CN104487610B - 金属表面的指示剂涂层 - Google Patents
金属表面的指示剂涂层 Download PDFInfo
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- CN104487610B CN104487610B CN201380030202.4A CN201380030202A CN104487610B CN 104487610 B CN104487610 B CN 104487610B CN 201380030202 A CN201380030202 A CN 201380030202A CN 104487610 B CN104487610 B CN 104487610B
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- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 77
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 45
- 150000001768 cations Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 27
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 22
- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 21
- 230000007797 corrosion Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 21
- 230000002401 inhibitory effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- -1 rare earth metal salt Chemical class 0.000 claims description 19
- 239000010410 layer Substances 0.000 claims description 18
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- 238000007739 conversion coating Methods 0.000 claims description 14
- 229910052761 rare earth metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 14
- RRRCKIRSVQAAAS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4-[3-(3,4-dihydroxyphenyl)-1,1-dioxo-2,1$l^{6}-benzoxathiol-3-yl]benzene-1,2-diol Chemical compound C1=C(O)C(O)=CC=C1C1(C=2C=C(O)C(O)=CC=2)C2=CC=CC=C2S(=O)(=O)O1 RRRCKIRSVQAAAS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 11
- 239000011247 coating layer Substances 0.000 claims description 10
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Classifications
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Abstract
本发明提供了处理基材的方法和组合物。所述组合物含有腐蚀抑制金属阳离子和共轭化合物。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及包含腐蚀抑制金属阳离子和共轭化合物的涂料组合物。使用该涂料的方法及用其涂覆的基材也在本发明的范围内。
技术背景
用于航空航天、商业及私营企业中的金属的氧化和劣化是严重且耗费巨大的问题。为了将用于这些应用中的金属的氧化和劣化最小化，可以在金属基材表面施涂一种无机保护层。该无机保护涂层(有时被称为转化涂层)可以是施涂到金属上的唯一涂层，或该涂层可以是后续施涂的涂层的中间涂层。
