CN104744105A

CN104744105A - Straw intelligent type land plate and preparation method thereof

Info

Publication number: CN104744105A
Application number: CN201310724196.4A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 丁之铨; 陈久顺
Original assignee: Individual
Current assignee: Individual
Priority date: 2013-12-25
Filing date: 2013-12-25
Publication date: 2015-07-01

Abstract

The invention provides a straw intelligent type land plate and a preparation method thereof. According to the invention, plant straw is taken as a main raw material, an adhesive, a water-retaining agent, a slow release long-acting particle composite fertilizer, a phytocytomine, mineral matter powder, an active beneficial bacterium, grass carbon and special nutrient composition are added and crushed, and the steps of mixing, briquetting, airing, drying and packaging are carried out to prepare the finished product which is the straw intelligent type land plate. The straw intelligent type land plate has environment required by plants growth, contains the nutrition composition required by plants growth, and is widely used for various crops and commercial crop plantation, and the straw intelligent type land plate comprises large agriculture, indoor garden, greenhouse plantation, facility agriculture, soilless culture and garden flower. The straw intelligent type land plate provides a good path for creating plant straw, the straw intelligent type land plate can be recovered and used, therefore, the straw intelligent type land plate is an embodiment of an high science and technology agriculture cycle industry.

Description

A kind of stalk intelligent soil plate and preparation method thereof

Technical field

This invention belongs to high technological aqriculture circulation industry.

Background technology

The size of population that soil is huge relative to China, be shortage and extremely valuable, another base attribute in soil is non-renewable, and is the unique channel that the mankind obtain all kinds of farm crop, and therefore, soil is precious for we mankind.

Stalk is material discarded after various crop harvesting.After the farm crop harvestings such as every mu of corn, Chinese sorghum, wheat, paddy rice, on average can produce the stalk of about three tons, there is about 1,600,000,000 mu, available arable land in China, the waste straw that per season produces, except small part is utilized, discarded is flood tide and cannot processes, and annual peasant have to burn by the mode of burning, and the smog that this kind of mode produces causes huge pollution.In recent years, because every aspect is to the attention of environmental protection and the utilization of resources, Activities of Some Plants stalk was used to: chopping and returning, do feed, combustion power generation, briquetting as clean energy etc.But problem is not still resolved very ideally, the unsuitable consumption of chopping and returning is excessive, and the excessive nitrogenous fertilizer that easily causes is not enough, and direct returning to farmland also easily causes the circulation of existing germ simultaneously; There is transportation radius and the seasonal problem focused on as feed, the too large cost of transportation radius improves, and after season, the nutritive value that whole yellow stalks is raised reduces greatly; Directly there is Cost Problems in combustion power generation, generally all relying on government subsidies, otherwise be difficult to profit; Briquetting then needs special making equipment and combustion equipment as clean energy, is also not to be used widely because there is Cost Problems ... therefore, the process of waste straw is a difficult problem all the time.

But straw derives from nature or derives from plantation, an inherently part for plant, containing abundant organic matter and the multiple nutrients needed for plant-growth and even all nutrition, if scientifically utilized, is exactly a kind of huge resource.The basic thinking that the present invention is formed is such: become precious for making refuse, the present invention considers that straw contains a large amount of organic and nutrition and decomposes the characteristics such as slow, if with addition of some other nutritive substances and ancillary component, the direct matrix as growth is then a good outlet.This matrix prepared is in conjunction with extrusion technique, make its compressed moulding, be designed to a production line, then large-scale standardized production can be realized, can long-distance transportation seriously need the area upgrading soil to use to soil shortage area, varieties in saline-alkali areas or soil disease after product compression, can yet be regarded as be the good approach that stalk is turned waste into wealth.After repeatedly proportioning, planting experiment, we obtain the present invention.The finished product of the present invention are called stalk intelligent soil plate by us.

Product of the present invention has carried out multiple small-scale planting experiment, proof can be widely used in various farm crop and cash crop plantation, comprise multi-form agriculture, indoor garden, greenhouse gardening, industrialized agriculture, soilless culture, landscape flower etc., realize high technological aqriculture circulation.

