CN109355524A - A kind of copper-chromium contact material and preparation method thereof for vacuum circuit breaker - Google Patents
A kind of copper-chromium contact material and preparation method thereof for vacuum circuit breaker Download PDFInfo
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- CN109355524A CN109355524A CN201811063554.0A CN201811063554A CN109355524A CN 109355524 A CN109355524 A CN 109355524A CN 201811063554 A CN201811063554 A CN 201811063554A CN 109355524 A CN109355524 A CN 109355524A
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- China
- Prior art keywords
- copper
- powder
- chromium
- circuit breaker
- contact material
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Classifications
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C9/00—Alloys based on copper
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C1/00—Making non-ferrous alloys
- C22C1/04—Making non-ferrous alloys by powder metallurgy
- C22C1/0425—Copper-based alloys
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C1/00—Making non-ferrous alloys
- C22C1/04—Making non-ferrous alloys by powder metallurgy
- C22C1/045—Alloys based on refractory metals
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C27/00—Alloys based on rhenium or a refractory metal not mentioned in groups C22C14/00 or C22C16/00
- C22C27/06—Alloys based on chromium
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
- H01H11/00—Apparatus or processes specially adapted for the manufacture of electric switches
- H01H11/04—Apparatus or processes specially adapted for the manufacture of electric switches of switch contacts
- H01H11/048—Apparatus or processes specially adapted for the manufacture of electric switches of switch contacts by powder-metallurgical processes
Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of copper-chromium contact material and preparation method for vacuum circuit breaker, the copper-chromium contact material for vacuum circuit breaker, it is by following weight percent at being grouped as: chromium (Cr) is 20~60%, surplus is copper (Cu);Its raw material is respectively 30~350 μm of chromium powder and 350 μm of copper powders below;The chromium powder is electrolytic chromium powder or aluminothermic reduction chromium powder, and the copper powder is electrolytic copper powder or atomized copper powder;The purity of the chromium powder is 99.00%~99.98%, and the purity of the copper powder is 99.00%~99.98%.Method of the invention in contrast to existing mold suppress, sintering process can stable mass metaplasia produce, and can mass production go out large size copper chromium contact, present invention process process is simple, heating process only has 30-90min, opposite molding sintering technique is up to 15-30 hours sintering processes, time, electric energy greatly save, the defects of contact dense structure that the present invention produces, pore-free and resistance to arc erosion can be good.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to copper chromium contact technical field, specially a kind of copper-chromium contact material for vacuum circuit breaker and its
Preparation method.
Background technique
Contact material is widely used for being automatically switched, large capcity breaker, breaker of plastic casing and some other derailing switch
On, common contact material has Ag-WC-C, and good conductive, the thermal conductivity of Ag, the high-melting-point of WC, high rigidity is mainly utilized
The good feature with wearability, can be subjected to strong arc erosion, have good resistance fusion welding and erosion resistant, the contact material one
As use powder metallurgy method, silver powder and WC powder and additive are directly suppressed in a mold, this simple for process, process
Less, low for equipment requirements, material recovery rate height, production cost is low, but gained electrical contact material existing defects, tissue odds
Even, low density, intolerant to arc erosion, reduce its service life and effect.
Summary of the invention
The copper-chromium contact material and preparation method thereof that the purpose of the present invention is to provide a kind of for vacuum circuit breaker, has
The good advantage of using effect solves contact material nonuniform organization made from traditional handicraft, low density, invades intolerant to electric arc
The problem of losing, reducing its service life and effect.
