CN104628445A - Special fertilizer and foliage fertilizer for dendrobium nobile and planting method of dendrobium nobile - Google Patents
Special fertilizer and foliage fertilizer for dendrobium nobile and planting method of dendrobium nobile Download PDFInfo
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
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- C05C9/00—Fertilisers containing urea or urea compounds
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- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G22/00—Cultivation of specific crops or plants not otherwise provided for
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- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05F—ORGANIC FERTILISERS NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C05B, C05C, e.g. FERTILISERS FROM WASTE OR REFUSE
- C05F17/00—Preparation of fertilisers characterised by biological or biochemical treatment steps, e.g. composting or fermentation
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05F—ORGANIC FERTILISERS NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C05B, C05C, e.g. FERTILISERS FROM WASTE OR REFUSE
- C05F5/00—Fertilisers from distillery wastes, molasses, vinasses, sugar plant or similar wastes or residues, e.g. from waste originating from industrial processing of raw material of agricultural origin or derived products thereof
- C05F5/006—Waste from chemical processing of material, e.g. diestillation, roasting, cooking
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- C05G—MIXTURES OF FERTILISERS COVERED INDIVIDUALLY BY DIFFERENT SUBCLASSES OF CLASS C05; MIXTURES OF ONE OR MORE FERTILISERS WITH MATERIALS NOT HAVING A SPECIFIC FERTILISING ACTIVITY, e.g. PESTICIDES, SOIL-CONDITIONERS, WETTING AGENTS; FERTILISERS CHARACTERISED BY THEIR FORM
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Abstract
The invention discloses a special fertilizer and foliage fertilizer for dendrobium nobile and a planting method of dendrobium nobile. The planting method of dendrobium nobile comprises the following steps of during cultivation, after a seeding is fixed, diluting composted cow manure with water according to a mass fraction of 1: 2 to obtain cow manure slurry, brushing the cow manure slurry at the periphery of roots with brush, and slightly adhering live moss on the plant roots and cow dung paste, wherein the bases of the plants should be exposed to the outside. According to the planting method of dendrobium nobile, the processes of line clamp, composted cow manure slurry and live moss root-covering method are adopted, so that the method is a better cultivating method by which the moisture effect can be maintained, and the nutrients required by the seedling can be temporarily supplied; and the method has the advantages that when moss is adhered to the cow manure slurry, the moss can rapidly survive and a certain malic acid and citric acid can be generated to promote the absorption of nutrients by the seedling.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to field of Chinese herbal, particularly relate to dendrobium stem special fertilizer, foliage fertilizer and implantation methods.
Background technology
Dendrobium stem is that " Chinese Pharmacopoeia " records first of three large stem of noble dendrobium kinds, early on the books on " legendary god of farming's draft warp " and Compendium of Material Medica, is top grade, well-known both at home and abroad in the stem of noble dendrobium.Dendrobium stem is used as medicine with stem, there is reinforcing stomach reg fluid, nourishing Yin and clearing heat, pain relieving, hawk, improving eyesight, reducing blood-fat, the effect such as blood pressure, be the main raw material producing the product such as " Shiyu Yeguang Wan ", " the fresh dew of the stem of noble dendrobium ", " dendrobium stem beverage ", " capsule with dendrobium stem ".Take the stem of noble dendrobium as " Mailuoning " series product of main raw material exploitation, be appointed as the indispensable good medicine of national each hospital cardiovascular disorder by country, the stem of noble dendrobium is also widely used in the fields such as food, beauty treatment, health care.Domestic is that the pharmacy corporation of raw material has family more than 160, the fresh stem of noble dendrobium of year demand more than 10,000 ton with the stem of noble dendrobium.At present, supply falls short of demand for stem of noble dendrobium product, and price is in the development trend gone up year by year in steady.
