CN106508663A - Method for comprehensive cultivation of sterile line of three-line hybrid rice - Google Patents
Method for comprehensive cultivation of sterile line of three-line hybrid rice Download PDFInfo
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- CN106508663A CN106508663A CN201610949136.6A CN201610949136A CN106508663A CN 106508663 A CN106508663 A CN 106508663A CN 201610949136 A CN201610949136 A CN 201610949136A CN 106508663 A CN106508663 A CN 106508663A
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01H—NEW PLANTS OR NON-TRANSGENIC PROCESSES FOR OBTAINING THEM; PLANT REPRODUCTION BY TISSUE CULTURE TECHNIQUES
- A01H1/00—Processes for modifying genotypes ; Plants characterised by associated natural traits
- A01H1/02—Methods or apparatus for hybridisation; Artificial pollination ; Fertility
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01H—NEW PLANTS OR NON-TRANSGENIC PROCESSES FOR OBTAINING THEM; PLANT REPRODUCTION BY TISSUE CULTURE TECHNIQUES
- A01H1/00—Processes for modifying genotypes ; Plants characterised by associated natural traits
- A01H1/04—Processes of selection involving genotypic or phenotypic markers; Methods of using phenotypic markers for selection
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Abstract
The invention discloses a method for comprehensive cultivation of a sterile line of three-line hybrid rice. According to the method for comprehensive cultivation of the sterile line of the three-line hybrid rice, geographical distant breeding parent materials are used for hybridization, four-early synchronous multi-environment directional force breeding technologies and methods are comprehensively used, and the sterile line of the three-line hybrid rice with high thousand seed weight, combining ability and outcrossing rate, good race quality and comprehensive agronomic trait and high blast resistance is cultivated and obtained; and hybridization of high quality breeding parents and hybridization of high quality breeding parents and disease-resistant breeding parents are adopted for achieving synchronous improvement of the quality, the yield and the resistance, and the sterile line of the three-line hybrid rice with prominent target traits and good comprehensive traits is bred. The four-early synchronous multi-environment directional force breeding technologies and methods are comprehensively used, main quality indexes of the bred sterile line reach the third grade of the national standard, and the sterile line smells sweet, the thousand seed weight is 30 grams or above, the blast resistance is high, and the multiplication and seed production yield is high; and multiple hybrid rice combinations passing validation can be prepared.
Description
Technical field
A kind of the invention belongs to rice breeding technology field, more particularly to side of integrated cultural series of three-series hybrid rice sterile line
Method.
Background technology
Oryza sativa L. is maximum China's sown area, most total product, per unit area yield highest, the consumer groups most maximum grain of wide, consumption figure
Food crop, is responsible for the important task for ensureing China's grain ration safety and grain security.The nineties in last century, China's hybrid rice production face
Just before giving birth amount fluctuates and the universal two big challenge of deviation of rice quality, and it is that breeding material hereditary basiies are narrow to study carefully its main cause,
Combining ability does not have big breakthrough；The CMS line Zhenshan 97a of different kytoplasms that is widely used in producing, V20A, Gang No.46A,
The generally existing chalk rice rates such as K17A, II -32A are higher and partially hard etc. limiting factor of gel consistence, and it is few that phenanthrene changes A, middle 9A, gold 23A etc.
Number sterile line can make meter matter preferably kind, but far can not meet the demand of market and consumer to rice quality.Enter
The reason for one step analysis hybrid paddy rice rice quality difference, its main cause be sterile line caused by, the maternal ratio father to rice quality
This impact is bigger, therefore, the high quality of hybrid rice to be realized, the selection-breeding of good quality male sterile line is crucial.Although more is new
Sterile line selection-breeding molding successively, but large-area applications, in the few of production, main cause is these sterile lines only in quality, cooperation
In the character such as power, blast resistance, outcrossing seed-setting rate, some or certain two character are more prominent, lack multiple merits polymerizations
Breakthrough new sterile line.The simultaneously also effective side for cultivating High quality and diseases resistance triple crossing aromatic indica CMS line of neither one
Method.The main method of existing selection-breeding sterile line is pedigree method, and most breeding units are in maintainer filial generation menu strain to F5, F6
For the basicly stable ability test cross sterile plant of colony, backcross transformation sterile line, and in means and the side of Comprehensive Control selection-breeding sterile line
Method is few, there is the year limit for length of selection-breeding sterile line, and single traits is projected, and comprehensive merit polymerization is inadequate, can not in production
The defects such as large-area applications.
In sum, there is the year limit for length of selection-breeding sterile line in existing selection-breeding infertility system, method, and single traits is projected, comprehensive excellent
Benign shape polymerization is inadequate, is unable to the problem of large-area applications in production.
The content of the invention
It is an object of the invention to provide a kind of method of integrated cultural series of three-series hybrid rice sterile line, it is intended to solve existing
There is the year limit for length of selection-breeding sterile line in selection-breeding infertility system, method, single traits is projected, and comprehensive merit polymerization is inadequate, in production
On be unable to the problem of large-area applications.
