CN104823804A - Method for Chinese pine seedling cultivation and afforestation in dry and stony sunny slope - Google Patents
Method for Chinese pine seedling cultivation and afforestation in dry and stony sunny slope Download PDFInfo
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- CN104823804A CN104823804A CN201510271652.3A CN201510271652A CN104823804A CN 104823804 A CN104823804 A CN 104823804A CN 201510271652 A CN201510271652 A CN 201510271652A CN 104823804 A CN104823804 A CN 104823804A
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G23/00—Forestry
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A40/00—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production
- Y02A40/10—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production in agriculture
- Y02A40/22—Improving land use; Improving water use or availability; Controlling erosion
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P60/00—Technologies relating to agriculture, livestock or agroalimentary industries
- Y02P60/40—Afforestation or reforestation
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Abstract
The invention mainly relates to a method for Chinese pine seedling cultivation and afforestation in a dry stony sunny slope, and belongs to the technical field of forest seedling cultivation and afforestation. In the northern area of China, there is much dry and stony mountain land where the survival rate of afforestation is low and the forest establishment effect is poor. The cultivation and afforestation method comprises the steps that firstly, seedlings are cultivated in a bare-rooted manner in a field land; secondly, the seedlings are transplanted into containers to be cultivated, substrates in the containers are formed by clay and compounds of the clay or the clay and the compounds of agriculture and forestry organic wastes, and the clay in the substrates accounts for 70-80 percent in volume; thirdly, when the container seedlings are used for afforestation, a mode that the container seedlings are not detached from the containers is adopted for afforestation, the bottoms of the containers are removed, and wall cutting treatment is performed on the peripheries of the containers; fourthly, the container seedlings are transplanted into pits, after afforestation is performed, the seedlings can survival for a non-effective precipitation period of a half month to one month, and after the seedlings survival in summer under natural conditions, common intertillage cultivation is performed. According to the method, the survival rate and preserving rate of the Chinese pine seedlings are improved, the growing speed is obviously improved, and the forest establishment effect is better.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to forest seedling nursing afforestation technology field, be specifically related to a kind of arid stone matter tailo Chinese pine breeding and afforestation method.
Background technology
Chinese pine belongs to Pinaceae Pinus, throughout the year aiphyllium, is one of most important arbor reproducting tree species of northern China, and its material is better, can use material as building, furniture, ore pillar etc.Owing to having powerful root system, dense tree crown, Gu native water-holding capacity is strong, is therefore also important water conservation forest, soil and water conservation forest and landscape ornamental tree species.
Nursery and afforestation are two key links of production of forestry, the existing sowing in the field nursery of current Chinese pine nursery, also container nursery is had, along with the propelling of afforestation engineering, treat planting site land occupation condition worse and worse, afforestation difficulty is increasing, the exposed root and shoot forestation ubiquity survival rate of sowing in the field mode is low, repeat the phenomenon of afforesting every year, container seedling forestation has survival rate and storage rate is high, planting season is long, seedling-slowing stage is short, the advantages such as early stage, seedling growth was fast, the container seedling forestation survival rate of Chinese pine and storage rate are all high than exposed root and shoot forestation, therefore, in raising Afforestation Quality, conventional method adopts container seedling forestation, but, existing Study on Container Seedling Planting Techniques still can not solve a northern arid stony cut slope afforestation difficult problem, especially tailo spring afforestation becomes the problem of heterodyne, main manifestations is that nursery and afforestation link do not match, the drought-resistant ability of nursery stock, de-bag is difficult to after planting tide over the longer dry season, bagging easy nest root of planting does not send out seedling, cause afforestation survival rate and retention rate low, amount of growth is little, grow into forest slow.
Summary of the invention
The invention discloses a kind of arid stone matter tailo Chinese pine breeding and afforestation method, the method has made improvement on the basis of original breeding and afforestation flow process, the nursery of Chinese pine nursery stock and afforestation link are matched, the drought-resistant ability of nursery stock promotes to some extent, after nursery stock afforestation, annual amount of growth increases to some extent, substantially increase survival rate and the storage rate of nursery stock, effect of growing into forest is better.
