CN104620920A

CN104620920A - Efficient and sustainable production method for greenhouse and fruit tree potting media

Info

Publication number: CN104620920A
Application number: CN201410648972.1A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 高东升; 肖伟; 李玲; 陈修德; 李冬梅
Original assignee: Shandong Agricultural University
Current assignee: Shandong Agricultural University
Priority date: 2014-11-17
Filing date: 2014-11-17
Publication date: 2015-05-20
Anticipated expiration: 2034-11-17
Also published as: CN104620920B

Abstract

The invention discloses an efficient and sustainable production method for a greenhouse and fruit tree potting media. The method includes the following steps that fruit tree varieties with low chilling requirements are selected in the mid-to-end of March, and greenhouse preliminary seedlings are cultivated outside the greenhouse in a matrix cultivation mode; vegetable production through conventional facilities is carried out inside the greenhouse from the mid of April to the mid of October; in the mid of October, the preliminary seedlings cultivated outside the greenhouse are transferred into the greenhouse for cultivation until the mid of April of the next year; after fruits are picked, the preliminary seedlings are moved out of the greenhouse for conventional management. According to the innovated planting mode, the method that vegetable production through the conventional facilities is adopted in spring and fruit tree production through the facilities is adopted in winter, so facility soil can be cultivated and leave unused alternately, the utilization maximization of the facilities is achieved, economic benefits are achieved, and sustainable development of facility soil ecology is achieved.

Description

A kind of efficient, sustainable production method in greenhouse and fruit tree potting media

Technical field

The present invention relates to greenhouse culture technique field, be specially efficient, the sustainable production method in a kind of greenhouse and fruit tree potting media.

Background technology

China facility cultivation crop mainly contains vegetables, fruit tree, and the next greenhouse of normal conditions is long-term, for many years plantation same fruit tree or vegetables always, and cause continuous cropping disease very serious, main manifestations is: disease, insect pest, soil-borne disease are very serious.In order to the disease of this large amount of generation of prevention and control, the production dynamics of orchard worker, vegetable grower uses chemical fertilizer, agricultural chemicals in a large number, thus cause production process to be difficult to reach the production requirement of safety food.Some areas are due to long-term planting vegetables or fruit tree, and because vegetable grower, orchard worker make using in a large number of chemical fertilizer to chasing of economic interests, cause soil structure in facility to be seriously damaged, furnished equipments can not be carried out again in these areas.

China's tradition cultivates in theory the mode having crop rotation, also have the practice of crop rotation, but they is crop rotation between solanaceous vegetables and base of leaf class vegetables mostly in current furnished equipments process.Because the economic benefit of facility solanaceous vegetables is apparently higher than facility base of leaf class vegetables, so be generally now the base of leaf class vegetables planted after the solanaceous vegetables of having planted the 2-3 even longer time 1 year, this mode can alleviate continuous cropping disease to a certain extent.But two kinds of crops all need large loose water, thus the amount of application of chemical fertilizer still structural deterioration that is very large, soil is still very serious.

The major way of external solution continuous cropping obstacle is had holidays by turns.Having holidays by turns is exactly just do not recultivate after plot cultivates 10-20, allows soil natural repair 10-20 or longer time.Soil under this mode obtains sufficient recuperation, so soil structure is very good.But the fundamental realities of the country that I has a large population and a few land, the possibility had holidays by turns in the soil having blocked let us.

Because fruit tree is perennial plant, what protected fruit trees was produced is generally field planting income for many years.Protected fruit trees is produced and can only be gathered in the crops once for general 1 year.Under existing cultivation mode, there is the most of the time preparing for protected fruit trees production, thus make the availability in greenhouse low.

Summary of the invention

The present invention is directed to above weak point, provide efficient, the sustainable production method in a kind of greenhouse, the present invention innovates cultivation mode and adopts spring stubble to carry out conventional plants Vegetable produce, winter stubble carries out the method for protected fruit trees production, soil in protected field is had holidays by turns, and the utilization realizing facility maximizes, achieves the sustainable development of economic benefit and soil in protected field ecology.

