CN102503642A - Organic and inorganic compound fertilizer special for tobaccos - Google Patents
Organic and inorganic compound fertilizer special for tobaccos Download PDFInfo
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- CN102503642A CN102503642A CN2011103357619A CN201110335761A CN102503642A CN 102503642 A CN102503642 A CN 102503642A CN 2011103357619 A CN2011103357619 A CN 2011103357619A CN 201110335761 A CN201110335761 A CN 201110335761A CN 102503642 A CN102503642 A CN 102503642A
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
- Y02W30/00—Technologies for solid waste management
- Y02W30/40—Bio-organic fraction processing; Production of fertilisers from the organic fraction of waste or refuse
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Abstract
The invention discloses an organic and inorganic compound fertilizer. By weight percentage content, the organic and inorganic compound fertilizer is prepared by rotten straws, rotten tobaccos, cake fertilizers, amino acid, potassium nitrate, potassium sulfate, ammonium dihydrogen phosphate, ammonium bicarbonate, urea, phosphatic fertilizers, ammonium molybdate, sodium borate or boracic acid, zinc sulfate and magnesium sulfate. The prepared organic and inorganic compound fertilizer contains components of organic matters, humus, amino acid, phosphorus pentoxide (P2O5), potassium oxide, nicotine, soluble total sugar and the like, and therefore the organic and inorganic compound fertilizer is led to have the advantages of promoting tobacco seedlings to survive, improving soil physical and chemical characteristics, improving nutrient balanced absorption ability, improving fertilizer use ratio, promoting tobacco plant root systems to grow, improving disease resistance and drought resistance of tobacco plants, improving tobacco leaf quality and the like. The raw materials of the organic and inorganic compound fertilizer adopt a large number of waste straws and tobacco waste materials, so that the waste straws and the tobacco waste materials are reused, and waste is changed to wealth. Therefore, the organic and inorganic compound fertilizer has remarkable economic benefit and social benefit.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of plant and use compound manure, particularly relate to a kind of tobacco special organic inorganic compound manure.
Background technology
The wide popularization and application of tobacco industry technique of balanced fertilizer has greatly promoted the raising of yield of tobacco, quality.Yet present technique of balanced fertilizer is mostly only paid attention to but having ignored the long-term application chemical fertilizer from using the angle balance tobacco plant nutrition of chemical fertilizer, Shaoshi or not organic fertilizer detrimentally affect that the tobacco-growing soil environment is caused.Add continuous cropping, do and do not pay attention to the vega soil improvement excessively, cause tobacco leaf season of growth soil permeability variation, humus content descends; Soil compaction consolidation, tobacco-growing soil environment become bad, and cigarette strain root system development is bad; The nutrition unbalanced supply-demand; Before making tobacco leaf, the growth in mid-term is slow, that the later stage is then remaining green when it is due to become yellow and ripe is late-maturing, disease serious, yield poorly, poor quality, the output of tobacco leaf, difficult quality improve.Amendements such as traditional green manuring, straw-returning, cake fertilizer, leisure crop rotation, time-consuming and economic benefit is relatively poor.
Organic fertilizer has the incomparable effect of chemical fertilizer at culture fertility with improving on the crop quality.Domestic and international development Organic farming and pollution-less agriculture are all very stressed the application of fertilizer, domestic only accurate application of organic fertilizers material of green food and the microbial fertilizer in the fertilizer standard of formulating green food, stipulated.Yet traditional organic fertilizer is big because of volume, nutrient density is low, dirty shortcoming such as smelly, and the status in fertilizer descends gradually.Simultaneously, organic waste resource waste and pollution problem of environment is but more and more outstanding, and crop straw burning, the dirt of mass-producing livestock and poultry farm excrement are advanced people's water body etc. in a large number and caused severe environmental pollution.Traditional organic fertilizer product is carried out upgrading, and the exploitation substitute products improve reclaiming organic waste and utilize level, are the important directions of domestic and international new-type fertilizer research.China is traditional organic fertilizer production and use big country, starts from the thirties in 20th century but really fertilizer is carried out systematic study.50, the sixties, technical characterstic is to sum up the peasant convention experience, improve that fertilizer is long-pending, system, protect, usefulness technology, research emphasis is the fermentation condition of During High-Temperature Composting, long-pending system method and the system of macerating and the waterlogged compost system fertilizer of barnyard manure.70, the research emphasis of the eighties is that biogas fermentation, the fertilizer fertilizer effect of using that combines with inorganic fertilizer is carried out applied basic research, has affirmed that it is the basic principle of China's fertilizer practice that organic-inorganic cooperates.Since the end of the eighties, fertilizer research begins to explore mass-producing, industrialization, commercial road, and the emphasis of research is that the straw directly returning to field technology is handled feces of livestock and poultry production commercialization composite organic-inorganic fertilizer technology with batch production.
