CN105132726A - Copper-chromium contact material suitable for contactor and preparing method of copper-chromium contact material - Google Patents
Copper-chromium contact material suitable for contactor and preparing method of copper-chromium contact material Download PDFInfo
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- CN105132726A CN105132726A CN201510481480.2A CN201510481480A CN105132726A CN 105132726 A CN105132726 A CN 105132726A CN 201510481480 A CN201510481480 A CN 201510481480A CN 105132726 A CN105132726 A CN 105132726A
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Abstract
The invention relates to a copper-chromium contact material suitable for a contactor and a preparing method of the copper-chromium contact material. The copper-chromium contact material is composed of the following ingredients, by weight percentage, of 40-50% of Cr and the balance of Cu. The preparing method comprises the steps of raw material selecting, powder mixing, isostatic cool pressing, wrapping, extruding and aging treating. The fibrous-oriented copper-chromium material has good electrical conductivity and high electric erosion resistance and can meet and prolong the service life of the contactor. The copper-chromium contact material can replace an existing AgW CuW contact material in the contactor, the cost is reduced, precious metal is saved, and meanwhile the service life of the contactor is prolonged.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of copper-chromium contact material being applicable to contactor and preparation method thereof, belong to field of metal matrix composite.
Background technology
Contact plays a part to connect, carry and breaking current, and be the heart component of contactor, its performance determines performance and the reliability of operation thereof of contactor to a great extent.Therefore contactor has harsh requirement to contact, requires to have: 1. good anti-electric-arc scaling loss ability, 2. high anti-melting welding ability, 3. long mechanical life, 4. good electrical and thermal conductivity performance.
At present, conventional probe of contactor material is silver-colored tungsten or copper tungsten, but contact tungsten particle skewness obtained in prior art, easy layering, density is low, can not meet the service requirements of contactor.Silver tungsten or copper tungsten contact adopt infiltration method to manufacture usually, but need to add micro-metals during employing infiltration method manufacture technics, as nickel, cobalt, iron, improve the wettability of metal pair tungsten, to obtain fine and close contact.Because the metallic element added is micro-, they are difficult to be uniformly dispersed and can not effectively cover tungsten particle surface, the wettability of metal pair tungsten is caused to can not get effective improvement, the metal liquid infiltrated is not enough to be full of pressed compact, thus cause contact density not ideal enough, metallographic structure is even not, and contact anti-electric-arc scaling loss ability is low.
Summary of the invention
Technical problem to be solved by this invention is for above-mentioned defect, provides a kind of copper-chromium contact material being applicable to contactor and preparation method thereof.It is a kind of fibrous directed tissue copper chromium material, having good electroconductibility simultaneously, also has high anti-electric ablation property, meets and improves contactor work-ing life.The present invention instead of existing AgW, CuW contact material in contactor, reduces costs, and saves precious metal, improves contactor work-ing life simultaneously.
The technical scheme that the present invention solves the employing of its technical problem is as follows: a kind of copper-chromium contact material being applicable to contactor, and it is grouped into by the one-tenth of following weight percent: Cr is 40-50%, and surplus is Cu; Its starting material are respectively the Cr powder of 200-300 micron and the Cu powder of less than 300 microns, and this copper-chromium contact material is the copper chromium material of fibrous directed tissue.
In addition, be applicable to the preparation method of the copper-chromium contact material of contactor, comprise the following steps:
(1) starting material are selected
Select the Cr powder of 200-300 micron and the Cu powder of less than 300 microns; Described Cr powder and Cu powder are made by following steps: respectively Cr block and Cu rod are put into stainless steel jar mill, process is vacuumized to ball grinder, vacuum tightness is less than 6Pa, then inert protective gas is filled with, vacuumize-gas replenishment process in triplicate, with the air that emptying ball grinder may exist, prevent oxidation; The closed ball milling tank vacuumized is put into ball mill, carries out ball milling; Ball milling terminates rear taking-up ball grinder, uses needle tubing in ball grinder, to inject 80 ~ 90ml dehydrated alcohol as wet grinding media, in this process, keeps the circulation of rare gas element, in order to avoid destroy inert protective atmosphere, then carries out wet-milling; After wet-milling terminates, take out powder, put into loft drier drying, finally obtain Cr powder and Cu powder respectively;
(2) mixed powder
By Cu powder: Cr powder=6: the weight proportion of 4 ~ 5: 5, and by the powder mix of Cu powder and Cr powder: copper ball=1: the weight proportion of 1 carries out ball milling and mixes powder 3-10 hour;
(3) isostatic cool pressing
It is bar that powder mix after mixed is loaded rubber coating isostatic cool pressing, and pressure is 150-300Mpa, and the dwell time is 3-20 minute;
(4) jacket
The bar pressed in step (3) is loaded copper sheathing, and copper sheathing thickness is 1-5mm, is evacuated to 1pa-10
-2pa carries out vacuum-sealing;
(5) extrude
Bar after being sealed by jacket is heated to 50-500 DEG C, is incubated 30 minutes-120 minutes, and use hydropress to carry out cold extrusion or Warm Extrusion, extrusion deformation degree is 20%-95%, and hydropress tonnage is 100-1000T;
(6) ageing treatment
Bar after extruding carries out ageing treatment, and aging temp is 200-500 DEG C, insulation 1-4 hour; Bar after ageing treatment is the contact material being applicable to contactor.