The technical solution adopted for the present invention to solve the technical problems is: efficient, the sustainable production method in a kind of greenhouse, adopt fruit tree and vegetable crop rotation, mid or late March selects the fruit variety that chilling requirement is little, and the mode adopting matrix to cultivate outside greenhouse carries out the cultivation of greenhouse preliminary seedling; Mid-April to mid-October carries out conventional plants Vegetable produce in greenhouse; Preliminary seedling at warm outdoor cultivation is moved into greenhouse and cultivates by mid-October, until Second Year mid-April, after picking fruit, preliminary seedling is shifted out greenhouse and carries out Routine Management.

After fruit tree preliminary seedling moves into greenhouse, between the row and row of fruit tree, plant grass planting, and after fruit tree preliminary seedling shifts out greenhouse, grass meal is broken, plough deeply arable land, the pulse family grass seeds such as grass seed selection alfalfa.

Outside greenhouse, the breeding method of fruit tree preliminary seedling is as follows: mid or late March selects the little kind of chilling requirement: dawn, spring prompt, May sunlight, Kate, the golden sun etc., the ratio of pollinated variety and cultivar is higher than the high quality seedling of 1:3, adopt bore 30cm, degree of depth 30cm, the non-woven bag of volume 20L is as cultivating container, the cultivation matrix prepared is loaded in cultivating container, pours water heavy real; The immersion high-quality thick root in strong sprout of 24 hours is stained with the mud containing bactericide and root-growing agent after cutting new stubble, described mud prescription is: 0.3% potassium dihydrogen phosphate+root-inducing powder+bactericide+water+soil, then be colonizated in non-woven fabrics planting bag, then surely do, heading height is 30 ~ 50cm, and fill with permeable, finally cultivating container soil is played shallow ridge and cover and covering with plastic film; The container of transplanting stock is evenly positioned over the thinner place maybe can not carrying out cultivating of soil layer;

To erase in time after rudiment stock sprout tillers, when young sprout grows to 15-20 centimetre, start 7 days foliage-sprays concentration be 0.3% photosynthetic micro-fertilizer such as the usury of urea and blade face reach; Be in fashion, every first quarter moon every is executed a 25g urea and is watered permeable, until by the end of June; When young sprout grows to 20-25 centimetre, timely pinching inspires branch.July, begin every first quarter moon foliage-spray concentration 0.3% borax, 0.3% potassium dihydrogen phosphate and photosynthetic leaf surface trace fertilizer such as usury of early and middle ten days reached; Be in fashion, till early October; Monthly execute a fruit-specific fertilizer as bright moon alga fertilizer, mu consumption 50 kilograms, connect Shi Sanci; The every strain tree of early and middle ten days in September is used fruit-specific fertilizer 5 kilograms and evenly applies as bright moon alga fertilizer, borax 8 grams, superphosphate 0.6 kilogram etc. mix, and waters permeable after fertilising immediately.Beginning early July foliage-spray 300 times of paclobutrazols or 150 times of PBO, the long short flower of control, sprays number of times depending on peach tree vigo(u)r, generally sprays 1-3 time.

One planting fruit-trees potting media, the composition of described matrix is slag, high-quality of becoming thoroughly decomposed farmyard manure and garden mould, and the proportioning between each composition is: slag: high-quality of becoming thoroughly decomposed fertilizer: garden mould=2:1:3; Above-mentioned slag is the melt based on oxide generated in pyrometallurgical processes; It is one of important products of the process such as the smelting of iron and steel, ferroalloy and nonferrous heavy metal and refining.Main component is CaO, FeO, MgO, MnO (basic anhydride) etc., SiO2, P2O5, Fe2O3 (acidic oxide) etc. and Al2O3 (amphoteric oxide); In addition, often containing sulphide, as contained a small amount of CaS in electrodes with slags after steel smelting, sometimes containing more FeS, Cu2S or Ni3S2 etc. in Smelting furnace for heavy nonferrous metal slag; A small amount of metal is also carried secretly in slag; Indivedual strong reducing property slag contains CaC2.The above-mentioned high-quality farmyard manure that becomes thoroughly decomposed refers to through more than 6 months bank up, become thoroughly decomposed, ferment and the content of organic matter farmyard manure that is greater than 30%.Above-mentioned garden mould refers to experience cultivation management for many years, soil constituent, and structure comparison is stablized and is suitable for the soil that carries out planting.

