CN102391048A - Prefabricated plate type seedbed soil and preparation method for raising paddy rice seedlings - Google Patents
Prefabricated plate type seedbed soil and preparation method for raising paddy rice seedlings Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention provides prefabricated plate type seedbed soil and a preparation method for raising paddy rice seedlings. The preparation method comprises the following steps of: smashing rice hull, blighted grains and straw, mixing according to a certain proportion, adding an EM (Effective Microorganism) microbial agent and water for stockpiling and storing, fully composting, and fermenting to obtain a fermentation mixture; uniformly mixing and stirring the fermentation mixture, perlite, grass carbon, humic acid, a hydrophilizing agent and a multifunctional paddy rice seedling raising conditioner according to the certain proportion, spraying clear water till raw materials are not loosened when extruded into sheets, and stirring uniformly; and extruding into sheets, splicing and drying to obtain the prefabricated plate type seedbed soil. According to the invention, the aims of saving the soil resource, efficiently utilizing resources and maintaining and repairing the weak ecological environment can be fulfilled, high yield, stable yield and sustainable development of paddy rice in cold paddy rice regions, saline and alkaline paddy rice regions and the like are facilitated, and the social benefit, economic benefit and ecological benefit are enhanced.
Description
Technical field
The present invention provides a kind of seedling cultivation of rice prefabricated board-like bed soil, also discloses the preparation method of this board-like bed soil simultaneously, belongs to the arviculture technical field.
Background technology
Traditional bed soil technology of preparing relates generally to following two aspects: the one, fetch earth, and the traditional bed soil amount of fetching earth is big, and bed soil is many to be Tu Yuan with garden loam, field of vegetables soil, dry land soil etc.; But because of efficient agriculture is Farmland was overused without proper attention to the maintenance of its fertility for a long time in recent years; Cause the soil plough horizon attenuation, soil grade and soil fertility descend year after year, the more and more difficult demand that satisfies the seedling bed earth quality and quantity; Wherein, especially with cold, the seedling bed earth shortage of saline and alkaline rice district is even more serious.The 2nd, bed soil preparation, is difficult for grasping the operation very complicated, relates to a plurality of processes such as farm manure becomes thoroughly decomposed, fetches earth, preparation, acidifying, and preparation standard is high, difficulty is big, require great effort, take a lot of work, and all processes independently accomplished by peasant household, and the bed soil property amount of preparation is uneven.
Summary of the invention
The present invention provides a kind of seedling cultivation of rice prefabricated board-like bed soil, its purpose be to solve current seedling cultivation of rice especially the northeast rice that lacks seedling bed earth such as cold, saline and alkaline make district's native shortage problem.
The invention also discloses the preparation method of this prefabricated board-like bed soil; Can reach the purpose of saving soil resource, resources effective utilization, maintenance and repairerment fragile ecological environment; Promote rice district rice high yield, stable yields and Sustainable developments such as cold, saline and alkaline; Improve social benefit, economic benefit and ecological benefits, it is of far-reaching significance.
The prefabricated board-like bed soil of seedling cultivation of rice of the present invention,It is characterized in that by following raw material by volume umber process:
3.5～4.5 parts in the not plump paddy of rice husk, rice of fermentation, the mixture of straw,
2.0 ~ 2.2 parts of perlites,
1.2 ~ 1.5 parts of the peats composed of rotten mosses,
0.9 ~ 1.1 part of humic acids,
0.9 ~ 1.0 part of hydrophilizing agent,
Grow seedlings 0.5 ~ 0.7 part of amendment of multifunctional paddy.
The mixture of the rice husk of said fermentation, the not plump paddy of rice, straw is a rice husk: the not plump paddy of rice: straw=(3 ~ 4): (2 ~ 3): (3 ~ 4); They are pulverized is 5～10mm fine powder; Every 500kg mixture is stockpiled and stored after adding 0.3%～0.5% EM microbiobacterial agent and the 140 ~ 160kg water of 100～150kg, fully becomes thoroughly decomposed; If become thoroughly decomposed naturally, ferment, need cycle through a summer.
Wherein, The EM microbiobacterial agent is a kind of micro ecological active microbial inoculum; More than the 80 kind of floras such as thread flora that contain photosynthetic bacteria group, lactobacillus, yeast flora, Gram positive actinomycetes crowd, fermentation system; Can effectively decompose organic substance such as straw, rice husk and discharge nutrient, suppress harmful microbe existence and breeding, promote soil aggregate formation etc.