In recent years, tobacco industry comes into effect basic vega conservation policy, and critical positions has been mentioned in the use of fertilizer in leaf tobacco production, to promoting quality of tobacco and promoting cigarette district healthy and sustainable development to have vital role.At present; The use of fertilizer and inorganic composite fertilizer separates often in the tobacco cultivation; And the available nutrient of different fertilizers and releasing rule differ greatly; Cause leaf tobacco production can't realize accurate fertilising, fertilizer and inorganic fertilizer separately use the amount of labour used that can increase fertilising simultaneously, increase the cost of labor of leaf tobacco production.The fertilizer that tobacco is used at present mainly is cake fertilizer, fermentation back feces of livestock and poultry and agricultural crop straw, because the release rate of attenuation degree and available nutrient lacks standard, causes the effect of fertilizer relatively poor.In recent years; The part producing region begins to plant organic tobacco leaf, and its fertilising all is a fertilizer, and the mu fertilising is generally more than 800kg; Part producing region consumption even reach 1500kg; The quality that promotes tobacco leaf is had more significantly effect, but often cause the output decline of tobacco leaf comparatively serious, per mu yield generally is lower than 125kg.Simultaneously, China brings into use composite organic-inorganic fertilizer in part tobacco leaf producing region, but because present most composite organic-inorganic fertilizers are produced to multi-form agriculture, certain effect is arranged on improving the soil, but be unfavorable for the lifting of quality of tobacco.Therefore; The part producing region begins to explore self-control tobacco special organic inorganic composite fertilizer, and its organic raw material mainly is the peat composed of rotten mosses and weathered coal class, carries out hybrid process with original tobacco composite fertilizer special again; Do not consider the influence that organic raw material discharges for nutrient in the inorganic composite fertilizer; Simultaneously the peat composed of rotten mosses and weathered coal class raw material all are Nonrenewable resources, and its humus content of the different place of production and component differ greatly, and receive the restriction of the quality and quantity of resource easily.Stalk and feces of livestock and poultry waste that the minority area begins to inquire into becoming thoroughly decomposed replace the peat composed of rotten mosses and weathered coal; Its method of becoming thoroughly decomposed generally takes traditional compost method to handle; Be difficult to improve the effective constituent of organic materials; And the producer that really carries out batch production processing stalk feces of livestock and poultry waste production commercialization fertilizer is also less, and industrial scale is little, efficient is low, it is more serious to pollute.
Summary of the invention
The technical problem that the present invention will solve provides a kind of tobacco special organic inorganic compound manure.Fertilizer of the present invention is the composite organic-inorganic fertilizer that is applicable to tobacco planting, row replacement or spread manuer in holes before the cigarette transplantation of seedlings, and every mu is used 300～500kg.Compound manure of the present invention has and promotes the cigarette seedling to become to live, improves soil physical and chemical property, improves nutrient stable market supply ability, improves utilization rate of fertilizer, promotes cigarette strain root system development, improves the disease resistance and the drought-resistant ability of cigarette strain and improve characteristic such as quality of tobacco.
In order to address the above problem, the technical scheme that the present invention adopts is:
The present invention provides a kind of tobacco special organic inorganic compound manure; Represent that with weight percentage said organic-inorganic compound fertilizer is processed by the stalk 40～60% that becomes thoroughly decomposed, the tobacco dead meal 10～25% that becomes thoroughly decomposed, cake fertilizer 5～10%, amino acid 0.03～0.1%, saltpetre 1～5%, vitriolate of tartar 8～14%, primary ammonium phosphate 1.5～2.5%, bicarbonate of ammonia 1～2.5%, urea 0.05～0.35%, phosphate fertilizer 3～8%, ammonium molybdate 0.01～0.07%, borax or boric acid 0.05～0.5%, zinc sulfate 0.5～1.5% and sal epsom 0.5～1.5%.
According to above-mentioned tobacco special organic inorganic compound manure, the water ratio of the said stalk that becomes thoroughly decomposed is 20～22%; The water ratio of the said tobacco dead meal that becomes thoroughly decomposed is 20～22%; The water ratio of said cake fertilizer is 5～8%.
According to above-mentioned tobacco special organic inorganic compound manure; The said stalk that becomes thoroughly decomposed is prepared from following method: at first wheat stalk, rice straw or corn straw are pulverized, the particle diameter of pulverizing the back stalk is 2～5cm, and it is 55～60% that the stalk after pulverizing is regulated moisture content; Add then and account for the urea of stalk weight 1～2% and the agent of becoming thoroughly decomposed that accounts for stalk weight 3～7 ‰; Stir, stacking is macerated system, its stacking volume＞15m
3, whenever turned over buttress once behind the stacking at a distance from 15 days, during day samming＞10 ℃, it is 60～80 days that stacking is macerated the system time, and day samming is in the time of 5～10 ℃, and it is 80～100 days that stacking is macerated the system time, and stacking obtains the stalk that becomes thoroughly decomposed after macerating system.