To achieve the above object, the invention provides the following technical scheme: a kind of copper chromium contact material for vacuum circuit breaker
The preparation method of material, the copper-chromium contact material for vacuum circuit breaker, it is by following weight percent at being grouped as: chromium
It (Cr) is 20~60%, surplus is copper (Cu);Its raw material is respectively 30~350 μm of chromium powder and 350 μm of copper powders below;
The chromium powder is electrolytic chromium powder or aluminothermic reduction chromium powder, and the copper powder is electrolytic copper powder or atomized copper powder;The purity of the chromium powder
It is 99.00%~99.98%, the purity of the copper powder is 99.00%~99.98%;
Preparation method includes the following steps:
(1) raw material screening
Select 30~350 μm of chromium powder and 350 μm of copper powders below, the chromium powder is electrolytic chromium powder or aluminothermic reduction chromium powder,
The copper powder is electrolytic copper powder or atomized copper powder;
(2) powder is mixed
By chromium powder: copper powder=2: 8~6: 4 weight proportion, and by the mixed powder of chromium powder and copper powder: copper ball=1: 1 weight is matched
It is mixed powder 2~12 hours than carrying out ball milling;
(3) isostatic cool pressing
It is bar that mixed powder after will be mixed, which is packed into rubber sleeve isostatic cool pressing, and pressure is 120~350MPa, the dwell time is 2~
25 minutes;
(4) vacuum canning
The bar pressed in step (3) is packed into copper sheathing, copper sheathing is evacuated to 1Pa~0.01Pa and carries out very with a thickness of 1~6mm
Sky sealing;
(5) it squeezes
Bar after jacket is sealed is heated to 40~550 °C, keeps the temperature 20 minutes~150 minutes;Cold-extruded is carried out using hydraulic press
Pressure or Warm Extrusion, extrusion deformation degree are 15%~95%, and hydraulic press tonnage is 100~1200T, and bar after extruding is qualification
Copper-chromium contact material.
Preferably, Ball-milling Time is 2~12 hours in the step (2), and revolving speed is 200~300rpm.
Preferably, isostatic cool pressing, temperature control are carried out using the cold isostatic press with aluminium alloy clamping plate in the step (3)
It is 20~30 °C.
Preferably, the vacuum canning in the step (4) is shut after the bar pressed is placed into copper sheathing,
The copper sheathing simultaneously draws deaeration pipe from the copper sheathing, and the vacuum step is completed by the deaeration pipe, the copper
Set is welding fabrication;The bar pressed, which is placed into after copper sheathing, also to be carried out handling compacting.
Preferably, the decrease speed of the extrusion head of hydraulic press is 3mm/s~12mm/s in the step (6), is than pressure
150MPa~850MPa;Extrusion head needs to be heated to 200~300 °C before hot extrusion, and coating is coated on extrusion head.
The present invention also provides the copper-chromium contact materials that vacuum circuit breaker is used for made from a kind of above-mentioned preparation method.
Compared with prior art, beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows:
Method of the invention suppresses in contrast to existing mold, sintering process can stable mass metaplasia produce, and can mass production
Large size copper chromium contact out, present invention process process is simple, heating process only has 30-90min, and opposite molding sintering technique is up to
15-30 hours sintering processes, time, electric energy greatly save, and contact dense structure, pore-free that the present invention produces etc. lacks
It falls into and resistance to arc erosion can be good, extend its service life, improve its using effect.
Specific embodiment
Below in conjunction with the embodiment of the present invention, technical scheme in the embodiment of the invention is clearly and completely described,
Obviously, described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, instead of all the embodiments.Based in the present invention
Embodiment, every other embodiment obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without making creative efforts, all
Belong to the scope of protection of the invention.
The present invention provides a kind of technical solution:
A kind of preparation method of the copper-chromium contact material for vacuum circuit breaker, for the copper-chromium contact material of vacuum circuit breaker,
It is by following weight percent at being grouped as: chromium (Cr) is 20~60%, and surplus is copper (Cu);Its raw material is respectively 30~
350 μm of chromium powder and 350 μm of copper powders below;Chromium powder be electrolytic chromium powder or aluminothermic reduction chromium powder, copper powder be electrolytic copper powder or
Atomized copper powder;The purity of chromium powder is 99.00%~99.98%, and the purity of copper powder is 99.00%~99.98%;
Preparation method includes the following steps:
(1) raw material screening
30~350 μm of chromium powder and 350 μm of copper powders below are selected, chromium powder is electrolytic chromium powder or aluminothermic reduction chromium powder, copper powder
For electrolytic copper powder or atomized copper powder;
(2) powder is mixed
By chromium powder: copper powder=2: 8~6: 4 weight proportion, and by the mixed powder of chromium powder and copper powder: copper ball=1: 1 weight is matched
It is mixed powder 2~12 hours than carrying out ball milling;
(3) isostatic cool pressing
It is bar that mixed powder after will be mixed, which is packed into rubber sleeve isostatic cool pressing, and pressure is 120~350MPa, the dwell time is 2~
25 minutes;
(4) vacuum canning
The bar pressed in step (3) is packed into copper sheathing, copper sheathing is evacuated to 1Pa~0.01Pa and carries out very with a thickness of 1~6mm
Sky sealing;
(5) it squeezes
Bar after jacket is sealed is heated to 40~550 °C, keeps the temperature 20 minutes~150 minutes;Cold-extruded is carried out using hydraulic press
Pressure or Warm Extrusion, extrusion deformation degree are 15%~95%, and hydraulic press tonnage is 100~1200T, and bar after extruding is qualification
Copper-chromium contact material.