The present invention is achieved in that a kind of method of integrated cultural series of three-series hybrid rice sterile line, the integrated cultural
The method of series of three-series hybrid rice sterile line is hybridized using geographical distant race breeding parent material, and four early synchronization multi-environment of integrated use is fixed
To stress breeding technique and method, the high mass of 1000 kernel of cultivation acquisition, high-combining ability, high outcrossing rate, rice quality are excellent, comprehensive agronomy
Shape is excellent and the strong CMS line of rice blast resistance；Using miscellaneous between high-quality × high-quality, high-quality × breeding for disease resistance parent material
The synchronous improvement for handing over to realize quality, yield and resistance, the triple crossing perfume rice that breeding goal character is prominent, Comprehensive Traits are excellent
Sterile line.
Further, using geographical distant hybridization to hybrid vigor breeding high-yield amount combining ability sterile line.
Further, scent gene and middle low amylose content gene are imported using high-quality × high-quality, and in the high temperature dry season
Under the conditions of coerce the low chalkness ratio of orthoselection, low chalkiness degree and high head rice rate.
Further, using high-quality × disease-resistant importing resistant gene, screening is combined by artificial vaccination and spontaneous induction disease-resistant
The strong strain of property；The degeneration-resistant Sexual behavior mode of high- and low-temperature resistance is carried out using nature high/low temperature.
Further, plant and leaf shape improvement is carried out using character complementation, is improved with proper extension period of duration, increase plant height
Vegetative growth phase and biological yield.
Further, select the material with the soft scented rice relationship of Yunnan Oryza sativa L. var. glutinosa Matsum. strong with the high-quality of self-fertile, big grain, disease resistance
The excellent maintainer parent material hybridization of 1521B, N7B, reestablishes diplomatic relations, is returned.
Further, four early synchronization multi-environment orientation stress selection techniques and selection include：
1. set up rice quality early for screening and assessment system：Mutually tie from early Dai Zheng seasons with strange land, field and indoor selection-breeding
Conjunction carries out early for Quality Identification；
2. disease-resistant degeneration-resistant morning is set up for characterization and evaluation；
3. set up early for the evaluation of test cross backcross breeding：
4. set up early for BC2 test cross advantage characterization and evaluations：Early for BC2 test crosses：Start to select mark from pairing backcrossing 2 generation BC2
Standard is measured restorer and does manual test cross F1 kinds, carries out the hybrid vigor screening of middle roguing system, increases combining ability selection-breeding dynamics；Standard is surveyed
Select with restorer：Bright extensive 63, polyphyly 1, in extensive 8006, multiple well-known restorers such as another name for Sichuan Province extensive 527 make Testers.
Further, setting up rice quality early includes for screening and assessment system：
Fragrance Screening and Identification：The tender Seedling rubbing method in field, grain yellow maturity grain of rice chew-in technique and laboratory KOH solution infusion method mirror
Fixation taste；Fine individual plant is selected to carry out fragrance from system guarantor's cross combination early selfing line segregating generation continuous 3 generation in seedling stage, period of maturation
Screening and Identification, dulcet strain are target strain；
Exterior quality Screening and Identification：In continuous generation more than 3 years, selects fragrance individual plant to use indoors in Sichuan inland river, Lingshui pair, Hainan
Go out rough machine and be ground into brown rice, select complete appearance, transparency good brown rice sowing white or white substantially without chalk without chalk.
Further, setting up disease-resistant degeneration-resistant morning includes for characterization and evaluation：
The early generation identification of rice blast resistance, selects for segregating generation from morning that exterior quality is excellent, dulcet excellent list for continuous 3 years
Strain carries out many fungus strain mixing artificial infection idenfications of rice blast, and orientation stress selects the individual plant of resistance；In before completing by the end of September every year
The sowing of material selection, completes 4 artificial infection idenfications mid-October, and mid or late November completes blast resisting identification, obtains resistance
Consistent material；
The early generation identification of high- and low-temperature resistance resistance, using the high temperature dry season in 8 the first tenday period of a month of inland river late July, in orientation stress screening
Endurance of the roguing system to high temperature, discolors quality as index with colony when the height of setting percentage and maturation；Using rice blast resistance
Endurance of the roguing system seedling stage to low temperature in the natural low temperature orientation stress screening of booth is removed after having identified, is reflected in the same time
It is fixed, with the withered degree size of colony as index；
Further, set up early for test cross backcross breeding assessment process：
The many strains of cross combination early selfing line segregating generation are protected from system to select savory fine individual plant to carry out test cross, return in pairs
Hand over, continuous 3 generation centering roguing system carries out pollen abortion microscopy, pressure is selected to the orientation stress of sterile line fertility using the high temperature dry season
Power, the young fringe broken up in high temperature dry season environment by microscopy screen abortion thoroughly strain；
In each pairing backcrossing selection-breeding from generation to generation, while carrying out sterile line when spending, morning flower ratio, stigma vigour, outcrossing
The merit that the sterile lines such as rate comprehensively possess, at the same investigate maintainer system when spending, stigma vigour, the unobstructed degree of loose powder, from knot
Real rate character.