当涂覆金属基材表面以最小化腐蚀时，制造者所面对的问题之一是表面必须充分地进行涂覆以获得最优性能。尤其是当涂覆大的金属部件时，例如在航空航天应用中，确定所有区域都被充分涂覆是非常困难的。因此期望这样的涂料，所述涂料允许使用者确定涂覆的覆盖范围，以及有助于耐腐蚀性和/或其他的涂覆性能参数。
发明概述
本发明涉及一种组合物，包含：a)腐蚀抑制金属阳离子；和b)共轭化合物。使用这种组合物的方法及由其处理的基材也在本发明的范围之内。
发明详述
本发明涉及包含腐蚀抑制金属阳离子和共轭化合物的组合物。在某些实施方式中，该组合物进一步包含载体，如水性介质，以使得组合物是在载体中的金属阳离子、共轭化合物和/或其它组合物组分的溶液或分散液的形式。这些组合物在本文中有时可称为涂料，因为它们可以用来“涂覆”基材并在该基材上形成层；该层可以是连续的或不连续的。
根据本发明使用的金属阳离子可以是任何有助于耐腐蚀性的金属阳离子。例如，金属阳离子可以是稀土金属元素，如铈、钇、镨、钕或它们组合。其它金属阳离子包括锆、IA族金属阳离子，如锂、钠、钾、铷、铯和钫；或IIA族金属阳离子，如铍、镁、钙、锶、钡和镭；2B族金属阳离子例如锌；IVB族金属阳离子例如钛、和三价铬。本文使用的术语“稀土金属”指的是元素周期表的17种化学元素，其包括15种镧系(该15种元素的原子数为57到71，从镧到镥)，以及钪和钇。在适用的情况下，金属本身也可以使用。在某些实施方式中，稀土金属化合物用作稀土金属的源。本文使用的术语“稀土金属化合物”指的是包含以上限定的是稀土元素中的至少一种元素的化合物。根据本发明的尤其合适的金属阳离子包括铈、钇、镨、锆、锂和锌。
在某些实施方式中，本发明中使用的金属阳离子是金属盐的形式。术语“盐”指的是离子键合的无机化合物和/或一种或多种无机化合物在溶液中的离子化的阴离子和阳离子。合适的盐包括，例如，硝酸盐、盐酸盐、硫酸盐、以及碳酸盐和氢氧化物。例子包括氯化镨、硝酸镨、硫酸镨、氯化铈、硝酸铈(cerium nitrate)、硫酸铈、硝酸亚铈(cerousnitrate)、氯化钇、硝酸钇、硫酸钇、氟化锌、六氟锆酸盐、碳酸锂、氢氧化锂及其组合。
在某些实施方式中，金属阳离子以至少为10ppm金属，例如至少100ppm金属或150ppm金属(以金属元素的量来测量)，并且不多于5000ppm的金属，例如不多于300ppm的金属或不多于250ppm的金属的量存在于所述组合物中。金属阳离子的量可在任意这些引述的值的范围内，包括所引述的值。
本文使用的“共轭化合物”，且如本领域技术人员所理解的，指的是一种具有由单键隔开的两个双键的化合物，例如两个碳-碳键及在其之间的单个碳-碳键。任何共轭化合物都可以根据本发明来使用。某些“指示剂”或“指示剂化合物”(如此命名是由于它们指示，例如，化学物质(例如金属离子)的存在、化合物的pH值等)是共轭化合物。本文使用的“指示剂”，“指示化合物”，及类似的术语指的是一种响应于外部的刺激、参数、或条件(例如金属离子的存在)或根据具体的pH或pH范围而改变颜色的化合物。
根据本发明中某些实施方式使用的指示剂组合物可以是任何本领域已知的指示物质的存在或具体的pH值等的指示剂。例如，合适的指示剂可以是在和特定的金属离子形成金属络和物后改变颜色的指示剂。金属离子指示剂通常是高度共轭的有机化合物。类似地，指示剂化合物可以是其中pH值改变后颜色就改变的指示剂；例如，所述化合物在酸性或中性pH值下可以是一种颜色并且在碱性pH值下改变颜色的指示剂，或反之亦然。此类的指示剂是熟知的并且广泛地市售。当暴露于碱性pH值时改变颜色的指示剂因此具有当暴露于酸性或中性pH值时的第一颜色(或无色)，并且当暴露于碱性pH值时变成第二颜色(或从无色变有色)。类似地，当暴露于酸性pH值时改变颜色的指示剂当pH值从碱性/中性变为酸性时从第一颜色/无色变为第二颜色/有色。
这种指示剂组合物的例子包括：甲基橙、二甲酚橙、邻苯二酚紫、溴酚蓝、绿紫(green and purple)、羊毛铬黑T、天青石蓝、苏木紫、钙镁指示剂、棓花青及其组合。根据一种实施方式，指示剂组合物包含有机指示剂组合物，所述有机指示剂组合物是金属离子指示剂。示例性的指示剂化合物包括如表I所示的那些。荧光指示剂(其在某些条件下发光)也可以根据本发明来使用，但是在某些实施方式中荧光指示剂的使用被明确地排除。即，在某些实施方式中，表现出荧光性的共轭化合物被明确地排除。本文所使用的“荧光指示剂”等术语指的是能够发出荧光或以另一种方式在暴露于紫外线或可见光线后显示出颜色的化合物、分子、颜料和/或染料。“发出荧光”可理解为发光，接着吸收光或其它电磁辐射。这种指示剂的例子通常被称为“标签”，包括吖啶、蒽醌、香豆素、二苯甲烷、二苯萘甲烷、喹啉、二苯乙烯、三苯甲烷、蒽(anthracine)和/或含有任何这些部分的分子和/或任意这些的衍生物，如若丹明、菲啶、噁嗪、荧光酮、青色素和/或吖啶类。
表I.