According to above-mentioned tobacco special organic inorganic compound manure; The said tobacco dead meal that becomes thoroughly decomposed is prepared from following method: at first the tobacco leaf that can't toast, fireworks, axillalry bud or the tobacco rod that produce in the leaf tobacco production process are pulverized; The particle diameter of crushing rear material is 2～5cm, and the material after pulverizing is carried out airing, after the airing in the material moisture content be 55～60%; Add then and account for the urea of weight of material 1～2% and the agent of becoming thoroughly decomposed that accounts for weight of material 3～7 ‰; Stir, stacking is macerated system, its stacking volume＞15m
3, whenever turned over buttress once behind the stacking at a distance from 15 days, during day samming＞10 ℃, it is 60～80 days that stacking is macerated the system time, and day samming is in the time of 5～10 ℃, and it is 80～100 days that stacking is macerated the system time, and stacking is macerated and is obtained becoming thoroughly decomposed the tobacco dead meal after the system.
According to above-mentioned tobacco special organic inorganic compound manure, the said agent of becoming thoroughly decomposed is HM that the permanent grand attitude biotechnology limited-liability company in Hebi, Henan the produces agent of becoming thoroughly decomposed.
A kind of preparation method of tobacco special organic inorganic compound manure, said preparation method may further comprise the steps:
A, prepare various raw materials according to the proportioning ratio of above-mentioned tobacco special organic inorganic compound manure; The stalk that at first will become thoroughly decomposed carries out moisture adjusting and sterilization with the tobacco dead meal that becomes thoroughly decomposed; Two kinds of raw materials are regulated moisture to 38～42%; Through 250 ℃ of high-temperature sterilization 10～15min, moisture to 20～22% is regulated in the sterilization back;
B, become thoroughly decomposed stalk and the tobacco dead meal that becomes thoroughly decomposed that step a is regulated behind the moisture are pulverized respectively; Sieve through 1mm, 2mm successively; Again sieve after the pulverizing of＞2mm, making its particle diameter after the screening is 70～75% at 1mm with the shared weight percentage of interior raw material, and the shared weight percent of the raw material that becomes thoroughly decomposed of particle diameter＞2mm is＜5%; The stalk that becomes thoroughly decomposed after pulverizing is mixed with the tobacco dead meal that becomes thoroughly decomposed, obtain mixing the raw material that becomes thoroughly decomposed;
C, then that amino acid, ammonium molybdate, urea, zinc sulfate, sal epsom is soluble in water; Part by weight between the add-on of amino acid, ammonium molybdate, urea, zinc sulfate and five kinds of material gross weights of sal epsom and water is 1:8～12; Obtain mixing solutions after the dissolving; Mixing solutions is sprayed uniformly on raw material is become thoroughly decomposed in the mixing that step b obtains, dry naturally, obtain mixture after drying to water ratio＜25%;
D, other raw materials are mixed with the mixture that step c obtains, stir, regulate moisture to product requirement, perhaps carry out granulation, diameter is less than 5mm after the granulation.
The raw material that the present invention adopts: the amino acid kind is not less than 15 kinds; Nitrogen content is 12～14% in the saltpetre, potassium content is 34～39%; Potassium content is 38～44% in the vitriolate of tartar; Phosphorus content is 23～27% in the primary ammonium phosphate, nitrogen content is 10～12%; Nitrogen content is 15～17% in the bicarbonate of ammonia; Nitrogen content is 40～46% in the urea; Phosphorus content is 10～15% in the phosphate fertilizer; The purity of ammonium molybdate＞90%; The purity of borax or boric acid＞95%; The purity of zinc sulfate＞95%; The purity of sal epsom＞95%.
Positive beneficial effect of the present invention:
1, through detecting; Contain multiple composition in the tobacco special organic inorganic compound manure of the present invention, the content of each composition is: organic content 40～60%, humus content 8～12%; Aminoacids content 0.03～0.1%, (wherein nitrate nitrogen content 0.08～0.25% for total nitrogen content 0.9～2%; Ammonium nitrogen content 0.3～0.7%; Urea content 0.05～0.35%), P
2O
5Content 2～6%, K
2O content 5～10%, plant insecticide (nicotine) content 0.01～0.05%, solubility total sugar content 0.3～0.8%.The various compositions that contain in the compound manure of the present invention have it to promote the cigarette seedling to become to live, improve soil physical and chemical property, improve nutrient stable market supply ability, improve utilization rate of fertilizer, promote cigarette strain root system development, improve the disease resistance and the drought-resistant ability of cigarette strain and improve advantage such as quality of tobacco.
2, tobacco special organic inorganic compound manure of the present invention is chosen resourceful crop material in tobacco leaf producing region and tobacco waste material; The crop material of choosing that becomes thoroughly decomposed has the humus content height; Nitrogen there is higher adsorption, the release of potassium, phosphorus in the soil is had characteristics such as promoter action; The tobacco waste material of choosing that becomes thoroughly decomposed has the humus content height, particularly contains micromolecular organic acid and soluble polypeptide, can promote the growth of cigarette strain root system in early stage; Contain higher soluble sugar in the raw material, help promoting the quick breeding of middle mikrobe on every side of cigarette strain in early stage root system, promotion helps the raising of the microbial population of tobacco leaf growth; Contain plant insecticide nicotine in the raw material, can alleviate the insect pest of transplanting back cigarette seedling; Contain the grow trace element of needed multiple available state of cigarette strain in the raw material, can promote the balance of cigarette strain mineral nutrition.