Chishui dendrobium stem is the rare rare traditional Chinese medicine of national second class protection; State Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine's reply in 1998 sets up stem of noble dendrobium production base in Chishui City; within 2005, obtain the protection of national geography famous special product; in numerous domestic stem of noble dendrobium kind; the stem of noble dendrobium kind of unique acquisition national geography famous special product protection is also the traditional Chinese medicinal materials assortment that Guizhou uniquely obtains geography symbol product protection.Chishui has advantageous climatope condition, is the genuine place of production and the main producing region of dendrobium stem.Chishui municipal Party committee, municipal government by stem of noble dendrobium industry the second largest mainstay industry be classified as after bamboo industry greatly develop.Chishui existing dendrobium stem cultivated area more than 7000 mu is the dendrobium stem base of current largest domestic, but its planting scale and output, also can not meet the great demand in market far away.
Chishui dendrobium stem mainly carried out point pocket by seeding-growth in the past or the horizontal companding of individual plant is numerous, and progressively finds out the multiple cultivating methods such as clay coating method is cultivated, groove inserts method cultivation, the cultivation of pressure stone method, the cultivation of line card method.Such as, disclosed in Chinese patent literature CN101336605 or CN103229705A dendrobium stem cultivating method.But existing above-mentioned cultivating method, ubiquity output is few, the shortcoming that surviving rate is low.
Summary of the invention
The technical problem to be solved in the present invention is to provide one to meet dendrobium stem growth and absorption characteristics, benefits the growth of dendrobium stem seedling and the special fertilizer absorbed and foliage fertilizer, also provides a kind of output many, the implantation methods of the dendrobium stem that surviving rate is high simultaneously.
To achieve these goals, a kind of dendrobium stem special fertilizer of the present invention is compound organic and inorganic fertilizer, wherein the mass ratio N:P of element
2o
5: K
2o=5:5:5, per ton containing oil cake 100 kilograms, fermentation 150 kilograms, vinasse, fertilizer 500 kilograms, 50 kilograms, urea, general calcium 150 kilograms, potassium sulfate 50 kilograms.
The preparation method of described fertilizer is: by the cow dung of moisture content 40 ~ 60% and/or pig manure is per ton adds 30 ~ 38 kilograms of anaerobically fermentings and produce bacterial classifications, stirs; At bottom and the surrounding plastics film place mat in hole, will the cow dung of bacterial classification and/or pig manure composting be mixed with wherein, surface coverage plastics film, sealing; At temperature lower than fermenting when 20 DEG C 13 ~ 16 days, when temperature is higher than fermenting when 20 DEG C 8 ~ 11 days.
The preparation method of described fertilizer is: by the cow dung of moisture content 50% and/or pig manure is per ton adds 34 kilograms of anaerobically fermentings and produce bacterial classifications, stirs; At bottom and the surrounding plastics film place mat in hole, will the cow dung of bacterial classification and/or pig manure composting be mixed with wherein, surface coverage plastics film, sealing; At temperature lower than fermenting when 20 DEG C 15 days, when temperature is higher than fermenting when 20 DEG C 10 days.
The present invention also provides a kind of dendrobium stem foliage fertilizer, comprising:
A. foliage fertilizer 1 is that mineral manure is formulated, and wherein mass percentage content N is 2.7% ~ 3.5%, P
2o
5be 2.1% ~ 2.6%, K
2o is 2.3% ~ 2.7%, trace element comprise copper, zinc, manganese, iron, boron total content be 1.0% ~ 2.5%, pH3.5, use after dilution;
B. foliage fertilizer 2 is the natural pond liquid with pig farm, after decolouring and deodorizing, regulate pH to be 6.5 and to add bio-stimulant to make, the activator containing nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium, calcium, magnesium, sulphur, copper, zinc, manganese, iron, humic acid, amino acid and stimulation root growth, uses after dilution.
In described foliage fertilizer 1, mass percentage content N is 3.0%, P
2o
5be 2.5%, K
2o is 2.5%, trace element comprise copper, zinc, manganese, iron, boron total content be 2.0%.
Described foliage fertilizer 1 is diluted to 180 ~ 250 times of former mixeding liquid volume when using.
Described foliage fertilizer 2 is diluted to 3 ~ 5 times of former mixeding liquid volume when using.
