CN104823804B - Method for Chinese pine seedling cultivation and afforestation in dry and stony sunny slope - Google Patents
Method for Chinese pine seedling cultivation and afforestation in dry and stony sunny slope Download PDFInfo
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- CN104823804B CN104823804B CN201510271652.3A CN201510271652A CN104823804B CN 104823804 B CN104823804 B CN 104823804B CN 201510271652 A CN201510271652 A CN 201510271652A CN 104823804 B CN104823804 B CN 104823804B
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G23/00—Forestry
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A40/00—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production
- Y02A40/10—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production in agriculture
- Y02A40/22—Improving land use; Improving water use or availability; Controlling erosion
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P60/00—Technologies relating to agriculture, livestock or agroalimentary industries
- Y02P60/40—Afforestation or reforestation
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- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Biodiversity & Conservation Biology (AREA)
- Ecology (AREA)
- Forests & Forestry (AREA)
- Environmental Sciences (AREA)
- Cultivation Receptacles Or Flower-Pots, Or Pots For Seedlings (AREA)
- Cultivation Of Plants (AREA)
Abstract
The invention mainly relates to a method for Chinese pine seedling cultivation and afforestation in a dry stony sunny slope, and belongs to the technical field of forest seedling cultivation and afforestation. In the northern area of China, there is much dry and stony mountain land where the survival rate of afforestation is low and the forest establishment effect is poor. The cultivation and afforestation method comprises the steps that firstly, seedlings are cultivated in a bare-rooted manner in a field land; secondly, the seedlings are transplanted into containers to be cultivated, substrates in the containers are formed by clay and compounds of the clay or the clay and the compounds of agriculture and forestry organic wastes, and the clay in the substrates accounts for 70-80 percent in volume; thirdly, when the container seedlings are used for afforestation, a mode that the container seedlings are not detached from the containers is adopted for afforestation, the bottoms of the containers are removed, and wall cutting treatment is performed on the peripheries of the containers; fourthly, the container seedlings are transplanted into pits, after afforestation is performed, the seedlings can survival for a non-effective precipitation period of a half month to one month, and after the seedlings survival in summer under natural conditions, common intertillage cultivation is performed. According to the method, the survival rate and preserving rate of the Chinese pine seedlings are improved, the growing speed is obviously improved, and the forest establishment effect is better.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to forest seedling nursing afforestation technology field, and in particular to a kind of arid stone matter tailo Pinus tabuliformiss breeding and afforestation side
Method.
Background technology
Pinus tabuliformiss belong to Pinaceae Pinus, throughout the year aiphyllium, are one of most important arbor reproducting tree species of northern China, it
Material preferably, material can be used as building, furniture, ore pillar etc..Due to powerful root system, dense tree crown, Gu soil stores
Outlet capacity is strong, therefore is also important forests for water supply conservation, forests for water and soil conservation and landscape ornamental tree species.
Nursery and afforestation are two key links of production of forestry, and the existing sowing in the field nursery of current Pinus tabuliformiss nursery also has
Container nursery, with the propulsion of afforestation engineering, treats reproducing area land occupation condition worse and worse, and afforestation difficulty is increasing, greatly
The exposed root and shoot forestation generally existing survival rate of field direct-seeding is low, the annual phenomenon for repeating afforestation, and container seedling forestation has and survives
Rate and storage rate height, afforestation season length, the advantages of seedling-slowing stage is short, early stage seedling growth is fast, the container seedling forestation survival rate of Pinus tabuliformiss
It is high than exposed root and shoot forestation with storage rate, therefore, the method commonly used in terms of Afforestation Quality is improved is to adopt container seedling forestation,
But, existing Study on Container Seedling Planting Techniques can not still solve a northern arid stony cut slope afforestation difficult problem, especially tailo spring and make
The problem of woods effect difference, main performance is that nursery and afforestation link are not matched, and the drought-resistant ability of nursery stock takes off difficult after bag plant
To tide over the longer dry spell, transplant easy nest root of bagging does not send out Seedling, causes that afforestation survival rate and retention rate is low, increment is little, grows into forest
Slowly.