Summary of the invention

The present invention has two objects: the first object is to provide the intelligent soil plate that a kind of stalk coordinates auxiliary material synthesis; Second object is to provide the preparation method of this intelligent soil plate.

In order to realize first object, obtain stalk intelligent soil plate, we adopt following starting material: the nutritive ingredient of stalk, tamanori, water-holding agent, slow release long-acting granular compound fertilizer, phytocytomine, ore powder, active probiotics, the peat composed of rotten mosses, other special requirements.After starting material are pulverized respectively, Homogeneous phase mixing in proportion, extrusion moduling, natural drying, oven dry obtain finished product.The intelligent soil plate that this stalk is made, possesses the environment needed for plant-growth, containing the various compositions needed for the growth of plant thing.

For realizing second object of invention, the preparation method of the intelligent soil plate provided, comprises the following steps successively:

1, pulverize: by all kinds of stalk pulverizer, be crushed to 3 ~ 5cm, for subsequent use.

2, mix: pour all raw material into stirrer successively according to weight percent and mix, for subsequent use.

3, extrusion moduling: by the stalk mixture small belt conveyor mixed, send into the brick press through repacking, extrusion molding is stalk soil plate.

4, airing: by the stalk soil plate of extrusion molding, be transported to airing field, code becomes empty block buttress, and air-dry 24 hours, make stalk soil plate water content lower than 20%, stalk soil plate now can directly use, and preserves for a long time after also can carrying out oven dry.

5, dry: the stalk soil plate after airing is sent into tunnel type drying streamline and dries, make the water content of stalk soil plate be less than 18%, obtained finished product.

Intelligent soil of the present invention plate, not only meet needed for crop growth, also have the nutrition auto-compensation of certain applicable plant demand and water-retentivity (draw from the external world, preserve certain density nutrition and slowly-releasing to planted plant), therefore possess certain intelligent.

This characteristic feature of an invention is as follows:

1, this invention has water-maintaining function, water-absorbing-retaining ability is about 50 times of common soil, and energy slow releasing, that is, intelligent soil plate, once waters, because of energy slow releasing, can slow releasing more than 100 days, namely a kind of growth cycle of a kind of cash crop only need use a water.

2, in this invention with addition of the super long effective composite fertilizer of slow controlled release and durable composite fertilizer particle, all kinds of full nutrition of cash crop three growth cycles element can be met, and fertilizer damage and fertilizer waste can not be produced.

3, the thickness of stalk intelligent soil plate is 60 ~ 100 millimeters, and the deficiency of taking root for preventing plant, is employed herein phytocytomine, and root of the crop must laterally be increased, and root biomass reaches more than 2 times, keeps fully absorbing nutrient.

4, the present invention is in the course of processing, through hyperthermia drying synthesis type, go out except all common phytopathogens and insect egg, therefore, when using the plate plantation of stalk intelligent soil, disease and insect risk can be reduced more comprehensively than other Land Environments, without the need to or reduce various Pesticide use amount, thus, utilize the various products of this kind of stalk intelligent soil plate plantation, non-harmful product requirement can be reached completely.

5, the present invention adds active probiotic, can make product closer to natural soils, strengthen disease resistance of plant, and make stalk in use be decomposed into soil ulmin gradually.

6, present invention utilizes the mineral substance powder such as medical stone powder, its content executes 25 kilograms of mineral soil soil improvers with being equivalent to every mu, mineral substance powder has natural production-increasing function and absorption miscellaneous diseases bacterium function to crop, therefore, ensure that various cash crop volume increase function in the present invention.

7, recycle: stalk intelligent soil plate is the invention of turning waste into wealth in circulation industry, and its type capable of circulation is included in two aspects.One is the recycle of stalk resource: the corn, Chinese sorghum, paddy rice, wheat, wood chip etc. on every mu of ground can be made into 20 square metres of soil plates, and the stalk of 33 mu every mu can synthesize the intelligent soil plate of 0.07 hectare; Two is recycles of the finished product that the present invention makes: this kind of soil plate can use 5 years continuously, can be formed after 5 years high-quality containing humic acid organic fertilizer material, be also recyclablely again processed into intelligent soil plate.

