CN104507779A - 具有基于电动机转矩计算发动机转矩的装置的混合动力车辆用驱动*** - Google Patents
具有基于电动机转矩计算发动机转矩的装置的混合动力车辆用驱动*** Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
本发明涉及驱动***和驱动车辆(1)的方法。驱动***1包括燃式发动机(2)、变速箱(3)、电机(9)、以及行星齿轮装置。驱动***包括控制单元(18),所述控制单元配置成获取与电机(9)的用于驱动车辆(1)的扭矩(Tel)相关的信息,并且当电机的扭矩(Tel)和燃式发动机的扭矩(T1c)之间的关系已知时,计算至少在第一运转状况(Di)下用于驱动车辆(1)的燃式发动机(2)的扭矩(T1c)。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及根据权利要求1的前序部分的驱动***和根据权利要求11的前序部分的车辆驱动方法。
背景技术
在变速箱中使用的用于在变速过程期间将变速箱的输入轴与燃式发动机脱离连接的传统离合器机构存在一些缺点。当静止车辆起动时,离合器机构的盘彼此抵靠着滑动。由此,盘被加热。这种加热导致油耗增加且离合器盘磨损。传统离合器机构也相对重且昂贵。它也占据车辆中的相对大的空间。使用液压变矩器也导致损失。
混合动力车辆可以由可以是燃式发动机的主原动机和可以是电机的辅助原动机驱动。电机配备有用于存储电力的至少一个电能存储器和用于控制电能存储器和电机之间的电力流动的控制设备。电机由此可以依据车辆的运转状态交替地用作电动机和发电机。当车辆被制动时,电机产生存储于电能存储器中的电力。存储电力后来例如被用于驱动车辆和操作车辆中的不同辅助***。
还没有公开的瑞典专利申请SE 1051384-4示出一种具有行星齿轮装置的混合动力驱动***,所述行星齿轮装置包括三个部件,即,太阳轮、行星轮架以及齿圈。行星齿轮装置的三个部件中的其中一个连接到燃式发动机的输出轴,行星齿轮装置的第二部件连接到变速箱的输入轴,并且行星齿轮装置的第三部件连接到电机的转子。电机连接到电能存储器,以使得电机可以交替地用作电动机和发电机。可以无级地控制电机的转速。通过控制电机的转速,变速箱的输入轴可以被赋予理想转速。利用根据文献SE1051384-4的混合动力***,无需在车辆的传动系中使用离合器机构。
燃式发动机的扭矩和电机的扭矩一起提供车辆的驱动扭矩。然而,燃式发动机经常被用于操作车辆中的不同组件。也存在与包括在燃式发动机中的部件的设计有关的不确定性、磨损老化等等。燃料品质、燃料温度和燃式发动机的温度是使得确定燃式发动机供应以用于运转的扭矩、且由此驱动车辆的扭矩变得困难的其他因素。然而,重要的是,燃式发动机在某些运转状态(例如,当齿轮被移位时以及当使行星齿轮装置脱离啮合时等)下以高精度提供被要求的扭矩。
发明内容
本发明的目的在于提供一种初始提及类型的用于车辆的驱动***,其中,用于驱动车辆的燃式发动机的扭矩可以以高精度被确定。
这个目的通过初始提及类型的驱动***实现,其具有被权利要求1的特征部分具体化的特征。当驱动根据权利要求1的前序部分所述的车辆时,用于驱动车辆的扭矩通过驾驶员以加速踏板要求。控制单元要求电机将传递的扭矩和燃式发动机将传递的扭矩,以使得车辆获得被驾驶员要求的扭矩。控制单元可以控制用于将电能输入输出电机的合适的控制机构,以使得电机传递用于驱动车辆的被确定的扭矩。控制机构可以以一定的相位和振幅将电流输入输出电机,以使得电机提供被要求的扭矩。被供应的电流的相位和振幅也可以在需要时被测量,以确保电机传递被要求的扭矩。电机传递以用于驱动车辆的扭矩可以在大多数情况下以非常高的精度被确定。