3, tobacco special organic inorganic compound manure of the present invention is taked the modularization prescription, can remedy the defective of soil according to the soil characteristic of different areas.The present invention has taken into full account tobacco to the ionic forms demand of mineral nutrition absorption and the mutual promoting action between the different shape nutrient, to the characteristics of demand of China tobacco leaf major production areas to trace element, has replenished trace element targetedly; Selected mineral manure and organic materials have mutual promoting action, can improve the utilization ratio of mineral manure.
4, the tobacco waste material is one of main pathogen in cigarette district, is one of limiting factor of restriction cigarette district healthy and sustainable development, the treatment process that deep layer was buried after the cigarette district mainly adopted burning or adds unslaked lime at present.And adopted a large amount of tobacco waste material among the present invention; Be used for replacing the peat composed of rotten mosses in the present tobacco special organic inorganic composite fertilizer; Not only solve a large amount of use Nonrenewable resources and destroyed the problem of ecotope; And solved the problem that a large amount of tobacco waste material rot to destroy ecological environment of soil naturally, and its a large amount of tobacco waste material are utilized again, turn waste into wealth.In addition, adopted a large amount of discarded stalks in the raw material that compound manure of the present invention adopts, a kind of new way is provided for utilizing stalk more again.Thereby the present invention not only has remarkable economic efficiency, and has remarkable social benefit.
Four, embodiment:
Embodiment 1:
Tobacco special organic inorganic compound manure of the present invention; Represent that with weight percentage said organic-inorganic compound fertilizer is processed by the stalk 46.5% that becomes thoroughly decomposed, the tobacco dead meal 25% that becomes thoroughly decomposed, cake fertilizer 8%, amino acid 0.03%, saltpetre 1%, vitriolate of tartar 12%, primary ammonium phosphate 1.6%, bicarbonate of ammonia 0.6%, urea 0.05%, phosphate fertilizer 3.5%, ammonium molybdate 0.05%, borax 0.1%, zinc sulfate 0.6% and sal epsom 0.97%.
The preparation method of the said stalk that becomes thoroughly decomposed is: at first wheat stalk and rice straw are pulverized; The particle diameter of pulverizing the back stalk is 2～5cm; It is 55～60% that stalk after pulverizing is regulated moisture content, adds urea that accounts for stalk weight 1.5% and the agent of becoming thoroughly decomposed that accounts for stalk weight 5 ‰ (HM that the permanent grand attitude biotechnology limited-liability company in Hebi, Henan produces become thoroughly decomposed agent) then, stirs; Stacking is macerated system, its stacking volume＞15m
3, whenever turned over buttress once behind the stacking at a distance from 15 days, during day samming＞10 ℃, it is 60～80 days that stacking is macerated the system time, and day samming is in the time of 5～10 ℃, and it is 80～100 days that stacking is macerated the system time, and stacking obtains the stalk that becomes thoroughly decomposed after macerating system.
The preparation method of the said tobacco dead meal that becomes thoroughly decomposed is: at first the tobacco leaf that can't toast, fireworks and the tobacco rod that produce in the leaf tobacco production process are pulverized; The particle diameter of crushing rear material is 2～5cm; Material after pulverizing is carried out airing; After the airing in the material moisture content be 55～60%, add the urea account for weight of material 1.5% and the agent of becoming thoroughly decomposed that accounts for weight of material 6 ‰ (HM that the permanent grand attitude biotechnology limited-liability company in Hebi, Henan produces become thoroughly decomposed agent) then, stir; Stacking is macerated system, its stacking volume＞15m
3, whenever turned over buttress once behind the stacking at a distance from 15 days, during day samming＞10 ℃, it is 60～80 days that stacking is macerated the system time, and day samming is in the time of 5～10 ℃, and it is 80～100 days that stacking is macerated the system time, and stacking is macerated and is obtained becoming thoroughly decomposed the tobacco dead meal after the system.
The preparation method of tobacco special organic inorganic compound manure of the present invention, said preparing method's detailed step is following:
A, prepare various raw materials according to the proportioning ratio of above-mentioned tobacco special organic inorganic compound manure; The stalk that at first will become thoroughly decomposed carries out moisture adjusting and sterilization with the tobacco dead meal that becomes thoroughly decomposed; Two kinds of raw materials are regulated moisture to 38～42%; Through 250 ℃ of high-temperature sterilization 10～15min, moisture to 20～22% is regulated in the sterilization back;
B, become thoroughly decomposed stalk and the tobacco dead meal that becomes thoroughly decomposed that step a is regulated behind the moisture are pulverized respectively; Sieve through 1mm, 2mm successively; Again sieve after the pulverizing of＞2mm, making its particle diameter after the screening is 70～75% at 1mm with the shared weight percentage of interior raw material, and the shared weight percent of the raw material that becomes thoroughly decomposed of particle diameter＞2mm is＜5%; The stalk that becomes thoroughly decomposed after pulverizing is mixed with the tobacco dead meal that becomes thoroughly decomposed, obtain mixing the raw material that becomes thoroughly decomposed;
C, then that amino acid, ammonium molybdate, urea, zinc sulfate, sal epsom is soluble in water; Part by weight between the add-on of amino acid, ammonium molybdate, urea, zinc sulfate and five kinds of material gross weights of sal epsom and water is 1:10; Obtain mixing solutions after the dissolving; Mixing solutions is sprayed uniformly on raw material is become thoroughly decomposed in the mixing that step b obtains, dry naturally, obtain mixture after drying to water ratio＜25%;
D, other raw materials are mixed with the mixture that step c obtains, stir, regulate moisture to product requirement, perhaps carry out granulation, diameter is less than 5mm after the granulation.