Preferably, in step (1), Ball-milling Time is 5h ~ 20h, and rotating speed is 200 ~ 300rpm; The wet-milling time is 5h ~ 15h, and rotating speed is 200 ~ 400rpm; Drying temperature is 100 ~ 150 DEG C, and the time is 10 ~ 20h.
In above-mentioned either a program preferably, adopt the cold isostatic press of band aluminium alloy clamping plate to carry out isostatic cool pressing in step (3), it is 20 DEG C that temperature controls.
In above-mentioned either a program preferably, the ageing treatment in step (6) comprises cold zone preageing, high-temperature zone timeliness and cold zone timeliness again.
In above-mentioned either a program preferably, described cold zone preageing be by extruding after bar by room temperature to 200 DEG C, held for some time at such a temperature; Described high-temperature zone timeliness be by extruding after bar be warming up to 400 DEG C, held for some time at such a temperature, subsequently continuous warming to 500 DEG C, at such a temperature held for some time; Described cold zone again timeliness be by extruding after bar be cooled to room temperature by 500 DEG C, then will by room temperature to 300 DEG C, held for some time at such a temperature.
In above-mentioned either a program preferably, each described held for some time is all identical.
Beneficial effect of the present invention:
1. decrease the consumption of precious metal, economize on resources;
2. use chromium replace W Ag, greatly reduce production cost;
3. compare electric life to bring up to 50W time by original 30W time, contactor improves work-ing life;
4. the present invention is compared with prior art, the metallographic structure of gained contact material evenly, density and hardness higher, anti-electric-arc scaling loss ability is also higher, and resistivity is low.
5. the whole manufacturing processed of the inventive method does not use toxic chemical substance and does not produce any waste water and other waste, and technique is more simple.
Brief Description Of Drawings
Fig. 1 is the metallographic structure figure being applicable to the CuCr40 contact material of contactor of prepared in accordance with the method for the present invention;
Fig. 2 is the metallographic structure figure being applicable to the CuCr50 contact material of contactor of prepared in accordance with the method for the present invention.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with the drawings and specific embodiments, the present invention is described further.
Embodiment 1
Be applicable to a CuCr40 contact material for contactor, it is grouped into by the one-tenth of following weight percent: Cr is about 40%, and surplus is Cu; Its starting material are respectively the Cr powder of 200-300 micron and the Cu powder of less than 300 microns, and this copper-chromium contact material is the copper chromium material of fibrous directed tissue.
The described preparation method being applicable to the CuCr40 contact material of contactor, comprises the following steps:
(1) starting material are selected
Select the Cr powder of 200-300 micron and the Cu powder of less than 300 microns; Described Cr powder and Cu powder are made by following steps: respectively Cr block and Cu rod are put into stainless steel jar mill, process is vacuumized to ball grinder, vacuum tightness is less than 6Pa, then inert protective gas is filled with, vacuumize-gas replenishment process in triplicate, with the air that emptying ball grinder may exist, prevent oxidation; The closed ball milling tank vacuumized is put into ball mill, carries out ball milling; Ball milling terminates rear taking-up ball grinder, uses needle tubing in ball grinder, to inject 80 ~ 90ml dehydrated alcohol as wet grinding media, in this process, keeps the circulation of rare gas element, in order to avoid destroy inert protective atmosphere, then carries out wet-milling; After wet-milling terminates, take out powder, put into loft drier drying, finally obtain Cr powder and Cu powder respectively;
(2) mixed powder
By Cu powder: Cr powder is about the weight proportion of 6: 4, and by the powder mix of Cu powder and Cr powder: copper ball=1: the weight proportion of 1 carries out ball milling and mixes powder 3-10 hour;
(3) isostatic cool pressing
It is bar that powder mix after mixed is loaded rubber coating isostatic cool pressing, and pressure is 150-300Mpa, and the dwell time is 3-20 minute;
(4) jacket
The bar pressed in step (3) is loaded copper sheathing, and copper sheathing thickness is 1-5mm, is evacuated to 1pa-10
-2pa carries out vacuum-sealing;
(5) extrude
Bar after being sealed by jacket is heated to 50-500 DEG C, is incubated 30 minutes-120 minutes, and use hydropress to carry out cold extrusion or Warm Extrusion, extrusion deformation degree is 20%-95%, and hydropress tonnage is 100-1000T;
(6) ageing treatment
Bar after extruding carries out ageing treatment, and aging temp is 200-500 DEG C, insulation 1-4 hour; Bar after ageing treatment is the contact material being applicable to contactor.
