CN104956976A - Artificial multiplication method for carpinus tientaiensis - Google Patents
Artificial multiplication method for carpinus tientaiensis Download PDFInfo
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
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Abstract
The invention discloses an artificial multiplication method for carpinus tientaiensis, pertaining to the technical field of artificial multiplication for plants. The artificial multiplication method comprises following steps: (1) picking seeds; (2) storing seeds; (3) breaking dormancy of seeds; (4) selecting soil and culture mediums to grow seedlings; (5) transplanting of nursery stocks. The artificial multiplication method for carpinus tientaiensis has following beneficial effects: by utilization of the method, seeds of carpinus tientaiensis are subjected to mass propagation such that the dormancy characteristic for seeds of carpinus tientaiensis after ripening of embryo is discarded; breaking dormancy of seeds can be rapidly achieved for seeding growth so that germination percentage of seeds is increased by more than 50% and seedling survival percent can reach at more than 80%; the artificial multiplication method is in favor of increase in population of carpinus tientaiensis and has great scientific significance and practical significance in preventing carpinus tientaiensis as endangered plants against extinction.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to plant artificial propagation techniques field, relate to a kind of artificial fecundation method of Carpinus tientaiensis specifically.
Background technology
Carpinus tientaiensis (
carpinus tientaiensischeng), belong to Betulaceae (Betulaceae), Carpinus (Carpinus), deciduous tree, is born in the mountain forest of height above sea level 800 ~ 1000m, due to the serious fragmentation in habitat and fertility more weak, Carpinus tientaiensis is just endangered, only be distributed in Tiantai County Mount Huading and Panan County is winding greatly, only deposit 21 strains, distribution area about 0.3 hm
2, be in pole danger state, stablize tolerance range lower than Wild population, belong to minimum population wild plant, be listed in national secondary Top-rated protected wild plants; Carpinus tientaiensis is Zhejiang endemic species, has higher scientific research value for aspects such as the research geographical distribution of Betulaceae, flora and bio-diversities.The tree-like grace of Carpinus tientaiensis seeds, sight is strong, is the first-selected seeds of national natural reserves, National forest park Germ-plasma resources protection and flowers market ornamental plants.
Carpinus tientaiensis is due to the defect of propagating system, and the specialization of plant ecology characteristic only depends on special environment, habitat, so cause population rare.Carpinus tientaiensis belongs to the seed of comprehensive dormancy; ripe Carpinus tientaiensis seed embryo structural integrity; but there is certain after ripening, hinder the protection to rare plant Carpinus tientaiensis and the exploitation to wild plant, be unfavorable for amount reproduction and the application of Carpinus tientaiensis plant.Carpinus tientaiensis loses competitive advantage at self; in protection situation of enclosing the land; also natural regeneration procreation is difficult to; be necessary to carry out research Carpinus tientaiensis propagation method, bred by manual method, the nursery stock of reproductive success is moved in the corresponding conditions of relatively suitable or artificial creation; expand population quantity; prevent the extinction of endangered plants Carpinus tientaiensis, both there is important scientific meaning, there is again important practice significance.But up to the present, also effective method is not had for the artificial breeding of Carpinus tientaiensis both at home and abroad.
Summary of the invention
The present invention is the technical problem being difficult to breeding and current manual method not easily reproductive success in order to solve endangered plants Carpinus tientaiensis in its natural state, a kind of artificial fecundation method of Carpinus tientaiensis is provided, Carpinus tientaiensis seed is utilized to carry out sapling multiplication, seed shifts to an earlier date breaking dormancy, the germination rate of seed reaches more than 50%, and planting percent reaches more than 80%.
