CN104982315A

CN104982315A - Soilless cultivation method for ivies

Info

Publication number: CN104982315A
Application number: CN201510365953.2A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 梁海林
Original assignee: Individual
Current assignee: Individual
Priority date: 2015-06-29
Filing date: 2015-06-29
Publication date: 2015-10-21

Abstract

The present invention discloses a soilless cultivation method for ivies. All components of a culture medium are mixed, fermented and disinfected; and then, the ivies are planted and growth management is performed. According to the soilless cultivation method for the ivies, disclosed by the present invention, the breathability and trophism of an ivy planting substrate can be improved and enough nutrients are provided for the growth of the ivies; the growth of the ivies is accelerated; and the effect of preventing plant diseases and insect pests also can be realized, and a good foundation is laid for purifying air by the ivies and creating a clean breathing environment.

Description

A kind of ivy soilless culture method

Technical field

The invention belongs to field of plant growing technology, especially relate to a kind of ivy soilless culture method.

Background technology

Human survival be unable to do without air, and the time in all one's life about 80% of people is spent in indoor, and particularly always, the weakling such as weak, sick, residual, young, pregnant is longer in the indoor activity time, and the physical and mental health of quality to them of indoor environmental quality is more important.At present, " indoor environmental pollution " becomes the third-largest air pollution problems inherent in the whole world after " smoke pollution " and " photochemical pollution ".The death toll that China is caused by room air pollution has every year reached 11.1 ten thousand people, average every day approximately dead 304 people.Contaminants of chemical origin in indoor environment is mainly from the oil smoke etc. in finishing, furniture, toy, gas water heater, pesticide spray, cosmetics, kitchen, and plant emissions waste gas, waste water, medical waste etc. are also quite common.

Ivy, (Classification system: Hedera nepalensis var. sinensis (Tobl.) Rehd), another name: soil drum rattan, brill sky wind, china creeper root, loose bone wind, dentiferous dendropanax root and stem rattan, foreign ivy, Araliaceae Hedera perennial evergreen climbing shrub, aerial root, stem taupe brown or dark brown, smooth, single leaf alternate; Petiole has scale without stipule; Elliptic leaf shape lanceolar on spray, the single top of umbel is raw, and flower yellowish white or pale green are in vain with, flower pesticide purple; Floral disc swells, yellow.Spherical fruit, red or yellow, 9 ~ November of florescence, really 3 ~ May of next year phase.In order to climb artificial hillock, rock, or vertical greening material can be made at the building back in garden.Also can potted plantly view and admire for indoor greening.Be used widely in ivy greening, in vertical planting, especially play very important effect.It not only can reach greening, landscaping effect, also plays oxygenation simultaneously, lowers the temperature, subtracts dirt, reduces the effects such as noise, is one of material with the most use in liana class green plants.

The aperture of ivy hole between 0.27-0.98 nanometer, in crystal arrangement.Have light current, the molecular diameter of formaldehyde, ammonia, benzene,toluene,xylene all between 0.4-0.62 nanometer, and is all polar molecule, has the feature of the pernicious gases such as Preferential adsorption formaldehyde, benzene, TVOC, reaches the effect purified the air of a room simultaneously.

The cultivation of existing ivy is generally planted in earth or water, and common soil easily hardens and loses gas permeability, is unfavorable for that ivy grows, and in water, plantation needs often to change water, wastes time and energy.

Summary of the invention

The invention provides a kind of ivy soilless culture method, gas permeability and the trophism of ivy planting matrix can be improved, growth for ivy provides enough nutrients, accelerate the growth rate of ivy, the effect of prevention and elimination of disease and pests can also be played, for ivy purifies air, creates clean breathing environment and provide a good basis.

The present invention realizes in the following way:

A kind of ivy soilless culture method, comprises the following steps:

The preparation of medium: the ratio of weight and number of each component of medium is: grains of sand 20-40 part, bagasse 10-20 part, vermiculite 10-25 part, bacterium chaff 15-35 part, animal wastes 5-15 part.Compound method: bacterium chaff crushes, dries, then together with bagasse, the abundant hybrid reactor of animal wastes, fermentation 20-30 days is carried out with plastic film covering, then by the grains of sand, vermiculite mix and blend, formalin with 40% sprays and carries out disinfection, and places and obtains soilless culture medium in 5-10 days;

Field planting: choose the ivy seedling that 3-5cm is high, soak ivy seedling 5-10min with the carbendazim of 1000 times, and clean with clear water, dry, borehole on medium, peel the 1-2 sheet leaf of ivy seedling base portion off, 2-4 strain is one clump and puts in hand-hole, pressing;

Growth management: conventionally water, ensures that medium is moistening, carries out pest management.