The content of the invention
The invention discloses a kind of arid stone matter tailo Pinus tabuliformiss breeding and afforestation method, the method is in original breeding and afforestation flow process
On the basis of be made that improvement, make the nursery of Pinus tabuliformiss nursery stock and afforestation link match, the drought-resistant ability of nursery stock has been lifted, Seedling
Annual increment increased after wood afforestation, substantially increase the survival rate and storage rate of nursery stock, and effect of growing into forest is preferable.
The present invention concrete technical scheme be：
A kind of arid stone matter tailo Pinus tabuliformiss breeding and afforestation method, key point is that described breeding and afforestation method includes following
Several steps：
A, cultivation of container seedling：First, bare-root seeding is cultivated using conventional high bed seedling-raising technique, then, bare-root seeding is transplanted to
In container cup, the substrate dosed in container is the mixture of clay and cattle manure, or for the mixed of clay and organic agriculture and forestry organic waste material
The percentage ratio of volume shared by compound, wherein clay is 70%~80%, and the unit weight of clay is 1.2~1.4g/cm3, it is straight in clay
The percentage ratio of volume is 45%~60% shared by cosmid of the footpath less than 0.02mm, and nursery transplant grows nursery in container cup；
Prepare before b, afforestation：Afforestation is filled with enough moisture for first 3~5 days in container cup, and afforestation same day lifting is simultaneously transported to afforestation
Ground；
C, afforestation：First, fish-scale pit is organized into where plantation measures soil thickness is not less than 30cm, then,
Backfill in fish-scale pit into slowly drained soil, cup process is carried out brokenly to container cup before plant, the container cup after process is placed on into fish
On the slowly drained soil of squama hole, finally, soil is backfilled；
D, Forest field management：After spring afforestation, nursery stock experience two weeks to one month without effective precipitation phase, nursery stock nature
After surviving, fostered using general intertillage.
The operating procedure that cup process is broken in described step c is first, to slice off a glass bottom, then, in the surrounding middle and lower part of cup
It is vertical uniformly to scratch 3~4 lines, a length of cup of ruling it is high 1/3~1/2.
In described step c, the minimum gauge in fish-scale pit is 30cm for depth, and width is 40cm, and length is 50cm.
In described step c, the thickness for backfilling the slowly drained soil in fish-scale pit is 5~10cm.
In described a steps, container cup adopts polythene material.
A diameter of 16cm of the container cup adopted in described a steps, is highly 18cm.
In described a steps, conventional high bed seedling-raising technique is adopted to cultivate the time of bare-root seeding for 2 years, nursery transplant is in container
Seedling raise period is 1~2 year in cup.
In described a steps, the nursery stock seedling age before afforestation is 3~4 years, and it is 25~30cm that seedling age is the seedling height of 3 years,
Seedling age is that the seedling height of 4 years is not less than 40cm.
In described a steps, the ratio of both volumes is 8 in the substrate of clay and cattle manure composition:2, clay and organic agriculture
The ratio of both volumes is 7 in the substrate of woods garbage composition:3.
Organic agriculture and forestry organic waste material in described a steps is straw, corncob cellulose, edible fungi residues, cotton seed hullss or sawdust.
The invention has the beneficial effects as follows：The container cup of not breakable polythene material is used in grow seedling link, is follow-up
Container cup process there is provided good operation basis, it is mixed between the selection of the composition of container cup mesostroma and each ingredient
Composition and division in a proportion example is selected, and the scattered rate of sticking together when making Nursery stock transplanting is substantially reduced, it is ensured that the substrate parcel of seedling root, for Nursery stock transplanting
The nutrition needed for growth and moisture afterwards serves guaranteeing role, and this method employs not de-cup in Nursery stock transplanting and processes,
And cup bottom is removed, also the surrounding in container cup carries out drawing wall operation, both can guarantee that the long Kubo of nutrition and moisture after transplanting
Hold, also enable the root system of nursery stock to carry out nutrition and moisture absorption from transplanting, it is to avoid nest root does not send out the situation of Seedling, accelerates
Growth after Nursery stock transplanting, so as to improve the survival rate and storage rate of nursery stock, effect of growing into forest preferably, save it is annual repeatedly
The cost of plantation nursery stock.