Embodiment 2: basic identical with embodiment 1, difference is:
Tobacco special organic inorganic compound manure of the present invention; Represent that with weight percentage said organic-inorganic compound fertilizer is processed by the stalk 40% that becomes thoroughly decomposed, the tobacco dead meal 24% that becomes thoroughly decomposed, cake fertilizer 6.5%, amino acid 0.04%, saltpetre 5%, vitriolate of tartar 10%, primary ammonium phosphate 2.5%, bicarbonate of ammonia 2.0%, urea 0.15%, phosphate fertilizer 7%, ammonium molybdate 0.07%, boric acid 0.2%, zinc sulfate 1.2% and sal epsom 1.34%.
The preparation method of the said stalk that becomes thoroughly decomposed and embodiment 1 difference are: at first corn straw and rice straw are pulverized, added accounting for the urea of stalk weight 2% and the agent of becoming thoroughly decomposed that accounts for stalk weight 7 ‰ then.
The preparation method of the said tobacco dead meal that becomes thoroughly decomposed and embodiment 1 difference are: at first the tobacco leaf that can't toast, fireworks, axillalry bud and the tobacco rod that produce in the leaf tobacco production process are pulverized, added accounting for the urea of weight of material 1% and the agent of becoming thoroughly decomposed that accounts for weight of material 4.5 ‰ then.
The preparation method of tobacco special organic inorganic compound manure of the present invention is with embodiment 1.
Embodiment 3: basic identical with embodiment 1, difference is:
Tobacco special organic inorganic compound manure of the present invention; Represent that with weight percentage said organic-inorganic compound fertilizer is processed by the stalk 44% that becomes thoroughly decomposed, the tobacco dead meal 20% that becomes thoroughly decomposed, cake fertilizer 10%, amino acid 0.05%, saltpetre 4%, vitriolate of tartar 9%, primary ammonium phosphate 2.0%, bicarbonate of ammonia 1.5%, urea 0.34%, phosphate fertilizer 6.5%, ammonium molybdate 0.01%, borax 0.3%, zinc sulfate 1.0% and sal epsom 1.3%.
The preparation method of the said stalk that becomes thoroughly decomposed and embodiment 1 difference are: at first corn straw and wheat stalk are pulverized, added accounting for the urea of stalk weight 1% and the agent of becoming thoroughly decomposed that accounts for stalk weight 3 ‰ then.
The preparation method of the said tobacco dead meal that becomes thoroughly decomposed and embodiment 1 difference are: at first the tobacco leaf that can't toast and the tobacco rod that produce in the leaf tobacco production process are pulverized, added accounting for the urea of weight of material 2% and the agent of becoming thoroughly decomposed that accounts for weight of material 7 ‰ then.
The preparation method of tobacco special organic inorganic compound manure of the present invention is with embodiment 1.
Embodiment 4: basic identical with embodiment 1, difference is:
Tobacco special organic inorganic compound manure of the present invention; Represent that with weight percentage said organic-inorganic compound fertilizer is processed by the stalk 56.3% that becomes thoroughly decomposed, the tobacco dead meal 12% that becomes thoroughly decomposed, cake fertilizer 9%, amino acid 0.04%, saltpetre 3%, vitriolate of tartar 9%, primary ammonium phosphate 1.5%, bicarbonate of ammonia 1%, urea 0.14%, phosphate fertilizer 6%, ammonium molybdate 0.02%, boric acid 0.2%, zinc sulfate 0.8% and sal epsom 1.0%.
The preparation method of the said stalk that becomes thoroughly decomposed and embodiment 1 difference are: at first wheat stalk, corn straw and rice straw are pulverized, added accounting for the urea of stalk weight 2% and the agent of becoming thoroughly decomposed that accounts for stalk weight 6 ‰ then.
The preparation method of the said tobacco dead meal that becomes thoroughly decomposed and embodiment 1 difference are: at first the tobacco leaf that can't toast, axillalry bud and the tobacco rod that produce in the leaf tobacco production process are pulverized, added accounting for the urea of weight of material 1.5% and the agent of becoming thoroughly decomposed that accounts for weight of material 6 ‰ then.
The preparation method of tobacco special organic inorganic compound manure of the present invention is with embodiment 1.
