
US8709373B2 (en) | 2008-12-11 | 2014-04-29 | William Marsh Rice University | Strongly bound carbon nanotube arrays directly grown on substrates and methods for production thereof |
US20100155333A1 (en) | 2008-12-18 | 2010-06-24 | Chevron U.S.A., Inc. | Process for dewatering an aqueous organic solution |
US8021553B2 (en) | 2008-12-18 | 2011-09-20 | Nrgtek, Inc. | Systems and methods for forward osmosis fluid purification using cloud point extraction |
US20120160753A1 (en) * | 2008-12-30 | 2012-06-28 | Nishith Vora | Water desalination plant and system for the production of pure water and salt |
SG10201405860RA (en) | 2009-01-13 | 2014-11-27 | Ams Technologies Int 2012 Ltd | Solvent and acid stable membranes, methods of manufacture thereof and methods of use thereof inter alia for separating metal ions from liquid process streams |
US20100224561A1 (en) | 2009-02-10 | 2010-09-09 | Marcin Mark A | Process for minimizing produced water brines using forward osmosis |
US8710109B2 (en) | 2009-02-19 | 2014-04-29 | Ben Gurion University Of The Negev Research And Development Authority | Chemically resistant membranes, coatings and films and methods for their preparation |
US20100212319A1 (en) | 2009-02-24 | 2010-08-26 | Mark Donovan | Method and apparatus for generating power utilizing forward osmosis |
WO2010104895A2 (en) | 2009-03-09 | 2010-09-16 | Herron John R | Center tube configuration for a multiple spiral wound forward osmosis element |
US8580341B2 (en) | 2009-05-22 | 2013-11-12 | General Electric Company | Method of making composite membrane |
WO2010144057A1 (en) | 2009-06-10 | 2010-12-16 | National University Of Singapore | Double selective-layer membranes |
US8286803B2 (en) | 2009-06-18 | 2012-10-16 | The Boeing Company | Methods and systems for incorporating carbon nanotubes into thin film composite reverse osmosis membranes |
WO2011008549A2 (en) | 2009-06-29 | 2011-01-20 | NanoH2O Inc. | Improved hybrid tfc ro membranes with nitrogen additives |
PE20121097A1 (es) | 2009-07-09 | 2012-09-13 | Ide Technologies Ltd | Sistema de desalinizacion |
US8181794B2 (en) | 2009-08-24 | 2012-05-22 | Oasys Water, Inc. | Forward osmosis membranes |
JP2011061026A (ja) | 2009-09-10 | 2011-03-24 | Toshiba Corp | カーボンナノチューブ配線及びその製造方法 |
US9028701B2 (en) * | 2009-09-18 | 2015-05-12 | Tmci Padovan S.P.A. | Apparatus and method for filtering liquids, particularly organic liquids |
KR101144316B1 (ko) * | 2009-10-28 | 2012-05-11 | 한국건설기술연구원 | 정삼투와 역삼투 조합형 막분리 하폐수 고도처리장치와, 상기 하폐수 고도처리를 위한 막분리공정 제어장치 및 제어방법 |
KR101749158B1 (ko) | 2009-10-30 | 2017-07-04 | 오아시스 워터, 인크. | 삼투 분리 시스템 및 방법 |
KR101684852B1 (ko) * | 2009-12-07 | 2016-12-09 | 플루이드 이큅먼트 디벨롭먼트 컴패니, 엘엘씨 | 삼투발전을 위한 장치와 방법 |
US9045351B2 (en) * | 2010-02-17 | 2015-06-02 | Hl Seawater Holdings, Llc | Zero discharge water desalination plant with minerals extraction integrated with natural gas combined cycle power generation |
US8196756B2 (en) | 2010-04-02 | 2012-06-12 | NanOasis | Asymmetric nanotube containing membranes |
JP5596784B2 (ja) | 2010-04-30 | 2014-09-24 | ウンジン ケミカル カンパニー,リミテッド | 海水淡水用正浸透膜及びその製造方法 |
US10589231B2 (en) | 2010-05-21 | 2020-03-17 | Znano Llc | Self-assembled surfactant structures |
US8294810B2 (en) | 2010-07-09 | 2012-10-23 | Altek Corporation | Assisting focusing method for face block |
KR101200838B1 (ko) | 2010-07-14 | 2012-11-13 | 한국기계연구원 | 염도차를 이용한 삼투발전 및 해수의 담수화를 위한 장치 및 방법 |
US20130264285A1 (en) * | 2010-08-13 | 2013-10-10 | Hatch Ltd. | Process and facility to treat contaminated process water |
US20120080381A1 (en) | 2010-09-30 | 2012-04-05 | General Electric Company | Thin film composite membranes incorporating carbon nanotubes |