An implantation methods for dendrobium stem,
1. seedling specification
Every clump of 2 ~ 4 strains, long 6 more than the ㎝ of stem, auxiliary stem long 4 more than ㎝, thick 0.4 more than the ㎝ of stem, thick 0.2 more than the ㎝ of auxiliary stem;
2. site condition is planted
A. height above sea level is at 300m ~ 800m, the region of relative humidity 75% ~ 80%;
B. shelter from heat or light: main employing broad-leaf forest trees are sheltered from heat or light, shade density 55 ~ 70%;
C. ground, stone nook: on stone face the long place, stone nook having liver moss;
D. water condition: near have the water source meeting national grade ii standard;
3. the time is planted
10 ~ April 10 annual March;
4. planting density
Plant by the spacing of 30cm × 30cm;
5. material is prepared
A. before planting 3 months, in advance by for subsequent use for the rotten fermentation of fresh cow dung heap, every mu of fresh cow dung of 3000 clumps of need 50 jin;
B. the line card of 10mm ~ 12mm specification is prepared according to plantation quantity;
C. before planting 3 days, the fresh block liver moss lived is prepared in advance;
6. cultivating method
Comprise the following steps:
When A. planting seedling, by the plantation of 30 × 30cm density, scratched by the liver moss of planting seedling point local, then the coring of seedling, base portion are affixed on stone face line card and fix, root system is wanted naturally to stretch;
When B. fixing seedling with line card, line card should be stuck in the above 1.5cm ~ 2.5cm place of seedling stem base portion, makes seedling be stable in stone face;
C., when following closely pressure seedling, note not blocking tender shoots and damage plant;
D. after fixing seedling, cow dung is become to starch in massfraction than 1:2 ratio thin up with appropriate decomposed cow dung, with brush, cow dung being starched brush sticks with paste around coring, be affixed on plant root and cow dung slurry gently with the liver moss lived again, outside noticing that the base portion of plant should be exposed to, can not cover or cover, otherwise sprouting and the growth of sprouting, newly root can be had a strong impact on; The gradient is more than or equal to the stone face of 30 degree, liver moss is fixed on stone face by available line card again, to prevent liver moss landing; The gradient is less than to the stone face of 30 degree, line card can be stuck in the coring place of the old root of plant, allows erect plants stand firm as far as possible.
The implantation methods of described dendrobium stem, also comprises:
7. fertilizing management
A.4 at the beginning of the moon, before and after clear and bright, around plant coring, execute foregoing dendrobium stem special fertilizer, concrete grammar is: the non-woven fabrics band of dendrobium stem special fertilizer will be housed along stem of noble dendrobium circulating application, and fixing;
B.4 in ~ May, temperature has been stabilized in more than 16 degree, and the stem of noble dendrobium grows comparatively fast, sprays foregoing foliage fertilizer 1 or foliage fertilizer 2 every 15 days, to promote that plant germinates, long root;
C. 6 ~ September plant enter vigorous period, the demand of plant to nutrient is larger, still sprayed foregoing foliage fertilizer 1 or foliage fertilizer 2 every 15 days, to promote sprouting, new root, Zhan Ye, growth, after fertilising, new strain just can be reached maturity earlier, wins plant secondary then and to tiller autumn bud, improves stem of noble dendrobium output;
D. in 7 ~ September, execute the higher foliage fertilizer of nitrogen content 2, within every 15 days, spray one inferior to blade face;
E.10 about the 22 days moon, " Frost's Descent ", solar term started, and stopped executing formulation fertilizer containing nitrogen, specially executed the phosphorus potash fertilizer that can improve cold hardiness, spray a potassium dihydrogen phosphate, spray 3 ~ 4 times continuously every 10 days.
