CN104804746A - Modifier for degrading salinity alkalinity of potato saline-alkali soil - Google Patents
Modifier for degrading salinity alkalinity of potato saline-alkali soil Download PDFInfo
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- CN104804746A CN104804746A CN201510146928.5A CN201510146928A CN104804746A CN 104804746 A CN104804746 A CN 104804746A CN 201510146928 A CN201510146928 A CN 201510146928A CN 104804746 A CN104804746 A CN 104804746A
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Abstract
The invention discloses a modifier for degrading the salinity alkalinity of potato saline-alkali soil. The modifier comprises a microelement compound, phosphogypsum, attapulgite, a decomposed coal-sodium polyacrylate compound and carbon slag, and is characterized by being prepared by uniformly mixing the following materials in parts by weight: 1-2 parts of the microelement compound, 1-3 parts of phosphogypsum, 4-5 parts of attapulgite, 1-3 parts of the decomposed coal-sodium polyacrylate compound, and 1-2 parts of carbon slag. Through the modification, grafting and polymerization of such materials as attapulgite and sodium acrylate, the efficacies of conserving water and fertilizer, degrading salinity, compressing alkalinity and loosing soil are provided, so that the potato planting saline-alkali soil can be modified, and modifying fertilizer for saline-alkali soil can be prepared by adding the modifier into fertilizer. Compared with the conventional method, a method for preparing the modifier provided by the invention has the advantages of being low in cost, rich in raw material, efficient and the like.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the material that a kind of soil rational structure regulates, particularly relate to a kind of modifying agent for potato saltings pH value.
Background technology
Salting of soil Crack cause is mainly: one is that rainfall is few, evaporation is strong, make deep soil saline and alkaline on to move table poly-, cause primary salinization; Two is that improper irrigation causes ground water table to raise, aggravate saline and alkaline on move, cause Secondary Saline.Salting of soil is the major obstacle factor that restriction China's agricultural development and integration capability improve always.Potato is as Ningxia, China Main Economic and food crop, the injury of nitre state alkali in alkaline land soil, soda salt pair potato root system is very serious, cause root system development bad and early ageing, yield poorly, poor quality, the additional phenomenon in saltings causes sealing of soil, potato fruit head in soil is less, output step-down.
At present, patent publication No. is CN102199061A, publication date is the patent application of 2011.9.28, disclose a kind of microorganism alkaline land modifying agent, citric acid, wood acid, xanthohumic acid, FUMARIC ACID TECH GRADE, humic acids, tetra-sodium, oxysuccinic acid etc., better, easy to use to the action effect of soil, cost is lower, but just reduces the pH value of soil with various acid, the effect of its salt reduction pressure alkali and being further improved to the improvement thoroughness of soil rational structure.
Close to the most existing alkaline land modifying agent of the present invention such as notification number be: 103937507A application discloses " a kind of alkaline land modifying agent, preparation method and using method thereof ", this product and production thereof, using method are have good effect at adjustment alkaline land soil saline alkali, but, this kind of product is confined to improve crop growth environment, but effectively cannot improve the ventilation property of root system plant in soil.
Summary of the invention
The object of the invention is to overcome the deficiencies in the prior art, provide a kind of modifying agent and manufacture method and methods for using them thereof of potato saltings saline and alkaline of degrading, the effect such as realize water conservation, fertilizer conservation, salt reduction, pressure alkali, loosen the soil.Its main method is: be aggregated in by sodium acrylate graft on weathered coal, then with attapulgite with phosphogypsum is composite makes alkaline land modifying agent.Its cardinal principle is: cemented out by the sodium ion being adsorbed on soil colloids by the ion exchange of phosphogypsum; Water retention is played by the sodium polyacrylate be grafted on weathered coal; By phosphogypsum by the carbanion solidification (CaSO in deep subsoil water body
4=Ca
2++ SO4
2-; Ca
2++ CO
3 2-=CaCO
3), thus soil pH value falls; Soil pH is reduced and can chessom by the acidity effect of weathered coal; The effect keeping chemical fertilizer nutrient is played by attapulgite; Through adding breeze composition, effectively can improve soil because of saline and alkaline degree causes soil compaction, improve Crop Root and tie up to the inner permeation functions of soil, trace compound effectively can supplement and meet farm crop whole breeding times to the demand of multiple nutrient, accomplishes balance fertilizing, and trace element has and promotes growing of crop, improve photosynthetic utilization ratio, improve the individual large of potato fruit, though consumption is little, play an important role.