Described perlite is that volcano silicate is heated in body of heater that 1000 o'clock rock particless expand and the lightweight coacervate of a kind of sealing of forming, and unit weight is little, can hold the water of 3 ~ 4 times of own wts.As bed soil composition, protect fertilizer, water conservation, aseptic, good permeability.
The described peat composed of rotten mosses by the residual body of marsh plant, under the anaerobic condition of many water, can not decompose accumulation fully and form.Contain large quantity of moisture and not by the plant residue of thorough decomposition, soil ulmin and a part of mineral substance.Organic content is more than 30%.Adopt " peat composed of rotten mosses " to cultivate seedling, can improve seed germination rate and the growth quality that improves seedling greatly for matrix structure.
Described humic acids is a kind of organic matter raw material, has fertilizer synergistic, improves the soil, stimulates plant growth, improves functions such as agricultural product quality;
Described hydrophilizing agent promptly suctions water or suctions the spawn that forms behind the aqueous solution that contains fertilizer for improving the growth of seedlings etc., and gel and matrix soil are mixed thoroughly with volume 1:10 (giving money as a gift than 0.1%), is sprinkling upon the seedling tray bottom; Its tridimensional network can make water or water solubles controlled release, and the gel that absorbs water is dried wet, and suitable liquid manure gas heat condition can be provided, and impels table soil pine, and water ratio is also high, be prone to pull up seedlings, and Gen Maofada, the diffusing rate that sticks together of lifting is low, and separating thing eventually is nitrogen, potash fertilizer.
The described multifunctional paddy amendment of growing seedlings, trade(brand)name are " lucky new ", and the standard card number is Q/G JNGX04-2008, and registration card number is No. 0041, the accurate word of Ji Nongfei (2004).It is the rice seedling-growth soil regulator to the preparation of board-like bed soil matrix matter characteristics, and nitrogenous, phosphorus, potassium, zinc, souring agent, root-growing agent, fertilizer for improving the growth of seedlings etc. can fully satisfy the nutrient demand of board-like bed seedlings and soil.
The preparation method of the prefabricated board-like bed soil of seedling cultivation of rice of the present invention is following:
Be 5～10mm fine powder with rice husk, the not plump paddy of rice, straw smashing fineness according to the above ratio; Every 500kg mixture is stockpiled and stored after adding 0.3%～0.5% EM microbiobacterial agent and the 140 ~ 160kg water of 100～150kg; Fully become thoroughly decomposed, ferment, process fermenting mixture; According to the above ratio with fermenting mixture, perlite, the peat composed of rotten mosses, humic acids, hydrophilizing agent, the multifunctional paddy amendment mixing and stirring of growing seedlings, spray into clear water and make raw material reach extruding not loose state in flakes then, stir; Extruding in flakes, section, oven dry promptly get.
Finished product length * wide * thick=56cm * 26.5cm * 0.5cm.
During application, with the board-like bed of the present invention soil be tiled in put that bed is gone up or soil-loading disk in, water then, sowing, earthing, the seeding stage management is identical with common seedling raising manners.
The present invention is following with respect to the positively effect that prior art has:
Save soil resource, effectively solve the difficult difficult problem that fetches earth, the traditional bed soil amount of fetching earth needs 1.25～1.5 tons of bed soil, about 150 yuan/ton for the per hectare rice field; Nutrition agent, acid adjustment, manual works etc. in addition add up to 1500～1750 yuan/hectare of costs, and board-like bed soil need not soil; Be raw material with agricultural wastes straw etc. mainly, the batch production preparation contains essential compositions such as nutrition agent; With low cost, 1200～1400 yuan/hectare; Replace traditional expanded bed soil with board-like bed soil, preparation process plantization, unitized, stdn, mass-producing, the comprehensive proterties of finished product is good, satisfies the seedling cultivation of rice needs fully, the convenient use, the saving of labor, laborsaving, save time, farmers' income increases; Can efficiently utilize agriculture byproduct, realize 150～200 kilograms/hectare of agricultural wastes recyclings such as straw, rice husk, the not plump paddy of rice, reduce the wasting of resources, alleviate resource and environment pressure; The simple science of method is easy to operate, is convenient to promote, under equal conditions, than 300～500 yuan/hectare of general planting additional incomes.