The implantation methods of dendrobium stem provided by the invention, line card+decomposed cow dung is adopted to starch+live liver moss Gai Genfa, it is good a kind of cultivating method, its reason is this method existing maintenance moisture effect, temporarily can supply nutrient needed for seedling again, its maximum advantage is that liver moss is affixed on cow dung slurry, can survive very soon, and produce certain oxysuccinic acid and Acidum Citricum, promote that seedling is to the absorption of nutrient.Carry out unified instruction and standardized management as requested, achieve good effect; More than 50 ten thousand clumps of tissue cultured seedling of demonstration plant, its surviving rate is more than 95%, and plant strain growth is good.
Embodiment
Below by way of embodiment, the present invention is described in further detail.
The invention provides a kind of dendrobium stem special fertilizer, is compound organic and inorganic fertilizer, wherein the mass ratio N:P of element
2o
5: K
2o=5:5:5, per ton containing oil cake 100 kilograms, fermentation 150 kilograms, vinasse, fertilizer 500 kilograms, 50 kilograms, urea, general calcium 150 kilograms, potassium sulfate 50 kilograms.
Embodiment one:
The preparation method of described fertilizer is: by the cow dung of moisture content 60% and/or pig manure is per ton adds 38 kilograms of anaerobically fermentings and produce bacterial classifications, stirs; At bottom and the surrounding plastics film place mat in hole, will the cow dung of bacterial classification and/or pig manure composting be mixed with wherein, surface coverage plastics film, sealing; At temperature lower than fermenting when 20 DEG C 16 days, when temperature is higher than fermenting when 20 DEG C 11 days.
Embodiment two:
The preparation method of described fertilizer is: by the cow dung of moisture content 50% and/or pig manure is per ton adds 34 kilograms of anaerobically fermentings and produce bacterial classifications, stirs; At bottom and the surrounding plastics film place mat in hole, will the cow dung of bacterial classification and/or pig manure composting be mixed with wherein, surface coverage plastics film, sealing; At temperature lower than fermenting when 20 DEG C 15 days, when temperature is higher than fermenting when 20 DEG C 10 days.
Embodiment three:
The preparation method of described fertilizer is: by the cow dung of moisture content 40% and/or pig manure is per ton adds 30 kilograms of anaerobically fermentings and produce bacterial classifications, stirs; At bottom and the surrounding plastics film place mat in hole, will the cow dung of bacterial classification and/or pig manure composting be mixed with wherein, surface coverage plastics film, sealing; At temperature lower than fermenting when 20 DEG C 13 days, when temperature is higher than fermenting when 20 DEG C 8 days.
The present invention also provides a kind of dendrobium stem foliage fertilizer, comprises foliage fertilizer 1 and foliage fertilizer 2.
Embodiment one:
Foliage fertilizer 1 is that mineral manure is formulated, and wherein mass percentage content N is 2.7%, P
2o
5be 2.1%, K
2o is 2.3%, trace element comprise copper, zinc, manganese, iron, boron total content be 1.0%, pH3.5, use after dilution.
Foliage fertilizer 2 is the natural pond liquid with pig farm, after decolouring and deodorizing, regulate pH to be 6.5 and the bio-stimulant adding mass percent 1.2% is made, the activator containing nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium, calcium, magnesium, sulphur, copper, zinc, manganese, iron, humic acid, amino acid and stimulation root growth, uses after dilution.Bio-stimulant is the farm crop life activator commonly used on the market.
Described foliage fertilizer 1 is diluted to 180 ~ 250 times of former mixeding liquid volume when using.
Described foliage fertilizer 2 is diluted to 3 ~ 5 times of former mixeding liquid volume when using.
Embodiment two:
Foliage fertilizer 1 is that mineral manure is formulated, and wherein mass percentage content N is 3.5%, P
2o
5be 2.6%, K
2o is 2.7%, trace element comprise copper, zinc, manganese, iron, boron total content be 2.5%, pH3.5, use after dilution.
Foliage fertilizer 2 is the natural pond liquid with pig farm, after decolouring and deodorizing, regulate pH to be 6.5 and the bio-stimulant adding mass percent 1.6% is made, the activator containing nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium, calcium, magnesium, sulphur, copper, zinc, manganese, iron, humic acid, amino acid and stimulation root growth, uses after dilution.Bio-stimulant is the farm crop life activator commonly used on the market.