The artificial fecundation method of a kind of Carpinus tientaiensis provided by the present invention, comprises the following steps:
(1), seed is plucked
Pluck Carpinus tientaiensis mature seed, plucking time is that annual 10 middle of the month are to early November;
(2), store
By the Carpinus tientaiensis mature seed gathered, being kept at indoor temperature is 10 DEG C ~ 25 DEG C, ventilation, dry place, and the holding time is 20 days ~ 150 days;
(3), seed breaks dormancy
The seed of learning from else's experience after preserving, washes away empty grain, seed is put into thimerosal disinfection, then clean with distilled water flushing; Again seed is placed in 20 DEG C ~ 30 DEG C distilled water and soaks 36 ~ 60 hours;
The seed after sterilization is placed in plant hormone again and soaks, the mass fraction of described plant hormone is set to 50mg/L ~ 200mg/L;
Seed after soaking, clean with distilled water flushing, seed is put into germination basin; Described germination basin is put into illumination box and is germinateed, and the temperature of described germination basin is set to 20 DEG C ~ 30 DEG C, and intensity of illumination is 1300 lx ~ 1800 lx, and light dark period is 12h: 12h;
(4), soil culture medium nursery is selected
The Carpinus tientaiensis seed that radicle is sprouted is planted in the cultivation box or flowerpot or intelligent glass sunlight house filling soil culture medium, described soil culture medium proportioning is high mountain fallen leaves humus soils: river sand=1.5 ~ 3: 0.6 ~ 1.2, the pH of described soil culture medium is 5.3 ~ 5.8, cultivation box puts into phytotron, temperature is set to 18 DEG C ~ 22 DEG C, humidity is 70 ~ 80%, intensity of illumination is 3000lx ~ 3500lx, light dark period is 12h: 12h, matrix water-holding capacity is set to 35 ~ 50%, treat that second true leaf grows, artificial climate room temperature is set to 20 DEG C ~ 28 DEG C, humidity is set to 65 ~ 75%, intensity of illumination is set to 7300 lx ~ 8000 lx, light dark period is set to 12h: 12h,
(5), Nursery stock transplanting
After growing 3 ~ 5 true leaves, nursery stock is moved on to and connects a film booth, described company's film booth day temperature is set to 20 DEG C ~ 26 DEG C, nocturnal temperature is set to 10 DEG C ~ 15 DEG C, humidity is 65 ~ 75%, intensity of illumination is 10000 lx ~ 15000 lx, and light dark period is set to 12h: 12h.
As a preferred version of the present invention, in described step (2), the storage temperature of Carpinus tientaiensis mature seed is 19 DEG C ~ 21 DEG C, and the described holding time is 30 ~ 40 days.
As a preferred version of the present invention, the thimerosal in described step (3) is mass fraction is 10% liquor natrii hypochloritis, and disinfecting time is set to 20 min ~ 40min, then clean with distilled water flushing.
As another preferred version of the present invention, the thimerosal in described step (3) to be mass fraction be 3% H
2o
2solution, disinfecting time is set to 20 min ~ 30min, then clean with distilled water flushing.
As a preferred version of the present invention, the artificial fecundation method of above-mentioned a kind of Carpinus tientaiensis, plant hormone in described step (3) is set to NAA, and the mass fraction of described NAA is set to 50mg/L ~ 200mg/L, and described immersion treatment set of time is 18 ~ 30 hours.
As another preferred version of the present invention, the artificial fecundation method of above-mentioned a kind of Carpinus tientaiensis, the plant hormone in described step (3) is set to GA
3, described GA
3mass fraction be set to 50mg ~ 200mg/L, described immersion treatment set of time is 36 ~ 60 hours.
As another preferred version of the present invention, the artificial fecundation method of above-mentioned a kind of Carpinus tientaiensis, plant hormone in described step (3) is set to 6-BA, and the mass fraction of described 6-BA is set to 50mg ~ 150mg/L, and described immersion treatment set of time is 36 ~ 60 hours.
As another preferred version of the present invention, the artificial fecundation method of above-mentioned a kind of Carpinus tientaiensis, plant hormone in described step (3) is set to NAA and 6-BA, and the mass fraction of described NAA is set to 50mg/L, and the described immersion treatment time is 20 ~ 28 hours; The mass fraction of described 6-BA is set to 50mg ~ 200mg/L, and described immersion treatment set of time is 45 ~ 50 hours.
As another preferred version of the present invention, the artificial fecundation method of above-mentioned a kind of Carpinus tientaiensis, the plant hormone in described step (3) is set to NAA and GA
3, the mass fraction of described NAA is set to 50mg/L, and the described immersion treatment time is 24 hours; Described GA
3mass fraction be set to 50mg ~ 200mg/L, described immersion treatment set of time is 45 ~ 50 hours.
As another preferred version of the present invention, the artificial fecundation method of above-mentioned a kind of Carpinus tientaiensis, in described step (4), described soil culture medium proportioning is high mountain fallen leaves humus soils: river sand=2: 1, the pH value of described soil culture medium is 5.6, the temperature of described phytotron is set to 20 DEG C, humidity is set to 75%, intensity of illumination is 3000 lx ~ 3200 lx, light dark period is 12h: 12h, and matrix water-holding capacity controls 35 ~ 50%, treats that second true leaf grows, artificial climate room temperature is set to 25 DEG C, and humidity is set to 70%.
The beneficial effect of the artificial fecundation method of a kind of Carpinus tientaiensis of the present invention is.
(1), the present invention is according to Carpinus tientaiensis seed germination biological property, break Carpinus tientaiensis kind embryo after-ripening hibernation feature, manual simulation is carried out to its growing environment Main Factors illumination, temperature, moisture content and somatotropin, make the quick breaking dormancy rudiment of seed and seedling, successfully achieve Carpinus tientaiensis artificial propagation.