在行星齿轮装置中,存在被包括的部件的扭矩之间的关联关系,所述关联关系被各个部件的轮齿的数量限定。由于电机和燃式发动机连接到行星齿轮装置的相应一个部件,可以通过电机的扭矩的信息计算燃式发动机的扭矩。借助于燃式发动机的被计算的扭矩,与如果燃式发动机的供应扭矩仅基于更多的传统信息(诸如,注入的燃料量等等)相比,可以实现燃式发动机的供应扭矩更精确的确定。燃式发动机的供应扭矩的这种精确确定可以在许多背景下使用。
根据本发明的一个实施方式,控制单元配置成将在第一运转状况下的燃式发动机的被计算的扭矩与燃式发动机的被要求的扭矩相比较。因此,燃式发动机的被计算的扭矩比燃式发动机的被要求的扭矩给出更可靠的燃式发动机的供应扭矩的信息。因此,燃式发动机并非一直以高精度提供被要求的扭矩。通过将燃式发动机的被计算的扭矩与燃式发动机的被要求的扭矩相比较,燃式发动机的供应扭矩和燃式发动机的被要求的扭矩之间可能的偏差可以被确定。
根据本发明的一个实施方式,控制单元配置成存储与在所述第一运转状况下的燃式发动机的被计算的扭矩和燃式发动机的被要求的扭矩之间的偏差相关的信息,并且使用这个被存储的信息控制在第二运转状况下的燃式发动机。在这种情况下,与燃式发动机的被计算的扭矩和燃式发动机的被要求的扭矩之间可能的偏差相关的信息被存储。通过与可能的这种偏差相关的信息,燃式发动机可以从此以这样的方式被控制,以使得偏差被消除或至少明显减小。控制单元可以调整被注射燃料的量,以使得偏差被消除。
根据本发明的一个实施方式,控制单元配置成存储与在燃式发动机的不同运转状态下的燃式发动机的被计算的扭矩和燃式发动机的被要求的扭矩之间的偏差相关的信息。在这种情况下,燃式发动机的被要求的扭矩和燃式发动机的供应扭矩之间的偏差在不同运转状态下以高可能性变化。偏差可以随着操作参数(诸如,燃式发动机的转速和扭矩)变化。因此,适于存储提供有关偏差如何随着不同运转参数变化的信息。借助于这个信息,可以在燃式发动机的基本所有运转状态下以高精度确定燃式发动机的供应扭矩。
根据本发明的一个实施方式,控制单元配置成在后续的第一运转状况期间补充和/或更新所述被存储的与燃式发动机的被计算的扭矩和燃式发动机的被要求的扭矩之间的偏差相关的信息。燃式发动机不以理想的精度传递被要求的扭矩的一个原因在于,燃式发动机也操作车辆中的数个辅助组件,所述数个辅助组件的形式为冷却液体泵、散热风扇、空调设备的压缩机等等。当燃式发动机操作辅助组件随着例如时间和周围温度变化时,适于相对频繁地补充和/或更新被存储的与燃式发动机的被计算的扭矩和燃式发动机的被要求的扭矩之间的偏差相关的信息。燃式发动机不传递被要求的扭矩的其他原因可能取决于相关于供应燃料的部件、燃料的品质和温度的因素。
根据本发明的一个实施方式,控制单元配置成在当要求燃式发动机以高精度供应被要求的扭矩时的第二运转状况下,使用燃式发动机的被计算的扭矩控制燃式发动机。在某些运转状况下,尤其重要的是燃式发动机以高精度供应被要求的扭矩。这种运转状况是当档位将从变速箱断开时。为此,必须在变速箱中形成无扭矩状态。利用与高精度的燃式发动机的供应扭矩相关的信息,档位的断开过程可以更快且更准确地发生。