The method of the integrated cultural series of three-series hybrid rice sterile line that the present invention is provided, using geographical distant race breeding parent material
Hybridization, novelty establish series of three-series hybrid rice sterile line " four is early synchronous " multi-environment orientation stress breeding technique and method, lead to
Crossing carries out rice quality, disease-resistant degeneration-resistant, backcross transformation and survey advantage (backcrossing F2) in early generation (F2), reflects with reference to high temperature dry season quality
Fixed, Pyricularia oryzae inoculation resistance screening, natural low temperature Evaluation of Cold Tolerance, the different season adaptability identification in strange land, field and indoor comprehensive
The multi-environment orientation stress selection technique such as character polymerization, cultivates the CMS line that objective trait is prominent, Comprehensive Traits are excellent
Method；Specifically, select the Quality parents material containing Yunnan Guanyuan Oryza sativa L. var. glutinosa Matsum. blood relationship be it is maternal with big grain, it is high-quality, disease-resistant
Maintainer parents, synchronously carry out rice quality, disease-resistant degeneration-resistant, backcross transformation and backcrossing from maintainer selfing F2 generations (early generation)
F2 surveys advantage identification, and the increase stress selection pressure under multi-environment, orientation carry out many excellent genes polymerizations, how excellent economical character
Select, cultivate " three high " (high mass of 1000 kernel, high-combining ability, high outcrossing rate), " two is excellent " (rice quality is excellent, comprehensive agronomy character is excellent)
The CMS line of " one resists " (rice blast resistance is strong).Geographical distant race parent material of the present invention requires glutinous with Yunnan
The holding based material of rice blood relationship, the sterile line that " four early synchronous " multi-environment orientation stress Comprehensive Control breeding method is bred as with
Lower feature：Sterile line main quality index reaches 3 grades of GB, savory；More than 30 grams of mass of 1000 kernel；Rice blast resistance is stronger；
Crossbreeding yield is high；Multiple Hybrid Rice Combinations can be prepared by authorization.New sterile line of rice is cultivated using the method there is side
Just, it is workable, the advantages of shortening the breeding cycle, in the index of quality for lifting sterile line, so as to improve Fine Quality Hybrid Rice
The success rate of selection-breeding, is that increasing production of rice is made that contribution.
The present invention is hybridized using geographical distant race breeding parent material, integrated use " four is early synchronous " multi-environment orientation stress choosing
Technology and method is educated, cultivation obtains " three high " (high mass of 1000 kernel, high-combining ability, high outcrossing rate), " two is excellent " (rice quality is excellent, comprehensive
Close economical character excellent) and " one resist " (rice blast resistance is strong) CMS line, and be successfully applied to produce；Select Yunnan Guanyuan
The Quality parents material of Oryza sativa L. var. glutinosa Matsum. blood relationship is maternal with big grain, high-quality, disease-resistant maintainer parents, backcrossing, test cross；It is comprehensive to transport
With " four is early synchronous " multi-environment orientation stress breeding technique and method；There is the sterile line of incubation main quality index to reach GB 3
Level, it is savory；More than 30 grams of mass of 1000 kernel；Rice blast resistance is stronger；Crossbreeding yield is high；Multiple Hybrid Rice Combinations can be prepared to lead to
Cross authorization.
On the basis of the present invention utilizes geographical distant hybridization to hybrid vigor favorable attributes, breeding high-yield amount combining ability infertility
It is the breakthrough to realize yield target character；On rice quality, scent gene is imported using " high-quality × high-quality " low straight with
Chain content of starch gene, and the low chalkness ratio of orthoselection, low chalkiness degree and high head rice rate is coerced under the conditions of the high temperature dry season；It is anti-
Property degeneration-resistant aspect, resistant gene is imported using " high-quality × disease-resistant ", screening disease resistance is combined by artificial vaccination and spontaneous induction
Strong strain；The degeneration-resistant Sexual behavior mode of high- and low-temperature resistance is carried out using nature high/low temperature；In comprehensive agronomy character, mutually covered using character
Row plant and leaf shape is improved, and improves vegetative growth phase and biological yield with proper extension period of duration, increase plant height, so as to carry
High economic flow rate；On Spike-grain structure, appropriateness increases grain weight, and grain number per spike is taken into account again with grain, and storehouse source stream is coordinated to solve the height of kind
Produce yield stability.
Description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the method flow diagram of integrated cultural series of three-series hybrid rice sterile line provided in an embodiment of the present invention.
Specific embodiment
In order that the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention become more apparent, with reference to embodiments, to the present invention
It is further elaborated.It should be appreciated that specific embodiment described herein is not used to only to explain the present invention
Limit the present invention.
The method of the present invention is hybridized using geographical distant race breeding parent material, and integrated use " four is early synchronous " multi-environment is fixed
To stress breeding technique and method, cultivate and obtain " three high " (high mass of 1000 kernel, high-combining ability, high outcrossing rate), " two is excellent " (rice product
Of fine quality, comprehensive agronomy character is excellent) and " one resist " (rice blast resistance is strong) CMS line, and be successfully applied to production.Pass through
Using geographical distant hybridization to hybrid vigor favorable attributes on the basis of, known using " high-quality × high-quality ", " high-quality × disease-resistant " etc.
Realizing the synchronous improvement of quality, yield and resistance, breeding goal character projects, comprehensive for hybridization between name breeding parent material
The breeding strategy of the excellent triple crossing aromatic indica CMS line of character.