(2), show the feature of more resistance to shade according to Carpinus tientaiensis impeller structure, when cotyledon and true leaf are sprouted, by controlled light condition, suitable shelters from heat or light, and makes seedling smooth growth.
(3), the artificial fecundation method of the Carpinus tientaiensis that utilizes the present invention to carry out, Carpinus tientaiensis percentage of seedgermination can be made to reach more than 50%, and wherein the survival rate of seedling is to more than 80%.
(4) artificial fecundation method of the Carpinus tientaiensis, utilizing the present invention to carry out, the nursery stock of reproductive success is moved in relatively suitable natural environment or artificial creation have in corresponding conditions environment, be conducive to expanding population quantity, for the extinction preventing endangered plants Carpinus tientaiensis, both there is important scientific meaning, there is again important practice significance.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the artificial fecundation method flow chart of a kind of Carpinus tientaiensis of the present invention.
Embodiment
Illustrate that the present invention is described in further detail below in conjunction with accompanying drawing.
As shown in Figure 1, the artificial fecundation method of a kind of Carpinus tientaiensis of the present invention, comprises the following steps: harvesting seed, storage, seed break dormancy, select soil culture medium nursery and Nursery stock transplanting.
(1), pluck seed, pluck Carpinus tientaiensis mature seed, after deliberation, the mature seed that different time is plucked, carry out artificial propagation through same procedure, but the germination rate of seed has very large difference, optimum collecting time is that annual 10 middle of the month are to early November.
(2), store, by the Carpinus tientaiensis mature seed gathered, being kept at indoor temperature is 10 DEG C ~ 25 DEG C, ventilation, dry place, and the holding time is 20 days ~ 150 days, after deliberation, the mature seed plucked simultaneously, be kept at identical place, but the duration of preserving is different, artificial propagation is carried out through same procedure, but the germination rate of seed has very large difference, if the holding time is long or too short, capital affects the germination rate of seed, for the seed of Carpinus tientaiensis, find through research, holding time is about 30 days, the germination rate of seed is the highest, (see table 1), as in embodiment 1, when other incubation are identical, storage time is 30 days, percentage of seedgermination is 50%, survival rate of seedling is greater than 80%, storage time is 150 days, and percentage of seedgermination is 32%, slow 20 days of seedling-growing time, survival rate of seedling 53.5%, when storage time is 150 days, utilize husky Tibetan mode to preserve, preserve 150 days when water-holding capacity is 30%, other incubation, with embodiment 1, find that percentage of seedgermination is 35%, survival rate of seedling 65%, preserve 150 days when water-holding capacity is 50%, other incubation, with embodiment 1, find that percentage of seedgermination is 5%, survival rate of seedling 52%,
(table 1) different disposal and storage time are on the impact of Carpinus tientaiensis percentage of seedgermination.
(3), seed breaks dormancy
Seed dormancy refers to seed alive still not germinable phenomenon under suitable sprouting condition (temperature, moisture and oxygen etc.); Seed dormancy is one of important adaptive character of plant.Seed dormant reason can be classified as two large classes: the first kind is that the factor of embryo itself causes, and comprises embryonic development and does not complete; Prematurity on physiology; Lack necessary hormone or there is the material of Inhibiting germination.Equations of The Second Kind is that the restriction of kind of a shell (seed coat and pericarp etc.) causes.Comprise the machinery obstruction of kind of shell, impermeability, air impermeability and plant in shell and there is the reasons such as the material of Inhibiting germination.
Usually with to break or the method for breaking dormancy has physical treatment process and method of chemical treatment, described physical treatment process comprises Temperature Treatment and mechanical treatment; Described method of chemical treatment comprises gas treating process, inorganic chemistry drug treating method, organic chemistry drug treating method and Plant hormone treatment method; Described gas treating process, just can by dormancy breaking as the carbonic acid gas with 2.5%; Described inorganic chemistry drug treating method utilizes the solution seed soakings such as inorganic chemistry pharmaceutical acid, alkali exactly, make the seed coat corrosion cracking of seed, ventilative water permeability strengthens, and makes and the inhibiting substances effect derepression in seed, thus break seed dormancy, promote fast-germination; Described organic chemistry drug treating method can use thiocarbamide, formaldehyde, carrene, the process such as hydroquinones, colchicine essence, tartaric acid, oxyammonia seed, makes seed Dormancy breaking, promotes to sprout; Described Plant hormone treatment method for example processes with gibberellin, gibberellin is a kind of wide spectrum, efficient plant growth regulator, seed can be made to terminate dormancy ahead of time, and improve germination rate, gibberellin also has the effect of stratification and shoot and leaf growth and early flowering result to plant.The effect that gibberellin reversible abscisic acid causes, breaks the dormancy of being induced by the latter; The effect of gibberellin stratification is especially obvious under cryogenic.