根据本发明的一个实施方式,行星齿轮装置包括联接构件,通过联接构件可以将燃式发动机的输出轴和变速箱的输入轴相对于彼此锁定,并且控制单元配置成确定在当联接构件处于非锁定位置时的第一运转状况下的燃式发动机的被计算的扭矩,在非锁定位置,所述轴能够以不同转速旋转。实践中,可以在当联接构件处于非锁定位置时的所有运转状况下计算燃式发动机的扭矩。然而,当可以在相当大的转速和扭矩范围内计算燃式发动机的扭矩时,在相连车辆的某些特定运转状况下计算燃式发动机的扭矩是有利的。这些运转状况可以是当通过自由行星齿轮装置车辆起动时、当齿轮在车辆中移位时、以及当车辆在燃式发动机怠速运转时以相对小的扭矩驱动时。
根据本发明的一个实施方式,控制单元配置成借助于参数(诸如,在行星齿轮装置中燃式发动机的输出轴和电机之间的传动比、电机的惯性矩、电机的加速度、燃式发动机的惯性矩、以及燃式发动机的加速度)计算燃式发动机供应的扭矩以用于驱动车辆。在当燃式发动机的输出轴和电机以恒定转速旋转时的运转状况下,获得燃式发动机和电机之间的扭矩分布,所述扭矩分布由行星齿轮装置中的各部件之间的传动比限定。在当电机改变转速时的运转状况下,已经将电机的转速(加速度)和惯性矩中的改变计算在内,以能够计算燃式发动机的扭矩。电机的惯性矩是已知参数。电子转速的改变可以通过被在两个时间点处的转速的差值确定。在当燃式发动机改变转速的运转状况下,必须以对应的方式将燃式发动机的转速(加速度)和惯性矩的改变计算在内,以能够计算燃式发动机的扭矩。燃式发动机的惯性矩是已知参数。燃式发动机的转速的改变可以通过在两个时间点处的转速的差值确定。因此,由于可以相对容易地以高精度确定或估计其他参数,相对易于计算燃式发动机的扭矩。
根据本发明的另一优选实施方式,燃式发动机的输出轴连接到行星齿轮装置的太阳轮,变速箱的输入轴连接到行星齿轮装置的行星轮架,并且电机的转子连接到行星齿轮装置的齿圈。通过这种设计,被包括的部件可以被赋予紧凑构造。太阳轮和行星轮架可以借助于花键接头或类似物分别连接到燃式发动机的输出轴和变速箱的输入轴。由此确保太阳轮以与燃式发动机的输出轴相同的转速旋转,并且行星轮架以与变速箱的输入轴相同的转速旋转。电机的转子可以固定地设置在齿圈的外周边表面上。齿圈的内周边表面通常设有轮齿。齿圈的外周边表面通常是光滑的并且非常适于携载电机的转子。齿圈和电机的转子由此形成可旋转单元。作为替换方案,电机的转子可以连接到齿圈经由传动结构。然而,可以将燃式发动机的输出轴、变速箱的输入轴以及电机的转子与行星齿轮装置中的任何其他部件连接。
初始提及的目的也通过根据权利要求11-20所述的方法实现。
附图说明
以下参考附图描述作为实施例的本发明的优选实施方式,在附图中:
图1示出根据本发明的具有驱动***的车辆的传动系,
图2更详细地示出驱动***,并且
图3示出流程图,所述流程图示出根据本发明的方法的一个实施方式。
具体实施方式
图1示出用于重载车辆1的传动系。传动系包括燃式发动机2、变速箱3、多个驱动轴4和驱动轮5。燃式发动机2和变速箱3之间,传动系包括中间部分6。图2更详细地示出中间部分6中的部件。在中间部分6中,燃式发动机2设有输出轴2a,而变速箱3设有输入轴3a。燃式发动机的输出轴2a相对于变速箱的输入轴3a同轴地设置。燃式发动机的输出轴2a和变速箱的输入轴3a围绕共同旋转轴线7可旋转地设置。中间部分6包括包封电机9和行星齿轮装置的壳体8。电机9以惯常方式包括定子9a和转子9b。定子9a包括以适当的方式附接在壳体8的内侧上的定子芯。定子芯包括定子的绕组。电机9配置成在某些运转状态期间使用被存储的电力向变速箱的输入轴3a供应驱动动力,并且在其他运转状态期间使用变速箱的输入轴3的动能获取且存储电力。