CN103140278B (zh) | 2010-09-30 | 2015-06-10 | 海绵股份有限公司 | 用于正向渗透的薄膜复合膜及其制备方法 |
US20120103892A1 (en) | 2010-10-28 | 2012-05-03 | General Electric Company | Separation module |
KR101272868B1 (ko) | 2010-11-11 | 2013-06-11 | 한국과학기술원 | 정삼투압을 이용한 저농도 발효액의 농축 방법 |
EA201390685A1 (ru) | 2010-11-12 | 2013-10-30 | Сименс Пте. Лтд. | Распределитель потоков для электрохимического разделения |
DK177307B1 (en) | 2010-12-17 | 2012-11-12 | Aquaporin As | A liquid membrane |
WO2012084960A1 (en) | 2010-12-21 | 2012-06-28 | Statkraft Development As | Membrane system for pressure retarded osmosis (pro) |
EA025684B1 (ru) | 2011-01-13 | 2017-01-30 | Карлсберг А/С | Электромембранная система разделения |
US9375595B2 (en) | 2011-01-27 | 2016-06-28 | Jeremy Taylor | Self-testing and self-calibrating fire sprinkler system, method of installation and method of use |
US9399193B2 (en) | 2011-02-18 | 2016-07-26 | Samsung Electronics Co., Ltd. | Draw solute for forward osmosis, draw solution including the same, forward osmosis water treatment device using the same, and forward osmosis method for water treatment using the same |
US20120231535A1 (en) | 2011-02-18 | 2012-09-13 | Hydration Systems Llc | Organic Forward Osmosis System |
JP5575015B2 (ja) | 2011-03-07 | 2014-08-20 | 株式会社日立製作所 | 淡水製造システム |
US9022227B2 (en) | 2011-03-21 | 2015-05-05 | International Business Machines Corporation | Composite membranes and methods of preparation thereof |
US9216391B2 (en) | 2011-03-25 | 2015-12-22 | Porifera, Inc. | Membranes having aligned 1-D nanoparticles in a matrix layer for improved fluid separation |
FR2973397B1 (fr) | 2011-03-29 | 2015-04-24 | Commissariat Energie Atomique | Reseau de nanotubes metalliques |
US9663734B2 (en) | 2011-04-02 | 2017-05-30 | Bcr Science Pllc | Solutions of allotropes of carbon and methods of making and using the same |
US9393525B2 (en) | 2011-04-08 | 2016-07-19 | The United States of America, as represented by the Department of the Interior | Forward osmosis: recyclable driving solutes |
US20120261321A1 (en) | 2011-04-18 | 2012-10-18 | Samsung Electronics Co., Ltd. | Separation membrane, method for manufacturing the same, and forward osmosis device including the same |
WO2013003607A2 (en) | 2011-06-28 | 2013-01-03 | King Abdullah University Of Science And Technology | Apparatus, system, and method for forward osmosis in water reuse |
US20150014232A1 (en) | 2011-08-10 | 2015-01-15 | Oasys Water, Inc. | Membrane modules |
US10363336B2 (en) | 2011-08-26 | 2019-07-30 | Battelle Energy Alliance, Llc | Methods and systems for treating liquids using switchable solvents |
FR2980982B1 (fr) | 2011-10-07 | 2014-10-24 | Commissariat Energie Atomique | Dispositif comprenant un materiau composite presentant des nanotubes soumis a un champ electrique et ses utilisations |
JP2013081922A (ja) | 2011-10-12 | 2013-05-09 | Kayaba System Machinery Kk | 海水淡水化装置 |
US9227360B2 (en) | 2011-10-17 | 2016-01-05 | Porifera, Inc. | Preparation of aligned nanotube membranes for water and gas separation applications |
US20130105383A1 (en) | 2011-10-27 | 2013-05-02 | Nanyang Technological University | Nanofiltration-type thin film composite forward osmosis membrane and a method of synthesizing the same |
US20140319056A1 (en) | 2011-10-31 | 2014-10-30 | Jfe Engineering Corporation | Process for manufacturing potable water and apparatus therefor |
US9524483B2 (en) * | 2011-11-23 | 2016-12-20 | Advanced Aqua Group | Water conversion system |
JP5912506B2 (ja) | 2011-12-20 | 2016-04-27 | カヤバ システム マシナリー株式会社 | 海水淡水化装置 |
WO2013126895A1 (en) | 2012-02-23 | 2013-08-29 | Hydration Systems, Llc | Forward osmosis with an organic osmolyte for cooling towers |
KR101229482B1 (ko) * | 2012-07-12 | 2013-02-04 | 한국기계연구원 | 하이브리드형 해수 담수화 장치 및 방법 |