Described foliage fertilizer 1 is diluted to 180 ~ 250 times of former mixeding liquid volume when using.
Described foliage fertilizer 2 is diluted to 3 ~ 5 times of former mixeding liquid volume when using.
Embodiment three:
In described foliage fertilizer 1, mass percentage content N is 3.0%, P
2o
5be 2.5%, K
2o is 2.5%, trace element comprise copper, zinc, manganese, iron, boron total content be 2.0%.
Foliage fertilizer 2 is the natural pond liquid with pig farm, after decolouring and deodorizing, regulate pH to be 6.5 and the bio-stimulant adding mass percent 1.4% is made, the activator containing nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium, calcium, magnesium, sulphur, copper, zinc, manganese, iron, humic acid, amino acid and stimulation root growth, uses after dilution.Bio-stimulant is the farm crop life activator commonly used on the market.
Described foliage fertilizer 1 is diluted to 180 ~ 250 times of former mixeding liquid volume when using.
Described foliage fertilizer 2 is diluted to 3 ~ 5 times of former mixeding liquid volume when using.
An implantation methods for dendrobium stem,
1. seedling specification
Every clump of 2 ~ 4 strains, long 6 more than the ㎝ of stem, auxiliary stem long 4 more than ㎝, thick 0.4 more than the ㎝ of stem, thick 0.2 more than the ㎝ of auxiliary stem;
2. site condition is planted
A. height above sea level is at 300m ~ 800m, the region of relative humidity 75% ~ 80%;
B. shelter from heat or light: main employing broad-leaf forest trees are sheltered from heat or light, shade density 55 ~ 70%;
C. ground, stone nook: on stone face the long place, stone nook having liver moss;
D. water condition: near have the water source meeting national grade ii standard;
The environment that dendrobium stem happiness is warm, moistening, shady and cool, the condition of sheltering from heat or light is the key determining seedling transplant survival.So when selecting place, mainly cool place, moist environment should be considered.This just requires that planting area will have nature to shelter from heat or light tree, and shade density should reach 55 ~ 70%, the Production Zones Suitable plantation dendrobium stem of relative humidity 75% ~ 80%.If sheltering from heat or light in part place does not reach requirement, first can plant and shelter from heat or light tree or hang 90% sunshade net sheltering from heat or light rate, must solve after the condition of sheltering from heat or light could seedling, otherwise seedling can be burnt, dry up, is dewatered, death, and this point is very crucial, do keep firmly in mind.
3. the time is planted
10 ~ April 10 annual March;
4. planting density
The output of dendrobium stem depends mainly on individual plant cane and weighs and available tillering, and this rooting will carry out rational close planted according to the particular case of cultivation area.Generally, be advisable by the spacing plantation of 30cm × 30cm;
5. material is prepared
A. before planting 3 months, in advance by for subsequent use for the rotten fermentation of fresh cow dung heap, every mu of fresh cow dung of 3000 clumps of need 50 jin;
B. the line card of 10mm ~ 12mm specification is prepared according to plantation quantity;
C. before planting 3 days, the fresh block liver moss lived is prepared in advance;
6. cultivating method
Comprise the following steps:
When A. planting seedling, by the plantation of 30 × 30cm density, scratched by the liver moss of planting seedling point local, then the coring of seedling, base portion are affixed on stone face line card and fix, root system is wanted naturally to stretch;
When B. fixing seedling with line card, line card should be stuck in the above 1.5cm ~ 2.5cm place of seedling stem base portion, makes seedling be stable in stone face;
C., when following closely pressure seedling, note not blocking tender shoots and damage plant;
D. after fixing seedling, cow dung is become to starch in massfraction than 1:2 ratio thin up with appropriate decomposed cow dung, with brush, cow dung being starched brush sticks with paste around coring, be affixed on plant root and cow dung slurry gently with the liver moss lived again, outside noticing that the base portion of plant should be exposed to, can not cover or cover, otherwise sprouting and the growth of sprouting, newly root can be had a strong impact on; The gradient is more than or equal to the stone face of 30 degree, liver moss is fixed on stone face by available line card again, to prevent liver moss landing; The gradient is less than to the stone face of 30 degree, line card can be stuck in the coring place of the old root of plant, allows erect plants stand firm as far as possible.