The present invention is achieved by the following technical solutions, and a kind of modifying agent of potato saltings saline and alkaline of degrading, by trace compound, phosphogypsum, attapulgite, weathered coal-sodium polyacrylate mixture and breeze composition, is characterized in that: according to weighing scale, by 1-2 part trace compound, 1-3 part phosphogypsum, 4-5 part attapulgite, 1-3 part weathered coal-sodium polyacrylate mixture, the breeze of 1-2 part mixes and forms, described trace compound is by 4-8 part ammonium molybdate by weight, the borax of 15-20 part, the zinc sulfate of 10-14 part mixes, and the fineness of trace compound is 100-200 order, described phosphogypsum fineness is 100-200 order, the fineness of described attapulgite is 100-200 order, described weathered coal-sodium polyacrylate mixture is by weight, by the sodium polyacrylate Homogeneous phase mixing of the weathered coal of 7 parts and 4 parts, then be added to the water and be made into the suspension liquid that concentration is 50-60g/L, at 26 DEG C, stir 25-30 minute, thus by sodium acrylate graft copolymerization at weathered coal on the surface, dry, pulverize to 100-200 order in 60 degrees Celsius afterwards and obtain, described breeze fineness is 100-200 order.
To degrade the modifying agent of potato saltings saline and alkaline, it is characterized in that, comprise the steps:
(1) be mixed by the borax of 4-8 part ammonium molybdate, 15-20 part, the zinc sulfate of 10-14 part by weight by trace compound, the fineness of trace compound is 100-200 order;
(2) phosphogypsum powder is broken to 100-200 order stand-by;
(3) attapulgite is crushed to 100-200 order dry powder and irradiates under gamma ray (4MeV, 30kGy) and obtain stand-by in 13-15 minute;
(4) weathered coal-sodium polyacrylate mixture is by weight, by the sodium polyacrylate Homogeneous phase mixing of the weathered coal of 7 parts and 4 parts, then be added to the water and be made into the suspension liquid that concentration is 60-70g/L, at 26 DEG C, stir 25 minutes, thus by sodium acrylate graft copolymerization at weathered coal on the surface, dry, pulverize to 150-200 order in 60 degrees Celsius afterwards and obtain;
(5) most 100-200 order is stand-by for the finess disintegrating of breeze;
(6) by weight, the breeze 1-2 part Homogeneous phase mixing in weathered coal-sodium polyacrylate mixture 1-3 part, (5) in the attapulgite 4-5 part in the trace compound 1-3 part in (1), the phosphogypsum 1-2 part in (2), (3), (4) is obtained this modifying agent.
A kind of application method of modifying agent of potato saltings saline and alkaline of degrading, it is characterized in that: by weight, the modifying agent obtained is added in fertilizer or urea or Chemical Mixed Fertilizer according to 5-20% ratio, namely granulation obtains alkaline land improving fertilizer, alkaline land improving urea and alkaline land improving Chemical Mixed Fertilizer, the modifying agent obtained evenly is spread fertilizer over the fields at soil surface according to every mu of 12-15kg consumption, then plough, maybe the consumption of obtained improving fertilizer according to every mu of 40-60kg is evenly spread fertilizer over the fields at soil surface, then plough.