行星齿轮装置在电机的定子9a和转子9b的大致径向内侧设置。行星齿轮装置以惯常方式包括太阳轮10、齿圈11以及行星轮架12。行星轮架12携载多个嵌齿轮13,所述多个嵌齿轮在太阳轮10的轮齿和齿圈11的轮齿之间的径向空间中可旋转地设置。太阳轮10附接在燃式发动机的输出轴2a的周边表面上。太阳轮10和燃式发动机的输出轴2a作为一个单元以第一转速n1旋转。行星轮架12包括附接部分12a,所述附接部分借助于花键接头14附接在变速箱的输入轴3a的周边表面上。借助于这个接头,行星轮架12和变速箱的输入轴3a可以作为一个单元以第二转速n2旋转。齿圈11包括外周边表面,转子9b固定地安装在外周边表面上。转子9b和齿圈11构成以第三转速n3旋转的可旋转单元。
由于燃式发动机2和变速箱3之间的中间部分6在车辆中受到限制,需要电机9和行星齿轮装置构成紧凑单元。行星齿轮装置的部件10-12在此于电机的定子9a的大致径向内侧设置。电机的转子9b、行星齿轮装置的齿圈11、燃式发动机的输出轴2a以及变速箱的输入轴3a在此围绕共同旋转轴线5可旋转地设置。通过这种设计,电机9和行星齿轮装置占据相对小的空间。
车辆包括能够在第一打开位置和第二锁定位置之间移动的锁定机构,在第一打开位置,行星齿轮装置的三个部件10-12被允许以不同转速旋转,在第二锁定位置,锁定机构将行星齿轮装置的其中两个部件10、12锁定在一起,以使得行星齿轮装置的三个部件10-12以相同转速旋转。在这个实施方式中,锁定机构包括可移位联接构件15。联接构件15借助于花键接头16附接在燃式发动机的输出轴2a上。联接构件15在这种情况下不可转动地设置在燃式发动机的输出轴2a上,并且沿轴向方向可移位地设置在燃式发动机的输出轴2a上。联接构件15包括与行星轮架12的联接部分12b可连接的联接部分15a。锁定机构包括示意性示出的移位部件17,所述移位部件配置成使联接构件15在当联接部分15a、12b未彼此啮合时的第一自由位置I1和当联接部分15a、12b彼此啮合时的第二锁定位置I2之间移位。在第一打开位置,燃式发动机的输出轴2和变速箱的输入轴3可以以不同转速旋转。当联接部分15a、12b彼此啮合时,燃式发动机的输出轴2和变速箱的输入轴3将以相同转速旋转。
电子控制单元18配置成控制移位部件17。控制单元18也配置成确定在哪些运转状况下电机9用作电动机且在哪些运转状况下电机用作发电机。为了确定这些内容,控制单元18可以从合适的运转参数接收现行信息。控制单元18可以是具有为此目的的合适软件的计算机。控制单元18可以一个或多个独立的单元。控制单元18也控制示意性示出的控制设备19,所述控制设备控制混合动力电池20和电机的定子9a之间的电力流动。在当电机9用作电动机时的运转状况下,被存储的电力从混合动力电池20供应到定子9a。在当电机用作发电机时的运转状况下,来自定子9a的电力被供应到混合动力电池20。混合动力电池20传递且存储具有大约200-800伏特的额定电压的电力。车辆1配备有电动机控制功能器件26,通过电动机控制功能器件可以控制燃式发动机的扭矩T1和转速n1。控制单元18例如可以在档位连通和断开于变速箱3中时启动电动机控制功能器件26,以形成变速箱3中的无扭矩状态。
