CN104686320A - Cultivation method of aromatic high-quality rice sterile line - Google Patents
Cultivation method of aromatic high-quality rice sterile line Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a cultivation method of an aromatic high-quality rice sterile line. A restorer line with Yunnan japonica rice gene and other different restorer lines are selected to conduct hybridization, a sterile plant is screened out from F2 generation, the sterile plant and the restorer line are test crossed, and the aromatic high-quality rice sterile line is obtained through backcrossing conservation breeding. According to the cultivation method of the aromatic high-quality rice sterile line, the rice variety with the Yunnan japonica rice gene or the restorer line is taken as a parent to conduct cross breeding with a hybrid rice restorer line with good characters, and the sterile plant in progeny is screened out from the F2 generation; by means of the method of the backcross, a rice sterile line which is high in sterile degree, good in restorability, good in character and stable in inheritance is bred. By means of the cultivation method of the aromatic high-quality rice sterile line, the restorer line with the Yunnan japonica rice gene is required by the sterile cytoplasm parent, a container line has big ears and big grains, sterile line sterile degree of transform breeding reaches to over 99.5%, percentage of chalky rice of the bred sterile line is within 10%, and the fragrance is achieved.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of breeding method of odor type high-grade rice male sterile line, belong to rice breeding field.
Background technology
Paddy rice is the cereal crops that maximum, the total product of China's sowing area is maximum, per unit area yield is the highest, consumer groups are the widest, consumption figure is maximum, is responsible for the important task ensureing China's grain security.China hybrid rice accounts for the half of the paddy rice gross area, and output accounts for more than 60% of paddy rice gross yield.Hybrid rice is the hybrid vigour utilized between male sterile line and restorer, and the key of breeding success or failure is innovation and the improvement of material.Make a general survey of China's rice breeding history and current situation, breeding wheat for semidwarfness and three be, the breakthrough of double-linear hybrid rice, none is not the discovery and the application that come from new germ plasm.There is the report of the different sterile cytoplasm of kind more than 60 both at home and abroad, it is wherein domestic that to have with Zhenshan 97a be the wild abortion type sterile cytoplasm of representative, the print water type sterile cytoplasm being representative with II-32A, the red lotus type sterile cytoplasm being representative with the safe A in Guangdong take Gang No.46A as the ridge type sterile cytoplasm etc. of representative.Different cytoplasmic sterile line be in succession bred as and group gas-mixing hybridization Combination application in production, for tremendous contribution has been made in China's increases in grain production.
The nineties in last century, China hybrid rice produce face low yield before and the general deviation two of rice quality challenge greatly, studying carefully its main cause is that breeding material hereditary basis is narrow, and coordinate force does not have large breakthrough; Be widely used in the limiting factors such as the ubiquity such as CMS line Zhenshan 97a, V20A, Gang No.46A, the K17A chalk rice rate of the different kytoplasms produced is higher and gel consistence is partially hard, phenanthrene changes the minority male sterile line such as A, middle 9A, golden 23A can make meter matter preferably kind, but the person that can not meet market and consumption is far away to the demand of rice quality.The development of China's Rice Production must walk high yield and high-quality organically combines, the road of coordinated development.The main cause of further analysis hybrid rice rice quality difference be caused by male sterile line inferior quality; Restorer quality is relatively excellent, selects high-quality restorer also relatively easy, realize the high quality of hybrid rice, and the seed selection of good quality male sterile line is crucial.The appetite of fragrance to rice mouthfeel, people has material impact.On the high-grade rice market in the world, the product being representative with Thailand's High quality sweet rice is in occupation of critical role, although visible fragrance is not the certainty index of grain quality rice, dulcet fine quality rice really can better meet the demand of people.But still lack at present and cultivating the research in odor type high-grade rice male sterile line.
Summary of the invention
Object of the present invention is just for above-mentioned the deficiencies in the prior art, provides a kind of breeding method of odor type high-grade rice male sterile line, to improve the quality of rice sterile line.
To achieve these goals, the technical solution used in the present invention is such:
Select that there is the restorer of the Yunnan japonica rice blood relationship restorer different from other to hybridize, from F
2filter out sterile strain in generation, by this sterile strain and maintainer test cross, the conservation that backcrosses breeding obtains odor type high-grade rice male sterile line.This maintainer should have the feature of high-quality, fragrance, the large large grain of fringe.
Be specially, to prepare reciprocal cross more than 50, at F with ten thousand extensive 88 of Yunnan japonica rice relationship with the High quality and diseases resistance restorer such as extensive 92-4, interior extensive 94-4, interior extensive 94-11 in self-fertile
2filter out sterile strain in generation, select the large grain of N7B(self-fertile, high biological yield) maintainer test cross, the conservation that backcrosses is bred.