The present invention has the following advantages compared to existing technology:
(1) the present invention is compared with common chemical fertilizer, apply fertilizer Deng nutrient, soil humidity more than 10% can be increased, reduce soil and be harmful to salinity (sodium ion and carbanion etc.) more than 10%, improve determining cation exchange capacity of soil more than 5%, reduce nutrient loss more than 15%, make crop yield more than 10%, the multiple efficacies such as there is significant water conservation, fertilizer conservation, salt reduction, pressure alkali, loosen the soil.
(2) phosphogypsum adopted in the present invention is mainly the by product that fertilizer plant produces phosphate fertilizer, compared with the desulfurated plaster used in existing alkaline land modifying agent patent, there is reserves large (about more than 10 times), the large advantage of cost low (low more than 50%) two.
(3) weathered coal adopted in the present invention, compared with humic acid in existing alkaline land modifying agent patent, has the advantages such as reserves are large, cost is low.
Embodiment
Elaborate to embodiments of the invention below, the present embodiment is implemented under premised on technical solution of the present invention, give detailed embodiment and concrete operating process, but protection scope of the present invention is not limited to following embodiment.
Embodiment 1
(1) be mixed by the borax of 4-8 part ammonium molybdate, 15-20 part, the zinc sulfate of 10-14 part by weight by trace compound, the fineness of trace compound is 100 orders;
(2) phosphogypsum powder is broken to 100 orders;
(3) attapulgite (colloid, 100 orders) dry powder is irradiated 13 minutes under gamma ray (4MeV, 30kGy), attapulgite is scatter, keep nutrient effect to promote it;
(4) by weight, by the sodium acrylate Homogeneous phase mixing of the weathered coals of 7 parts (content of humic acid is 20%) with 4 parts, be then added to the water and be made into the suspension liquid that concentration is 55g/L, at 26 DEG C, stir 25 minutes, thus by sodium acrylate graft copolymerization at weathered coal on the surface.Dry, pulverize to 100 orders with 60 degrees Celsius afterwards, namely obtain weathered coal-sodium polyacrylate mixture;
(5) breeze is crushed to 100 orders;
(6) by weight, by the weathered coal-sodium polyacrylate mixture in the phosphogypsum in the trace compound in 1 part (1), 2 parts (2), the attapulgite in 4 parts (3), 2 parts (4) and the breeze Homogeneous phase mixing in 1 part (5), namely obtain alkaline land modifying agent;
The modifying agent obtained in (6) is evenly spread fertilizer over the fields at soil surface according to every mu of 12kg consumption, then ploughs;
The modifying agent that also (6) can be obtained by weight 5% ratio join in fertilizer or urea or Chemical Mixed Fertilizer, obtained improving fertilizer is evenly spread fertilizer over the fields at soil surface according to every mu of 40kg consumption, then ploughs.
Embodiment 2
(1) be mixed by the borax of 4-8 part ammonium molybdate, 15-20 part, the zinc sulfate of 10-14 part by weight by trace compound, the fineness of trace compound is 150 orders;
(2) phosphogypsum powder is broken to 150 orders;
(3) attapulgite (colloid, 150 orders) dry powder is irradiated 14 minutes under gamma ray (4MeV, 30kGy), attapulgite is scatter, keep nutrient effect to promote it;
(4) by weight, by the sodium acrylate Homogeneous phase mixing of the weathered coals of 7 parts (content of humic acid is 20%) with 4 parts, be then added to the water and be made into the suspension liquid that concentration is 65g/L, at 26 DEG C, stir 25 minutes, thus by sodium acrylate graft copolymerization at weathered coal on the surface.Dry, pulverize to 150 orders with 60 degrees Celsius afterwards, namely obtain weathered coal-sodium polyacrylate mixture;
(5) breeze is crushed to 150 orders;
(6) by weight, by the weathered coal-sodium polyacrylate mixture in the phosphogypsum in the trace compound in 2 parts (1), 2 parts (2), the attapulgite in 4 parts (3), 1 part (4) and the breeze Homogeneous phase mixing in 1 part (5), namely obtain alkaline land modifying agent;
The modifying agent obtained in (6) is evenly spread fertilizer over the fields at soil surface according to every mu of 13kg consumption, then ploughs;
The modifying agent that also (6) can be obtained by weight 10% ratio join in fertilizer or urea or Chemical Mixed Fertilizer, obtained improving fertilizer is evenly spread fertilizer over the fields at soil surface according to every mu of 50kg consumption, then ploughs.