1, preliminary seedling of the present invention is cultivated to the screening of fruit tree potting media used formula

Test and carry out at Shandong Agricultural University's fruit tree experiment centre in 2000 ~ calendar year 2001, with annual dawn nectarine (Prunus persica (L.) Batsch. Var.nectarina (Ait) Maxim., stock is Qingzhou winter snows honey peach) for examination material.Matrix formulations is as follows: (1) T1, the peat composed of rotten mosses: high-quality of becoming thoroughly decomposed farmyard manure: garden mould=2: 1: 3; (2) T2, charring rice husk: high-quality of becoming thoroughly decomposed farmyard manure: garden mould=2: 1: 3; (3) T3, slag: high-quality of becoming thoroughly decomposed farmyard manure: garden mould=2: 1: 3; (4) T4, become thoroughly decomposed stalk: high-quality of becoming thoroughly decomposed farmyard manure: garden mould=2: 1: 3; (5) T5, gravel: high-quality of becoming thoroughly decomposed farmyard manure: garden mould=2: 1: 3; (6) T6, vermiculite: high-quality of becoming thoroughly decomposed farmyard manure: garden mould=2: 1: 3; (7) CK, high-quality of becoming thoroughly decomposed farmyard manure: garden mould=1: 3, in contrast.

As can be seen from Table 1, the peach plant of each formulation media becomes flower-shaped condition and percentage of fertile fruit and fruit yield and fruit quality difference larger.Wherein fill a prescription the one-tenth spray ratio of T1, T3, bud sum, often to save flower bud number and percentage of fertile fruit the highest in 7 formulas, be significantly higher than CK, significance level reaches P < 0.01; And the These parameters of the T2 that fills a prescription is all lower than contrast, be that in all formulas, effect is the poorest.Same single plant yield is also that formula T1 and T3 is the highest, be significantly higher than contrast, but difference is little between the two, and formula T2 and T4 single plant yield is minimum, and significantly lower than contrast, and both are minimum with T2.Mean fruit weight is the heaviest with T1 and T3 that fill a prescription, and is significantly higher than contrast, and be secondly that formula T4, formula T5 and T6 and contrast difference are not obvious, T2 is minimum for formula, significantly lower than contrast, reaches P < 0.01 significance level.Soluble solid content is that formula T1 and T3 is the highest equally, is significantly higher than contrast, reaches P < 0.05 significance level, and be secondly formula T4, T5 and T6, they are a little more than contrast, and T2 is minimum for formula, is 78% of contrast.To sum up, the flower-shaped condition of one-tenth of peach, plant yield and fruit quality all with add the peat composed of rotten mosses, slag T1 and T3 formulation media effect best, can early high-yield be realized; And add the T2 formulation media of charring rice husk plant its become flower effect and plant yield minimum, significantly lower than contrast, this may be in higher water content for a long time with root system, and aeration condition difference is relevant.

Table 1 different formulations matrix is on the impact of 2 years raw peach Cheng Huayu output and fruit quality

2, preliminary seedling cultivates the screening of cultivating container

Test and carried out in 2001 ~ 2002 years, with annual dawn nectarine (Prunus persica (L.) Batsch. Var.nectarina (Ait) Maxim., stock is Qingzhou winter snows honey peach) for examination material.Cultivating container is respectively: T1 mud earthen basin, T2 nylon braided bag, T3 non-woven bag, and containers size is bore 30cm, dark 30cm, with conventional Root growth in contrast.Cultivation matrix is that through ~ calendar year 2001 in 2000, test showed to have the formulation media slag of promotional value: high-quality of becoming thoroughly decomposed farmyard manure: garden mould=2: 1: 3, for ease of management by each container with native shallow embedding and ridging.

As can be seen from Table 2, each container culturing peach plant becomes flower-shaped condition and percentage of fertile fruit and fruit yield and fruit quality difference larger.Non-woven bag T3 becomes spray ratio, bud sum, often joint flower bud number and percentage of fertile fruit the highest with mud earthen basin T1 cultivating plants, be significantly higher than contrast conventional cultivation, significance level reaches P < 0.01, and wherein mud earthen basin T1 cultivating plants These parameters is again higher than non-woven bag T3 cultivating plants; Nylon braided bag T2 cultivating plants compared with the control difference is little, and These parameters is just a little more than contrast conventional cultivation.Single plant yield and mean fruit weight are then that non-woven bag T3 cultivating plants is the highest, are 171.9% and 121.1% of contrast; Nylon braided bag T2 plant is placed in the middle, is 104.55% and 102% of contrast; Mud earthen basin T1 cultivating plants is minimum, is only 35.95% and 74.15% of contrast.Soluble solid content is then that non-woven bag T3 and mud earthen basin T1 cultivating plants are the highest, and difference of them is little, is significantly better than contrast; Nylon braided bag T2 cultivating plants is with to contrast difference little.