Below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings the application principle of the present invention is explained in detail.
As shown in figure 1, the method for integrated cultural series of three-series hybrid rice sterile line provided in an embodiment of the present invention include it is following
Step：
S101：Using geographical distant hybridization to hybrid vigor favorable attributes on the basis of, the combining ability of breeding high-yield amount infertility
System；
S102：Scent gene and middle low amylose content gene are imported using " high-quality × high-quality ", and in the high temperature dry season
Under the conditions of coerce the low chalkness ratio of orthoselection, low chalkiness degree and high head rice rate；
S103：Resistant gene is imported using " high-quality × disease-resistant ", screening is combined by artificial vaccination and spontaneous induction disease-resistant
The strong strain of property；The degeneration-resistant Sexual behavior mode of high- and low-temperature resistance is carried out using nature high/low temperature；
S104：Plant and leaf shape improvement is carried out using character complementation, battalion is improved with proper extension period of duration, increase plant height
Health preserving is long-term and biological yield, so as to improve economic flow rate；
S105：On Spike-grain structure, appropriateness increases grain weight, and grain number per spike is taken into account again with grain, and storehouse source stream is coordinated to solve kind
Stable high yield.
The method of integrated cultural series of three-series hybrid rice sterile line provided in an embodiment of the present invention specifically includes following steps：
1st, the excavation of geographical distant race parent material：Used as one of Asian Cultivated Rice centre of origin, rice biological is various in Yunnan
Property is higher, is only second to Guangdong, Guangxi.The high-quality of material of the selection with the soft scented rice relationship of Yunnan Oryza sativa L. var. glutinosa Matsum. and self-fertile, big grain, disease resistance
The excellent maintainer parent material hybridization such as strong 1521B, N7B, reestablishes diplomatic relations, is returned.
2nd, novelty establishes " four is early synchronous " multi-environment orientation stress selection technique and selection, and integrated use should
Method cultivates series of three-series hybrid rice sterile line.
1. set up early generation (F2) the screening and assessment system of rice quality：From early generation (F2) in positive season and strange land, field and interior
Selection-breeding combines to be carried out early for Quality Identification, significantly improves quality efficiency of selection.
Fragrance Screening and Identification：The tender Seedling rubbing method in field, grain yellow maturity grain of rice chew-in technique and laboratory KOH solution infusion method mirror
Fixation taste.Fine individual plant is selected to carry out fragrance sieve from system guarantor's cross combination selfing F2 segregating generations continuous 3 generation in seedling stage, period of maturation
Choosing identification, dulcet strain are target strain.
Exterior quality Screening and Identification：
In continuous generation more than 3 years, selects fragrance individual plant to be ground into brown rice with going out rough machine indoors in Sichuan inland river, Lingshui pair, Hainan, selects
Complete appearance is selected, transparency good brown rice sowing white or white substantially without chalk without chalk.Make full use of the height in 8 the first tenday period of a month of inland river late July
Warm dry season, orientation stress select exterior quality and milling quality, it is ensured that comprehensive agronomy character is excellent with preferable rice quality phase
With reference to.
2. set up disease-resistant degeneration-resistant early generation (F2) characterization and evaluation technology
The early generation identification of rice blast resistance
Select from continuous 3 years of F2 segregating generations that exterior quality is excellent, dulcet fine individual plant carries out many fungus strains of rice blast and mixes
Artificial infection idenfication is closed, orientation stress selects the individual plant of resistance.(inland river is big for the annual sowing for before completing middle material selection by the end of September
Canopy sick nursery), complete 4 artificial infection idenfications mid-October, mid or late November completes blast resisting identification, obtains resistance consistent
Material.
The early generation identification of high- and low-temperature resistance resistance：
The high temperature dry season in 8 the first tenday period of a month of inland river late July is made full use of, roguing system is restrained oneself to high temperature in orientation stress screening
Power, discolors quality as index with colony when the height of setting percentage and maturation.Remove after making full use of blast resistance identification complete big
Endurance of the roguing system seedling stage to low temperature in the natural low temperature orientation stress screening of canopy, identified in the same time, withered with colony
Degree size be index.
3., set up early generation (F2) test cross backcross breeding assessment process：
The many strains of cross combination selfing F2 segregating generations are protected from system to select savory fine individual plant to carry out test cross, return in pairs
Hand over, continuous 3 generation centering roguing system carries out pollen abortion microscopy, make full use of orientation stress choosing of the high temperature dry season to sterile line fertility
Pressure is selected, the young fringe broken up in high temperature dry season environment by microscopy screens abortion thoroughly strain.
In each pairing backcrossing selection-breeding from generation to generation, while carrying out sterile line when spending, morning flower ratio, stigma vigour, outcrossing
The merit that the sterile lines such as rate comprehensively possess, at the same investigate maintainer system when spending, stigma vigour, the unobstructed degree of loose powder, from knot
The character such as real rate.
4. early (2 generations of backcrossing in generation, are set up：BC2) test cross advantage characterization and evaluation program：
Early (2 generations of backcrossing in generation：BC2) test cross：Restorer is measured from pairing backcrossing 2 generation (BC2) beginning selection standard and does craft
Test cross F1 kinds, carry out the hybrid vigor screening of middle roguing system, increase combining ability selection-breeding dynamics.