The implantation methods of described dendrobium stem, also comprises:
7. fertilizing management
The fertile feature of need of the stem of noble dendrobium:
Green plants needs 16 kinds of mineral elements such as carbon, hydrogen, oxygen, nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium, calcium, magnesium, sulphur, copper, zinc, iron, boron, wherein N P and K three kinds of elements are referred to as three large elements, and calcium magnesium sulphur is referred to as moderate-element, copper, zinc, iron, boron etc. are referred to as trace element.Stem of noble dendrobium growth also needs these mineral elements.The stem of noble dendrobium needs nutrient can from root absorption, also can from Foliage Absorption.Therefore, the existing solid root fertilizer of fertilizer of the stem of noble dendrobium, also has fertilizer for spraying on leaf surface.In the wild, the many growths of the stem of noble dendrobium have on the stone face, slope of liver moss long, and the environment liked humidity, high temperature, shelter from heat or light.Due to this reason, conventional fertilizer application method is often because rainfall causes nutrient loss, and especially mineral manure is even more serious.In field crop, foliage fertilizer is supplementing of root fertilizer material.But for the stem of noble dendrobium grown on stone face, slope, foliage fertilizer is but the ideal style of fertilising.
The nutrient research of the stem of noble dendrobium shows, in stem of noble dendrobium body, nitrogen content size order is blade > root > stem, and the accumulation volume of nitrogen is blade > stem > root.The each organ of content of phosphorus element changes greatly, and comes in general, and phosphorus content size order is blade > stem > root, and accumulation volume size order is stem > blade > root.The degree size of potassium element and accumulation volume size order are blade > stem > root.
Change from the nitrogen accumulation amount of the stem of noble dendrobium, phosphorus accumulation amount change, the change of potassium element accumulation volume, stem slightly changes, biological yield change is found out, stem of noble dendrobium growth generally vigorous period is that July is to October, from October, grow to slow down gradually and even stagnate, along with temperature reduce gradually, the impact of the factor such as planting matrix nutrients loss, the dissimilation of the stem of noble dendrobium is greater than assimilation.
The selection of stem of noble dendrobium fertilizer:
Stem of noble dendrobium fertilizer is suitable for controlled availability fertilizer and takes into account readily avaiable fertilizer, and to meet the needs of various seasons, based on fertilizer, chemical fertilizer is auxiliary.Fertilizer is necessary for the fertilizer through fermentation maturity, and the raw material of fertilizer both can be feces of livestock and poultry, also can be the material that vinasse, bean dregs etc. are rich in N P and K and organic matter.Fertilising both can be executed by root, also can foliage-spray.But from the singularity of growing environment, fertilizer for spraying on leaf surface preferably.Various seasons uses the fertilizer containing different N P and K.Therefore select the high fertilizer of nitrogen content at seedling vigorous period, seedling early growth lag phase, lag phase, based on phosphorus potash fertilizer.
The time of application of the stem of noble dendrobium:
The applying fertilizer time mainly carries out, in order to plant in sprouting, new root in annual spring, summer, autumn.Foliage fertilizer apply fertilizer time, preferably fine day dusk fertilising or early morning as well.If spray rear chance rain to need again to spray.Gather with plant in the winter time and fertilising within first 2 months, should be stopped.
Fertilization principle:
According to the size of seedling, residing growth period, weather condition etc. because usually determining fertilization type, amount of application, accomplish rational application of fertilizers, the thin principle executing Shaoshi.