Specific implementation process

1, pulverize: by all kinds of stalk pulverizer, for subsequent use after being crushed to the powder of 3 ~ 5mm, other compositions are crushed to powdery.

2, proportioning and mixing: broken stalk 75 ~ 80%, tamanori 6 ~ 10%, mineral substance powder 2 ~ 5%, water-holding agent 1 ~ 2%, slow release long-acting granular fertilizer 2 ~ 5%, phytocytomine 0.1 ~ 0.5%, the peat composed of rotten mosses 3 ~ 5%, composite reactive probiotic bacterium 1 × 10 ⁶~ 1 × 10 ⁸cfu/g (weight ratio is about 1 ~ 2%), as needed special nutrition material also can add in this step, mentioned component pour into successively in stirrer be uniformly mixed rear for subsequent use.

3, extrusion molding: by the stalk particle thing small belt conveyor mixed, sends in the mould of the brick press after repacking, is squeezed into plate.

4, airing: by the stalk soil plate of extrusion molding, be transported to airing field, code becomes hollow ventilation to pile up neatly, air-dry 24 hours, make plate water content rear for subsequent use lower than less than 20%, this plate was stalk intelligent soil plate, directly can use, after also can drying, extend the shelf time.

5, dry: by air-dry moisture content to send in tunnel type drying streamline lower than soil plate on the stalk of less than 20%, dry at the temperature of 80 ~ 90 DEG C 5 ~ 8 minutes (or 55 ~ 65 DEG C dry 20 ~ 30 minutes), the water content of stalk soil plate is made to be less than 18%, obtained finished product.

6, pack: every 5 pieces are wrapped with plastics film Feng Chengyi, are transported to warehouse and deposit, prevent from drenching by water.

Embodiment 1:

Broken corn stalk 76%, sizing agent 10%, zeolite powder 3%, commercially available water-holding agent 1%, slow release long-acting granular fertilizer (N P and K total content 30%) 3.5%, phytocytomine 0.1%, the peat composed of rotten mosses 5%, containing the composite bacillus 1% of gemma number 10,000,000,000/g, (being equivalent to viable count in product is 1.0 × 10 ⁸cfu/g), borax 0.4%, mentioned component is poured into successively in stirrer and is uniformly mixed rear extrusion molding, dry, dry 5 ~ 8 minutes at the temperature of 80 ~ 90 DEG C, to obtain final product.

Embodiment 2:

Cracked soybeans stalk and maize straw is each 39%, sizing agent 8%, sepiolite powder 5%, commercially available water-holding agent 2%, slow release long-acting granular fertilizer (N P and K total content 30%) 2%, phytocytomine 0.2%, the peat composed of rotten mosses 3%, (being equivalent to total viable count in product is 4.5 × 10 for the composite bacillus 0.5% containing gemma number 6,000,000,000/g and the Actinomycete preparation 0.5% containing spore count 3,000,000,000/g ⁷cfu/g, but actinomycetes have the viable bacteria loss of 20% ~ 30% in drying course), mentioned component is poured into successively in stirrer and is uniformly mixed rear extrusion molding, dry, 55 ~ 65 DEG C dry 20 ~ 30 minutes, to obtain final product.

Claims

1. a stalk intelligent soil plate, its main component is straw through pulverizing or sawdust etc., and its finished product facing agricultural, as the matrix of comprehensive plant growing.

2. the intelligent soil of a kind of stalk as claimed in claim 1 plate, its accessory package is containing tamanori 6 ~ 10%, mineral substance powder 2 ~ 5%, water-holding agent 1 ~ 2%, slow release long-acting granular fertilizer 2 ~ 5%, phytocytomine 0.1 ~ 0.5%, the peat composed of rotten mosses 3 ~ 5%, composite reactive probiotic bacterium 1 × 10 ⁶~ 1 × 10 ⁸cfu/g (weight ratio is about 1 ~ 2%).

3. mineral substance powder as claimed in claim 2 is and the mineral substance powder to non-phytotoxic abundant containing trace element such as zeolite powder, sepiolite powder, medical stone powder, wilkinite.