Embodiment 3
(1) be mixed by the borax of 4-8 part ammonium molybdate, 15-20 part, the zinc sulfate of 10-14 part by weight by trace compound, the fineness of trace compound is 200 orders;
(2) phosphogypsum powder is broken to 200 orders;
(3) attapulgite (colloid, 200 orders) dry powder is irradiated 15 minutes under gamma ray (4MeV, 30kGy), attapulgite is scatter, keep nutrient effect to promote it;
(4) by weight, by the sodium acrylate Homogeneous phase mixing of the weathered coals of 7 parts (content of humic acid is 20%) with 4 parts, be then added to the water and be made into the suspension liquid that concentration is 70g/L, at 26 DEG C, stir 25 minutes, thus by sodium acrylate graft copolymerization at weathered coal on the surface.Dry, pulverize to 200 orders with 60 degrees Celsius afterwards, namely obtain weathered coal-sodium polyacrylate mixture;
(5) breeze is crushed to 200 orders;
(6) by weight, by the weathered coal-sodium polyacrylate mixture in the phosphogypsum in the trace compound in 1 part (1), 1 part (2), the attapulgite in 4 parts (3), 2 parts (4) and the breeze Homogeneous phase mixing in 2 parts (5), namely obtain alkaline land modifying agent;
The modifying agent obtained in (6) is evenly spread fertilizer over the fields at soil surface according to every mu of 15kg consumption, then ploughs;
The modifying agent that also (6) can be obtained by weight 20% ratio join in fertilizer or urea or Chemical Mixed Fertilizer, obtained improving fertilizer is evenly spread fertilizer over the fields at soil surface according to every mu of 60kg consumption, then ploughs.
The first half of the year in 2014 adopts the modifying agent product described in embodiment 2 in north of Ningxia, the area heavier to local saltings degree has been carried out two pieces of adjacent 20 mu of potato fields and has been tested, when results, carry out contrast and ultimate production to the potato on two pieces of ground respectively to carry out contrast and find, used the potato of modifying agent and the output of contrast increases, head becomes greatly, ventilation property and the saline and alkaline of soil obviously take a turn for the better to some extent.As can be seen here, this product, for improving alkaline land soil and improving crop yield, has a significant effect.
Above embodiment only in order to the present invention is described and and unrestricted technical scheme described in the invention; Therefore, although this specification sheets with reference to each above-mentioned embodiment to present invention has been detailed description, those of ordinary skill in the art should be appreciated that and still can modify to the present invention or equivalent to replace; And all do not depart from technical scheme and the improvement thereof of the spirit and scope of the present invention, all should be encompassed in right of the present invention.
Claims (7)
1. the modifying agent of potato saltings saline and alkaline of degrading, be made up of trace compound, phosphogypsum, attapulgite, weathered coal-sodium polyacrylate mixture and breeze, it is characterized in that: according to weighing scale, mixed by the breeze of 1-2 part trace compound, 1-3 part phosphogypsum, 4-5 part attapulgite, 1-3 part weathered coal-sodium polyacrylate mixture, 1-2 part and form.
2. the modifying agent of a kind of potato saltings saline and alkaline of degrading according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: described trace compound is mixed by the borax of 4-8 part ammonium molybdate, 15-20 part, the zinc sulfate of 10-14 part by weight, and the fineness of trace compound is 100-200 order.