After deliberation, dense H is used
2sO
4, rare HNO
3, mechanical damage, warm water process, all can not break or remove the dormancy of Carpinus tientaiensis seed, the seed germination (see table 2) of Carpinus tientaiensis can not be made;
(table 2) dense H
2sO
4, rare HNO
3, mechanical damage, warm water process is on the impact of Carpinus tientaiensis percentage of seedgermination.
Find through lot of experiments, use suitable plant hormone can break or remove the dormancy of Carpinus tientaiensis seed, promote the seed germination of Carpinus tientaiensis, method is as follows: the seed of learning from else's experience after preserving, washes away empty grain, seed is put into thimerosal disinfection, described thimerosal is mass fraction is 10% liquor natrii hypochloritis, disinfecting time is set to 20 min ~ 40min, and then distilled water flushing is clean, then seed is placed in 20 DEG C ~ 30 DEG C distilled water soaks 36 ~ 60 hours; As another kind of embodiment, can be also the H of 3% with mass fraction
2o
2solution, disinfecting time is set to 20 min, and then distilled water flushing is clean, then seed is placed in 20 DEG C ~ 30 DEG C distilled water soaks 36 ~ 60 hours.
The seed after sterilization is placed in plant hormone again and soaks, described plant hormone uses 6-BA, GA
3, NAA or NAA and 6-BA combination, NAA and GA
3be combined into row relax seed, can effectively promote Carpinus tientaiensis seed germination, wherein 6-BA is 6-benzyladenine, cytokinin; GA
3for gibberellin 3; NAA is methyl α-naphthyl acetate, is artificial synthetic hormone class; Further research finds, 6-BA, GA
3, NAA, NAA and 6-BA combination, NAA and GA
3the different quality mark of combination, also has a great impact effect to the percentage of seedgermination of Carpinus tientaiensis; When the mass fraction of described plant hormone is set to 50mg/L ~ 200mg/L, there is obvious facilitation; When the mass fraction of described plant hormone is too high, seed just can not germinate.When a certain plant hormone of single use, the percentage of seedgermination of different quality mark to Carpinus tientaiensis of different plant hormones and different plant hormones produces different effects; When using different NAA and 6-BA combinations and NAA and GA
3during combination, different mass fractions also can produce different effects to the percentage of seedgermination of Carpinus tientaiensis; As advantageous measure of the present invention, as use NAA and GA
3combination, is first placed on the seed after sterilization in NAA to soak and is placed on GA again
3middle immersion, the mass fraction of described NAA is set to 50mg/L, and the immersion treatment time is 24 hours, described GA
3mass fraction be set to 50mg/L ~ 200mg/L, the immersion treatment time is 48 hours, the seed after soaking, clean with distilled water flushing, and seed is put into germination basin; Described germination basin is put into illumination box and is germinateed, and the temperature of described germination basin is set to 20 ~ 30 DEG C, and intensity of illumination is 1500 lx, and light dark period is 12h: 12h; Will sprout through 8 ~ 11 days radicles, make seed successfully break dormancy, according to this method, Carpinus tientaiensis percentage of seedgermination reaches 50%, (see table 3);
(table 3) 6-BA, GA
3, NAA process is on the impact of Carpinus tientaiensis percentage of seedgermination.
(4), soil culture medium nursery is selected
Find after deliberation, when other condition of culture are identical, different soils medium is comparatively large on the impact of the survival rate of seedling of Carpinus tientaiensis, and soil culture medium proportioning has a strong impact on the growth of Carpinus tientaiensis seedling.As seedling matrix is done in fertile with high mountain yellow soil, chicken manure in fresh water river sand mixing, Carpinus tientaiensis seedling can withered and yellow, wither Yan, survival rate of seedling is 0%; As done seedling matrix with border on the sea mud field soil, fertilizer and the mixing of fresh water river sand, because border on the sea mud field soil pH value is higher, be 6.5 ~ 7.0, soil salt content is high, composition is based on sodium chloride, mix with fertilizer, fresh water river sand and do seedling matrix, Carpinus tientaiensis seedling there will be Yan that withers, death, and survival rate of seedling is 0%; As done seedling matrix with high mountain yellow soil, fertilizer and river sand, because the high mountain yellow soil content of organic matter is low, need to add a certain amount of fertilizer, increase the content of N, P, K, its survival rate of seedling is about 50%.As fall leaves with high mountain humus soil and river sand, due to high mountain fallen leaves humus soil water conservation, permeable and venting capability is all relatively good, is conducive to the growth of seedling; As advantageous measure of the present invention, when the proportioning of high mountain fallen leaves humus soil and river sand is set to 2: 1, pH value is 5.6, and the content of organic matter 22 ~ 26 g/kg, its survival rate of seedling is maximum, and survival rate of seedling is greater than 80%.(see table 4);
(table 4) different soils medium is on the impact of the survival rate of seedling of Carpinus tientaiensis.