JP6404222B2 (ja) | 2012-10-19 | 2018-10-10 | ジョージア テック リサーチ コーポレイション | カーボンナノチューブの配向アレイ上に形成された多層被膜 |
US20150273399A1 (en) | 2012-11-02 | 2015-10-01 | Porifera, Inc. | Systems and methods for fabrication of forward osmosis membranes using roll-to-roll processing |
BR112015014776B1 (pt) | 2012-12-21 | 2021-10-13 | Porifera, Inc | Sistema e método de separação |
WO2014144704A1 (en) | 2013-03-15 | 2014-09-18 | Porifera, Inc. | Advancements in osmotically driven membrane systems including low pressure control |
WO2015009554A1 (en) * | 2013-07-15 | 2015-01-22 | Hydration Systems, Llc | Method and system for generating strong brines |
JP5900527B2 (ja) | 2014-03-31 | 2016-04-06 | 栗田工業株式会社 | 低分子量有機物含有水の処理方法 |
US20170232392A1 (en) | 2014-08-08 | 2017-08-17 | Porifera, Inc. | Systems and methods for offshore desalination and/or oil recovery |
CA2956666C (en) | 2014-08-13 | 2019-08-27 | Asahi Kasei Kabushiki Kaisha | Forward osmosis membrane and forward osmosis treatment system |
US10384169B2 (en) | 2014-10-31 | 2019-08-20 | Porifera, Inc. | Supported carbon nanotube membranes and their preparation methods |
US20160136579A1 (en) | 2014-11-17 | 2016-05-19 | Massachusetts Institute Of Technology | Minor component ratio balancing in filtration systems, and associated methods |
WO2016081399A1 (en) | 2014-11-17 | 2016-05-26 | Massachusetts Institute Of Technology | Concentration control in filtration systems, and associated methods |
US20160136578A1 (en) | 2014-11-17 | 2016-05-19 | Massachusetts Institute Of Technology | Flow control in multi-step filtration, and associated systems |
EP3400282B1 (en) | 2015-02-11 | 2024-04-17 | Bedford Systems LLC | Alcoholic beverage concentrate process |
PL3313786T3 (pl) | 2015-06-24 | 2020-11-02 | Porifera, Inc. | Sposoby odwadniania roztworów alkoholowych za pośrednictwem wymuszonej osmozy i powiązane układy |
RU2727192C2 (ru) | 2015-12-31 | 2020-07-21 | Бипи Корпорейшн Норт Америка Инк. | Способ извлечения уксусной кислоты из водных потоков |
US11541352B2 (en) | 2016-12-23 | 2023-01-03 | Porifera, Inc. | Removing components of alcoholic solutions via forward osmosis and related systems |
-
2014
- 2014-03-14 WO PCT/US2014/029227 patent/WO2014144704A1/en active Application Filing
- 2014-03-14 CN CN201480025277.8A patent/CN105188889B/zh active Active
- 2014-03-14 AU AU2014228787A patent/AU2014228787B2/en active Active
- 2014-03-14 CN CN201480022732.9A patent/CN105142762B/zh active Active
- 2014-03-14 EP EP14764413.2A patent/EP2969145A4/en active Pending
- 2014-03-14 US US14/777,418 patent/US10500544B2/en active Active
- 2014-03-14 WO PCT/US2014/029332 patent/WO2014144778A1/en active Application Filing
- 2014-03-14 US US14/777,406 patent/US9861937B2/en active Active
-
2019
- 2019-11-14 US US16/684,406 patent/US12005396B2/en active Active
Patent Citations (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US20110017666A1 (en) * | 2004-12-06 | 2011-01-27 | Cath Tzahi Y | Systems and methods for purification of liquids |
CA2785807A1 (en) * | 2009-12-30 | 2011-07-28 | Chevron U.S.A. Inc. | Method and system using hybrid forward osmosis-nanofiltration (h-fonf) employing polyvalent ions in a draw solution for treating produced water |
WO2012102677A1 (en) * | 2011-01-24 | 2012-08-02 | Nano-Mem Pte. Ltd. | Method and apparatus for recovering water from a source water |
Cited By (13)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US11759751B2 (en) | 2012-12-21 | 2023-09-19 | Porifera, Inc. | Separation systems, elements, and methods for separation utilizing stacked membranes and spacers |
US11571660B2 (en) | 2015-06-24 | 2023-02-07 | Porifera, Inc. | Methods of dewatering of alcoholic solutions via forward osmosis and related systems |