The different cultivating container of table 2 is on the impact of 2 years raw peach Cheng Huayu output and fruit quality

Process

Become spray ratio (%)

Total flower bud number

Often save flower bud number

Percentage of fertile fruit

(kg) is produced in strain

Mean fruit weight (g)

Soluble solid (%)

T1

92.5Aa

383.5A

1.83A

68.2Aa

0.87A

80.3Aa

10.8a

T2

55.6Bb

196.2Ba

0.68Ba

44.7Ba

2.53Ba

110.5Ba

9.6b

T3

89.8Aa

462.4C

1.02C

63.9Ab

4.16C

121.4Bb

11.3c

CK

53.09Bb

180.7Ba

0.56Ab

42.8Ba

2.42Ba

108.3AbBc

9.8b

3, the performance of preliminary seedling in facility

Test and carried out at Shandong Agricultural University's fruit tree experiment centre in 2003 ~ 2004 years, with annual dawn nectarine (Prunus persica (L.) Batsch. Var.nectarina (Ait) Maxim., stock is Qingzhou winter snows honey peach) for examination material.Choose robust growth and neat and consistent and without the annual high quality seedling of damage by disease and insect, be colonizated in the non-woven bag of bore 30cm, dark 30cm on March 20th, 2003,30 strains of planting altogether, tree-plot, repeat 30 times, cultivation matrix is slag: high-quality farmyard manure: garden mould=2:1:3.After measure for promoting blossom, carry out production management in facility, with Root growth conventional in facility (cultivation matrix is for garden mould) for contrast on December 15th, 2003 by then detaining canopy in preliminary seedling immigration arch round type plastic film solar greenhouse.

In peach facility cultivation, it is fast that the temperature rises usually because ground temperature rises slow early stage for button canopy, causes temperature and ground temperature inharmonious, occur " spending after first bud " phenomenon, obviously affect fruit-setting rate and fruit development.Compared with cultivating with contrast conventional plants, use the cultivation of non-woven fabrics planting bag to significantly improve soil temperature, particularly detain canopy in earlier stage, upper soll layer 15cm place ground temperature is than contrast mean height 2.2 DEG C (Fig. 2).During whole button canopy, non-woven fabrics planting bag soil 15cm temperature is all higher than contrast conventional cultivation.

The raising of soil temperature facilitates the activity of root system, be conducive to tree body and absorb nutritive element early and the plant hormones such as synthetic cell mitogen and some important physiological activators, bear fruit for blooming and sufficient nutrient is provided, thus make advance flowering period, efficiently solve peach facility cultivation florescence delayed problem.It is soil physics shape particularly thermal property remarkable improvement compared with soil of formulation media on the one hand that non-woven fabrics planting bag cultivation matrix temperature raises very fast, is because container culturing increases the contact area of Soil and air on the other hand.

With compared with more solito Root growth, non-woven fabrics planting bag all has considerable influence (table 3) to the full-bloom stage of facility cultivation peach, florescent, singly florescence and maturing stage, but has no significant effect the leaf bud phase of coming unsewn.

The peach of outdoor cultivation generally blooms more Zao than germination, and the peach of conventional plants cultivation generally blooms more delayed than germination, and this phenomenon is referred to as usually " after first bud flower ".Non-woven fabrics planting bag cultivation peach blooms than Zao 3 days of germination, effectively prevent " after first bud flower " phenomenon, alleviate the pressure of leaf bud and bud competition stored nutrient, and rhythm of anthesis is neat, overall florescent obviously shortens, but single flower florescent extends, thus adds the chance of peach Pollination Fertilization, lay a good foundation for improving fruit-setting rate.

Non-woven fabrics planting bag cultivation its fructescence of peach is than contrast about 7d in advance, and maturation is relatively more consistent, is convenient to gather.