Specific embodiment
A kind of arid stone matter tailo Pinus tabuliformiss breeding and afforestation method, it includes following step：
A, cultivation of container seedling：First, cultivate place in land for growing field crops and bare-root seeding is cultivated using conventional high bed seedling-raising technique, cultivate naked
The time of root is 2 years, then, first before transplanting by the end of March to 2 years raw Pinus tabuliformiss bare-root seedings being transplanted in container cup at the beginning of 4 months
First to seedling root relief, cut off long, damage root so as to which suitable length container cup is cultivated, and dips in root-inducing powder mud, is then planted into appearance
In device cup, container cup adopts not breakable polythene material, and a diameter of 16cm of container cup is highly 18cm, is filled out in container
Plus substrate be clay and fermentation maturity cattle manure composition mixture, or for clay and organic agriculture and forestry organic waste material constitute it is mixed
Compound, organic agriculture and forestry organic waste material is straw, corncob cellulose, edible fungi residues, cotton seed hullss or sawdust, preferably edible fungi residues, base
Each ingredient of matter is made according to the principle gathered materials on the spot, and the percentage ratio of volume shared by clay is 70% in its mesostroma
~80%, the unit weight of clay is 1.2~1.4g/cm3, the percentage ratio of volume is shared by cosmid of the diameter less than 0.02mm in clay
45%~60%, the ratio of both volumes is 8 in the substrate that clay and cattle manure constitute:2, clay and organic agriculture and forestry organic waste material are constituted
Substrate in both volume ratio be 7:3, nursery transplant grows nursery in container cup, pours permeable after transplanting in time, and interval 3~
Pour again once within 5 days, irrigation times are reduced later but must be irrigated, seedling raise period is 1~2 year, the nursery stock seedling age before afforestation is 3
~4 years, it was 25~30cm that seedling age is the seedling height of 3 years, seedling age be the seedling height of 4 years not less than 40cm, in trophophase and
When weed out the rank grass, carry out the prevention and control of plant diseases, pest control；
Prepare before b, afforestation：Mid-March, to being by the end of April the North China mountain region spring afforestation time, is carried out in this period
Afforestation, afforestation is filled with enough moisture for first 3~5 days in container cup, and afforestation same day lifting is simultaneously transported to reproducing area；
C, afforestation：First, fish-scale pit is organized into where plantation measures soil thickness is not less than 30cm, fish-scale pit
Minimum gauge is 30cm for depth, and width is 40cm, and length is 50cm, if growth has undershrub, is needed undershrub first
Cut off, then, will backfill in fish-scale pit into the slowly drained soil that thickness is 5~10cm, extracting container Seedling, with pocket knife container cup is sliced off
Bottom, in the surrounding middle and lower part of cup 3~4 lines are vertically uniformly scratched, a length of cup of ruling it is high 1/3~1/2, then container seedling is put
It is placed on the central authorities in fish-scale pit, the stick together root system of bottom of root completely attaches to slowly drained soil, carries out broken cup to container cup before plant and processes,
Container cup after process is placed on the slowly drained soil of fish-scale pit, finally, the original soil trace of soil to nursery stock is backfilled, it is steady and sure, then fill out
Carry out waterwall in soil, the outer in fish-scale pit；
D, Forest field management：After spring afforestation, experience two weeks to one month without effective precipitation phase, during this period, nothing
Nursery stock need to be managed, after this terminates without the effective precipitation phase, after surviving naturally to summer nursery stock, is fostered using general intertillage.
Table 1
Can be drawn according to table 1, the percentage ratio of volume shared by the clay disclosed in the present invention is 70%~80%, now
It is only 2%~3% that container seedling dissipates the rate of sticking together in transplanting, relative to the selection less than 60% clay ratio and 100% clay ratio,
Dissipate the rate of sticking together to greatly reduce so that container seedling greatly reduces that to dissipate the root that causes of sticking together exposed or even damage in transplanting, it is ensured that
The integrity of root and substrate, makes nutrition and the moisture for being capable of absorption base after root transplanting in a period of time such that it is able to
Greatly improve nursery stock survival rate after the transfer.