Concrete technical scheme of the present invention is:
A kind of arid stone matter tailo Chinese pine breeding and afforestation method, key point is, described breeding and afforestation method comprises following step:
A, cultivation of container seedling: first, conventional high bed seedling growing process is adopted to cultivate bareroot seedling, then, bareroot seedling is transplanted in container cup, the matrix dosed in container is the mixture of clay and cow dung, or be the mixture of clay and organic agriculture and forestry organic waste material, wherein the percentage of volume shared by clay is 70% ~ 80%, the unit weight of clay is 1.2 ~ 1.4g/cm
3, shared by the clay that in clay, diameter is less than 0.02mm, the percentage of volume is 45% ~ 60%, and transplant grows nursery in container cup;
Prepare before b, afforestation: afforest and in container cup, fill with sufficient moisture in first 3 ~ 5 days, afforestation lifting on the same day is also transported to planting site;
C, afforestation: first, the place being not less than 30cm at plantation measures soil thickness is organized into fish scale pit, then, backfill in fish scale pit into slowly drained soil, before planting, cup process is carried out brokenly to container cup, the container cup after process is placed on the slowly drained soil of fish scale pit, finally, reclaimed soil;
D, Forest field management: after spring afforestation, nursery stock experience two weeks to month without the effective precipitation phase, after nursery stock survives naturally, adopt generally to intertill and foster.
In described step c, the operating procedure of broken cup process is, first, at the bottom of slicing off glass, then, vertically evenly scratches 3 ~ 4 lines in the surrounding middle and lower part of cup, line long for cup high 1/3 ~ 1/2.
In described step c, the minimum gauge in fish scale pit is the degree of depth is 30cm, and width is 40cm, and length is 50cm.
In described step c, the thickness backfilling the slowly drained soil in fish scale pit is 5 ~ 10cm.
In described a step, container cup adopts polythene material.
The diameter of the container cup adopted in described a step is 16cm, is highly 18cm.
In described a step, the time adopting conventional high bed seedling growing process to cultivate bareroot seedling is 2 years, and transplant seedling raise period in container cup is 1 ~ 2 year.
In described a step, the nursery stock seedling age before afforestation is 3 ~ 4 years, and seedling age is the seedling height of 3 years is 25 ~ 30cm, and seedling age is that the seedling height of 4 years is not less than 40cm.
In described a step, in the matrix of clay and cow dung composition, the ratio of both volumes is 8:2, and in the matrix of clay and organic agriculture and forestry organic waste material composition, the ratio of both volumes is 7:3.
Organic agriculture and forestry organic waste material in described a step is stalk, corncob cellulose, edible fungi residues, cotton seed hulls or sawdust.
The invention has the beneficial effects as follows: the container cup using not breakable polythene material in nursery link, for follow-up container cup process provides good operation basis, mixed proportion between the selection of the composition of container cup mesostroma and each part is selected, the loose rate that sticks together during Nursery stock transplanting is reduced greatly, ensure that the matrix parcel of seedling root, all guaranteeing role is served for the nutrition needed for the growth after Nursery stock transplanting and moisture, this method have employed not de-cup process when Nursery stock transplanting, and remove at the bottom of cup, also carry out drawing wall operation in the surrounding of container cup, the permanent maintenance of transplanting rear nutrition and moisture can be ensured, also the root system of nursery stock is made can to carry out nutrition and moisture absorption from transplanting, avoid the situation that nest root does not send out seedling, accelerate the growth after Nursery stock transplanting, thus improve survival rate and the storage rate of nursery stock, effect of growing into forest is better, save the cost of repeatedly planting nursery stock every year.