The comparison in difference in table 3 preliminary seedling facility cultivation and conventional ridging facility cultivation peach phenophase

Process	Full-bloom stage	Leaf bud comes unsewn the phase	Florescence	The singly florescence	Maturing stage
						Preliminary seedling	January 8 A	January 11 a	10A	6a	April 5 A
Contrast CK	January 16 B	January 12 a	15B	4b	April 13 B

4, simple planting facility vegetables, protected fruit trees and Economic and Efficiency Analysis of the present invention

The facilities vegetable of production normal within the scope of our province, the economic benefit of protected fruit trees and economic benefit of the present invention are added up, arrange, analyzed.

Table 4: facilities vegetable, fruit tree and Economic and Efficiency Analysis of the present invention after high yield

Type	Drop into (unit/mu)	Yield of vegetables (kg)	Vegetable price (unit/kg)	Output of the fruit tree (kg)	Fruit tree price (unit/kg)	Output (unit/mu)	Net income (unit/mu)	Input-output ratio (%)
									Facilities vegetable	14000	7000	4	0	0	28000	14000	100
Protected fruit trees	4000	0	0	3000	14	42000	38000	10.5
									The present invention	12000	5000	2	3000	16	58000	46000	26.1

Can show that simple planting facility vegetables are dropped into by every mu by table one data is 14000 yuan, and output is 28000 yuan, and net income is 14000 yuan, and the ratio of input and output is 100%; The input on simple planting facility fruit tree every mu of ground is 4000 yuan, and output is 38000 yuan, and input and output ratio is 10.5%; The present invention drops into relative to simple middle facilities vegetable and decreases 2000 yuan, and output adds 32000 yuan; Drop into increase by 8000 yuan than simple species protected fruit trees, drop into and add 8000 yuan.So compensate for the lower shortcoming of the profit of simple planting facility vegetables from economic benefit this patent, substantially maintain the profit of protected fruit trees, significantly increase relative to the output of simple protected fruit trees, facilities vegetable land area of one unit.

Choose three greenhouses carry out respectively facilities vegetable, protected fruit trees and the inventive method the mode of production, within continuous ten years, add up, arrange, analyze these three kinds of methods under input, output, net profit.

Table 5: continuous ten years facilities vegetables, fruit tree and input of the present invention, output, profit analysis

Can find out that simple planting facility vegetables are due to continuous cropping obstacle by table two, annual input is all in increase, and output income annual is on the contrary all in minimizing, and net income is all in minimizing, until the 9th year because damage of successive crop is too serious, economic benefit is too low, vegetable grower has abandoned plot, this place and has produced.Simple protected fruit trees produces the annual input of the first seven years, income, net income are all more stable, along with the growth of the fruit tree age of tree, annual input also in increase, income also in minimizing, net income is in minimizing.Analyze prerequisite is that the kind selected had obvious advantage in these 10 years about protected fruit trees.The time according to the fruit variety of a statistics furnished equipments with better productivity is generally 5-10.If market occurs that proterties is obviously better than selected kind, the benefit of the production of protected fruit trees also can significantly decline, and can face serious continuous cropping risk.And this input in 10 years of production method of the present invention, income, net income are all more stable, the income of more than 45000 yuan/mu generally can be obtained.If upgrading appears in the kind of protected fruit trees, the present invention can realize Cultivar replacing fast, can not face damage of successive crop, can not affect economic benefit.

Accompanying drawing explanation

It is production technology flow chart of the present invention shown in Fig. 1;

Facility cultivation non-woven fabrics planting bag and conventional Root growth 15cm soil temperature comparison in difference shown in Fig. 2.

Embodiment

Embodiment 1

Efficient, the sustainable production method in a kind of greenhouse, includes following steps:

(1) cultivation of facility peach preliminary seedling.This step is that the 3rd step cultivates material.

Mid or late March selects the little kind dawn of chilling requirement, and the ratio of pollinated variety and cultivar is the high quality seedling of 1:3, and nursery stock requirement sprout is full, branch is sturdy, root system is complete and flourishing.Adopt bore 30cm, degree of depth 30cm(volume is about 20L) non-woven bag as cultivating container.Adopt with slag, high-quality of becoming thoroughly decomposed farmyard manure and garden mould for raw material, according to slag: high-quality of becoming thoroughly decomposed fertilizer: the cultivation matrix of garden mould=2:1:3 mixed preparing.