Can reach the purpose of saving soil resource, resources effective utilization, maintenance and repairerment fragile ecological environment, promote rice district rice high yield, stable yields and Sustainable developments such as cold, saline and alkaline, improve social benefit, economic benefit and ecological benefits, it is of far-reaching significance.
Embodiment
Through following examples the present invention is described for example further; And do not limit the present invention in any way; Under the prerequisite that does not deviate from technical solution of the present invention, any change or change that those of ordinary skills that the present invention did are realized easily all will fall within the claim scope of the present invention.
Embodiment 1
With rice husk 3kg, the not plump paddy 3kg of rice, straw 4kg smashing fineness is 5～10mm fine powder, and every 500kg mixture is stockpiled and stored after adding 0.5% EM microbiobacterial agent and the 140g water of 100kg, fully becomes thoroughly decomposed, ferments, and processes fermenting mixture; Get fermenting mixture 4.5kg, perlite 2.0kg, peat composed of rotten mosses 1.2kg, humic acids 0.9kg, hydrophilizing agent 0.9kg, the multifunctional paddy amendment 0.5kg mixing and stirring of growing seedlings then; Spraying into clear water makes raw material reach extruding not loose state in flakes; Generally speaking, be advisable with moisture content about 15%; Stir after the batching; The base starting material that stirs is sent on the tabletting machine with conveying belt, and loose raw thickness is controlled at about 15mm, and extruding back thickness in flakes is about 5mm; Press the section of seedling cultivation of rice seedling dish specification, oven dry, finished product length * wide * thick=56cm * 26.5cm * 0.5cm.
Embodiment 2
With rice husk 3.5kg, the not plump paddy 2.5kg of rice, straw 4kg smashing fineness is 5～10mm fine powder, and every 500kg mixture is stockpiled and stored after adding 0.4% EM microbiobacterial agent and the 150kg water of 120kg, fully becomes thoroughly decomposed, ferments, and processes fermenting mixture; Get 3.5 parts of fermenting mixtures, 2.2 parts of perlites, 1.5 parts of the peats composed of rotten mosses, 1.1 parts of humic acidss, 1.0 parts of hydrophilizing agents, the multifunctional paddy 0.7 part of mixing and stirring of amendment of growing seedlings then, the present invention is processed in compressing tablet, section, oven dry.
Embodiment 3
With rice husk 4kg, the not plump paddy 3kg of rice, straw 34kg smashing fineness is 5～10mm fine powder, and every 500kg mixture is stockpiled and stored after adding 0.3% EM microbiobacterial agent and the 160kg water of 100kg, fully becomes thoroughly decomposed, ferments, and processes fermenting mixture; Get 4 parts of fermenting mixtures, 2.1 parts of perlites, 1.4 parts of the peats composed of rotten mosses, 1.0 parts of humic acidss, 1.0 parts of hydrophilizing agents, the multifunctional paddy 0.5 part of mixing and stirring of amendment of growing seedlings then, the present invention is processed in compressing tablet, section, oven dry.
(the standard card number is Q/G JNGX04-2008 to the seedling cultivation of rice amendment that in embodiment 1 ~ 3, relates to for " lucky new " board; Registration card number is No. 0041, the accurate word of Ji Nongfei (2004)); It is the rice seedling-growth soil regulator to the preparation of board-like bed soil matrix matter characteristics; Nitrogenous, phosphorus, potassium, zinc, souring agent, root-growing agent, fertilizer for improving the growth of seedlings etc. can fully satisfy the nutrient demand of board-like bed seedlings and soil.
Test Example
Below experiment shows beneficial effect of the present invention:
In Gongzhuling, three the typical case's representatives in Qian Guo county, Zhenlai County district checking the present invention, set control group and invention group respectively, traditional bed soil is for contrasting (wherein; Garden loam is adopted in Gongzhuling, and riverbed soil is adopted in Qian Guo county and Zhenlai County), conventional with the soil amount; Board-like bed soil repeats 3 times for the present invention.Measure indexs such as soil weight, volume, rate of water absorption, water regain, the coefficient of expansion respectively, investigate nursery effect, trial period is 45d.
The experimental result data statistics is seen the following table example.