The experiment comparing result of above-mentioned embodiment:
1, N, P in the embodiment of the invention 1 compound manure
2O
5, K
2Mass ratio between the O three is 1.09:2.14:7.34, is applicable to area in the Henan, Henan, and 300kg is used in every mu of ground suggestion.The contrast result on trial of the embodiment of the invention 1 compound manure and existing fertilizer sees table 1 and table 2 for details.
Table 1 mineral manure consumption (Henan)
Table 2 yield of tobacco and the output value and hierarchical organization (Henan)
2, N, P in the embodiment of the invention 2 compound manure
2O
5, K
2Mass ratio between the O three is 1.99:3.46:8.09, is applicable to that the western Hunan, Hunan is short of rain, soil quick-effective phosphor and the lower area of quick-acting potassium content, and 300～350kg is used in every mu of ground suggestion.The contrast result on trial of the embodiment of the invention 2 compound manure and existing fertilizer sees table 3 and table 4 for details.
Table 3 mineral manure consumption (Yongshun, Hunan)
Table 4 yield of tobacco and the output value and hierarchical organization (Yongshun, Hunan)
3, the present invention implements N, P in 3 compound manure
2O
5, K
2Mass ratio between the O three is 1.91:3.05:7.17, is applicable to Xiang Nan area of heavy rainfull, Hunan, and 400kg is used in every mu of ground suggestion.The contrast result on trial of the embodiment of the invention 3 compound manure and existing fertilizer sees table 5 and table 6 for details.
Table 5 mineral manure consumption (Guiyang, Hunan)
Table 6 yield of tobacco and the output value and hierarchical organization (Guiyang, Hunan)
4, N, P in the embodiment of the invention 4 compound manure
2O
5, K
2Mass ratio between the O three is 1.44:2.60:6.66, is applicable to Xiang Nan area of heavy rainfull, Hunan, and 450kg is used in every mu of ground suggestion.The contrast result on trial of the embodiment of the invention 4 compound manure and existing fertilizer sees table 7 and table 8 for details.
Table 7 mineral manure consumption (liuyang hunan)
Table 8 yield of tobacco and the output value and hierarchical organization (liuyang hunan)
Claims (6)
1. tobacco special organic inorganic compound manure; It is characterized in that: represent that with weight percentage said organic-inorganic compound fertilizer is processed by the stalk 40～60% that becomes thoroughly decomposed, the tobacco dead meal 10～25% that becomes thoroughly decomposed, cake fertilizer 5～10%, amino acid 0.03～0.1%, saltpetre 1～5%, vitriolate of tartar 8～14%, primary ammonium phosphate 1.5～2.5%, bicarbonate of ammonia 1～2.5%, urea 0.05～0.35%, phosphate fertilizer 3～8%, ammonium molybdate 0.01～0.07%, borax or boric acid 0.05～0.5%, zinc sulfate 0.5～1.5% and sal epsom 0.5～1.5%.
2. tobacco special organic inorganic compound manure according to claim 1 is characterized in that: the water ratio of the said stalk that becomes thoroughly decomposed is 20～22%; The water ratio of the said tobacco dead meal that becomes thoroughly decomposed is 20～22%; The water ratio of said cake fertilizer is 5～8%.
3. tobacco special organic inorganic compound manure according to claim 1 is characterized in that, the said stalk that becomes thoroughly decomposed is prepared from following method: at first wheat stalk, rice straw or corn straw are pulverized; The particle diameter of pulverizing the back stalk is 2～5cm; It is 55～60% that stalk after pulverizing is regulated moisture content, adds accounting for the urea of stalk weight 1～2% and the agent of becoming thoroughly decomposed that accounts for stalk weight 3～7 ‰ then, stirs; Stacking is macerated system, its stacking volume＞15m
3, whenever turned over buttress once behind the stacking at a distance from 15 days, during day samming＞10 ℃, it is 60～80 days that stacking is macerated the system time, and day samming is in the time of 5～10 ℃, and it is 80～100 days that stacking is macerated the system time, and stacking obtains the stalk that becomes thoroughly decomposed after macerating system.
4. tobacco special organic inorganic compound manure according to claim 1; It is characterized in that the said tobacco dead meal that becomes thoroughly decomposed is prepared from following method: at first the tobacco leaf that can't toast, fireworks, axillalry bud or the tobacco rod that produce in the leaf tobacco production process are pulverized, the particle diameter of crushing rear material is 2～5cm; Material after pulverizing is carried out airing; After the airing in the material moisture content be 55～60%, add accounting for the urea of weight of material 1～2% and the agent of becoming thoroughly decomposed that accounts for weight of material 3～7 ‰ then, stir; Stacking is macerated system, its stacking volume＞15m
3, whenever turned over buttress once behind the stacking at a distance from 15 days, during day samming＞10 ℃, it is 60～80 days that stacking is macerated the system time, and day samming is in the time of 5～10 ℃, and it is 80～100 days that stacking is macerated the system time, and stacking is macerated and is obtained becoming thoroughly decomposed the tobacco dead meal after the system.
5. according to claim 3 or 4 described tobacco special organic inorganic compound manure, it is characterized in that: the said agent of becoming thoroughly decomposed is HM that the permanent grand attitude biotechnology limited-liability company in Hebi, Henan the produces agent of becoming thoroughly decomposed.