Standard is measured restorer selection：Bright extensive 63, polyphyly 1, in extensive 8006, multiple well-known restorers such as another name for Sichuan Province extensive 527 make
Testers, manual test cross in pairs carry out coordinating force tracking to select.Ensure that target strain has excellent combining ability.
3rd, multi-environment orientation stress selective enhancement adaptability
High temperature dry season adverse circumstance：In Breeding Process, we make full use of the high temperature dry season adverse circumstance in inland river rice region to carry out not
Educate is parent and combined fertility, quality, setting percentage, thermostability Screening and Identification.
Natural low temperature adverse circumstance：Natural low temperature after making full use of autumn rice blast to be inoculated with increases the low temperature resistant of breeding material
The selection pressure of characteristic, strengthens the adaptability of sterile line parent material and matched somebody with somebody combination.
Pyricularia oryzae inoculated identification：The many fungus strain mixing artificial infection idenfications of rice blast are carried out, orientation stress selects resistance
Strain, screen sterile line parent material and it is matched somebody with somebody combine.
Different ecological environmental screening：Middle roguing is tied up to the numerous north in Sichuan inland river Hainan Lingshui south to educate, breeding of shuttling back and forth,
The strain that selection is all adapted in far different ecotope.Nan Fanbei educates roguing system in being capable of achieving for 1 year and bred for 2～3 generations, accelerates breeding
Process, shortening the breeding cycle.
Identification is combined in the room of field：By intuitively comprehensive agronomy character observation, labelling, record, the choosing of field breeding material
Select, to the indoor data analysiss of experiment, conclude, collect, required excellent target character and excellent genes are polymerized in one, screening
Obtain the target strain into next season.
The application principle of the present invention is further described with reference to specific embodiment.
Embodiment 1
Perfume 2A in the disease-resistant odor type sterile line of the big grain high-combining ability of high-quality
Winter in 1997, in Hainan Lingshui, comprehensive agronomy character is excellent, outcrossing habit is good, disease-resistant, big grain 1523B is
Female parent, with high-quality, aroma materials preferably perfume 1B hybridization combo.Summer in 1998 hybridizes again by female parent of suitable perfume 1B, the autumn in 1998
Season reestablishes diplomatic relations in Hainan plantation and combines F1, and winter in 1998 filters out the fine individual plant of high-quality, savory, leaf margin purple in F2 generations
With self-fertile plateau Jing type cytosolic materials " 88A " (with extensive 92-4 in ten thousand extensive 88/ " detached sterile plant and N7B etc. keep in combination F2
It is test cross backcross transformation and is bred as) test cross.From summer in 1999, abortion strain continuous backcross is selected from test cross offspring, turn in backcrossing
During educating, while strengthening abortion strain rate and abortion degree, rice quality, disease resistance and resistance to strain, resume and matching somebody with somebody
Selection with joint efforts, multi-environment increase orientation stress selection pressure, control variation direction, and be polymerized excellent genes.It is stable within 2002
Type, named as " interior fragrant 2A ".In early August, 2003 passes through Sichuan Province's technical appraisement.Concrete Breeding Process is as shown in table 1.
Perfume 2A selection-breeding flow charts in table 1
Perfume 5A in the disease-resistant odor type sterile line of the big grain high-combining ability of 2 high-quality of embodiment
Winter in 1997 is in the high outcrossing rate of Hainan Lingshui self-fertile, high biological yield, high mass of 1000 kernel, rice blast resistance
Stronger N7B (former NJ7B) is female parent, and high-quality, dulcet suitable fragrant 1B hybridization, positive season in 1998 in inland river plantation F1,1998
Autumn in year plants F2 generations in Hainan Lingshui, filters out excellent comprehensive agronomy character, high-quality, savory, purple stigma individual plant and oneself
The plateau Jing type kytoplasm 88A test crosses educated.During per generation backcross transformation, while strengthening abortion strain rate and the abortion to strain
The selection of degree, rice quality, disease resistance and resistance, resume and combining ability, many-sided orientation stress select control variation side
To be polymerized excellent genes.Many years of Jing is in inland river and Hainan continuous backcross transformation and keeps material selfing additive selection, it is synchronous with it is extensive
It is multiple restorer test crosses such as bright extensive 63, polyphyly 1, interior extensive 99-14 again.In the positive season by 2002,10085A/10085B strains are comprehensive
Close economical character excellent, colony's neat and consistent, test cross F1 hybrid vigors are strong, and manual expanding propagation, the little production of hybrid seeds further determine its hybrid
Advantage and combining ability.The little production of hybrid seeds of positive season inland river expanding propagation in 2004, temporarily hat life is " interior fragrant 5A ".In August, 2005 passes through Sichuan Province's skill
Art identifies that 2006 by Guangdong Province's technical appraisement.Concrete Breeding Process is as shown in table 2.