Bed earth foundation physico-chemical property synopsis
| Index | Control group | Of the present invention group |
| Color | Black | Beige or khaki color |
| Shape | Discrete particle | Sheet |
| Dry ground heavy (kg/ dish) | 2.37 ± 0.14 | 0.82 ± 0.04 ** |
| Soil heavy (kg/ dish) after the water saturation | 3.18 ± 0.17 | 2.08 ± 0.06 ** |
| Dry ground volume (m 3/ dish) | 0.00286 ± 0.00001 | 0.00076± 0.00001 ** |
| Volume (m after the water saturation 3/ dish) | 0.00245 ± 0.00003 | 0.00266 ± 0.00001 ** |
| Water regain (kg/ dish) | 0.81 ± 0.03 | 1.26 ± 0.06 ** |
| The coefficient of expansion | 0.86 ± 0.01 | 3.53 ± 0.01 ** |
| Pure N content (g/ dish) | 1.2 | 1.2 |
| Pure P content (g/ dish) | 1.2 | 1.2 |
| Pure K content (g/ dish) | 1.2 | 1.2 |
Annotate: the expression of the no shoulder motes of colleague and contrast difference not remarkable (
P>0.05); Colleague shoulder motes * represent with contrast difference significantly (
P<0.05); Colleague shoulder motes * * represent with contrast difference extremely significantly (
P<0.01).
?
Bed seedlings and soil effect comparison table
| Index | Control group | Of the present invention group |
| Leaf age | 2.76 ± 0.25 | 2.87 ± 0.30 |
| Plant height (cm) | 14.01 ± 1.62 | 14.78 ± 1.31 |
| The leaf that falls is grown (cm) | 6.67 ± 2.83 | 8.39 ± 1.51 |
| Two leaves that fall are grown (cm) | 7.92 ± 0.96 | 8.11 ± 1.31 |
| Three leaves that fall are grown (cm) | 5.06 ± 0.70 | 5.34 ± 1.07 |
| Radical (bar) | 12.50 ± 0.71 | 13.80 ± 1.55 * |
| Root long (cm) | 4.32 ± 0.22 | 6.33 ± 1.0 ** |
| Stem foot wide (cm) | 0.23 ± 0.04 | 0.29 ± 0.03 ** |
| Hundred strain dry weights (g/100 strain) | 3.00 ± 0.03 | 3.50 ± 0.06 ** |
Annotate: the expression of the no shoulder motes of colleague and contrast difference not remarkable (
P>0.05); Colleague shoulder motes * represent with contrast difference significantly (
P<0.05); Colleague shoulder motes * * represent with contrast difference extremely significantly (
P<0.01).
Annotate: the expression of the no shoulder motes of colleague and contrast difference not remarkable (
P>0.05); Colleague shoulder motes * represent with contrast difference significantly (
P<0.05); Colleague shoulder motes * * represent with contrast difference extremely significantly (
P<0.01).
Experimental result shows: the board-like bed of the present invention soil is beige or khaki color, and sheet is non-friable about thickness 5mm, nutritious; Light specific gravity, unit weight is little, and water regain is big, and water-retentivity is strong, can produce the space between matrix granule after the water-swelling, and permeability is good, the heat absorption insulation, cold-resistant alkali resistant, comprehensive proterties is good.Use the board-like bed of the present invention seedlings and soil, only need with board-like bed soil be tiled in put that bed is gone up or soil-loading disk in, water then, sowing, earthing; The seeding stage management is identical with common seedling raising manners; And rice shoot plant height, the leaf age bred are unaffected, and radical is many and long, the wide and hundred strain dry weights increase of stem foot; Rice shoot is healthy and strong, can meet or exceed the required strong seedling standard of producing fully.
Claims (2)
1. the prefabricated board-like bed soil of a seedling cultivation of rice, it is characterized in that by following raw material by volume umber process:
3.5～4.5 parts in the not plump paddy of rice husk, rice of fermentation, the mixture of straw, 2.0 ~ 2.2 parts of perlites, 1.2 ~ 1.5 parts of the peats composed of rotten mosses,
Grow seedlings 0.5 ~ 0.7 part of amendment of 0.9 ~ 1.1 part of humic acids, 0.9 ~ 1.0 part of hydrophilizing agent, multifunctional paddy;
Wherein, The mixture of the rice husk of said fermentation, the not plump paddy of rice, straw is a rice husk: the not plump paddy of rice: straw=(3 ~ 4): (2 ~ 3): (3 ~ 4); They are pulverized is 5～10mm fine powder; Every 500kg mixture is stockpiled and stored after adding 0.3%～0.5% EM microbiobacterial agent and the 140 ~ 160kg water of 100～150kg, fully becomes thoroughly decomposed;
Described hydrophilizing agent promptly suctions water or suctions the spawn that forms behind the aqueous solution that contains fertilizer for improving the growth of seedlings etc., and gel and matrix soil are mixed thoroughly with volume 1:10 (giving money as a gift than 0.1%), is sprinkling upon the seedling tray bottom.