6. the preparation method of a tobacco special organic inorganic compound manure is characterized in that, said preparation method may further comprise the steps:
A, prepare various raw materials according to the proportioning ratio of the said tobacco special organic inorganic compound manure of claim 1; The stalk that at first will become thoroughly decomposed carries out moisture adjusting and sterilization with the tobacco dead meal that becomes thoroughly decomposed; Two kinds of raw materials are regulated moisture to 38～42%; Through 250 ℃ of high-temperature sterilization 10～15min, moisture to 20～22% is regulated in the sterilization back;
B, become thoroughly decomposed stalk and the tobacco dead meal that becomes thoroughly decomposed that step a is regulated behind the moisture are pulverized respectively; Sieve through 1mm, 2mm successively; Again sieve after the pulverizing of＞2mm, making its particle diameter after the screening is 70～75% at 1mm with the shared weight percentage of interior raw material, and the shared weight percent of the raw material that becomes thoroughly decomposed of particle diameter＞2mm is＜5%; The stalk that becomes thoroughly decomposed after pulverizing is mixed with the tobacco dead meal that becomes thoroughly decomposed, obtain mixing the raw material that becomes thoroughly decomposed;
C, then that amino acid, ammonium molybdate, urea, zinc sulfate, sal epsom is soluble in water; Part by weight between the add-on of amino acid, ammonium molybdate, urea, zinc sulfate and five kinds of material gross weights of sal epsom and water is 1:8～12; Obtain mixing solutions after the dissolving; Mixing solutions is sprayed uniformly on raw material is become thoroughly decomposed in the mixing that step b obtains, dry naturally, obtain mixture after drying to water ratio＜25%;
D, other raw materials are mixed with the mixture that step c obtains, stir, regulate moisture to product requirement, perhaps carry out granulation, diameter is less than 5mm after the granulation.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201110335761.9A CN102503642B (en) | 2011-10-31 | 2011-10-31 | Preparation method of organic and inorganic compound fertilizer special for tobaccos |
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Cited By (20)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102731193A (en) * | 2012-07-13 | 2012-10-17 | 凉山金叶废弃烟草集中销毁环保科技有限公司 | Biological organic fertilizer |
| CN102850145A (en) * | 2012-09-28 | 2013-01-02 | 王自刚 | Special fertilizer for tobaccos |
| CN103467213A (en) * | 2013-09-10 | 2013-12-25 | 安徽省成仓复合肥有限公司 | Fertilizer applicable to tobacco and preparation method thereof |
| CN103641585A (en) * | 2013-11-06 | 2014-03-19 | 马鞍山科邦生态肥有限公司 | A fertilizer suitable for tobacco and a preparation method thereof |
| CN103708872A (en) * | 2013-12-06 | 2014-04-09 | 广西科技大学 | Tobacco crop composite fertilizer |
| CN104025790A (en) * | 2014-06-04 | 2014-09-10 | 丽江市土壤肥料工作站 | Method for fertilizer application in arid areas in earlier stage of flue-cured tobacco field planting |
| CN104045414A (en) * | 2013-03-13 | 2014-09-17 | 湖南省中科农业有限公司 | Special novel blending fertilizer for tobacco, and preparation method thereof |
| CN104206185A (en) * | 2014-08-18 | 2014-12-17 | 桐城市景艺苗木有限公司 | Seedling grafting method |
| CN105061053A (en) * | 2015-08-05 | 2015-11-18 | 马鞍山科邦生态肥有限公司 | Organic fertilizer for promoting straw decomposition and preparation method therefor |
| CN105085090A (en) * | 2015-09-23 | 2015-11-25 | 贵州省烟草公司毕节市公司 | Fertilizer suitable for tobacco fields in karst regions and application |
| CN105110998A (en) * | 2015-10-12 | 2015-12-02 | 陈薇 | Special high-efficiency fertilizer for tobacco planting and preparation method of fertilizer |
| CN105130590A (en) * | 2015-08-05 | 2015-12-09 | 马鞍山科邦生态肥有限公司 | Inorganic nutrient fertilizer combined with straw decomposing agent and preparation method thereof |
| CN105850330A (en) * | 2016-04-18 | 2016-08-17 | 湖南农业大学 | Fertilizing method for lowering infection rates of wildfire disease and mosaic disease of tobacco leaves and improving drought resistance of flue-cured tobacco |
| CN106045759A (en) * | 2016-05-30 | 2016-10-26 | 李红喜 | Microbial organic fertilizer for soil restoration |