Embodiment
A kind of arid stone matter tailo Chinese pine breeding and afforestation method, it comprises following step:
A, cultivation of container seedling: first, adopt conventional high bed seedling growing process to cultivate bareroot seedling in cultivation place, land for growing field crops, the time of cultivating bareroot seedling is 2 years, then, at the beginning of by the end of March to 4 month, the Chinese pine bareroot seedling of life in 2 years is transplanted in container cup, first to seedling root relief before transplanting, cut off long, damage root, its suitable length container cup is cultivated, dip in root-inducing powder mud, then plant in container cup, container cup adopts not breakable polythene material, the diameter of container cup is 16cm, be highly 18cm, the matrix dosed in container is the mixture of the cow dung composition of clay and fermentation maturity, or be the mixture of clay and organic agriculture and forestry organic waste material composition, organic agriculture and forestry organic waste material is stalk, corncob cellulose, edible fungi residues, cotton seed hulls or sawdust, be preferably edible fungi residues, each part of matrix makes according to the principle of gathering materials on the spot, in its mesostroma, shared by clay, the percentage of volume is 70% ~ 80%, the unit weight of clay is 1.2 ~ 1.4g/cm
3, shared by the clay that in clay, diameter is less than 0.02mm, the percentage of volume is 45% ~ 60%, in the matrix of clay and cow dung composition, the ratio of both volumes is 8:2, in the matrix of clay and organic agriculture and forestry organic waste material composition, the ratio of both volumes is 7:3, transplant grows nursery in container cup, water permeable after transplanting in time, interval is watered once for 3 ~ 5 days again, later minimizing irrigation times but must irrigate, seedling raise period is 1 ~ 2 year, nursery stock seedling age before afforestation is 3 ~ 4 years, seedling age is the seedling height of 3 years is 25 ~ 30cm, seedling age is that the seedling height of 4 years is not less than 40cm, weed out the rank grass in time in vegetative period, carry out the extermination of disease and insect pest,
Prepare before b, afforestation: mid-March, to being mountain region, the North China spring afforestation time by the end of April, afforesting during this period of time, afforesting and in container cup, fill with sufficient moisture in first 3 ~ 5 days, afforestation lifting on the same day is also transported to planting site;
C, afforestation: first, the place being not less than 30cm at plantation measures soil thickness is organized into fish scale pit, the minimum gauge in fish scale pit is the degree of depth is 30cm, width is 40cm, length is 50cm, if growth has undershrub, then need first undershrub to be cut off, then, be the slowly drained soil of 5 ~ 10cm by backfilling into thickness in fish scale pit, extracting container seedling, slice off at the bottom of container cup with pocket knife, 3 ~ 4 lines are vertically evenly scratched in the surrounding middle and lower part of cup, line long for cup high 1/3 ~ 1/2, then container seedling is placed in the central authorities in fish scale pit, the stick together root system of bottom of root contacts slowly drained soil completely, before planting, cup process is carried out brokenly to container cup, container cup after process is placed on the slowly drained soil of fish scale pit, finally, reclaimed soil is to the original soil trace of nursery stock, steady and sure, banket again, waterwall is carried out in the outer in fish scale pit,
D, Forest field management: after spring afforestation, experience two weeks to month without the effective precipitation phase, during this period, without the need to managing nursery stock, after this terminated without the effective precipitation phase, after naturally surviving to nursery stock in summer, adopting generally to intertill and fostering.
Table 1
Can draw according to table 1, the percentage of volume shared by clay disclosed in the present invention is 70% ~ 80%, the loose rate of sticking together when transplanting of container seedling is now only 2% ~ 3%, relative to the selection being less than 60% clay ratio and 100% clay ratio, the loose rate of sticking together greatly reduces, container seedling is greatly reduced when transplanting, and the loose root that causes of sticking together is exposed even damages, ensure that the integrality of root and matrix, can the nutrition of absorption base and moisture in a period of time after root is transplanted, thus greatly can improve nursery stock survival rate after the transfer.
Table 2
| Container cup process | De-cup | Not de-cup | Not de-cup+stroke wall+go to the end |
| Survival rate (%) | 63％～77％ | 82％～95％ | 81％～95％ |
| 1st year increment (cm) | 5～9 | 6～10 | 6～11 |
| 2nd year increment (cm) | >13 | 5～12 | >15 |
| 3rd year increment (cm) | >18 | 5～10 | >22 |
Can draw according to table 2, when container seedling is transplanted, the survival rate that de-cup is not transplanted improves about 20% compared to the survival rate that de-cup is transplanted, and not de-cup Transplanted Container-raised Stocks time, if the operation of the end and stroke wall can be carried out, so container seedling amount of growth after the transfer has and significantly promotes, associative list 1, in matrix, the proportioning of clay is selected when volume percentage is 70% ~ 80%, the loose rate that sticks together reduces greatly, thus go the operation of the end and stroke wall to carry out smoothly when follow-up container seedling is transplanted, the loose graft failure caused that sticks together when avoiding the end and draw wall.