The present invention also provides the copper-chromium contact materials that vacuum circuit breaker is used for made from a kind of above-mentioned preparation method.
Embodiment one:
Select 30~350 μm of chromium powder and 350 μm of copper powders below first, chromium powder is electrolytic chromium powder or aluminothermic reduction chromium powder,
Copper powder is electrolytic copper powder or atomized copper powder;Then chromium powder: copper powder=2: 8~6: 4 weight proportion is pressed, and by chromium powder and copper powder
Mixed powder: copper ball=1: 1 weight proportion carries out ball milling and mixes powder 2~12 hours;Then the mixed powder after will be mixed is packed into rubber
Set isostatic cool pressing is bar, and pressure is 120~350MPa, and the dwell time is 2~25 minutes;Then it will press in step (3)
Bar is packed into copper sheathing, and copper sheathing is evacuated to 1Pa~0.01Pa and carries out vacuum sealing with a thickness of 1~6mm;Then jacket is sealed
Bar afterwards is heated to 40~550 °C, keeps the temperature 20 minutes~150 minutes;Cold extrusion or Warm Extrusion are carried out using hydraulic press, is squeezed
Deflection is 15%~95%, and hydraulic press tonnage is 100~1200T, and bar after extruding is qualified copper-chromium contact material.
Embodiment two:
In example 1, following processes are added:
It sets Ball-milling Time in step (2) to 2~12 hours, revolving speed is set as 200~300rpm.
30~350 μm of chromium powder and 350 μm of copper powders below are selected first, and chromium powder is electrolytic chromium powder or aluminothermic reduction chromium
Powder, copper powder are electrolytic copper powder or atomized copper powder;Then chromium powder: copper powder=2: 8~6: 4 weight proportion is pressed, and presses chromium powder and copper
The mixed powder of powder: copper ball=1: 1 weight proportion carries out ball milling and mixes powder 2~12 hours;Then the mixed powder after will be mixed is packed into
Rubber sleeve isostatic cool pressing is bar, and pressure is 120~350MPa, and the dwell time is 2~25 minutes;Then by pressure in step (3)
Good bar is packed into copper sheathing, and copper sheathing is evacuated to 1Pa~0.01Pa and carries out vacuum sealing with a thickness of 1~6mm;Then by jacket
Bar after sealing is heated to 40~550 °C, keeps the temperature 20 minutes~150 minutes;Cold extrusion or Warm Extrusion are carried out using hydraulic press,
Extrusion deformation degree is 15%~95%, and hydraulic press tonnage is 100~1200T, and bar after extruding is qualified copper chromium contact
Material.
Embodiment three:
In example 2, following processes are added:
Isostatic cool pressing is carried out using the cold isostatic press with aluminium alloy clamping plate in step (3), temperature control is 20~30 °C.
30~350 μm of chromium powder and 350 μm of copper powders below are selected first, and chromium powder is electrolytic chromium powder or aluminothermic reduction chromium
Powder, copper powder are electrolytic copper powder or atomized copper powder;Then chromium powder: copper powder=2: 8~6: 4 weight proportion is pressed, and presses chromium powder and copper
The mixed powder of powder: copper ball=1: 1 weight proportion carries out ball milling and mixes powder 2~12 hours, and Ball-milling Time is set as 2~12 hours,
Revolving speed is set as 200~300rpm;Then it is bar, pressure 120 that the mixed powder after will be mixed, which is packed into rubber sleeve isostatic cool pressing,
~350MPa, dwell time are 2~25 minutes;Then the bar pressed in step (3) is packed into copper sheathing, copper sheathing with a thickness of 1~
6mm is evacuated to 1Pa~0.01Pa and carries out vacuum sealing;Then the bar after jacket being sealed is heated to 40~550 °C, protects
Temperature 20 minutes~150 minutes;Cold extrusion or Warm Extrusion are carried out using hydraulic press, extrusion deformation degree is 15%~95%, hydraulic press
Tonnage is 100~1200T, and bar after extruding is qualified copper-chromium contact material.