In step (1), Ball-milling Time is 5h ~ 20h, and rotating speed is 200 ~ 300rpm; The wet-milling time is 5h ~ 15h, and rotating speed is 200 ~ 400rpm; Drying temperature is 100 ~ 150 DEG C, and the time is 10 ~ 20h.
Adopt the cold isostatic press of band aluminium alloy clamping plate to carry out isostatic cool pressing in step (3), it is 20 DEG C that temperature controls.
Ageing treatment in step (6) comprises cold zone preageing, high-temperature zone timeliness and cold zone timeliness again.
Described cold zone preageing be by extruding after bar by room temperature to 200 DEG C, held for some time at such a temperature; Described high-temperature zone timeliness be by extruding after bar be warming up to 400 DEG C, held for some time at such a temperature, subsequently continuous warming to 500 DEG C, at such a temperature held for some time; Described cold zone again timeliness be by extruding after bar be cooled to room temperature by 500 DEG C, then will by room temperature to 300 DEG C, held for some time at such a temperature.
Each described held for some time is all identical.
Embodiment 2
Be applicable to a CuCr50 contact material for contactor, it is grouped into by the one-tenth of following weight percent: Cr is about 50%, and surplus is Cu; Its starting material are respectively the Cr powder of 200-300 micron and the Cu powder of less than 300 microns, and this copper-chromium contact material is the copper chromium material of fibrous directed tissue.
The described preparation method being applicable to the CuCr50 contact material of contactor, comprises the following steps:
(1) starting material are selected
Select the Cr powder of 200-300 micron and the Cu powder of less than 300 microns; Described Cr powder and Cu powder are made by following steps: respectively Cr block and Cu rod are put into stainless steel jar mill, process is vacuumized to ball grinder, vacuum tightness is less than 6Pa, then inert protective gas is filled with, vacuumize-gas replenishment process in triplicate, with the air that emptying ball grinder may exist, prevent oxidation; The closed ball milling tank vacuumized is put into ball mill, carries out ball milling; Ball milling terminates rear taking-up ball grinder, uses needle tubing in ball grinder, to inject 80 ~ 90ml dehydrated alcohol as wet grinding media, in this process, keeps the circulation of rare gas element, in order to avoid destroy inert protective atmosphere, then carries out wet-milling; After wet-milling terminates, take out powder, put into loft drier drying, finally obtain Cr powder and Cu powder respectively;
(2) mixed powder
By Cu powder: Cr powder is about the weight proportion of 5: 5, and by the powder mix of Cu powder and Cr powder: copper ball=1: the weight proportion of 1 carries out ball milling and mixes powder 3-10 hour;
(3) isostatic cool pressing
It is bar that powder mix after mixed is loaded rubber coating isostatic cool pressing, and pressure is 150-300Mpa, and the dwell time is 3-20 minute;
(4) jacket
The bar pressed in step (3) is loaded copper sheathing, and copper sheathing thickness is 1-5mm, is evacuated to 1pa-10
-2pa carries out vacuum-sealing;
(5) extrude
Bar after being sealed by jacket is heated to 50-500 DEG C, is incubated 30 minutes-120 minutes, and use hydropress to carry out cold extrusion or Warm Extrusion, extrusion deformation degree is 20%-95%, and hydropress tonnage is 100-1000T;
(6) ageing treatment
Bar after extruding carries out ageing treatment, and aging temp is 200-500 DEG C, insulation 1-4 hour; Bar after ageing treatment is the contact material being applicable to contactor.
In step (1), Ball-milling Time is 5h ~ 20h, and rotating speed is 200 ~ 300rpm; The wet-milling time is 5h ~ 15h, and rotating speed is 200 ~ 400rpm; Drying temperature is 100 ~ 150 DEG C, and the time is 10 ~ 20h.