In this method, nursery starts from March to April, after bareroot seedling nursery and container cup nursery, spring after 3 ~ 4 years carries out afforestation operation, matrix composition in container cup ensure that nutrition needed for nursery stock and the less loose rate that sticks together of matrix, and container cup adopts not breakable polythene material, adopt not de-cup to transplant when Nursery stock transplanting, at the bottom of removing glass, carry out drawing wall process in wall of cup surrounding, then container seedling is put into and transplant hole, the root of container seedling can obtain nutrition in cup and moisture, also the nutrition and moisture of transplanting ground can be absorbed, the nest root simultaneously avoiding nursery stock does not send out seedling, growth rate after Nursery stock transplanting is obviously accelerated, the survival rate of nursery stock improves greatly, the effect of growing into forest is better.
Claims (10)
1. an arid stone matter tailo Chinese pine breeding and afforestation method, it is characterized in that, described breeding and afforestation method comprises following step:
A, cultivation of container seedling: first, conventional high bed seedling growing process is adopted to cultivate bareroot seedling, then, bareroot seedling is transplanted in container cup, the matrix dosed in container is the mixture of clay and cow dung, or be the mixture of clay and organic agriculture and forestry organic waste material, wherein the percentage of volume shared by clay is 70% ~ 80%, the unit weight of clay is 1.2 ~ 1.4g/cm
3, shared by the clay that in clay, diameter is less than 0.02mm, the percentage of volume is 45% ~ 60%, and transplant grows nursery in container cup;
Prepare before b, afforestation: afforest and in container cup, fill with sufficient moisture in first 3 ~ 5 days, afforestation lifting on the same day is also transported to planting site;
C, afforestation: first, the place being not less than 30cm at plantation measures soil thickness is organized into fish scale pit, then, backfill in fish scale pit into slowly drained soil, before planting, cup process is carried out brokenly to container cup, the container cup after process is placed on the slowly drained soil of fish scale pit, finally, reclaimed soil;
D, Forest field management: after spring afforestation, nursery stock experience two weeks to month without the effective precipitation phase, after nursery stock survives naturally, adopt generally to intertill and foster.
2. one according to claim 1 arid stone matter tailo Chinese pine breeding and afforestation method, it is characterized in that: in described step c, the operating procedure of broken cup process is, first, at the bottom of slicing off glass, then, vertically evenly scratch 3 ~ 4 lines in the surrounding middle and lower part of cup, line long for cup high 1/3 ~ 1/2.
3. one according to claim 1 arid stone matter tailo Chinese pine breeding and afforestation method, is characterized in that: in described step c, and the minimum gauge in fish scale pit is the degree of depth is 30cm, and width is 40cm, and length is 50cm.
4. one according to claim 1 arid stone matter tailo Chinese pine breeding and afforestation method, is characterized in that: in described step c, and the thickness backfilling the slowly drained soil in fish scale pit is 5 ~ 10cm.
5. one according to claim 1 arid stone matter tailo Chinese pine breeding and afforestation method, is characterized in that: in described a step, and container cup adopts polythene material.
6. one according to claim 1 arid stone matter tailo Chinese pine breeding and afforestation method, is characterized in that: the diameter of the container cup adopted in described a step is 16cm, is highly 18cm.
7. one according to claim 1 arid stone matter tailo Chinese pine breeding and afforestation method, is characterized in that: in described a step, and the time adopting conventional high bed seedling growing process to cultivate bareroot seedling is 2 years, and transplant seedling raise period in container cup is 1 ~ 2 year.
8. one according to claim 7 arid stone matter tailo Chinese pine breeding and afforestation method, it is characterized in that: in described a step, nursery stock seedling age before afforestation is 3 ~ 4 years, and seedling age is the seedling height of 3 years is 25 ~ 30cm, and seedling age is that the seedling height of 4 years is not less than 40cm.
9. one according to claim 1 arid stone matter tailo Chinese pine breeding and afforestation method, it is characterized in that: in described a step, in the matrix of clay and cow dung composition, the ratio of both volumes is 8:2, and in the matrix of clay and organic agriculture and forestry organic waste material composition, the ratio of both volumes is 7:3.