Preferably, the particle diameter of the grains of sand of described step (1) is 1-2mm.

Preferably, the bagasse length of described step (1) is 0.8-1.5cm.Bagasse is the principal by product of sugar industry, is a kind of important renewable biomass resource.China is the 3rd cane planting big country being only second to Brazil and India, and southern sugarcane district sugarcane gross yield more than 7,000 ten thousand t, the output of bagasse reaches 7,000,000 t.Due to trans-utilization technological means fall behind, traditionally bagasse often go out of use need not or majority be only used as fuel, its availability is very low, not only causes the waste of resource, but also brings the pollution of environment.Bagasse is fermented, not only can provide nutrition for the growth of ivy, the waste of the pollution that can also reduce environment also resource.

Preferably, the vermiculite specification of described step (1) is 2-12mm.Vermiculite has chesson, good permeability, and water absorbing force is strong, and the features such as variations in temperature is little, are conducive to the growth of crop, also can reduce the input of fertilizer.Vermiculite can be used as soil conditioner, because it has good cation exchange and adsorptivity, can improve the structure of soil, and water storage preserves soil moisture, and improves gas permeability and the property of water-bearing of soil, makes acid ground become neutral soil; Vermiculite also can play cushioning effect, hinders the rapid change of pH value, makes fertilizer slow releasing in plant growth medium, and allows slightly excessively use fertilizer and be safe from harm to plant; The elements such as Mn, Cu, Zn of K, Mg, Ca, Fe that vermiculite also can provide self to contain to crop and trace.The water imbibition of vermiculite, cation exchange and properties of chemical composition, make it play the multiple actions such as fertilizer conservation, water conservation, water storage, ventilative and mineral fertilizer.Plant trees and the nutrition basic unit in business seedbed as planting pot, for plant transplanting and transport advantageous particularly.Vermiculite can promote the stable growth of the growth of root system of plant and seedling effectively.The necessary moisture of plant growth and nutrition are provided for a long time, and the stable of root sunlight temperature can be kept.Vermiculite can make crop just can obtain sufficient moisture and mineral matter from early growth period, promotes that plant comparatively fast grows, increase yield.

Bacterium chaff: be utilize the raw material such as stalk, wood chip to carry out edible mushroom substituting stuff cultivation, the medium residue after receiving, is commonly called as edible fungus culturing waste material, bacterium slag or clout; The residual body of hypha of edible fungus and through edible mushroom enzymolysis, the compound of the compositions such as the raw fiber of structure generation qualitative change.Cultivating the bacterium chaff of edible mushroom, is good organic manure.Contained by the agricultural byproducts such as stalk, infusibility macromolecular compound is become simple soluble substance by mycelium decomposition, thus can effectively improve the nutrient absorbed by crops.According to surveying and determination, support the discarded composts or fertilisers of cultivating content of organic matter after mushroom up to more than 30%, be 3 times of straw directly returning to field, nitrogen content 1.5-1.8%, higher than freshly-slaughtered poultry excrement.After bacterium chaff fertilizer is manured into soil, the physicochemical property of soil can also be improved further, increase soil organic matter content, promote formation and the conversion of soil humus and granule group, improve soil water-retaining performance and soil fertility, promote crops erosion resistance and volume increase.The excessive use that simultaneously can reduce chemical fertilizer causes many negative effects, as soil property pollution, environmental pollution etc.

The invention has the beneficial effects as follows:

Medium gas permeability of the present invention, trophism are good, the usage amount of chemical fertilizer can be reduced in a large number, reduce production cost, improve the diseases and insect pests resistance of ivy, reduce the use of agricultural chemicals, for ivy purifies air, creates clean breathing environment and provide a good basis.

Embodiment

Below in conjunction with specific embodiment, the invention will be further described, but do not limit the scope of the invention and range of application.

Embodiment 1

A kind of ivy soilless culture method, comprises the following steps:

(1) preparation of medium: the ratio of weight and number of each component of medium is: 20 parts, the grains of sand, bagasse 10 parts, vermiculite 10 parts, bacterium chaff 15 parts, animal wastes 5 parts.Sand particle size is 1mm, and bagasse length is 0.8cm, and vermiculite specification is 2mm.Compound method: bacterium chaff crushes, dries, then together with bagasse, the abundant hybrid reactor of animal wastes, fermentation is carried out 20 days with plastic film covering, then by the grains of sand, vermiculite mix and blend, formalin with 40% sprays and carries out disinfection, and places and obtains soilless culture medium in 5 days;

(2) field planting: choose the ivy seedling that 3cm is high, soak ivy seedling 5min with the carbendazim of 1000 times, and clean with clear water, dry, borehole on medium, peel 1 leaf of ivy seedling base portion off, 2 strains are one clump and put in hand-hole, pressing;

(3) growth management: conventionally water, ensures that medium is moistening, carries out pest management.