During the region between the heart and the diaphragm seedling, the Carpinus tientaiensis seed that radicle is sprouted is planted the cultivation box filling soil culture medium, soil culture medium proportioning is high mountain fallen leaves humus soils: river sand=2: 1, pH value is 5.6, the content of organic matter 22 ~ 26 g/kg, cultivation box is put into phytotron, constant temperature 18 DEG C ~ 22 DEG C is set, humidity is 70 ~ 80%, intensity of illumination is 3150 lx, light dark period is 12h: 12h, matrix water-holding capacity controls 35 ~ 50%, like this, the cotyledon of 5 ~ 7 days Carpinus tientaiensis seeds will be unearthed, within about 10 ~ 15 days, rough leaf grows, after 20 ~ 25 days, second true leaf will grow, after second true leaf grows, the temperature of phytotron is set to constant temperature 20 DEG C ~ 28 DEG C, humidity is 70%, illumination increases to 7600 lx, light dark period is set to 12h: 12h, the so just favourable growth having nursery stock.
(5), Nursery stock transplanting
Find after deliberation, after identical method process, transplant in different periods, survival rate of seedling is also had a great impact.As transplanted when seed is not sprouted, survival rate of seedling is 48%; Transplant after growing 2 ~ 3 true leaves, survival rate of seedling is greater than 80%; Transplant when growing 4 ~ 5 true leaves, survival rate of seedling is 50%; So as preferred embodiment of the present invention, after growing 2 ~ 3 true leaves, nursery stock is moved on to and connect a film, effect is best, and survival rate of seedling is the highest.(see table 5)
(table 5) different Different Transplanting Periods is on the impact of survival rate.
after growing 2 ~ 3 true leaves, nursery stock is moved on to and connects a film booth, described company's film booth day temperature is set to 20 DEG C ~ 26 DEG C, nocturnal temperature is set to 10 DEG C ~ 15 DEG C, and humidity is 65 ~ 75%, and intensity of illumination is 12000 lx, light dark period is set to 12h: 12h, like this, when after seed germination, 60 ~ 70 days just can form 4 ~ 5 true leaves, and survival rate of seedling is greater than 80%.
The following examples just for describing the present invention in detail, and limit the scope of the invention never in any form.
Embodiment 1: in late October, pluck the seed of Carpinus tientaiensis maturation, suitable elite stand material is selected during seed collecting, and take into account that forest hip number is more, seed quality preferably feature, the age of tree is more than 50 years, the height of tree 10 ~ 15m, the diameter of a cross-section of a tree trunk 1.3 meters above the ground 15 ~ 80 about cm, preserve seed one month in 20 DEG C of ventilations, dry environment.Get mature seed 500, washing away empty grain, full 405 seeds are carried out sprouting experiment, the seed mass fraction that need sprout is the hypochlorite disinfectant 30min of 10%; 25 DEG C of seed distilled water immersions 48 hours; Being put into mass fraction is again immersion treatment 24 hours in the NAA of 50mg/L, then is put into the GA that mass fraction is 150mg/L
3middle immersion treatment 48 hours; Then clean with distilled water flushing, seed is put into germination basin.Germination basin is put into illumination box and is germinateed, and arrange constant temperature 25 DEG C, illumination 1500 lx, light dark period is 12h: 12h; Within 8 ~ 11 days, radicle is sprouted.Being planted by the Carpinus tientaiensis seed that radicle is sprouted fills in flowerpot that soil culture medium bore is 25cm, soil culture medium proportioning high mountain fallen leaves humus soil: river sand=2: 1; Phytotron put into by flowerpot, constant temperature 20 DEG C is set, humidity is 75%, illumination 3150 lx, and light dark period is 12h: 12h, matrix water-holding capacity controls 35 ~ 50%, within 5 ~ 7 days, cotyledon is unearthed, and after 15 days, rough leaf grows, and after 20 days, second true leaf grows, 23rd day seed germination number 213, germination rate 53%; Treat at the beginning of 4 months that 2 ~ 3 true leaves grow, seedling is moved on to and connects a film booth, day temperature is 20 ~ 26 DEG C, nocturnal temperature is 10 ~ 15 DEG C, and humidity is 70%, illumination 12000 lx, within after seed treatment 70 days, form 4 ~ 5 leaf seedling 178, transplant seedling percent 83.6%.