Example IV:
In the third embodiment, following processes are added:
Vacuum canning in step (4) is shut after the bar pressed is placed into copper sheathing, copper sheathing and from copper sheathing
Deaeration pipe is drawn, vacuum step is completed by deaeration pipe, and copper sheathing is welding fabrication;After the bar pressed is placed into copper sheathing
It also carries out handling compacting.
30~350 μm of chromium powder and 350 μm of copper powders below are selected first, and chromium powder is electrolytic chromium powder or aluminothermic reduction chromium
Powder, copper powder are electrolytic copper powder or atomized copper powder;Then chromium powder: copper powder=2: 8~6: 4 weight proportion is pressed, and presses chromium powder and copper
The mixed powder of powder: copper ball=1: 1 weight proportion carries out ball milling and mixes powder 2~12 hours, and Ball-milling Time is set as 2~12 hours,
Revolving speed is set as 200~300rpm;Then it is bar, pressure 120 that the mixed powder after will be mixed, which is packed into rubber sleeve isostatic cool pressing,
~350MPa, dwell time are 2~25 minutes, carry out isostatic cool pressing, temperature control using the cold isostatic press with aluminium alloy clamping plate
It is made as 20~30 °C;Then the bar pressed in step (3) is packed into copper sheathing, copper sheathing with a thickness of 1~6mm, be evacuated to 1Pa~
0.01Pa carries out vacuum sealing;Then the bar after jacket being sealed is heated to 40~550 °C, keeps the temperature 20 minutes~150 minutes;
Cold extrusion or Warm Extrusion are carried out using hydraulic press, extrusion deformation degree is 15%~95%, and hydraulic press tonnage is 100~1200T, is squeezed
Bar after pressure is qualified copper-chromium contact material.
Embodiment five:
In example IV, following processes are added:
The decrease speed of the extrusion head of hydraulic press is 3mm/s~12mm/s in step (6), is 150MPa~850MPa than pressure;?
Extrusion head needs to be heated to 200~300 °C before hot extrusion, and coating is coated on extrusion head.
30~350 μm of chromium powder and 350 μm of copper powders below are selected first, and chromium powder is electrolytic chromium powder or aluminothermic reduction chromium
Powder, copper powder are electrolytic copper powder or atomized copper powder;Then chromium powder: copper powder=2: 8~6: 4 weight proportion is pressed, and presses chromium powder and copper
The mixed powder of powder: copper ball=1: 1 weight proportion carries out ball milling and mixes powder 2~12 hours, and Ball-milling Time is set as 2~12 hours,
Revolving speed is set as 200~300rpm;Then it is bar, pressure 120 that the mixed powder after will be mixed, which is packed into rubber sleeve isostatic cool pressing,
~350MPa, dwell time are 2~25 minutes, carry out isostatic cool pressing, temperature control using the cold isostatic press with aluminium alloy clamping plate
It is made as 20~30 °C;Then the bar pressed in step (3) is packed into copper sheathing, copper sheathing with a thickness of 1~6mm, be evacuated to 1Pa~
0.01Pa carries out vacuum sealing;Then the bar after jacket being sealed is heated to 40~550 °C, keeps the temperature 20 minutes~150 minutes,
Vacuum canning is shut after the bar pressed is placed into copper sheathing, and copper sheathing simultaneously draws deaeration pipe from copper sheathing, is taken out true
Empty step is completed by deaeration pipe, and copper sheathing is welding fabrication;The bar pressed, which is placed into after copper sheathing, also to carry out to compacting
Reason;Cold extrusion or Warm Extrusion are carried out using hydraulic press, extrusion deformation degree is 15%~95%, hydraulic press tonnage is 100~
1200T, bar after extruding are qualified copper-chromium contact material.
Method of the invention suppresses in contrast to existing mold, sintering process can stable mass metaplasia produce, and can mass
Large size copper chromium contact is produced, present invention process process is simple, heating process only has 30-90min, opposite molding sintering technique
Up to 15-30 hours sintering processes, time, electric energy were greatlyd save, contact dense structure, the pore-free etc. that the present invention produces
Defect and resistance to arc erosion can be good, extend its service life, improve its using effect.
It although an embodiment of the present invention has been shown and described, for the ordinary skill in the art, can be with
A variety of variations, modification, replacement can be carried out to these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the present invention by understanding
And modification, the scope of the present invention is defined by the appended.