在车辆1的运转期间,驾驶员经由示意性示出的加速踏板21要求扭矩以驱动车辆1。控制单元18确定电机9将传递的扭矩T3和燃式发动机将传递的扭矩T1,以使得车辆以被要求的扭矩T驱动。控制单元18将控制机构19控制,以使得控制机构将电流以如此的振幅和相位从混合动力电池20引导到电机9,以使得电机9获得被要求的扭矩T3。电机9传递以用于驱动车辆1的扭矩T3被以高精度供应或接收。控制单元18控制燃式发动机2中的示意性示出的注射部件22,以使得燃料以对应于被要求的扭矩T1的量被注射。然而,燃式发动机2经常被用于操作车辆1中的不同组件。正是尤其由于这个原因,燃式发动机2并非一直以理想的精度供应被要求的扭矩T1。这些原因中的其他内容与燃式发动机的供应燃料的部件、燃料的品质和温度相关。
在行星齿轮装置中,存在太阳轮10、齿圈11和行星轮架12的扭矩之间的关联关系,所述关联关系被各个部件10-12的轮齿的数量限定。由于电机9和燃式发动机2分别连接到行星齿轮装置的其中一个部件10、12,可以通过与电机的估计扭矩T3相关的信息计算燃式发动机2的扭矩T1c。由于电机9的供应扭矩T3可以以高精度确定,燃式发动机2的被计算的扭矩T1c以高精度对应于燃式发动机的真实供应扭矩。
燃式发动机2的扭矩T1c可以根据下述关联关系被计算
i(-J3dw3/dt+T3)=(-J1dw1/dt+T1c)
i=在行星齿轮装置中电机和燃式发动机之间的传动比,
J3=电机的惯性矩,
J1=燃式发动机的惯性矩,
Tel=电机的估计扭矩,
T1c=燃式发动机的被计算的扭矩,
dwel/dt=电机的角速度的时间导数,以及
dw1/dt=燃式发动机的角速度的时间导数。
J3和J1是已知数,而dwel/dt和dw1/dt分别指代电子电动机9和燃式发动机2的加速度,并且可以被确定为两个时间点之间的对于各个部件的单位时间转速的差值。由于其他参数的关联关系已知,燃式发动机2的扭矩T1c可以被计算。
因此,T1是已经被控制单元18要求的扭矩,燃式发动机2将供应所述扭矩以用于驱动车辆1。T1c构成被计算估计的真实扭矩,燃式发动机在驱动车辆1时供应所述真实扭矩。被计算的扭矩T1c因此以高精度对应于真实扭矩。燃式发动机的被要求的扭矩T1和真实扭矩之间的误差由此可以被估计为被要求的扭矩T1和被计算的扭矩T1c之间的偏差。
通过观察以上提及的扭矩关系中的误差,校正模型l中的参数例如可以被估计;
T1ce*=ε1T1ce+ε0
参数ε1和ε0通过已知技术(例如RLS)估计,并且被存储以在以后用于校正来自燃式发动机的扭矩。所述校正的改进的精度在例如电动机控制式齿轮移位期间是有益的。
图3示出描述用于驱动车辆1的方法的流程图。所述方法在步骤30处开始。在当联接部分15a、12b未彼此啮合并且行星齿轮装置处于非锁定位置时的车辆的第一运转状况D1下,可以计算燃式发动机供应的扭矩T1c。在步骤31处,这种第一运转状况D1发生。适于这种第一运转状况D1的有当车辆通过自由行星齿轮装置起动时、当齿轮在车辆中移位时、以及当燃式发动机以怠速转速驱动的同时车辆以低的正或负驱动扭矩驱动时。在步骤32处,燃式发动机的供应扭矩T1c借助于电机的扭矩Tel依据至少一个被要求的扭矩T1和转速n1被计算。有利地,在与燃式发动机2的被要求的扭矩T1和转速n1有关的相当大范围内,大量的扭矩T1c被计算。