Perfume 5A selection-breeding flow charts in table 2
The common feature of real row
1st, comprehensive agronomy character is excellent
The morphological characteristic table of strains of the interior fragrant 2A etc. 6 for examination sterile line, fringe, leaf, period of duration etc. 14 has been investigated in inland river
Bright (being shown in Table 3), the comprehensive agronomy character of interior fragrant sterile line are excellent.Interior fragrant sterile line has longer nutrition period of duration, is raising
Biological yield and crossbreeding yield are laid a good foundation.
The feature of perfume 2A, 5A sterile line major traits in table 3
Interior fragrant 2A belongs to ripe sterile line late, and tillering ability is stronger, and plant type is compact, and cane is sturdy, and leaf color is dark green.With other sterile lines
Relatively, sword-like leave blade is wider, and (maintainer) fringe puts down grain 170, and mass of 1000 kernel is high, up to 30.0 grams.Ripe sterile line in interior fragrant 5A category,
(maintainer) fringe puts down grain 135～140, and mass of 1000 kernel is high, 30.0 grams, belongs to big grain type sterile line with interior fragrant 2A.
2 outcrossing habits are excellent
2.1 sterility are stable, and abortion is thorough
Observed by the pollen fertility and bagging self-fertility of 6 sterile lines and shown (table 4), interior fragrant 2A, interior fragrant 5A fertility
Stable, thoroughly, abortion characteristic is similar to Zhenshan 97a, Gang No.46A, better than suitable fragrant 1A and II -32A for abortion.
The sterile plant rate 100% of the sterile lines such as interior fragrant 2A, sterile degree 100%；In abortive pollen, lost based on pollen with allusion quotation,
91.8～98.2% are accounted for, a small amount of circle loses pollen, accounts for 1.8%～7.3%, only interior fragrant 2A has very small amount dye to lose pollen, accounts for 1.1%；
The only interior fragrant 2A of bagging self-fruitful rate is 0.02%, and this result deliberates and decides the technology of the internal perfume sterile line of organizes expert with Sichuan Province's product
Qualification result is consistent.
The pollen abortion of fragrant sterile line and bagging self-fertility in table 4
2.2 stigma appearings are high, and bag neck granule rate is low
Stigma exposing ratio result of study shows (table 5), the stigma exposing ratio of interior fragrant 2A, 5A sterile line 65.29%～
70.43%, but it is significantly higher than suitable perfume 1A, Gang No.46A and Zhenshan 97a.
The stigma exposing ratio of fragrant sterile line and bag neck rate in table 5
Applying unit invites the hybrid seed yield of the internal perfume 2A of domestic experts, interior fragrant 5A breedings and combinations thereof to be tested
Receive (table 6), per mu yield is at 213.06 kilograms～302.0 kilograms, it was demonstrated that interior fragrant sterile line is the odor type sterile line of high outcrossing seed-setting rate.
In table 6, yield is checked and accepted in the production of hybrid seeds of perfume 2A, interior fragrant 5A breedings and combinations thereof
In 2.3, fragrant sterile line rice quality is excellent
Rice test center of the Jing Ministry of Agriculture determines (Hangzhou)：The corresponding maintainer attribute test result of interior fragrant sterile line shows,
Interior fragrant A sterile lines integrated quality excellent, the white and high head rice rate of low chalk are projected, hence it is evident that better than the same period using CHUANXIANG 29A etc.
The maintainer (table 7) of main sterile line.It is mainly manifested in middle low amylose content (12.5%～15.3%), and chalk is white
The important quality indicators such as rate, chalkiness degree, gel consistence and head rice rate entirely reach state and issue 2 grades of standards of high quality paddy, are outward appearances, add
One of best odor type sterile line that the quality traits such as work, steaming and decocting, food flavor are combined.
The rice quality of perfume B and main maintainer in table 7
In 2.4, perfume 2A, 5A sterile line high-quality inherited characters are strong
To 2014, interior fragrant 2A prepared 11 combinations at present by authorization, and wherein interior fragrant 2550 rice quality index reaches
2 grades of GB, interior fragrant No. 18, interior fragrant 2924, interior 2 excellent No. 6,5 combination rice quality indexs such as interior 2 excellent 111, interior excellent 2016 reach state
3 grades of standards of mark.Interior fragrant 5A has prepared 20 combinations at present by authorization, and wherein interior 5 excellent 5399, interior 5 excellent 39 rice quality index
Up to 2 grades of GB, 7 combination rice quality indexs such as interior fragrant 8518, interior 5 excellent 8015, interior 5 excellent 317, interior 5 excellent 306 reach 3 grades of GB
Table 8 combines (Data Source by authorization up to the interior fragrant of more than 3 grades of GB：Country, provinces and regions examination summarized materials)
2.5 rice blast resistances are stronger
The sterile line inoculation field test result (table commonly used is produced using the throughout the year popular rice blast fungus strain opposite in Sichuan
9), 5～7 grades of the maintainer leaf pestilence of wherein interior fragrant 2A, interior fragrant 5A, 5～7 grades of neck pestilence, hence it is evident that better than control Zhenshan 97a and II-
32A。
The blast resistance identification rating result unit of fragrant sterile line in table 9：Level
2.6 tolerance to colds are stronger
Carried out to commonly using sterile line in production using the natural low temperature stress after the completion of the identification of annual autumn rice blast leaf pestilence
Cold tolerance at the seedling stage field test shows (table 10) that interior fragrant sterile line is stronger than the sterile line that the same period uses to the tolerance to cold of low temperature, its
In in perfume 2A, interior fragrant 5A cold tolerance at the seedling stage be 5～7 grades, the cold-resistant sex expression in field is compared with compareing Zhenshan 97a and II -32A is strong.