The present invention is at combination of reestablishing diplomatic relations with ten thousand extensive 88(of the band Yunnan japonica rice relationship introduced from Wan County, Chongqing institute of agricultural sciences (existing Three Gorges, the Chongqing institute of agricultural sciences) " 704(Yunnan Xian round-grained rice osculant seed rice, partially round-grained rice band awns)/IR1544//ten thousand in No. 3 ") and the High quality and diseases resistance restorer such as interior extensive 92-4, interior extensive 94-4, interior extensive 94-11 of self-fertile prepares reciprocal cross, seed selection new restorer line time, creationary at " in ten thousand extensive 88/ extensive 92-4 " extensive × extensive F
2isolate in 500 strains that a large amount of strain is short and small, Bao Jing, pollen abortion sterile plant, its cauline leaf, grain characters are similar to other segregation populations, therefore judge that these two parts of material hybridization may create " core, matter " contradiction and cause pollen abortion, there is the possibility that transformation new three is cytoplasmic male sterile line, therefore the sterile strain that wherein abortion is good is selected, with the large grain of self-fertile wild abortion type maintainer NJ7B(, high biological yield), NJ2B and Zhenshan 97B test cross, all keep abortion, select self-fertile N7B(original name NJ7B) breeding of continuous backcross conservation.
Utilize the technology such as PAGE electrophoresis, agarose gel electrophoresis and cloning and sequencing to carry out research to male sterile line mitochondrial genomes of the present invention to find, its male sterile line mitochondrial genomes PCR banding pattern and wild abortion type (WA), print water type (II A), D type (Di), ridge type (GA) there are differences, by online software WBlast2 comparison, in the male maintainer of ten thousand extensive 88 types (88A) rice cytoplasmics, fragrant 2B and male sterile line of the present invention there occurs the 57th G → T, the 100th T → C, the 161st C → T 3 point mutation on obtained 667bp fragment length.88 type paddy rice neoplasm male sterile are due to the sudden change of male sterile line mitochondrial atp6 core promoter region origination point, cause atp6 gene can not normal transcription, cause mitochondria energy supply not enough, finally cause pollen abortion.Therefore infer the present invention male sterile molecule mechanism may from wild abortion type (WA), print water type (II A), D type (Di), ridge type (GA) male sterile line Abortion process are different, belong to new male sterile cytoplasm, temporary called after 88 type sterile cytoplasm, is called for short 88A.
Cytoplasmic male sterility is a kind of maternal inheritance shape being subject to cell nucleus and cytoplasmic inheritance material two ore control, is the basis of hybrid vigour extensive use, especially plays critical effect to the heterotic extensive use of self pollination crop.Excavate the emphasis that new sterile cytoplasm is breeding of hybridized rice always, major contribution has been made in the initiative of new sterile cytoplasm male sterile line and the development being applied as hybrid rice.
For the breeding goal of existing Problems existing and formulation, the present invention is by utilizing new sterile cytoplasm on the basis of hybrid vigour favorable attributes, the hybridization between the breeding parent material such as " high-quality × high-quality ", " high-quality × resistance " is adopted to realize the synchronous improvement of quality and yield, resistance, the breeding strategy of the neoplasm aromatic indica CMS line that breeding goal proterties is given prominence to, Comprehensive Traits is excellent.The seed selection thinking of concrete proterties is:
(1) utilize new sterile cytoplasm on the basis of hybrid vigour favorable attributes, breeding high-yield amount coordinate force male sterile line realizes the breakthrough of yield target proterties;
(2) on rice quality, adopt the well-known breeding parent material such as " excellent × excellent ", " excellent × anti-" to import scent gene, comparatively low amylose content gene and desirable plant and leaf shape gene, and under high temperature dry season condition, coerce the low chalkness ratio of M8003 line, low chalkiness degree, high head rice rate and moderate amylose content;
(3) on Spike-grain structure, appropriateness increases grain weight, and grain number per spike and grain are heavily taken into account, and storehouse source and course coordinates the stable high yield solving kind;
(4) on economical character, plant type improvement is carried out in proterties complementation, with proper extension breeding time, increases plant height and improves vegetative growth phase and biological yield, thus improve economic flow rate;
(5) focus on the screening of the interior perfume combination of strong regeneration power, the kind that preparation regeneration power is strong, makes full use of warm light resources, reaches the synergy of increasing both production and income joint money.