Embodiment 2

A kind of ivy soilless culture method, comprises the following steps:

(1) preparation of medium: the ratio of weight and number of each component of medium is: 30 parts, the grains of sand, bagasse 20 parts, vermiculite 18 parts, bacterium chaff 25 parts, animal wastes 10 parts.Sand particle size is 2mm, and bagasse length is 1.5cm, and vermiculite specification is 8mm.Compound method: bacterium chaff crushes, dries, then together with bagasse, the abundant hybrid reactor of animal wastes, fermentation is carried out 25 days with plastic film covering, then by the grains of sand, vermiculite mix and blend, formalin with 40% sprays and carries out disinfection, and places and obtains soilless culture medium in 8 days;

(2) field planting: choose the ivy seedling that 5cm is high, soak ivy seedling 8min with the carbendazim of 1000 times, and clean with clear water, dry, borehole on medium, peel 2 leaves of ivy seedling base portion off, 3 strains are one clump and put in hand-hole, pressing;

Embodiment 3

A kind of ivy soilless culture method, comprises the following steps:

(1) preparation of medium: the ratio of weight and number of each component of medium is: 40 parts, the grains of sand, bagasse 15 parts, vermiculite 25 parts, bacterium chaff 35 parts, animal wastes 25 parts.Sand particle size is 2mm, and bagasse length is 1.0cm, and vermiculite specification is 12mm.Compound method: bacterium chaff crushes, dries, then together with bagasse, the abundant hybrid reactor of animal wastes, fermentation is carried out 30 days with plastic film covering, then by the grains of sand, vermiculite mix and blend, formalin with 40% sprays and carries out disinfection, and places and obtains soilless culture medium in 10 days;

(2) field planting: choose the ivy seedling that 4cm is high, soak ivy seedling 10min with the carbendazim of 1000 times, and clean with clear water, dry, borehole on medium, peel 2 leaves of ivy seedling base portion off, 4 strains are one clump and put in hand-hole, pressing;

Embodiment 4

A kind of ivy soilless culture method, comprises the following steps:

(1) preparation of medium: the ratio of weight and number of each component of medium is: 25 parts, the grains of sand, bagasse 20 parts, vermiculite 10 parts, bacterium chaff 35 parts, animal wastes 5 parts.Sand particle size is 1mm, and bagasse length is 1.0cm, and vermiculite specification is 10mm.Compound method: bacterium chaff crushes, dries, then together with bagasse, the abundant hybrid reactor of animal wastes, fermentation is carried out 25 days with plastic film covering, then by the grains of sand, vermiculite mix and blend, formalin with 40% sprays and carries out disinfection, and places and obtains soilless culture medium in 10 days;

(2) field planting: choose the ivy seedling that 5cm is high, soak ivy seedling 5min with the carbendazim of 1000 times, and clean with clear water, dry, borehole on medium, peel 1 leaf of ivy seedling base portion off, 3 strains are one clump and put in hand-hole, pressing;

Claims

1. an ivy soilless culture method, is characterized in that: comprise the following steps:

(1) preparation of medium: the ratio of weight and number of each component of medium is: grains of sand 20-40 part, bagasse 10-20 part, vermiculite 10-25 part, bacterium chaff 15-35 part, animal wastes 5-15 part, compound method: bacterium chaff crushes, dries, then together with bagasse, the abundant hybrid reactor of animal wastes, fermentation 20-30 days is carried out with plastic film covering, then by the grains of sand, vermiculite mix and blend, formalin with 40% sprays and carries out disinfection, and places and obtains soilless culture medium in 5-10 days;

(2) field planting: choose the ivy seedling that 3-5cm is high, soaks ivy seedling 5-10min with the carbendazim of 1000 times, and cleans with clear water, dry, borehole on medium, peel the 1-2 sheet leaf of ivy seedling base portion off, 2-4 strain is one clump and puts in hand-hole, pressing;

2. a kind of ivy soilless culture method according to claim 1, is characterized in that the particle diameter of the described grains of sand is 1-2mm.

3. a kind of ivy soilless culture method according to claim 1, is characterized in that described bagasse length is 0.8-1.5cm.

4. a kind of ivy soilless culture method according to claim 1 and 2, is characterized in that described vermiculite specification is 2-12mm.