Adopt the cold isostatic press of band aluminium alloy clamping plate to carry out isostatic cool pressing in step (3), it is 20 DEG C that temperature controls.
Ageing treatment in step (6) comprises cold zone preageing, high-temperature zone timeliness and cold zone timeliness again.
Described cold zone preageing be by extruding after bar by room temperature to 200 DEG C, held for some time at such a temperature; Described high-temperature zone timeliness be by extruding after bar be warming up to 400 DEG C, held for some time at such a temperature, subsequently continuous warming to 500 DEG C, at such a temperature held for some time; Described cold zone again timeliness be by extruding after bar be cooled to room temperature by 500 DEG C, then will by room temperature to 300 DEG C, held for some time at such a temperature.
Each described held for some time is all identical.
Through experimental test, the physicochemical property of CuCr40 and CuCr50 contact material obtained separately in above-described embodiment is as shown in table 1.
Table 1
The whole manufacturing processed of the inventive method does not use toxic chemical substance and does not produce any waste water and other waste, and technique is more simple, and decrease precious metal consumption, economize on resources.The copper-chromium contact material being applicable to contactor obtained by this method use chromium replace W Ag, greatly reduce production cost; Compare electric life to bring up to 50W time by original 30W time, contactor improves work-ing life; The present invention compared with prior art, the metallographic structure of gained contact material evenly, density and hardness higher, anti-electric-arc scaling loss ability is also higher, and resistivity is low.
The above is only preferred embodiment of the present invention, not does any pro forma restriction to the present invention, every according in technical spirit of the present invention to any simple modification, equivalent variations that above embodiment is done, all fall within protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (7)
1. be applicable to a copper-chromium contact material for contactor, it is characterized in that it is grouped into by the one-tenth of following weight percent: Cr is 40-50%, surplus is Cu; Its starting material are respectively the Cr powder of 200-300 micron and the Cu powder of less than 300 microns, and this copper-chromium contact material is the copper chromium material of fibrous directed tissue.
2. the preparation method being applicable to the copper-chromium contact material of contactor according to claim 1, is characterized in that this preparation method comprises the following steps:
(1) starting material are selected
Select the Cr powder of 200-300 micron and the Cu powder of less than 300 microns; Described Cr powder and Cu powder are made by following steps: respectively Cr block and Cu rod are put into stainless steel jar mill, process is vacuumized to ball grinder, vacuum tightness is less than 6Pa, then inert protective gas is filled with, vacuumize-gas replenishment process in triplicate, with the air that emptying ball grinder may exist, prevent oxidation; The closed ball milling tank vacuumized is put into ball mill, carries out ball milling; Ball milling terminates rear taking-up ball grinder, uses needle tubing in ball grinder, to inject 80 ~ 90ml dehydrated alcohol as wet grinding media, in this process, keeps the circulation of rare gas element, in order to avoid destroy inert protective atmosphere, then carries out wet-milling; After wet-milling terminates, take out powder, put into loft drier drying, finally obtain Cr powder and Cu powder respectively;
(2) mixed powder
By Cu powder: Cr powder=6: the weight proportion of 4 ~ 5: 5, and by the powder mix of Cu powder and Cr powder: copper ball=1: the weight proportion of 1 carries out ball milling and mixes powder 3-10 hour;
(3) isostatic cool pressing
It is bar that powder mix after mixed is loaded rubber coating isostatic cool pressing, and pressure is 150-300Mpa, and the dwell time is 3-20 minute;
(4) jacket
The bar pressed in step (3) is loaded copper sheathing, and copper sheathing thickness is 1-5mm, is evacuated to 1pa-10
-2pa carries out vacuum-sealing;
(5) extrude
Bar after being sealed by jacket is heated to 50-500 DEG C, is incubated 30 minutes-120 minutes; Use hydropress to carry out cold extrusion or Warm Extrusion, extrusion deformation degree is 20%-95%, and hydropress tonnage is 100-1000T;
(6) ageing treatment
Bar after extruding carries out ageing treatment, and aging temp is 200-500 DEG C, insulation 1-4 hour; Bar after ageing treatment is the contact material being applicable to contactor.
3. preparation method according to claim 2, it is characterized in that in step (1), Ball-milling Time is 5h ~ 20h, rotating speed is 200 ~ 300rpm; The wet-milling time is 5h ~ 15h, and rotating speed is 200 ~ 400rpm; Drying temperature is 100 ~ 150 DEG C, and the time is 10 ~ 20h.