Selection is:
1, the seed selection of new sterile cytoplasm: Yunnan is as one of Asian Cultivated Rice centre of origin, and rice biological diversity is higher.To be with ten thousand extensive 88 of Yunnan japonica rice relationship to prepare reciprocal cross more than 50 with the High quality and diseases resistance restorer such as extensive 92-4, interior extensive 94-4, interior extensive 94-11 in self-fertile, seed selection new restorer line, at " in ten thousand extensive 88/ extensive 92-4 " extensive × extensive F
2in isolate more sterile strain, select N7B(self-fertile large grain, blast resisting, high outcrossing rate, high biological yield) maintainer test cross, the conservation that backcrosses is bred, and infers that this sterile type may belong to new male cell matter sterile.
2, rice quality is set up early for evaluation and screening appraisement system: show as hybrid rice quality difference that chalkness ratio is high, chalkiness degree is large, head rice rate this problem low, I imports objective trait gene at design " excellent × excellent ", starting during the low generation combines with indoor seed selection in positive season and strange land, field carries out morning for Quality Identification, accelerate the seed selection of quality breeding material, significantly improve quality efficiency of selection.
By annual in Hainan, field, inland river carries out the selection of comprehensive agronomy economic characters, the paddy of middle menu strain is ground into brown rice by indoor, select white without chalk, complete brown rice sowing, particularly utilize the high temperature dry season in the first tenday period of a month inland river late July 8, coerce M8003 line exterior quality and milling quality, guarantee that excellent with the desirable rice quality of comprehensive agronomy proterties combines.
3, multi-environment orientation coerces selective enhancement adaptability: in Breeding Process, and we utilize the high temperature dry season to carry out parent in inland river our department respectively and combine quality, ripening rate, warm tolerance screening design; Utilize inoculate autumn and carry out rice blast qualification and Evaluation of Cold Tolerance, increase the adaptability of parent material and institute's combo conjunction.
4, in, low backcross generations is measured combination, strengthens coordinate force seed selection dynamics.For ensureing that seed selection material has excellent coordinate force, our design just carries out coordinate force tracking selection with multiple Testers such as high bright extensive 63, No. 1, the polyphylys of general combining ability from 2 generations that backcrossed.
5, Nan Fanbei educates quickening breeding process, reinforcing is isozygotied stable, " breeder's stock-original seed-production kind " purification pure keeping " three grades of kinds " breeding seed technical system of the interior fragrant A male sterile line of rapid build, guarantees the supply of the interior fragrant male sterile line parental seed of of fine quality, amount foot, high-purity and high regularity.
The inventive method utilizes to hybridize with the restorer of Yunnan japonica rice blood relationship and other restorer to obtain sterile strain, and this sterile strain with Yunnan japonica rice blood relationship sterile cytoplasm, and then carrys out seed selection male sterile line by male sterile line chalky grain rate and fragrance index.
The present invention is by utilizing new sterile cytoplasm on the basis of hybrid vigour favorable attributes, utilize the Yunnan High aititude japonica rice cytoplasmic sterility that genetic background is abundant, comprehensive utilization hybridization, backcross, test cross, multi-environment orientation coerces selection, early for Screening and Identification, cell engineering the Method and Technology such as to educate in conjunction with Nan Fanbei, select the present invention " high thousand kernel weight, high outcrossing rate, high-combining ability, best in quality, comprehensive agronomy proterties is excellent " odor type high-grade rice male sterile line, overcome aromatic indica CMS line production cost high, ternary hybrid rice high-quality and high yield are difficult to unified technological difficulties.
The present invention selects to have the rice varieties of Yunnan japonica rice blood relationship or restorer and is cross-breeding, from F as parent and the excellent hybrid rice restorer line of proterties
2filter out the sterile strain in offspring in generation, by the method backcrossed, be bred as sterile degree high, resume is good, and proterties is excellent, the rice sterile line of inheritance stability.Sterile cytoplasm parent of the present invention requires the restorer with Yunnan japonica rice blood relationship, and maintainer has the feature of the large grain of large fringe, and the male sterile line sterile degree of transformation reaches more than 99.5%, within the male sterile line chalky grain rate 10% of incubation, and has fragrance.To formulate sterile cytoplasm new material with the restorer material of Yunnan japonica rice blood relationship as parent, have conveniently, workable, sterile plant rate is high, rice is of fine quality, be with the features such as fragrance.Adopt the method breeding rice new sterile line, the source of paddy rice sterile cytoplasm can be increased, improve the indicator of product variety of male sterile line, thus improve the success rate of Fine Quality Hybrid Rice seed selection, for increasing production of rice is made contributions.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is 88A kytoplasm family tree;
Fig. 2 is the plant forms figure of interior fragrant 2A;
Fig. 3 is the grain figure of interior fragrant 2A.