Table 2
| Container cup process | De-cup | Not de-cup | Not de-cup+draw wall+go to bottom |
| Survival rate (%) | 63%~77% | 82%~95% | 81%~95% |
| 1st year increment (cm) | 5~9 | 6~10 | 6~11 |
| 2nd year increment (cm) | >13 | 5~12 | >15 |
| 3rd year increment (cm) | >18 | 5~10 | >22 |
Can be drawn according to table 2, when container seedling is transplanted, the survival rate of de-cup transplanting is not compared to surviving that de-cup is transplanted
Rate improves about 20%, and not de-cup Transplanted Container-raised Stocks when, if it is possible to carry out bottom and draw the operation of wall, then container seedling
Increment after the transfer has and is significantly lifted, with reference to table 1 from the point of view of, in substrate clay proportioning select in percentage shared by volume
Than for 70%~80% when, dissipate the rate of sticking together and substantially reduce, so that follow-up container seedling goes to bottom and draws the operation energy of wall when transplanting
Enough it is smoothed out, it is to avoid the scattered graft failure for causing that sticks together when going to bottom and drawing wall.
Nursery in this method starts from March to April, after bare-root seeding nursery and container cup nursery, after 3~4 years
Spring carry out afforestation operation, substrate in container cup composition ensure that the nutrition needed for nursery stock and substrate is less dissipates the rate that sticks together,
And container cup adopts not breakable polythene material, transplanted using not de-cup in Nursery stock transplanting, remove a glass bottom, in wall of cup four
Zhou Jinhang draws wall and processes, and then container seedling is put in transplanting hole, and the root of container seedling can obtain the nutrition in cup and moisture,
Also nutrition and the moisture on transplanting ground can be absorbed, while the nest root for avoiding nursery stock does not send out Seedling, the speed of growth after Nursery stock transplanting
Substantially accelerate, the survival rate of nursery stock is greatly improved, and the effect grown into forest is preferable.
Claims (9)
1. a kind of arid stone matter tailo Pinus tabuliformiss breeding and afforestation method, it is characterised in that described breeding and afforestation method includes following
Several steps：
A, cultivation of container seedling：First, bare-root seeding is cultivated using conventional high bed seedling-raising technique, then, bare-root seeding is transplanted to into container
In cup, the substrate dosed in container is the mixture of clay and cattle manure, or for clay and the mixture of organic agriculture and forestry organic waste material,
Wherein the percentage ratio of volume shared by clay is 70%~80%, and the unit weight of clay is 1.2~1.4g/cm3, diameter is less than in clay
The percentage ratio of volume shared by the cosmid of 0.02mm is 45%~60%, and nursery transplant grows nursery in container cup；
Prepare before b, afforestation：Afforestation is filled with enough moisture for first 3~5 days in container cup, and afforestation same day lifting is simultaneously transported to reproducing area；
C, afforestation：First, fish-scale pit is organized into where plantation measures soil thickness is not less than 30cm, then, in fish scale
Backfill into slowly drained soil in hole, cup process is carried out brokenly to container cup before plant, the container cup after process is placed on into fish-scale pit
On slowly drained soil, finally, soil is backfilled；
D, Forest field management：After spring afforestation, nursery stock experience two weeks to one month without the effective precipitation phase, nursery stock survives naturally
Afterwards, fostered using general intertillage；
The operating procedure that cup process is broken in described step c is first, to slice off a glass bottom, then, vertical in the surrounding middle and lower part of cup
Uniformly scratch 3~4 lines, a length of cup of ruling it is high 1/3~1/2.
2. a kind of arid stone matter tailo Pinus tabuliformiss breeding and afforestation method according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：Described c
In step, the minimum gauge in fish-scale pit is 30cm for depth, and width is 40cm, and length is 50cm.
3. a kind of arid stone matter tailo Pinus tabuliformiss breeding and afforestation method according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：Described c
In step, the thickness for backfilling the slowly drained soil in fish-scale pit is 5~10cm.
4. a kind of arid stone matter tailo Pinus tabuliformiss breeding and afforestation method according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：Described a
In step, container cup adopts polythene material.