4. the preparation method according to Claims 2 or 3, it is characterized in that adopting the cold isostatic press of band aluminium alloy clamping plate to carry out isostatic cool pressing in step (3), it is 20 DEG C that temperature controls.
5. preparation method according to claim 4, is characterized in that the ageing treatment in step (6) comprises cold zone preageing, high-temperature zone timeliness and cold zone timeliness again.
6. preparation method according to claim 5, it is characterized in that described cold zone preageing be by extruding after bar by room temperature to 200 DEG C, held for some time at such a temperature; Described high-temperature zone timeliness be by extruding after bar be warming up to 400 DEG C, held for some time at such a temperature, subsequently continuous warming to 500 DEG C, at such a temperature held for some time; Described cold zone again timeliness be by extruding after bar be cooled to room temperature by 500 DEG C, then will by room temperature to 300 DEG C, held for some time at such a temperature.
7. preparation method according to claim 6, is characterized in that each described held for some time is all identical.
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Cited By (9)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN105397279A (en) * | 2015-12-29 | 2016-03-16 | 陕西斯瑞工业有限责任公司 | Welding method of copper-chromium load switch component |
| CN105537526A (en) * | 2015-12-23 | 2016-05-04 | 哈尔滨福庭创富机械制造有限公司 | Forming method of flame-retarding insulating riser |
| CN106086566A (en) * | 2016-06-20 | 2016-11-09 | 中国科学院兰州化学物理研究所 | A kind of chromio high temperature wear resistant alloy and preparation method thereof |
| CN106735207A (en) * | 2016-12-13 | 2017-05-31 | 合肥工业大学 | A kind of preparation method of high-compactness Cu/CuCr gradient composites |
| CN109261961A (en) * | 2018-10-18 | 2019-01-25 | 西安交通大学 | A kind of preparation method preparing copper-based electric contact material based on 3D printing technique |
| CN109355524A (en) * | 2018-09-12 | 2019-02-19 | 河南长征电气有限公司 | A kind of copper-chromium contact material and preparation method thereof for vacuum circuit breaker |
| CN110216282A (en) * | 2019-05-30 | 2019-09-10 | 上海新池能源科技有限公司 | The preparation method of acid bronze alloy contact |
| CN110468300A (en) * | 2019-07-29 | 2019-11-19 | 西安斯瑞先进铜合金科技有限公司 | A kind of preparation method of high-performance CuCr electrical contact |
| US11557448B2 (en) * | 2018-04-19 | 2023-01-17 | Tdk Electronics Ag | Switching device |
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Cited By (11)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN105537526A (en) * | 2015-12-23 | 2016-05-04 | 哈尔滨福庭创富机械制造有限公司 | Forming method of flame-retarding insulating riser |
| CN105397279A (en) * | 2015-12-29 | 2016-03-16 | 陕西斯瑞工业有限责任公司 | Welding method of copper-chromium load switch component |
| CN106086566A (en) * | 2016-06-20 | 2016-11-09 | 中国科学院兰州化学物理研究所 | A kind of chromio high temperature wear resistant alloy and preparation method thereof |
| CN106086566B (en) * | 2016-06-20 | 2018-02-27 | 中国科学院兰州化学物理研究所 | A kind of chromium base high temperature wear resistant alloy and preparation method thereof |
| CN106735207A (en) * | 2016-12-13 | 2017-05-31 | 合肥工业大学 | A kind of preparation method of high-compactness Cu/CuCr gradient composites |
| US11557448B2 (en) * | 2018-04-19 | 2023-01-17 | Tdk Electronics Ag | Switching device |
| CN109355524A (en) * | 2018-09-12 | 2019-02-19 | 河南长征电气有限公司 | A kind of copper-chromium contact material and preparation method thereof for vacuum circuit breaker |
| CN109261961A (en) * | 2018-10-18 | 2019-01-25 | 西安交通大学 | A kind of preparation method preparing copper-based electric contact material based on 3D printing technique |
| CN110216282A (en) * | 2019-05-30 | 2019-09-10 | 上海新池能源科技有限公司 | The preparation method of acid bronze alloy contact |
| CN110216282B (en) * | 2019-05-30 | 2024-03-26 | 上海新池能源科技有限公司 | Preparation method of copper-based alloy contact |
| CN110468300A (en) * | 2019-07-29 | 2019-11-19 | 西安斯瑞先进铜合金科技有限公司 | A kind of preparation method of high-performance CuCr electrical contact |
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| CN105132726B (en) | 2017-03-08 |
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