3. the modifying agent of a kind of potato saltings saline and alkaline of degrading according to claim 1, is characterized in that: described phosphogypsum fineness is 100-200 order.
4. the modifying agent of a kind of potato saltings saline and alkaline of degrading according to claim 1, is characterized in that: the fineness of described attapulgite is 100-200 order.
5. the modifying agent of a kind of potato saltings saline and alkaline of degrading according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: described weathered coal-sodium polyacrylate mixture is by weight, by the sodium polyacrylate Homogeneous phase mixing of the weathered coal of 7 parts and 4 parts, then be added to the water and be made into the suspension liquid that concentration is 50-60g/L, at 26 DEG C, stir 25-30 minute, thus by sodium acrylate graft copolymerization at weathered coal on the surface, dry, pulverize to 100-200 order in 60 degrees Celsius afterwards and obtain.
6. the modifying agent of a kind of potato saltings saline and alkaline of degrading according to claim 1, is characterized in that: described breeze fineness is 100-200 order.
7. to degrade the modifying agent manufacture method of potato saltings saline and alkaline, it is characterized in that, comprise the steps:
(1) be mixed by the borax of 4-8 part ammonium molybdate, 15-20 part, the zinc sulfate of 10-14 part by weight by trace compound, the fineness of trace compound is 100-200 order;
(2) phosphogypsum powder is broken to 100-200 order stand-by;
(3) attapulgite is crushed to 100-200 order dry powder and irradiates under gamma ray (4MeV, 30kGy) and obtain stand-by in 13-15 minute;
(4) weathered coal-sodium polyacrylate mixture is by weight, by the sodium polyacrylate Homogeneous phase mixing of the weathered coal of 7 parts and 4 parts, then be added to the water and be made into the suspension liquid that concentration is 60-70g/L, at 26 DEG C, stir 25 minutes, thus by sodium acrylate graft copolymerization at weathered coal on the surface, dry, pulverize to 100-200 order in 60 degrees Celsius afterwards and obtain;
(5) most 100-200 order is stand-by for the finess disintegrating of breeze;
(6) by weight, the breeze 1-2 part Homogeneous phase mixing in weathered coal-sodium polyacrylate mixture 1-3 part, (5) in the attapulgite 4-5 part in the trace compound 1-3 part in (1), the phosphogypsum 1-2 part in (2), (3), (4) is obtained this modifying agent.
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| CN201510146928.5A CN104804746A (en) | 2015-03-31 | 2015-03-31 | Modifier for degrading salinity alkalinity of potato saline-alkali soil |
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Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN108207503A (en) * | 2017-11-30 | 2018-06-29 | 潍坊友容实业有限公司 | The method that strand sandyization salt-soda soil plantation sand draws grass and improvement clay fertilizer situation |
| CN110558179A (en) * | 2019-09-25 | 2019-12-13 | 正大农业科技(浙江)有限公司 | Method for planting rice in coastal saline-alkali soil |
| CN111742802A (en) * | 2020-04-29 | 2020-10-09 | 天津市农作物研究所(天津市水稻研究所) | Method for planting high-yield potatoes in saline-alkali soil |
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2015
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| CN1699507A (en) * | 2004-05-21 | 2005-11-23 | 中国科学院兰州化学物理研究所 | Nutrient-supplying agent for improving high saline soil |
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Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN108207503A (en) * | 2017-11-30 | 2018-06-29 | 潍坊友容实业有限公司 | The method that strand sandyization salt-soda soil plantation sand draws grass and improvement clay fertilizer situation |
| CN110558179A (en) * | 2019-09-25 | 2019-12-13 | 正大农业科技(浙江)有限公司 | Method for planting rice in coastal saline-alkali soil |
| CN111742802A (en) * | 2020-04-29 | 2020-10-09 | 天津市农作物研究所(天津市水稻研究所) | Method for planting high-yield potatoes in saline-alkali soil |
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Application publication date: 20150729 |