Embodiment
In order to the object of the present invention of understanding clearly, technical scheme and beneficial effect, below in conjunction with specific embodiment, invention is described further, but protection scope of the present invention is not limited in the examples below.
The cytoplasmic seed selection of (one) 88 type: from " extensive × extensive " F
2find the sterile cytoplasm of band Yunnan japonica rice relationship, conservation is bred.
1996, to reestablish diplomatic relations combination " 704(Yunnan Xian round-grained rice osculant seed rice, partially round-grained rice band awns)/IR1544//ten thousand in No. 3 " with ten thousand extensive 88(of the band Yunnan japonica rice relationship introduced from Wan County, Chongqing institute of agricultural sciences (existing Three Gorges, the Chongqing institute of agricultural sciences)) and the High quality and diseases resistance restorer such as interior extensive 92-4, interior extensive 94-4, interior extensive 94-11 of self-fertile prepare reciprocal cross, seed selection new restorer line.At " in ten thousand extensive 88/ extensive 92-4 " extensive × extensive F
2isolate that a large amount of strain is short and small in generation 500 strains, Bao Jing, pollen abortion sterile plant, its cauline leaf, grain characters are similar to other segregation populations, judged that these two parts of material hybridization may create " core, matter " contradiction and cause pollen abortion at that time, there is the possibility that transformation new three is cytoplasmic male sterile line, therefore the sterile strain that wherein abortion is good is selected, with the large grain of self-fertile wild abortion type maintainer NJ7B(, high biological yield), NJ2B and Zhenshan 97B test cross, all keep abortion, select the breeding of self-fertile N7B continuous backcross conservation.Inferred that this sterile type may belong to new male cell matter at that time sterile, temporary using names 88 type sterile cytoplasm, be called for short 88A, its kytoplasm family tree is shown in Fig. 1.
(2) complementary by proterties, multi-environment coerces M8003 line, is bred as the interior fragrant 2A type male sterile line that objective trait is given prominence to, Comprehensive Traits is excellent.
Winter in 1997, in Lingshui, Hainan, comprehensive agronomy proterties is excellent, outcrossing habit good, the 1523B of disease-resistant, large grain is maternal, should hybridize combo by fragrant 1B with high-quality, aroma materials.Summer in 1998, autumn in 1998 to reestablish diplomatic relations combination F1 in Hainan plantation should again hybridize for female parent by fragrant 1B, filtered out high-quality, the fine individual plant of savory, leaf margin purple and self-fertile neoplasm sterile material " 88A " test cross in F2 generation in winter in 1998.Summer in 1999 rises, abortion strain continuous backcross is selected from test cross offspring, in backcross transformation process, strengthen the selection to the abortion strain rate of strain and abortion degree, rice quality, disease resistance and resistance, resume and coordinate force simultaneously, many-sided increasing M8003 line pressure, control variation direction, polymerization excellent genes.Within 2002, stablize shaping, named as " interior fragrant 2A ".Concrete Breeding Process is as shown in table 1.
(3) in, fragrant 2A compares with the shape facility of existing male sterile line
The present inventor has investigated the morphological feature of the strain, fringe, leaf, breeding time etc. 14 of interior fragrant 2A and other male sterile line existing for 2011 in inland river, the results are shown in Table 2.In the present invention, fragrant male sterile line has longer nutrition breeding time, for raising biological yield and crossbreeding output are laid a good foundation.
Interior fragrant 2A belongs to slow ripe male sterile line, and tillering ability is comparatively strong, and plant type is compacter, and cane is sturdy, and leaf look dark green.Compare with other male sterile lines, sword-like leave blade is wider, and thousand kernel weight is high, reaches 30.0g.Its plant forms and grain situation are shown in shown in Fig. 2, Fig. 3.
(4) in the present invention, the sterility of fragrant male sterile line is stablized, and abortion is thorough
Project team passes through pollen fertility and the observation of bagging self-fertility of male sterile line, and result shows (table 3), the sterile plant rate 100% of the serial male sterile line such as interior fragrant 2A, sterile degree 100%; In abortive pollen, lose pollen based on allusion quotation, account for 91.8 ~ 98.2%, a small amount of circle loses pollen, accounts for 1.8% ~ 7.3%; Bagging self-fruitful rate is only 0.02%.Fragrant serial male sterile line abortion characteristic and Zhenshan 97a in the present invention, Gang No.46A are similar, and being significantly better than should fragrant 1A and II-32A.