2. the preparation method of the prefabricated board-like bed soil of the said seedling cultivation of rice of claim 1 may further comprise the steps:
In rice husk: the not plump paddy of rice: straw=(3 ~ 4): (2 ~ 3): it is 5～10mm fine powder that (3 ~ 4) ratio is pulverized rice husk, the not plump paddy of rice, straw; Every 500kg mixture is stockpiled and stored after adding 0.3%～0.5% EM microbiobacterial agent and the 140 ~ 160kg water of 100～150kg; Fully become thoroughly decomposed, ferment, process fermenting mixture; According to the above ratio with fermenting mixture, perlite, the peat composed of rotten mosses, humic acids, hydrophilizing agent, the multifunctional paddy amendment mixing and stirring of growing seedlings, spray into clear water and make raw material reach extruding not loose state in flakes then, stir; Extruding in flakes, section, oven dry promptly get.
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| CN 201110232888 CN102391048B (en) | 2011-08-13 | 2011-08-13 | Prefabricated plate type seedbed soil and preparation method for raising paddy rice seedlings |
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Cited By (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN104230572A (en) * | 2014-09-23 | 2014-12-24 | 刘�英 | Industrially-produced plate-type soilless seedling-cultivating matrix and preparation method thereof |
| CN104860760A (en) * | 2015-05-27 | 2015-08-26 | 句容市茅山盛开园林有限公司 | Cercis seedling substrate and preparation method thereof |
| CN105218196A (en) * | 2015-10-28 | 2016-01-06 | 柳州市农业技术推广中心 | A kind of shrivelled kernel machine transplanting of rice seedling raising ground substance and preparation method thereof |
| CN105272482A (en) * | 2015-11-25 | 2016-01-27 | 江西农业大学 | Mechanically-transplanted rice seedling raising matrix prepared by taking composted straws as raw materials and preparation method of mechanically-transplanted rice seedling raising matrix |
| CN107556075A (en) * | 2017-08-16 | 2018-01-09 | 江苏金麦穗生态农业科技有限公司 | The preparation of rice seedlings nursery plant ash charcoal Nutrition Soil and its application process |
| CN107616067A (en) * | 2017-11-01 | 2018-01-23 | 安仁县鑫亮粮油发展有限公司 | A kind of rice is without plate seedling raising method |
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Cited By (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN104230572A (en) * | 2014-09-23 | 2014-12-24 | 刘�英 | Industrially-produced plate-type soilless seedling-cultivating matrix and preparation method thereof |
| CN104860760A (en) * | 2015-05-27 | 2015-08-26 | 句容市茅山盛开园林有限公司 | Cercis seedling substrate and preparation method thereof |
| CN105218196A (en) * | 2015-10-28 | 2016-01-06 | 柳州市农业技术推广中心 | A kind of shrivelled kernel machine transplanting of rice seedling raising ground substance and preparation method thereof |
| CN105218196B (en) * | 2015-10-28 | 2018-09-04 | 柳州市农业技术推广中心 | A kind of shrivelled kernel machine transplanting of rice seedling raising ground substance and preparation method thereof |
| CN105272482A (en) * | 2015-11-25 | 2016-01-27 | 江西农业大学 | Mechanically-transplanted rice seedling raising matrix prepared by taking composted straws as raw materials and preparation method of mechanically-transplanted rice seedling raising matrix |
| CN107556075A (en) * | 2017-08-16 | 2018-01-09 | 江苏金麦穗生态农业科技有限公司 | The preparation of rice seedlings nursery plant ash charcoal Nutrition Soil and its application process |
| CN107616067A (en) * | 2017-11-01 | 2018-01-23 | 安仁县鑫亮粮油发展有限公司 | A kind of rice is without plate seedling raising method |
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