Embodiment 2: in late October, pluck 500, the seed of Carpinus tientaiensis maturation, washing away empty grain, full 403 seeds are carried out sprouting experiment, its storage procedures and broken dormancy method are with embodiment 1, difference is planted by the Carpinus tientaiensis seed that radicle is sprouted to fill in the cultivation box of soil culture medium, after seed treatment, after 15 days, rough leaf grows, and after 21 days, second true leaf grows, 23 days seed germination numbers 200, germination rate 49.6%.Treat at the beginning of 4 months that 2 ~ 3 true leaves grow, seedling moves on to and connects a film booth, and day temperature is 20 ~ 26 DEG C, and nocturnal temperature is 10 ~ 15 DEG C, and humidity is 72%, illumination 12000 lx, within after seed treatment 70 days, forms 4 ~ 5 leaf seedling 160, transplants seedling percent 80%.
Embodiment 3: in late October, pluck the seed of Carpinus tientaiensis maturation, 500, washing away empty grain, full 390 seeds are carried out sprouting experiment, its storage procedures and broken dormancy method are with embodiment 1, and difference is that the Carpinus tientaiensis seed that radicle is sprouted is planted intelligent glass sunlight house, making width with soil culture medium is 100cm, and thickness 5cm's is seedling cultivation bed; Described soil culture medium is high mountain fallen leaves humus soils: river sand=2: 1, arrange constant temperature 20 DEG C, and humidity is 75%, illumination 3150 lx, and 12h: 12h light dark period, matrix water-holding capacity controls 45%.Within 5 ~ 7 days, cotyledon is unearthed, and after 14 ~ 16 days, rough leaf grows, and within 20 ~ 25 days, second true leaf grows, the 28th day seed germination number 206, and germination rate is 52.84%; Treat that 2 ~ 3 true leaves grow, arrange day temperature 20 ~ 26 DEG C, nocturnal temperature 10 ~ 15 DEG C, humidity is 82%, illumination 12000 lx, within after seed treatment 68 days, forms 4 ~ 5 leaf seedling 173, transplants seedling percent 84%.
Embodiment 4: in early November, pluck the seed of Carpinus tientaiensis maturation, 500, washing away empty grain, full 396 seeds are carried out sprouting experiment, its storage procedures and broken dormancy method are with embodiment 1, difference is the composition of soil culture medium is high mountain yellow soil, fertilizer and river sand, described proportioning is high mountain yellow soil: fertilizer: river sand=2: 1: 1, within 5 ~ 7 days, cotyledon is unearthed, and after 14 ~ 15 days, rough leaf grows, and within 22 ~ 26 days, second true leaf grows, 28th day seed germination number 161, germination rate is 41%; The Carpinus tientaiensis seed that radicle is sprouted is planted above-mentioned soil culture medium, increases the content of N, P, K, carry out nursery, process latter 70 days and form 4 ~ 5 leaf seedling 81, its survival rate of seedling is 50%.
Embodiment 5: in late October, pluck the seed of Carpinus tientaiensis maturation, suitable elite stand material is selected during seed collecting, and take into account that forest hip number is more, seed quality preferably feature, the age of tree is more than 50 years, the height of tree 10 ~ 15m, the diameter of a cross-section of a tree trunk 1.3 meters above the ground 15 ~ 80 about cm, 10 DEG C of ventilations, in dry environment, preserve seed 20 days.Get mature seed 50, washing away empty grain, full 46 seeds are carried out sprouting experiment, the seed mass fraction that need sprout is the hypochlorite disinfectant 30min of 10%; 25 DEG C of seed distilled water immersions 36 hours; Be put into the GA that mass fraction is 150mg/L again
3middle immersion treatment 20 hours; Then clean with distilled water flushing, seed is put into germination basin; Germination basin is put into illumination box and is germinateed, and arrange constant temperature 20 DEG C, illumination 1300 lx, light dark period is 12h: 12h; Within 8 ~ 11 days, radicle is sprouted.Being planted by the Carpinus tientaiensis seed that radicle is sprouted fills in flowerpot that soil culture medium bore is 25cm, soil culture medium proportioning high mountain fallen leaves humus soil: river sand=1.5: 0.6; Phytotron put into by flowerpot, constant temperature 20 DEG C is set, humidity is 75%, illumination 3000 lx, and light dark period is 12h: 12h, matrix water-holding capacity controls 30%, within 5 ~ 7 days, cotyledon is unearthed, and after 15 days, rough leaf grows, and after 20 days, second true leaf grows, 23rd day seed germination number 20, germination rate 43.4%; Treat that 2 ~ 3 true leaves grow, seedling is moved on to and connects a film booth, day temperature is 20 ~ 26 DEG C, and nocturnal temperature is 10 ~ 15 DEG C, and humidity is 65%, illumination 10000 lx, within after seed treatment 70 days, forms 4 ~ 5 leaf seedling 16, transplants seedling percent 80%.