5. a kind of arid stone matter tailo Pinus tabuliformiss breeding and afforestation method according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：Described a
A diameter of 16cm of the container cup adopted in step, is highly 18cm.
6. a kind of arid stone matter tailo Pinus tabuliformiss breeding and afforestation method according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：Described a
In step, conventional high bed seedling-raising technique is adopted to cultivate the time of bare-root seeding for 2 years, nursery transplant seedling raise period in container cup is 1
~2 years.
7. a kind of arid stone matter tailo Pinus tabuliformiss breeding and afforestation method according to claim 6, it is characterised in that：Described a
In step, the nursery stock seedling age before afforestation is 3~4 years, and it is 25~30cm that seedling age is the seedling height of 3 years, and seedling age is the nursery stock of 4 years
Highly it is not less than 40cm.
8. a kind of arid stone matter tailo Pinus tabuliformiss breeding and afforestation method according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：Described a
In step, the ratio of both volumes is 8 in the substrate of clay and cattle manure composition:2, the base that clay and organic agriculture and forestry organic waste material are constituted
The ratio of both volumes is 7 in matter:3.
9. a kind of arid stone matter tailo Pinus tabuliformiss breeding and afforestation method according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：Described a
Organic agriculture and forestry organic waste material in step is straw, corncob cellulose, edible fungi residues, cotton seed hullss or sawdust.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201510271652.3A CN104823804B (en) | 2015-05-26 | 2015-05-26 | Method for Chinese pine seedling cultivation and afforestation in dry and stony sunny slope |
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|---|---|---|---|
| CN201510271652.3A CN104823804B (en) | 2015-05-26 | 2015-05-26 | Method for Chinese pine seedling cultivation and afforestation in dry and stony sunny slope |
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| CN104823804B true CN104823804B (en) | 2017-05-17 |
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Families Citing this family (8)
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| CN105830837B (en) * | 2016-03-25 | 2019-03-12 | 苏梓骁 | A kind of semiarid Mountain Area four seasons exempt to pour method of forestation |
| CN106068741B (en) * | 2016-06-20 | 2018-01-16 | 中国科学院遗传与发育生物学研究所 | A kind of stony cut slope soil moved in improve the original expands the method for storing afforestation |
| CN106134902A (en) * | 2016-07-11 | 2016-11-23 | 塔里木大学 | A kind of sand ground degeneration-resistant implantation methods of economic forest seedling |
| CN109496773A (en) * | 2018-12-26 | 2019-03-22 | 云南省林业科学院漾濞核桃研究院 | Apocarya Light media small container grafting Raining season wooding method |
| CN110199721B (en) * | 2019-07-11 | 2024-06-04 | 河北省林业和草原科学研究院 | Light-matrix deep-planting seedling cultivation method |
| CN113906947A (en) * | 2021-09-30 | 2022-01-11 | 赤峰市林业科学研究所 | Method for improving afforestation survival rate in semiarid region |
| CN114521442A (en) * | 2022-02-25 | 2022-05-24 | 唐山山杉园林绿化工程有限责任公司 | Drought sand container afforestation method |
| CN115005007B (en) * | 2022-07-12 | 2024-01-26 | 河北省塞罕坝机械林场(河北塞罕坝国家级自然保护区管理中心) | Seedling cultivation and forestation method for high-cold semiarid wind erosion desertification land |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN1004326B (en) * | 1985-12-24 | 1989-05-31 | 松迪扎布 | Method for improving living rate of forestation on a sand dome and the drought sunshiny slope of a barren mountain |
| CN1954664A (en) * | 2005-10-25 | 2007-05-02 | 杨玉林 | Method for planting pinus sylvestris var on rock |
| JP2008173105A (en) * | 2007-01-18 | 2008-07-31 | Yoshitaro Tani | Bonsai germinated from pinecone |
| CN103583304A (en) * | 2013-10-17 | 2014-02-19 | 固镇县淮鸿灰天鹅养殖专业合作社 | Forestation method for fighting drought |
| CN104429801A (en) * | 2014-12-04 | 2015-03-25 | 曹席轶 | Method for afforestation on difficult lands in Han River seacoast |
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