| CN106278644A (en) * | 2016-08-22 | 2017-01-04 | 贵州智慧山地农业发展研究院 | A kind of improve potassium content of tobacco leaf containing microorganism slowly available potassium fertilizer preparation technology |
| CN106733096A (en) * | 2016-12-29 | 2017-05-31 | 广西北部湾制药股份有限公司 | Tobacco leaf planting fertilizer |
| CN106747770A (en) * | 2016-11-18 | 2017-05-31 | 安徽省农业科学院烟草研究所 | A kind of Tobacco-rice rotation special potassium fertilizer and its anniversary one-time use method |
| CN106866274A (en) * | 2017-03-29 | 2017-06-20 | 长沙绿丰源生物有机肥料有限公司 | Fertilizer special for tobacco |
| CN108056001A (en) * | 2017-12-06 | 2018-05-22 | 湖南省烟草公司郴州市公司 | Two-section type tobacco seedling raising nutrient soil and preparation method thereof |
| CN108947605A (en) * | 2018-10-24 | 2018-12-07 | 湖南农业大学 | A kind of tobacco organic fertilizer and preparation method thereof |
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| CN102093095A (en) * | 2010-08-31 | 2011-06-15 | 云南中烟工业公司 | Biological organic fertilizer special for organic tobacco leaves and preparation method thereof |
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Cited By (23)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102731193A (en) * | 2012-07-13 | 2012-10-17 | 凉山金叶废弃烟草集中销毁环保科技有限公司 | Biological organic fertilizer |
| CN102731193B (en) * | 2012-07-13 | 2014-05-07 | 凉山金叶废弃烟草集中销毁环保科技有限公司 | Biological organic fertilizer |
| CN102850145A (en) * | 2012-09-28 | 2013-01-02 | 王自刚 | Special fertilizer for tobaccos |
| CN102850145B (en) * | 2012-09-28 | 2014-04-09 | 王自刚 | Special fertilizer for tobaccos |
| CN104045414A (en) * | 2013-03-13 | 2014-09-17 | 湖南省中科农业有限公司 | Special novel blending fertilizer for tobacco, and preparation method thereof |
| CN103467213A (en) * | 2013-09-10 | 2013-12-25 | 安徽省成仓复合肥有限公司 | Fertilizer applicable to tobacco and preparation method thereof |
| CN103641585A (en) * | 2013-11-06 | 2014-03-19 | 马鞍山科邦生态肥有限公司 | A fertilizer suitable for tobacco and a preparation method thereof |
| CN103708872A (en) * | 2013-12-06 | 2014-04-09 | 广西科技大学 | Tobacco crop composite fertilizer |
| CN104025790A (en) * | 2014-06-04 | 2014-09-10 | 丽江市土壤肥料工作站 | Method for fertilizer application in arid areas in earlier stage of flue-cured tobacco field planting |
| CN104206185A (en) * | 2014-08-18 | 2014-12-17 | 桐城市景艺苗木有限公司 | Seedling grafting method |
| CN105061053A (en) * | 2015-08-05 | 2015-11-18 | 马鞍山科邦生态肥有限公司 | Organic fertilizer for promoting straw decomposition and preparation method therefor |
| CN105130590A (en) * | 2015-08-05 | 2015-12-09 | 马鞍山科邦生态肥有限公司 | Inorganic nutrient fertilizer combined with straw decomposing agent and preparation method thereof |
| CN105085090A (en) * | 2015-09-23 | 2015-11-25 | 贵州省烟草公司毕节市公司 | Fertilizer suitable for tobacco fields in karst regions and application |
| CN105110998A (en) * | 2015-10-12 | 2015-12-02 | 陈薇 | Special high-efficiency fertilizer for tobacco planting and preparation method of fertilizer |
| CN105850330A (en) * | 2016-04-18 | 2016-08-17 | 湖南农业大学 | Fertilizing method for lowering infection rates of wildfire disease and mosaic disease of tobacco leaves and improving drought resistance of flue-cured tobacco |
| CN105850330B (en) * | 2016-04-18 | 2019-05-21 | 湖南农业大学 | It is a kind of reduce tobacco leaf wildfire, tobacco mosaic disease and catch an illness rate and improve the fertilizing method of flue-cured tobacco drought resistance |
| CN106045759A (en) * | 2016-05-30 | 2016-10-26 | 李红喜 | Microbial organic fertilizer for soil restoration |
| CN106278644A (en) * | 2016-08-22 | 2017-01-04 | 贵州智慧山地农业发展研究院 | A kind of improve potassium content of tobacco leaf containing microorganism slowly available potassium fertilizer preparation technology |
| CN106747770A (en) * | 2016-11-18 | 2017-05-31 | 安徽省农业科学院烟草研究所 | A kind of Tobacco-rice rotation special potassium fertilizer and its anniversary one-time use method |
| CN106733096A (en) * | 2016-12-29 | 2017-05-31 | 广西北部湾制药股份有限公司 | Tobacco leaf planting fertilizer |
| CN106866274A (en) * | 2017-03-29 | 2017-06-20 | 长沙绿丰源生物有机肥料有限公司 | Fertilizer special for tobacco |
| CN108056001A (en) * | 2017-12-06 | 2018-05-22 | 湖南省烟草公司郴州市公司 | Two-section type tobacco seedling raising nutrient soil and preparation method thereof |
| CN108947605A (en) * | 2018-10-24 | 2018-12-07 | 湖南农业大学 | A kind of tobacco organic fertilizer and preparation method thereof |
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