Fragrant sterile line and conventional sterile line tolerance to cold in table 10
2.7 yield traits general combining abilities are high
Interior fragrant 2A the character tables such as grain (2.96), Spikelet density (2.65) and mass of 1000 kernel (8.22) in plant height (0.35), fringe
Show general combining ability for positive-effect, wherein the general combining ability value of mass of 1000 kernel highest in all sterile lines of participating in the experiment,
For 8.22.
Interior fragrant 5A is in effective fringe (0.51), plant height (0.21), spike length (0.68), fringe bear fruit grains (1.04), setting percentage
(6.35), the 7 character general combining abilities such as mass of 1000 kernel (3.31), single plant yield (6.53) are positive-effect, show that interior fragrant 5A is
One yield traits general combining ability easily prepares the Hybrid Rice Combination that yield is projected than more prominent sterile line.
Fragrant sterile line Other Main Agronomic Characters general combining ability (GCA) effect value in table 11
Remarks：Interior fragrant 2A, interior fragrant 5A, interior fragrant 6A, interior fragrant 7A, interior fragrant 9A, interior fragrant 10A, river agriculture 1A, Gang No.46A and II-32A
As female parent, represented with Al, A2, A3, A4, A5, A6, A7, A8 and A9 respectively.
2.7.1 mass of 1000 kernel general combining ability is high
Combining ability comparative analysiss (table 11) to Yield And Yield Components, interior fragrant 2A, the general combining ability of interior fragrant 5A are
Positive-effect, wherein interior fragrant 2A, interior fragrant 5A mass of 1000 kernel general combining ability it is especially prominent, live apart the 1st, the 2nd of 9 sterile lines.
Up to 30.0 grams, the combination mass of 1000 kernel of its combo is generally 27.6～32.5 grams to interior fragrant 2A parents mass of 1000 kernel, 30.5 grams of average out to, its
In in excellent 2016 mass of 1000 kernel up to 32.5 grams, quality reaches 3 grades of GB；Up to 31.9 grams, quality reaches 2 grades of GB to interior fragrant 2550 mass of 1000 kernel.
The effective fringe of perfume 2A authorizations combination, grain number per spike, setting percentage, mass of 1000 kernel (Data Source in table 12：Try summarized materials in area)
Interior fragrant 5A parents mass of 1000 kernel is analyzed and is generally by 23 times authorized interior perfume 5A combination mass of 1000 kernel up to 30.0 gram
28.5～32.3 grams, 30.1 grams of average out to, up to 32.0 grams, quality reaches 3 grades of GB to wherein interior 5 excellent 8015 mass of 1000 kernel, and interior 5 excellent 39,000
Grain weighs 29.0 grams, and quality reaches 2 grades of GB.
The effective fringe of perfume 5A authorizations combination, grain number per spike, setting percentage, mass of 1000 kernel (Data Source in table 13：Try summarized materials in area)
In 2.8, perfume 2A, interior fragrant 5A prepare multiple combinations by the authorization of the provinces and cities such as country, Sichuan
Presently preferred embodiments of the present invention is the foregoing is only, not to limit the present invention, all essences in the present invention
Any modification, equivalent and improvement made within god and principle etc., should be included within the scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. a kind of method of integrated cultural series of three-series hybrid rice sterile line, it is characterised in that the integrated cultural triple crossing water
The method of rice sterile line is hybridized using geographical distant race breeding parent material, four early synchronization multi-environment orientation stress selection-breeding of integrated use
Technology and method, the high mass of 1000 kernel of cultivation acquisition, high-combining ability, high outcrossing rate, rice quality are excellent, comprehensive agronomy character is excellent and rice blast
The CMS line of sick resistance；Product are realized using the hybridization between high-quality × high-quality, high-quality × breeding for disease resistance parent material
The synchronous improvement of matter, yield and resistance, the triple crossing aromatic indica CMS line that breeding goal character is prominent, Comprehensive Traits are excellent.
2. the method for integrated cultural series of three-series hybrid rice sterile line as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that using geographical remote
Edge hybridizes to hybrid vigor breeding high-yield amount combining ability sterile line.
3. the method for integrated cultural series of three-series hybrid rice sterile line as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that using high-quality ×
High-quality imports scent gene and middle low amylose content gene, and it is white to coerce the low chalk of orthoselection under the conditions of the high temperature dry season
Rate, low chalkiness degree and high head rice rate.
4. the method for integrated cultural series of three-series hybrid rice sterile line as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that using high-quality ×
Disease-resistant importing resistant gene, combines the strong strain of screening disease resistance by artificial vaccination and spontaneous induction；Using nature high/low temperature
Carry out the degeneration-resistant Sexual behavior mode of high- and low-temperature resistance.
5. the method for integrated cultural series of three-series hybrid rice sterile line as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that mutual using character
The improvement of row plant and leaf shape is covered, vegetative growth phase and biological yield are improved with proper extension period of duration, increase plant height.