Fertilizing method:
A.4 at the beginning of the moon, before and after clear and bright, around plant coring, execute foregoing dendrobium stem special fertilizer, concrete grammar is: the non-woven fabrics band of stem of noble dendrobium special fertilizer will be housed along stem of noble dendrobium circulating application, and fixing; This special fertilizer is compound organic and inorganic fertilizer, takes into account available nutrient and imitates nutrient late;
B.4 in ~ May, temperature has been stabilized in more than 16 degree, and the stem of noble dendrobium grows comparatively fast, sprays foregoing foliage fertilizer 1 or foliage fertilizer 2 every 15 days, to promote that plant germinates, long root;
C. 6 ~ September plant enter vigorous period, the demand of plant to nutrient is larger, still sprayed described foliage fertilizer 1 or foliage fertilizer 2 every 15 days, to promote sprouting, new root, Zhan Ye, growth, after fertilising, new strain just can be reached maturity earlier, wins plant secondary then and to tiller autumn bud, improves stem of noble dendrobium output;
D. in 7 ~ September, execute the higher foliage fertilizer of nitrogen content 2, within every 15 days, spray one inferior to blade face;
E.10 about the 22 days moon, " Frost's Descent ", solar term started, and stopped executing formulation fertilizer containing nitrogen, specially executed the phosphorus potash fertilizer that can improve cold hardiness, spray a potassium dihydrogen phosphate, spray 3 ~ 4 times continuously every 10 days.
Claims (9)
1. a dendrobium stem special fertilizer, is characterized in that, is compound organic and inorganic fertilizer, wherein the mass ratio N:P of element
2o
5: K
2o=5:5:5, per ton containing oil cake 100 kilograms, fermentation 150 kilograms, vinasse, fertilizer 500 kilograms, 50 kilograms, urea, general calcium 150 kilograms, potassium sulfate 50 kilograms.
2. dendrobium stem special fertilizer as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that, the preparation method of described fertilizer is: by the cow dung of moisture content 40 ~ 60% and/or pig manure is per ton adds 30 ~ 38 kilograms of anaerobically fermentings and produce bacterial classifications, stirs; At bottom and the surrounding plastics film place mat in hole, will the cow dung of bacterial classification and/or pig manure composting be mixed with wherein, surface coverage plastics film, sealing; At temperature lower than fermenting when 20 DEG C 13 ~ 16 days, when temperature is higher than fermenting when 20 DEG C 8 ~ 11 days.
3. dendrobium stem special fertilizer as claimed in claim 2, it is characterized in that, the preparation method of described fertilizer is: by the cow dung of moisture content 50% and/or pig manure is per ton adds 34 kilograms of anaerobically fermentings and produce bacterial classifications, stirs; At bottom and the surrounding plastics film place mat in hole, will the cow dung of bacterial classification and/or pig manure composting be mixed with wherein, surface coverage plastics film, sealing; At temperature lower than fermenting when 20 DEG C 15 days, when temperature is higher than fermenting when 20 DEG C 10 days.
4. a dendrobium stem foliage fertilizer, comprising:
A. foliage fertilizer 1 is that mineral manure is formulated, and wherein mass percentage content N is 2.7% ~ 3.5%, P
2o
5be 2.1% ~ 2.6%, K
2o is 2.3% ~ 2.7%, trace element comprise copper, zinc, manganese, iron, boron total content be 1.0% ~ 2.5%, pH3.5, use after dilution;
B. foliage fertilizer 2 is the natural pond liquid with pig farm, after decolouring and deodorizing, regulate pH to be 6.5 and to add bio-stimulant to make, the activator containing nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium, calcium, magnesium, sulphur, copper, zinc, manganese, iron, humic acid, amino acid and stimulation root growth, uses after dilution.
5. dendrobium stem foliage fertilizer as claimed in claim 4, it is characterized in that, in described foliage fertilizer 1, mass percentage content N is 3.0%, P
2o
5be 2.5%, K
2o is 2.5%, trace element comprise copper, zinc, manganese, iron, boron total content be 2.0%.
6. dendrobium stem foliage fertilizer as claimed in claim 4, is characterized in that, be diluted to 180 ~ 250 times of former mixeding liquid volume when described foliage fertilizer 1 is used.