在步骤33处,被要求的扭矩T1与被计算的T1c相比较。在许多情况下,在此由于燃式发动机2不会一直以高精度传递被要求的扭矩T1而存在偏差。因此,与被要求的扭矩T1和被计算的扭矩T1c之间的偏差相关的信息有利地在燃式发动机2的不同扭矩T1和转速n1处确定。在步骤34处,校正模型l被形成并且校正系数K被计算,其限定偏差如何随着燃式发动机的扭矩T1和转速n1变化。这种校正系数K可以根据合适的数学方法(诸如,最小二乘法)被确定。如果新的合适的车辆的第一运转状况D1发生,则在此所述方法可以在步骤31处再次开始,此处合适的是计算燃式发动机2的供应扭矩T1c以补充或更新校正模型l和校正系数K。否则当第二运转状况D2发生时,所述方法在步骤35处继续,此处燃式发动机2将以高精度传递被要求的扭矩T1。这种第二运转状况D2可以是当在变速箱3中将形成无扭矩状态以使档位断开时。另一这种第二运转状况D2可以是当在太阳轮10和行星轮架12之间将形成无扭矩状态以使联接构件15脱离啮合时。
在步骤36处,燃料I的量借助于被要求的扭矩T1和校正系数K被确定,燃料I的量将注入燃式发动机2以使得被要求的扭矩T1以高精度被获得。借助于这种校正模型,控制单元18可以控制注射部件22,从而注射部件注射燃料的量使得燃式发动机2以高精度提供被要求的扭矩T1。在此之后,在车辆继续运转期间发生下一第二运转状况D2的情况下,所述方法继续在步骤35处。作为替换方案,当新的第一运转状况D1发生时,所述方法在步骤31处继续,此处适于计算燃式发动机2的供应扭矩T1c以补充或更新校正模型l和校正系数K。由于燃式发动机2可以间歇地或以变化的动力操作车辆中的某些组件,重要的是校正系数相对频繁地更新。在以上提及的方法中,仅在当燃式发动机2必须以高精度提供被要求的扭矩T1时的运转状况下使用校正系数K。然而,可以在所有运转状况下使用校正系数。
本发明绝非被限制于依据附图描述的实施方式,而是可以在权利要求的范围内自由地变化。例如,具有变速比的传动结构可以设置转子9和齿圈11之间。转子9和齿圈11因此不是必须以相同转速旋转。
Claims (23)
1.一种用于车辆(1)的驱动***,其中,驱动***包括:具有输出轴(2a)的燃式发动机(2),具有输入轴(3a)的变速箱(3),包括定子(9a)和转子(9b)的电机(9),以及包括太阳轮(10)、齿圈(11)和行星轮架(12)的行星齿轮装置,其中,燃式发动机的输出轴(2a)连接到行星齿轮装置的上述各部件中的第一部件,以使得输出轴(2a)的旋转引起第一部件的旋转,其中,变速箱的输入轴(3a)连接到行星齿轮装置的上述各部件中的第二部件,以使得输入轴的旋转引起第二部件的旋转,并且电机的转子(9b)连接到行星齿轮装置的上述各部件中的第三部件,以使得转子(9b)的旋转引起第三部件的旋转,其特征在于,驱动***包括控制单元(18),所述控制单元配置成获取与电机(9)的用于驱动车辆(1)的扭矩(Tel)相关的信息,并且当电机的扭矩(Tel)和燃式发动机的扭矩(T1c)之间存在已知关系时,计算至少在第一运转状况(D1)下燃式发动机(2)的用于驱动车辆的扭矩(T1c)。
2.根据权利要求1所述的驱动***,其特征在于,控制单元(18)配置成将在所述第一运转状况(D1)下的燃式发动机的被计算的扭矩(T1c)与燃式发动机(2)的被要求的扭矩(T1)相比较。