Embodiment 6: in early November, pluck the seed of Carpinus tientaiensis maturation, suitable elite stand material is selected during seed collecting, and take into account that forest hip number is more, seed quality preferably feature, the age of tree is more than 50 years, the height of tree 10 ~ 15m, the diameter of a cross-section of a tree trunk 1.3 meters above the ground 15 ~ 80 about cm, 25 DEG C of ventilations, in dry environment, preserve seed 50 days.Get mature seed 50, washing away empty grain, full 45 seeds are carried out sprouting experiment, the seed mass fraction that need sprout is the hypochlorite disinfectant 30min of 10%; 30 DEG C of seed distilled water immersions 60 hours; Being put into mass fraction is again immersion treatment 30 hours in the NAA of 100mg/L; Then clean with distilled water flushing, seed is put into germination basin; Germination basin is put into illumination box and is germinateed, and arrange constant temperature 30 DEG C, illumination 1800 lx, light dark period is 12h: 12h; Within 8 ~ 11 days, radicle is sprouted.Being planted by the Carpinus tientaiensis seed that radicle is sprouted fills in flowerpot that soil culture medium bore is 25cm, soil culture medium proportioning high mountain fallen leaves humus soil: river sand=3: 1.2; Phytotron put into by flowerpot, constant temperature 22 DEG C is set, humidity is 80%, illumination 3500 lx, and light dark period is 12h: 12h, matrix water-holding capacity controls 50%, within 5 ~ 7 days, cotyledon is unearthed, and after 15 days, rough leaf grows, and after 20 days, second true leaf grows, 23rd day seed germination number 9, germination rate 20%; Treat that 2 ~ 3 true leaves grow, seedling is moved on to and connects a film booth, day temperature is 20 ~ 26 DEG C, and nocturnal temperature is 10 ~ 15 DEG C, and humidity is 75%, illumination 15000 lx, within after seed treatment 70 days, forms 4 ~ 5 leaf seedling 6, transplants seedling percent 67%.
Embodiment of the present invention is described in detail above in conjunction with the embodiments; but the present invention is not limited to above-mentioned embodiment; to those skilled in the art; can also do some modification and improvement under the premise of not departing from the present invention, these also should be considered as belonging to protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. an artificial fecundation method for Carpinus tientaiensis, is characterized in that: described method comprises the following steps:
(1), seed is plucked
Pluck Carpinus tientaiensis mature seed, plucking time is that annual 10 middle of the month are to early November;
(2), store
By the Carpinus tientaiensis mature seed gathered, being kept at indoor temperature is 10 DEG C ~ 25 DEG C, ventilation, dry place, and the holding time is 20 days ~ 150 days;
(3), seed breaks dormancy
The seed of learning from else's experience after preserving, washes away empty grain, seed is put into thimerosal disinfection, then clean with distilled water flushing; Again seed is placed in 20 DEG C ~ 30 DEG C distilled water and soaks 36 ~ 60 hours;
The seed after sterilization is placed in plant hormone again and soaks, the mass fraction of described plant hormone is set to 50mg/L ~ 200mg/L;
Seed after soaking, clean with distilled water flushing, seed is put into germination basin; Described germination basin is put into illumination box and is germinateed, and the temperature of described germination basin is set to 20 DEG C ~ 30 DEG C, and intensity of illumination is 1300 lx ~ 1800 lx, and light dark period is 12h: 12h;
(4), soil culture medium nursery is selected
The Carpinus tientaiensis seed that radicle is sprouted is planted in the cultivation box or flowerpot or intelligent glass sunlight house filling soil culture medium, described soil culture medium proportioning is high mountain fallen leaves humus soils: river sand=1.5 ~ 3: 0.6 ~ 1.2, the pH of described soil culture medium is 5.3 ~ 5.8, cultivation box puts into phytotron, temperature is set to 18 DEG C ~ 22 DEG C, humidity is 70 ~ 80%, intensity of illumination is 3000 lx ~ 3500 lx, light dark period is 12h: 12h, matrix water-holding capacity is set to 35 ~ 50%, treat that second true leaf grows, artificial climate room temperature is set to 20 DEG C ~ 28 DEG C, humidity is set to 65 ~ 75%, intensity of illumination is set to 7300 lx ~ 8000 lx, light dark period is set to 12h: 12h,
(5), Nursery stock transplanting
After growing 3 ~ 5 true leaves, nursery stock is moved on to and connects a film booth, described company's film booth day temperature is set to 20 DEG C ~ 26 DEG C, nocturnal temperature is set to 10 DEG C ~ 15 DEG C, humidity is 65 ~ 75%, intensity of illumination is 10000 lx ~ 15000 lx, and light dark period is set to 12h: 12h.