6. the method for integrated cultural series of three-series hybrid rice sterile line as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that select band Yunnan
The excellent maintainer parent material of 1521B, N7B that the material of the soft scented rice relationship of Oryza sativa L. var. glutinosa Matsum. is strong with the high-quality of self-fertile, big grain, disease resistance is miscellaneous
Hand over, reestablish diplomatic relations, be returned.
7. the method for integrated cultural series of three-series hybrid rice sterile line as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that four is early synchronous more
Environment orientation stress selection technique and selection include：
1. set up rice quality early for screening and assessment system：From early Dai Zheng seasons and strange land, field combine with indoor selection-breeding into
Row is early for Quality Identification；
2. disease-resistant degeneration-resistant morning is set up for characterization and evaluation；
3., set up early for the evaluation of test cross backcross breeding：
4., set up early for BC2 test cross advantage characterization and evaluations：Early for BC2 test crosses：Start selection standard survey from pairing backcrossing 2 generation BC2
Manual test cross F1 kinds are done with restorer, the hybrid vigor screening of middle roguing system is carried out, is increased combining ability selection-breeding dynamics；Standard is measured extensive
Multiple system selects：Bright extensive 63, polyphyly 1, in extensive 8006, multiple well-known restorers such as another name for Sichuan Province extensive 527 make Testers.
8. the method for integrated cultural series of three-series hybrid rice sterile line as claimed in claim 7, it is characterised in that set up rice product
Matter early includes for screening and assessment system：
Fragrance Screening and Identification：The tender Seedling rubbing method in field, grain yellow maturity grain of rice chew-in technique and the identification of laboratory KOH solution infusion method are fragrant
Taste；Fine individual plant is selected to carry out fragrance screening from system guarantor's cross combination early selfing line segregating generation continuous 3 generation in seedling stage, period of maturation
Identification, dulcet strain are target strain；
Exterior quality Screening and Identification：In continuous generation more than 3 years, selects fragrance individual plant rough with going out indoors in Sichuan inland river, Lingshui pair, Hainan
Machine is ground into brown rice, selects complete appearance, white or white substantially without chalk without chalk, the good brown rice sowing of transparency.
9. the method for integrated cultural series of three-series hybrid rice sterile line as claimed in claim 7, it is characterised in that set up disease-resistant anti-
It is inverse early to include for characterization and evaluation：
The early generation identification of rice blast resistance, selects for segregating generation from morning that exterior quality is excellent, dulcet fine individual plant enters for continuous 3 years
The many fungus strain mixing artificial infection idenfications of row rice blast, orientation stress select the individual plant of resistance；Middle selection is completed by the end of September before every year
The sowing of material, completes 4 artificial infection idenfications mid-October, and mid or late November completes blast resisting identification, obtains resistance consistent
Material；
The early generation identification of high- and low-temperature resistance resistance, using the high temperature dry season in 8 the first tenday period of a month of inland river late July, roguing in orientation stress screening
Endurance of the system to high temperature, discolors quality as index with colony when the height of setting percentage and maturation；Using blast resistance identification
Endurance of the roguing system seedling stage to low temperature in the natural low temperature orientation stress screening of booth is removed after complete, is identified in the same time,
With the withered degree size of colony as index.
10. the method for integrated cultural series of three-series hybrid rice sterile line as claimed in claim 7, it is characterised in that set up early generation
Test cross backcross breeding assessment process：
The many strains of cross combination early selfing line segregating generation are protected from system selects savory fine individual plant to carry out test cross, pairing backcrossing,
Continuous 3 generation centering roguing system carries out pollen abortion microscopy, using orientation stress selection pressure of the high temperature dry season to sterile line fertility,
The young fringe broken up in high temperature dry season environment by microscopy, screens abortion thoroughly strain；
In each pairing backcrossing selection-breeding from generation to generation, while carrying out sterile line when spending, morning flower ratio, stigma vigour, outcrossing seed-setting rate etc.
The merit that sterile line comprehensively possesses, while investigate maintainer system when spending, stigma vigour, the unobstructed degree of loose powder, self-fruitful rate
Character.
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| CN109452162A (en) * | 2018-11-12 | 2019-03-12 | 安徽省农业科学院水稻研究所 | A kind of quick breeding method of high cooperation rice CMS line |
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| CN104686320A (en) * | 2015-04-01 | 2015-06-10 | 内江杂交水稻科技开发中心 | Cultivation method of aromatic high-quality rice sterile line |
| CN105660387A (en) * | 2016-01-29 | 2016-06-15 | 中国水稻研究所 | Breeding method of sterile line of three-line hybrid rice |
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| CN104686320A (en) * | 2015-04-01 | 2015-06-10 | 内江杂交水稻科技开发中心 | Cultivation method of aromatic high-quality rice sterile line |
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| CN106962181A (en) * | 2017-05-17 | 2017-07-21 | 内江杂交水稻科技开发中心 | A kind of method of integrated cultural hybrid rice odor type restorer |
| CN109452162A (en) * | 2018-11-12 | 2019-03-12 | 安徽省农业科学院水稻研究所 | A kind of quick breeding method of high cooperation rice CMS line |
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