10. one according to claim 1 arid stone matter tailo Chinese pine breeding and afforestation method, is characterized in that: the organic agriculture and forestry organic waste material in described a step is stalk, corncob cellulose, edible fungi residues, cotton seed hulls or sawdust.
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Cited By (8)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN105830837A (en) * | 2016-03-25 | 2016-08-10 | 苏梓骁 | Four-season non-irrigation afforestation method in semiarid hilly region |
| CN106068741A (en) * | 2016-06-20 | 2016-11-09 | 中国科学院遗传与发育生物学研究所 | A kind of stony cut slope soil moved in improve the original expands the method storing afforestation |
| CN106134902A (en) * | 2016-07-11 | 2016-11-23 | 塔里木大学 | A kind of sand ground degeneration-resistant implantation methods of economic forest seedling |
| CN109496773A (en) * | 2018-12-26 | 2019-03-22 | 云南省林业科学院漾濞核桃研究院 | Apocarya Light media small container grafting Raining season wooding method |
| CN110199721A (en) * | 2019-07-11 | 2019-09-06 | 河北省林业科学研究院 | A kind of Light media depth cultivation method for cultivating seedlings |
| CN113906947A (en) * | 2021-09-30 | 2022-01-11 | 赤峰市林业科学研究所 | Method for improving afforestation survival rate in semiarid region |
| CN114521442A (en) * | 2022-02-25 | 2022-05-24 | 唐山山杉园林绿化工程有限责任公司 | Drought sand container afforestation method |
| CN115005007A (en) * | 2022-07-12 | 2022-09-06 | 河北省塞罕坝机械林场(河北塞罕坝国家级自然保护区管理中心) | Seedling raising and forestation method for alpine and semiarid wind-eroded desertified land |
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Cited By (12)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN105830837A (en) * | 2016-03-25 | 2016-08-10 | 苏梓骁 | Four-season non-irrigation afforestation method in semiarid hilly region |
| CN105830837B (en) * | 2016-03-25 | 2019-03-12 | 苏梓骁 | A kind of semiarid Mountain Area four seasons exempt to pour method of forestation |
| CN106068741A (en) * | 2016-06-20 | 2016-11-09 | 中国科学院遗传与发育生物学研究所 | A kind of stony cut slope soil moved in improve the original expands the method storing afforestation |
| CN106068741B (en) * | 2016-06-20 | 2018-01-16 | 中国科学院遗传与发育生物学研究所 | A kind of stony cut slope soil moved in improve the original expands the method for storing afforestation |
| CN106134902A (en) * | 2016-07-11 | 2016-11-23 | 塔里木大学 | A kind of sand ground degeneration-resistant implantation methods of economic forest seedling |
| CN109496773A (en) * | 2018-12-26 | 2019-03-22 | 云南省林业科学院漾濞核桃研究院 | Apocarya Light media small container grafting Raining season wooding method |
| CN110199721A (en) * | 2019-07-11 | 2019-09-06 | 河北省林业科学研究院 | A kind of Light media depth cultivation method for cultivating seedlings |
| CN110199721B (en) * | 2019-07-11 | 2024-06-04 | 河北省林业和草原科学研究院 | Light-matrix deep-planting seedling cultivation method |
| CN113906947A (en) * | 2021-09-30 | 2022-01-11 | 赤峰市林业科学研究所 | Method for improving afforestation survival rate in semiarid region |
| CN114521442A (en) * | 2022-02-25 | 2022-05-24 | 唐山山杉园林绿化工程有限责任公司 | Drought sand container afforestation method |
| CN115005007A (en) * | 2022-07-12 | 2022-09-06 | 河北省塞罕坝机械林场(河北塞罕坝国家级自然保护区管理中心) | Seedling raising and forestation method for alpine and semiarid wind-eroded desertified land |
| CN115005007B (en) * | 2022-07-12 | 2024-01-26 | 河北省塞罕坝机械林场(河北塞罕坝国家级自然保护区管理中心) | Seedling cultivation and forestation method for high-cold semiarid wind erosion desertification land |
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