Cultivation matrix is complete for subsequent use according to said ratio preparation, then the cultivation matrix prepared is loaded cultivating container, pour water heavy real.The immersion high-quality thick root in strong sprout of 24 hours is stained with the mud (mud prescription: 0.3% potassium dihydrogen phosphate+root-inducing powder+bactericide+water+soil) containing bactericide and root-growing agent after cutting new stubble, be colonizated in cultivating container, then surely do, heading height is 30 ~ 50cm, and fill with permeable, finally cultivating container soil is played shallow ridge and cover and covering with plastic film.The container of transplanting stock is evenly positioned over the thinner place maybe can not carrying out cultivating of soil layer.

To erase in time after rudiment stock sprout tillers.When young sprout grows to 15-20 centimetre, 7 days foliage-sprays concentration be 0.3% photosynthetic micro-fertilizer such as the usury of urea and blade face reach; Be in fashion, every first quarter moon every is executed a 25g urea and is watered permeable, until by the end of June; When young sprout grows to 20-25 centimetre, timely pinching inspires branch.July, begin every first quarter moon foliage-spray concentration 0.3% borax, 0.3% potassium dihydrogen phosphate and photosynthetic leaf surface trace fertilizer such as usury of early and middle ten days reached; Be in fashion, till early October; Monthly execute a fruit-specific fertilizer as bright moon alga fertilizer, mu consumption 50 kilograms, connect Shi Sanci; The every strain tree of early and middle ten days in September is used fruit-specific fertilizer 5 kilograms and evenly applies as bright moon alga fertilizer, borax 8 grams, superphosphate 0.6 kilogram etc. mix, and waters permeable after fertilising immediately.Beginning early July foliage-spray 300 times of paclobutrazols or 150 times of PBO, the long short flower of control, sprays number of times depending on peach tree vigo(u)r, generally sprays 1 time.

(2) conventional plants Vegetable produce.This step is the production of support facility vegetables.

Carried out conventional vegetable production in green house from April 10 to mid-October, the mode of production of facilities vegetable carries out producing routinely.

(3) preliminary seedling is transplanted to greenhouse.This step and second step carry out the change of crops and produce.

Mid-October vegetable production in green house complete after organic fertilizer 2500kg/ mu, to plough deeply, whole.Mid-October, preliminary seedling is moved into greenhouse by solar heat, put according to seeding row spacing 0.6 ~ 1 meter × 1.2 ~ 1.5 meters, and cultivating container is used native shallow embedding by ridging.

(4) grass is planted in the ranks.This step provides material for the 7th step.

Preliminary seedling is transplanted to greenhouse, plants grass in the ranks, and grass seeds adopts: the pulse family grass seeds such as alfalfa.

(5) covering film, rises low temperature.This step is that the 6th step is prepared.

Before button canopy 20 ~ 30 days soil water permeable after, covering with plastic film on ridge.

(6) conventional plants production of fruit trees.This step is support facility production of fruit trees.

Conventional plants fruit growing management is carried out after detaining canopy to fruit picking mid-April from mid-December.

(7) transplant seedlings out canopy, pulverize green manure, plough deeply wholely.This step is that second step is prepared.

After preliminary seedling being shifted out greenhouse after fruit picking, carry out outdoor peach daily management.Alfalfa green manure is pulverized, ploughs deeply wholely.Start conventional plants Vegetable produce.

Embodiment 2

(1) cultivation of facility apricot preliminary seedling.This step is that the 3rd step cultivates material.

Mid or late March selects the little kind Kate of chilling requirement, and the ratio of pollinated variety and cultivar is the high quality seedling of 1:3, and nursery stock requirement sprout is full, branch is sturdy, root system is complete and flourishing.Adopt bore 30cm, degree of depth 30cm(volume is about 20L) non-woven bag as cultivating container.Adopt with slag, high-quality of becoming thoroughly decomposed farmyard manure and garden mould for raw material, according to slag: high-quality of becoming thoroughly decomposed fertilizer: the cultivation matrix of garden mould=2:1:3 mixed preparing.