Claims (6)
1. a kind of preparation method of the copper-chromium contact material for vacuum circuit breaker, it is characterised in that: described to be used for vacuum circuit breaker
The copper-chromium contact material of device, it is by following weight percent at being grouped as: chromium (Cr) is 20~60%, and surplus is copper (Cu);
Its raw material is respectively 30~350 μm of chromium powder and 350 μm of copper powders below;The chromium powder is electrolytic chromium powder or aluminothermic reduction
Chromium powder, the copper powder are electrolytic copper powder or atomized copper powder;The purity of the chromium powder is 99.00%~99.98%, the copper powder
Purity is 99.00%~99.98%;
Preparation method includes the following steps:
Raw material screening
Select 30~350 μm of chromium powder and 350 μm of copper powders below, the chromium powder is electrolytic chromium powder or aluminothermic reduction chromium powder,
The copper powder is electrolytic copper powder or atomized copper powder;
Mixed powder
By chromium powder: copper powder=2: 8~6: 4 weight proportion, and by the mixed powder of chromium powder and copper powder: copper ball=1: 1 weight is matched
It is mixed powder 2~12 hours than carrying out ball milling;
Isostatic cool pressing
It is bar that mixed powder after will be mixed, which is packed into rubber sleeve isostatic cool pressing, and pressure is 120~350MPa, the dwell time is 2~
25 minutes;
Vacuum canning
The bar pressed in step (3) is packed into copper sheathing, copper sheathing is evacuated to 1Pa~0.01Pa and carries out very with a thickness of 1~6mm
Sky sealing;
It squeezes
Bar after jacket is sealed is heated to 40~550 °C, keeps the temperature 20 minutes~150 minutes;Cold-extruded is carried out using hydraulic press
Pressure or Warm Extrusion, extrusion deformation degree are 15%~95%, and hydraulic press tonnage is 100~1200T, and bar after extruding is qualification
Copper-chromium contact material.
2. a kind of preparation method of copper-chromium contact material for vacuum circuit breaker according to claim 1, feature exist
In: Ball-milling Time is 2~12 hours in the step (2), and revolving speed is 200~300rpm.
3. a kind of preparation method of copper-chromium contact material for vacuum circuit breaker according to claim 1, feature exist
In: isostatic cool pressing is carried out using the cold isostatic press with aluminium alloy clamping plate in the step (3), temperature control is 20~30 °C.
4. a kind of preparation method of copper-chromium contact material for vacuum circuit breaker according to claim 1, feature exist
In: the vacuum canning in the step (4) is shut after the bar pressed is placed into copper sheathing, the copper sheathing and from
Deaeration pipe is drawn on the copper sheathing, the vacuum step is completed by the deaeration pipe, and the copper sheathing is welding fabrication;
The bar pressed, which is placed into after copper sheathing, also to be carried out handling compacting.
5. a kind of preparation method of copper-chromium contact material for vacuum circuit breaker according to claim 1, feature exist
In: the decrease speed of the extrusion head of hydraulic press is 3mm/s~12mm/s in the step (6), is 150MPa~850MPa than pressure;
Extrusion head needs to be heated to 200~300 °C before hot extrusion, and coating is coated on extrusion head.
6. a kind of copper-chromium contact material for vacuum circuit breaker, it is characterised in that: the copper chromium for vacuum circuit breaker touches
Head material preparation method as described in Claims 1 to 5 any one is prepared.
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Cited By (3)
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CN112589101A (en) * | 2020-10-21 | 2021-04-02 | 陕西斯瑞新材料股份有限公司 | Preparation method of copper-chromium shielding case for vacuum arc-extinguishing chamber |
CN114951665A (en) * | 2022-05-17 | 2022-08-30 | 浙江省冶金研究院有限公司 | Preparation method of low-cost high-density high-conductivity copper-chromium contact |
CN114951665B (en) * | 2022-05-17 | 2024-04-16 | 浙江省冶金研究院有限公司 | Preparation method of low-cost high-density high-conductivity copper-chromium contact |
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EP1130608A3 (en) * | 2000-03-04 | 2003-09-03 | Metalor Technologies International S.A. | Process for the manufacture of a contact material for contacts elements for vacuum switches, contact material and contact elements |
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CN114951665B (en) * | 2022-05-17 | 2024-04-16 | 浙江省冶金研究院有限公司 | Preparation method of low-cost high-density high-conductivity copper-chromium contact |
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Application publication date: 20190219 |
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