3.根据权利要求2所述的驱动***,其特征在于,控制单元(18)配置成存储与在所述第一运转状况(D1)下的燃式发动机的被计算的扭矩(T1c)和燃式发动机的被要求的扭矩(T1)之间的偏差相关的信息,并且使用这个被存储的信息在第二运转状况(D2)下控制燃式发动机(2)。
4.根据权利要求3所述的驱动***,其特征在于,控制单元(18)配置成存储与在燃式发动机(2)的不同运转状态(T1,n1)下的燃式发动机的被计算的扭矩(T1c)和燃式发动机的被要求的扭矩(T1)之间的偏差相关的信息。
5.根据权利要求3或4所述的驱动***,其特征在于,控制单元(18)配置成在后续的第一运转状况(D1)期间补充和/或更新所述被存储的与燃式发动机的被计算的扭矩(T1c)和燃式发动机的被要求的扭矩(T1)之间的偏差相关的信息。
6.根据前述权利要求3至5中任一所述的驱动***,其特征在于,控制单元(18)配置成在当要求燃式发动机(2)以高精度供应被要求的扭矩(T1)时的第二运转状况(D2)下使用燃式发动机的被计算的扭矩(T1c)控制燃式发动机(2)。
7.根据权利要求6所述的驱动***,其特征在于,控制单元(18)配置成在第二运转状况(D2)下,诸如当档位将从变速箱断开时,使用燃式发动机的被计算的扭矩(T1c)控制燃式发动机(2)。
8.根据前述权利要求任一所述的驱动***,其特征在于,行星齿轮装置包括联接构件(15),通过联接构件能够将燃式发动机的输出轴2a和变速箱的输入轴3a相对于彼此锁定,并且控制单元(18)配置成在当联接构件(15)处于非锁定位置时确定第一运转状况(D1)下的燃式发动机的被计算的扭矩(T1c),在非锁定位置,所述轴(2a,3a)能够以不同转速(n1,n2)旋转。
9.根据前述权利要求任一所述的驱动***,其特征在于,控制单元(18)配置成借助于一关联关系确定燃式发动机的被计算的扭矩(T1c),所述关联关系包括在行星齿轮装置中燃式发动机的输出轴(2a)和电机(9)之间的传动比(i)、电机的惯性矩(J3)、燃式发动机的惯性矩(J1)、电机(9)的加速度、以及燃式发动机(2)的加速度。
10.根据前述权利要求任一所述的驱动***,其特征在于,燃式发动机的输出轴(2a)连接到行星齿轮装置的太阳轮(10),变速箱的输入轴(3a)连接到行星齿轮装置的行星轮架(12),并且电机的转子(9b)连接到行星齿轮装置的齿圈(11)。
11.一种驱动车辆(1)的方法,其中,车辆包括:具有输出轴(2a)的燃式发动机(2),具有输入轴(3a)的变速箱(3),包括定子(9a)和转子(9b)的电机(9),以及包括太阳轮(10)、齿圈(11)和行星轮架(12)的行星齿轮装置,其中,燃式发动机的输出轴(2a)连接到行星齿轮装置的上述各部件中的第一部件,以使得输出轴(2a)的旋转引起第一部件的旋转,其中,变速箱的输入轴(3a)连接到行星齿轮装置的上述各部件中的第二部件,以使得输入轴的旋转引起第二部件的旋转,并且电机的转子(9b)连接到行星齿轮装置的上述各部件中的第三部件,以使得转子(9b)的旋转引起第三部件的旋转,其特征在于以下步骤:获取与电机(9)的用于驱动车辆(1)的扭矩(Tel)相关的信息,并且当电机的扭矩(Tel)和燃式发动机的扭矩(T1c)之间存在已知关系时,计算至少在第一运转状况(D1)下燃式发动机(2)的用于驱动车辆的扭矩(T1c)。
12.根据权利要求11所述的方法,其特征在于以下步骤:将在所述第一运转状况(D1)下的燃式发动机的被计算的扭矩(T1c)与燃式发动机(2)的被要求的扭矩(T1)相比较。