To erase in time after rudiment stock sprout tillers.When young sprout grows to 15-20 centimetre, 7 days foliage-sprays concentration be 0.3% photosynthetic micro-fertilizer such as the usury of urea and blade face reach; Be in fashion, the every strain of every first quarter moon is executed a 25g urea and is watered permeable, until by the end of June; When young sprout grows to 20-25 centimetre, timely pinching inspires branch.July, begin every first quarter moon foliage-spray concentration 0.3% borax, 0.3% potassium dihydrogen phosphate and photosynthetic leaf surface trace fertilizer such as usury of early and middle ten days reached; Be in fashion, till early October; Monthly execute a fruit-specific fertilizer as bright moon alga fertilizer, mu consumption 50 kilograms, connect Shi Sanci; The every strain tree of early and middle ten days in September is used fruit-specific fertilizer 5 kilograms and evenly applies as bright moon alga fertilizer, borax 8 grams, superphosphate 0.6 kilogram etc. mix, and waters permeable after fertilising immediately.Beginning early July foliage-spray 300 times of paclobutrazols or 150 times of PBO, the long short flower of control, sprays number of times depending on peach tree vigo(u)r, generally sprays 3 times.

(4) grass is planted in the ranks.This step provides material for the 7th step.

After preliminary seedling being shifted out greenhouse after fruit picking, carry out outdoor peach, apricot daily management.Alfalfa green manure is pulverized, ploughs deeply wholely.Start conventional plants Vegetable produce.

Certainly, above-mentioned explanation is not limitation of the present invention, and the present invention is also not limited in above-mentioned citing, and the change that those skilled in the art make in essential scope of the present invention, remodeling, interpolation or replacement also should belong to protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. efficient, the sustainable production method in greenhouse, adopts fruit tree and vegetable crop rotation, it is characterized in that: mid or late March selects the fruit variety that chilling requirement is little, and the mode adopting matrix to cultivate outside greenhouse carries out the cultivation of greenhouse preliminary seedling; Mid-April to mid-October carries out conventional plants Vegetable produce in greenhouse; Preliminary seedling at warm outdoor cultivation is moved into greenhouse and cultivates by mid-October, until Second Year mid-April, after picking fruit, preliminary seedling is shifted out greenhouse and carries out Routine Management.

2. efficient, the sustainable production method in a kind of greenhouse according to claim 1, is characterized in that: after fruit tree preliminary seedling moves into greenhouse, between the row and row of fruit tree, plant grass planting, and after fruit tree preliminary seedling shifts out greenhouse, grass meal is broken, plough deeply arable land, the pulse family grass seeds such as grass seed selection alfalfa.

3. efficient, the sustainable production method in a kind of greenhouse according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: outside greenhouse, the breeding method of fruit tree preliminary seedling is as follows: mid or late March selects the kind that chilling requirement is little, the pollinated variety of configuration and the ratio of cultivar are higher than the high quality seedling of 1:3, adopt bore 30cm, degree of depth 30cm, the cultivation matrix prepared, as cultivating container, loads in cultivating container by the non-woven bag of volume 20L, pours water heavy real; The immersion high-quality thick root in strong sprout of 24 hours is stained with the mud containing bactericide and root-growing agent after cutting new stubble, then be colonizated in non-woven fabrics planting bag, then surely do, heading height is 30 ~ 50cm, and fill with permeable, finally cultivating container soil is played shallow ridge and cover and covering with plastic film; The container of transplanting stock is evenly positioned over the thinner place maybe can not carrying out cultivating of soil layer; To erase in time after rudiment stock sprout tillers, when young sprout grows to 15-20 centimetre, start the photosynthetic micro-fertilizer of every 7 days foliage-sprays 0.3% urea and blade face, every first quarter moon combines to water every executes 25g urea, until by the end of June; When young sprout grows to 20-25 centimetre, timely pinching inspires branch; July, early and middle ten days began every first quarter moon foliage-spray 0.3% borax and 0.3% potassium dihydrogen phosphate and photosynthetic leaf surface trace fertilizer, till early October; Executing fruit-specific fertilizer in conjunction with watering, mu consumption 50 kilograms, connecting Shi Sanci; Early and middle ten days in September every strain tree uses fruit-specific fertilizer 5 kilograms, borax 8 grams, superphosphate 0.6 kilogram mix and evenly applies, and waters permeable after fertilising immediately; Beginning early July foliage-spray 300 times of paclobutrazols or 150 times of PBO, the long short flower of control, sprays number of times depending on peach tree vigo(u)r, generally sprays 1-3 time.

4. a planting fruit-trees potting media as used in claim 3, is characterized in that: the composition of described matrix is slag, high-quality of becoming thoroughly decomposed farmyard manure and garden mould, and the proportioning between each composition is: slag: high-quality of becoming thoroughly decomposed fertilizer: garden mould=2:1:3.