2. the artificial fecundation method of a kind of Carpinus tientaiensis according to claim 1, is characterized in that: in described step (2), and described storage temperature is 19 DEG C ~ 21 DEG C, and the described holding time is 30 ~ 40 days.
3. the artificial fecundation method of a kind of Carpinus tientaiensis according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: the thimerosal in described step (3) is mass fraction is 10% liquor natrii hypochloritis, disinfecting time is set to 20 min ~ 40min, then clean with distilled water flushing.
4. the artificial fecundation method of a kind of Carpinus tientaiensis according to claim 1, is characterized in that: the thimerosal in described step (3) to be mass fraction be 3% H
2o
2solution, disinfecting time is set to 20 min ~ 30min, and then distilled water flushing is clean.
5. the artificial fecundation method of a kind of Carpinus tientaiensis according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: the plant hormone in described step (3) is set to NAA, the mass fraction of described NAA is set to 50mg/L ~ 200mg/L, and described immersion treatment set of time is 18 ~ 30 hours.
6. the artificial fecundation method of a kind of Carpinus tientaiensis according to claim 1, is characterized in that: the plant hormone in described step (3) is set to GA
3, described GA
3mass fraction be set to 50mg/L ~ 200mg/L, described immersion treatment set of time is 36 ~ 60 hours.
7. the artificial fecundation method of a kind of Carpinus tientaiensis according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: the plant hormone in described step (3) is set to 6-BA, the mass fraction of described 6-BA is set to 50mg/L ~ 150mg/L, and described immersion treatment set of time is 36 ~ 60 hours.
8. the artificial fecundation method of a kind of Carpinus tientaiensis according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: the plant hormone in described step (3) is set to NAA and 6-BA, the mass fraction of described NAA is set to 50mg/L, and the described immersion treatment time is 20 ~ 28 hours; The mass fraction of described 6-BA is set to 50mg/L ~ 200mg/L, and described immersion treatment set of time is 45 ~ 50 hours.
9. the artificial fecundation method of a kind of Carpinus tientaiensis according to claim 1, is characterized in that: the plant hormone in described step (3) is set to NAA and GA
3, the mass fraction of described NAA is set to 50mg/L, and described immersion treatment set of time is 24 hours; Described GA
3mass fraction be set to 50mg/L ~ 200mg/L, described immersion treatment set of time is 45 ~ 50 hours.
10. the artificial fecundation method of a kind of Carpinus tientaiensis according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: in described step (4), described soil culture medium proportioning is high mountain fallen leaves humus soils: river sand=2: 1, the pH of described soil culture medium is 5.6, the temperature of described phytotron is set to 20 DEG C, humidity is set to 75%, intensity of illumination is 3100lx ~ 3200lx, light dark period is 12h: 12h, matrix water-holding capacity controls 35 ~ 50%, treat that second true leaf grows, artificial climate room temperature is set to 25 DEG C, and humidity is set to 70%.
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| NL1038446C2 (en) * | 2010-12-12 | 2012-06-18 | Treecure B V | METHOD AND DEVICE FOR TREATING TREES. |
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| CN102845304A (en) * | 2011-06-29 | 2013-01-02 | 中国科学院上海生命科学研究院 | Germination method for Carpinus putoensis Cheng seed |
| CN103141312A (en) * | 2013-04-03 | 2013-06-12 | 南京林业大学 | Grafting and seedling raising method for European hornbeam |
| CN103733846A (en) * | 2013-12-27 | 2014-04-23 | 湖南省南岳树木园 | Breeding method of precious tree species |
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Patent Citations (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| NL1038446C2 (en) * | 2010-12-12 | 2012-06-18 | Treecure B V | METHOD AND DEVICE FOR TREATING TREES. |
| CN102845303A (en) * | 2011-06-29 | 2013-01-02 | 中国科学院上海生命科学研究院 | Method for enlarging population quantity of Carpinus putoensis Cheng |
| CN102845304A (en) * | 2011-06-29 | 2013-01-02 | 中国科学院上海生命科学研究院 | Germination method for Carpinus putoensis Cheng seed |
| CN102612894A (en) * | 2012-04-28 | 2012-08-01 | 南京林业大学 | Method for improving germination percentage of European hornbeam seeds |
| CN103141312A (en) * | 2013-04-03 | 2013-06-12 | 南京林业大学 | Grafting and seedling raising method for European hornbeam |
| CN103733846A (en) * | 2013-12-27 | 2014-04-23 | 湖南省南岳树木园 | Breeding method of precious tree species |
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