13.根据权利要求12所述的方法,其特征在于以下步骤:存储与在所述第一运转状况(D1)下的燃式发动机的被计算的扭矩(T1c)和燃式发动机的被要求的扭矩(T1)之间的偏差相关的信息,并且使用这个被存储的信息在第二运转状况(D2)下控制燃式发动机(2)。
14.根据权利要求13所述的方法,其特征在于以下步骤:存储与在燃式发动机(2)的不同运转状况(T1,n1)下的燃式发动机的被计算的扭矩(T1c)和燃式发动机的被要求的扭矩(T1)之间的偏差相关的信息。
15.根据权利要求13或14所述的方法,其特征在于以下步骤:在后续的第一运转状况期间补充和/或更新所述被存储的与燃式发动机的被计算的扭矩(T1c)和燃式发动机的被要求的扭矩(T1)之间的偏差相关的信息。
16.根据前述权利要求13至15中任一所述的方法,其特征在于以下步骤:在当要求燃式发动机(2)以高精度供应被要求的扭矩(T1)时的第二运转状况(D2)下使用燃式发动机的被计算的扭矩(T1c)控制燃式发动机(2)。
17.根据权利要求16所述的方法,其特征在于以下步骤:在第二运转状况(D2)下,诸如当档位将从变速箱断开时,使用燃式发动机的被计算的扭矩(T1c)控制燃式发动机(2)。
18.根据前述权利要求11-17中任一所述的方法,其特征在于以下步骤:通过联接构件(1)将燃式发动机的输出轴2a和变速箱的输入轴3a相对于彼此锁定,并且在当联接构件(15)处于非锁定位置时确定第一运转状况(D1)下的燃式发动机的被计算的扭矩(T1c),在非锁定位置,所述轴(2a,3a)能够以不同转速(n1,n2)旋转。
19.根据前述权利要求11-18中任一所述的方法,其特征在于以下步骤:借助于一关联关系确定燃式发动机的被计算的扭矩(T1c),所述关联关系包括在行星齿轮装置中燃式发动机的输出轴(2a)和电机(9)之间的传动比(i)、电机的惯性矩(J3)、燃式发动机的惯性矩(J1)、电机(9)的加速度、以及燃式发动机(2)的加速度。
20.根据前述权利要求11-19中任一所述的方法,其特征在于以下步骤:将燃式发动机的输出轴(2)连接到行星齿轮装置的太阳轮(9),将变速箱的输入轴(3)连接到行星齿轮装置的行星轮架(11),并且将电机的转子(8)连接到行星齿轮装置的齿圈(10)。
21.一种包括计算机程序代码的计算机程序,所述计算机程序代码用于当计算机程序代码在计算机中执行时使得计算机实施根据权利要求11-20中任一所述的方法。
22.一种计算机程序产品,其包括计算机可读的数据存储介质,其中,根据权利要求21所述的计算机程序的计算机程序代码被存储在数据存储介质上。
23.一种包括根据权利要求1-10中任一所述的驱动***的车辆。
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WO2014003666A1 (en) | 2014-01-03 |
US20150191163A1 (en) | 2015-07-09 |
EP2867092A4 (en) | 2016-05-25 |
EP2867092A1 (en) | 2015-05-06 |
SE1250718A1 (sv) | 2013-12-28 |
RU2598705C2 (ru) | 2016-09-27 |
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