CN105800851A (zh) * | 2016-05-23 | 2016-07-27 | 海博伦(苏州)环境科技股份有限公司 | 正渗透汲取液及其循环再生方法和应用 |
CN106422780B (zh) * | 2016-11-02 | 2022-08-30 | 中国石油大学(华东) | 一种可连续操作的循环式正渗透高盐有机废水处理*** |
CN106422780A (zh) * | 2016-11-02 | 2017-02-22 | 中国石油大学(华东) | 一种可连续操作的循环式正渗透高盐有机废水处理*** |
CN110290854A (zh) * | 2016-12-23 | 2019-09-27 | 波里费拉公司 | 通过正向渗透除去醇溶液的组分和相关*** |
US11541352B2 (en) | 2016-12-23 | 2023-01-03 | Porifera, Inc. | Removing components of alcoholic solutions via forward osmosis and related systems |
CN107698084B (zh) * | 2017-10-17 | 2021-06-04 | 广州雅津水处理设备有限公司 | 一种降低废水浓盐量的过滤*** |
CN107698084A (zh) * | 2017-10-17 | 2018-02-16 | 广州雅津水处理设备有限公司 | 一种降低废水浓盐量的过滤*** |
TWI835878B (zh) * | 2018-10-05 | 2024-03-21 | 日商奧璐佳瑙股份有限公司 | 水處理裝置及水處理方法 |
CN111994999A (zh) * | 2019-05-27 | 2020-11-27 | 国家能源投资集团有限责任公司 | 一种正渗透耦合反渗透的浓缩***及其使用方法 |
CN112456687A (zh) * | 2020-12-16 | 2021-03-09 | 北京城市排水集团有限责任公司 | 一种垃圾渗滤液浓缩液减量化方法及*** |
CN112456687B (zh) * | 2020-12-16 | 2024-03-12 | 北京城市排水集团有限责任公司 | 一种垃圾渗滤液浓缩液减量化方法及*** |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
CN105188889A (zh) | 2015-12-23 |
EP2969145A4 (en) | 2017-01-25 |
CN105142762B (zh) | 2019-05-31 |
US20160038880A1 (en) | 2016-02-11 |
EP2969145A1 (en) | 2016-01-20 |
WO2014144778A1 (en) | 2014-09-18 |
CN105188889B (zh) | 2018-01-19 |
AU2014228787B2 (en) | 2018-05-10 |
US10500544B2 (en) | 2019-12-10 |
US20200086274A1 (en) | 2020-03-19 |
US12005396B2 (en) | 2024-06-11 |
WO2014144704A1 (en) | 2014-09-18 |
US20160002074A1 (en) | 2016-01-07 |
AU2014228787A1 (en) | 2015-10-08 |
US9861937B2 (en) | 2018-01-09 |
Similar Documents
Publication | Publication Date | Title |
---|---|---|
CN105142762A (zh) | 包含多级净化的渗透驱动膜***的改进 | |
US20220315469A1 (en) | Cross current staged reverse osmosis | |
KR102392316B1 (ko) | 삼투압 지원 역삼투 공정 및 이를 사용하는 방법 | |
US9981226B2 (en) | Method of solvent recovery from a dilute solution | |
US10758869B2 (en) | Fluid purification by forward osmosis, ion exchange and re-concentration | |
CN114096342A (zh) | 脱盐盐水浓缩***及方法 | |
AU2013229839A1 (en) | Methods for osmotic concentration of hyper saline streams | |
US20170232392A1 (en) | Systems and methods for offshore desalination and/or oil recovery | |
KR102423788B1 (ko) | 해수담수화 압력지연삼투 기술을 이용한 복합 담수화 시스템 | |
JP2018001111A (ja) | 塩水の淡水化処理方法、および、塩水の淡水化処理システム | |
Mo et al. | Semi-closed reverse osmosis (SCRO): A concise, flexible, and energy-efficient desalination process | |
US20170001883A1 (en) | Water treatment system and water treatment method | |
KR20170069614A (ko) | 염수 담수화 시스템 | |
US20200289986A1 (en) | Concurrent desalination and boron removal (cdbr) process | |
US20220177340A1 (en) | Pure-water production device and pure-water production method | |
CN112108001B (zh) | 一种反渗透***及其浓缩含锂盐水的方法 | |
KR101030192B1 (ko) | 결정화 공정을 채용한 해수 내 보론의 제거방법 | |
CN111346512A (zh) | 含盐水的反渗透处理方法和反渗透*** | |
CN115432876B (zh) | 水处理方法和水处理装置 | |
US20240165562A1 (en) | Reverse osmosis or nanofiltration process for cleaning water | |
CN113950366B (zh) | 浓缩高盐度原水的方法 | |
ES2779982B2 (es) | Sistema y metodo para la concentracion de soluciones salinas acuosas con recuperacion de agua | |
WO2023028281A1 (en) | Harnessing metal ions from brines | |
WO2023069020A2 (en) | Apparatus and method of semi-closed reverse osmosis | |
Altaee et al. | Forward Osmosis for Irrigation Water Supply Using Hybrid Membrane System for Draw Solution Regeneration |
Legal Events
Date | Code | Title | Description |
---|---|---|---|
C06 | Publication | ||
PB01 | Publication | ||
C10 | Entry into substantive examination | ||
SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination | ||
GR01 | Patent grant | ||
GR01 | Patent grant |