(5) fragrant male sterile line pleasant aroma in the present invention, rice quality is excellent.
Interior fragrant male sterile line corresponding maintainer attribute test result (table 4) shows, interior fragrant A male sterile line integrated quality excellent, is obviously better than the maintainer of the main male sterile line that the same period uses.Be mainly manifested in and there is middle low amylose content (12.5% ~ 15.3%), and the important quality indexs such as chalkness ratio, chalkiness degree, gel consistence and head rice rate all reach state issues high quality paddy 2 grade standard.
From the attribute test index of the maintainer of interior fragrant 2A, interior fragrant 2B entirety reaches GB 3 grades of high quality paddy standards, amylose content reaches GB 3 grades, chalkiness degree reaches GB 2 grades of high quality paddy standards, all the other 5 indexs reach GB 1 grade of high quality paddy standard, are one of best odor type male sterile lines of the quality trait combinations such as outward appearance, processing, food flavor.Compared with the good male sterile line of current domestic incubation rice matter, the serial male sterile line of interior perfume (or spice) has chalky grain rate and chalkiness degree is low, in amylose content, the feature such as low, the thousand kernel weight of interior fragrant 2B reaches 30.0g, 1 g ~ 6.1g higher than the maintainer of the most male sterile lines used the same period, outward appearance, processing quality have important breakthrough simultaneously, show that interior fragrant 2B has broken the genetic linkage of thousand kernel weight and exterior quality, and achieve the synchronous improvement of outward appearance, processing, boiling, Cooking Quality.
Claims (4)
1. a breeding method for odor type high-grade rice male sterile line, is characterized in that: the method is select to have the restorer of the Yunnan japonica rice blood relationship restorer different from other to hybridize, from F
2filter out sterile strain in generation, by this sterile strain and maintainer test cross, the conservation that backcrosses breeding obtains odor type high-grade rice male sterile line.
2. the breeding method of a kind of odor type high-grade rice male sterile line according to claim 1, is characterized in that: described maintainer has the feature of high-quality, fragrance, the large large grain of fringe.
3. the breeding method of a kind of odor type high-grade rice male sterile line according to claim 1, is characterized in that: described in there is Yunnan japonica rice blood relationship recovery be ten thousand extensive 88.
4. the breeding method of a kind of odor type high-grade rice male sterile line according to claim 1, is characterized in that: other different restorer described is selected from interior extensive 92-4, interior extensive 94-4 and interior extensive 94-11.
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Cited By (5)
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| CN105660387A (en) * | 2016-01-29 | 2016-06-15 | 中国水稻研究所 | Breeding method of sterile line of three-line hybrid rice |
| CN105918110A (en) * | 2016-05-10 | 2016-09-07 | 江苏农林职业技术学院 | Cultivation method for aromatic high-quality rice sterile line |
| CN106508663A (en) * | 2016-10-26 | 2017-03-22 | 内江杂交水稻科技开发中心 | Method for comprehensive cultivation of sterile line of three-line hybrid rice |
| CN109717073A (en) * | 2019-03-12 | 2019-05-07 | 于春河 | A kind of novel fine cytoplasm sterile line breeding method |
| CN109757360A (en) * | 2019-03-20 | 2019-05-17 | 湖北中香农业科技股份有限公司 | A kind of breeding method of whole spice type good-quality high-yield hybrid black rice new varieties |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN105660387A (en) * | 2016-01-29 | 2016-06-15 | 中国水稻研究所 | Breeding method of sterile line of three-line hybrid rice |
| CN105918110A (en) * | 2016-05-10 | 2016-09-07 | 江苏农林职业技术学院 | Cultivation method for aromatic high-quality rice sterile line |
| CN106508663A (en) * | 2016-10-26 | 2017-03-22 | 内江杂交水稻科技开发中心 | Method for comprehensive cultivation of sterile line of three-line hybrid rice |
| CN109717073A (en) * | 2019-03-12 | 2019-05-07 | 于春河 | A kind of novel fine cytoplasm sterile line breeding method |
| CN109757360A (en) * | 2019-03-20 | 2019-05-17 | 湖北中香农业科技股份有限公司 | A kind of breeding method of whole spice type good-quality high-yield hybrid black rice new varieties |
| CN109757360B (en) * | 2019-03-20 | 2022-07-05 | 湖北中香农业科技股份有限公司 | Method for cultivating novel full-fragrant high-quality high-yield hybrid black rice variety |
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Application publication date: 20150610 |