7. dendrobium stem foliage fertilizer as claimed in claim 4, is characterized in that, be diluted to 3 ~ 5 times of former mixeding liquid volume when described foliage fertilizer 2 is used.
8. an implantation methods for dendrobium stem, is characterized in that,
1. seedling specification
Every clump of 2 ~ 4 strains, long 6 more than the ㎝ of stem, auxiliary stem long 4 more than ㎝, thick 0.4 more than the ㎝ of stem, thick 0.2 more than the ㎝ of auxiliary stem;
2. site condition is planted
A. height above sea level is at 300m ~ 800m, the region of relative humidity 75% ~ 80%;
B. shelter from heat or light: main employing broad-leaf forest trees are sheltered from heat or light, shade density 55 ~ 70%;
C. ground, stone nook: on stone face the long place, stone nook having liver moss;
D. water condition: near have the water source meeting national grade ii standard;
3. the time is planted
10 ~ April 10 annual March;
4. planting density
Plant by the spacing of 30cm × 30cm;
5. material is prepared
A. before planting 3 months, in advance by for subsequent use for the rotten fermentation of fresh cow dung heap, every mu of fresh cow dung of 3000 clumps of need 50 jin;
B. the line card of 10mm ~ 12mm specification is prepared according to plantation quantity;
C. before planting 3 days, the fresh block liver moss lived is prepared in advance;
6. cultivating method
Comprise the following steps:
When A. planting seedling, by the plantation of 30 × 30cm density, scratched by the liver moss of planting seedling point local, then the coring of seedling, base portion are affixed on stone face line card and fix, root system is wanted naturally to stretch;
When B. fixing seedling with line card, line card should be stuck in the above 1.5cm ~ 2.5cm place of seedling stem base portion, makes seedling be stable in stone face;
C., when following closely pressure seedling, note not blocking tender shoots and damage plant;
D. after fixing seedling, cow dung is become to starch in massfraction than 1:2 ratio thin up with appropriate decomposed cow dung, with brush, cow dung being starched brush sticks with paste around coring, be affixed on plant root and cow dung slurry gently with the liver moss lived again, outside noticing that the base portion of plant should be exposed to, can not cover or cover, otherwise sprouting and the growth of sprouting, newly root can be had a strong impact on; The gradient is more than or equal to the stone face of 30 degree, liver moss is fixed on stone face by available line card again, to prevent liver moss landing; The gradient is less than to the stone face of 30 degree, line card can be stuck in the coring place of the old root of plant, allows erect plants stand firm as far as possible.
9. the implantation methods of dendrobium stem as claimed in claim 8, is characterized in that, also comprise:
7. fertilizing management
A.4 at the beginning of the moon, before and after clear and bright, around plant coring, execute foregoing dendrobium stem special fertilizer, concrete grammar is: the non-woven fabrics band of dendrobium stem special fertilizer will be housed along stem of noble dendrobium circulating application, and fixing;
B.4 in ~ May, temperature has been stabilized in more than 16 degree, and the stem of noble dendrobium grows comparatively fast, sprays foregoing foliage fertilizer 1 or foliage fertilizer 2 every 15 days, to promote that plant germinates, long root;
C. 6 ~ September plant enter vigorous period, the demand of plant to nutrient is larger, still sprayed foregoing foliage fertilizer 1 or foliage fertilizer 2 every 15 days, to promote sprouting, new root, Zhan Ye, growth, after fertilising, new strain just can be reached maturity earlier, wins plant secondary then and to tiller autumn bud, improves stem of noble dendrobium output;
D. in 7 ~ September, execute the higher foliage fertilizer of nitrogen content 2, within every 15 days, spray one inferior to blade face;
E.10 about the 22 days moon, " Frost's Descent ", solar term started, and stopped executing formulation fertilizer containing nitrogen, specially executed the phosphorus potash fertilizer that can improve cold hardiness, spray a potassium dihydrogen phosphate, spray 3 ~ 4 times continuously every 10 days.
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