根据一种实施方式，共轭化合物包括邻苯二酚紫，如表I所示。邻苯二酚紫(CV)是由两摩尔焦儿茶酚和一摩尔邻磺基苯甲酸酐缩合来制备的磺酞染料。已经发现CV具有指示剂性能，并且当被引入至具有金属离子的腐蚀抑制组合物时，CV形成络和物，使其可作为鳌合滴定试剂(chelometric reagent)。随着含有CV的组合物螯合金属离子，观察到了从大体上蓝色变成蓝紫色的颜色。
根据另一种实施方式，二甲酚橙，如表I所示应用于本发明的组合物。已经发现二甲酚橙具有金属离子指示剂性能，并且当被引入至具有金属离子的腐蚀抑制组合物时，CV形成络和物，使其可用作鳌合滴定试剂。随着含有二甲酚橙的组合物鳌合金属离子，二甲酚橙的溶液从红色变成大体上蓝色的颜色。
共轭化合物可以以0.01g/1000g溶液到3g/1000g溶液，比如0.05g/1000g溶液到0.3g/1000g溶液的量存在于所述组合物中。
在本发明的一些实施方式中，共轭化合物如果根据特定的外部刺激改变颜色，当使用当前组合物时，所述共轭化合物提供这样的好处，其可以充当基材已被组合物处理过的目视的指示。例如，存在于基材中的包含当暴露于金属离子时会改变颜色的指示剂的组合物在与该基材中的金属离子络和之后会改变颜色；这使使用者能够看到基材已经与组合物接触。可通过在基材上沉积碱性或酸性层并且将基材与当暴露于碱性或酸性pH值时改变颜色的本发明的组合物接触来实现类似的好处。
此外，根据本发明的某些共轭化合物的使用可为基材提供与后续施涂的涂覆层的改进的粘附性。如果共轭化合物具有羟基官能团，则尤其是如此。因此，在某些实施方式中，本发明的组合物使得后续涂覆层沉积于根据本发明处理的基材之上而无需底漆层。这种涂覆层可以包括聚氨酯涂层和环氧涂层。
在一些实施方式中，基材可以用碱性脱氧剂处理，所述碱性脱氧剂例如描述于美国申请号13/235,317中并且得自PRC-DeSoto International，Inc.，Irvine，CA的碱性脱氧剂。经处理的基材(其可以是铝)，将具有残余碱性的pH值。当将根据本发明的含有指示剂组合物和腐蚀抑制金属离子的组合物然后置于与脱氧的金属表面接触时，金属表面将经历颜色变化为深紫/蓝。当和金属表面接触时，例如从金属部件流下后，腐蚀抑制组合物本身变成紫色。在反应“完全”之后，洗脱剂组合物变回红色，并且部件保持其紫色/蓝色。另外，在某些实施方式中，经沉积的指示剂组合物在沉积后在基材表面保持活性。在暴露于腐蚀性环境后，抑制剂可迁移到金属间阴极点以有助于耐腐蚀性。这带来了监测基材表面以确定基材是否已经暴露于腐蚀性环境的额外的好处。在某些实施方式中，可以使用这样的指示剂，其造成腐蚀点的颜色变成更加明亮的红色，然而受保护的区域具有红色的褪变。最终结果是红色指示剂颜色使得腐蚀点容易地被看到。因此，腐蚀点可容易被发现并且进一步处理以保持无腐蚀的表面以延长部件的使用时间。
除了腐蚀抑制金属阳离子和共轭化合物外，本发明的组合物还可包含具有不同的阴离子和/或阳离子的两种或更多种金属盐的组合。组合物可进一步包括其它盐比如多种金属的卤化物、碳酸盐、氢氧化物、和磷酸盐。其它实施方式可任选地具有氧化剂，比如H2O2。此外，组合物可以进一步具有一种或多种另外的促进耐腐蚀性或对金属基材的粘附性或后续涂层的粘附性的添加剂，并且可以另外地含有添加剂以提供期望的美学效应或功能效应。添加剂(如果使用了)可占涂料组合物总重量的约0.01重量％到约80重量％。合适的添加剂可包括为了影响本发明组合物的一种或多种性能的目的而与本发明的组合物掺混的固体或液体组分。添加剂的例子包括表面活性剂，其可辅助润湿金属表面，或辅助发展特定的表面性能(比如粗糙或光滑表面)的其它添加剂。合适的添加剂的其它例子包括流动控制剂、触变剂如膨润土、明胶、纤维素、抗析气剂(anti-gassing agent)、脱脂剂、抗发泡剂、润湿剂、有机助溶剂、催化剂、染料、氨基酸、基于脲的化合物、络和剂、价态稳定剂、反应加速剂和填充剂，比如在美国专利公开号2013/0034742在[0035]段和[0036]段公开的那些，这些段落在此引入作为参考，以及其它常用的辅助剂。其它任选的成分包括尿囊素、聚乙烯基吡咯烷酮、螯合剂(比如EDTA、TEA)、柠檬酸、六亚甲基四胺、硫脲和/或醇(比如乙醇和/或异丙醇)或唑类(比如2，5-二巯基-1，3，4-噻二唑、1H-苯并***、1H-1，2，3-***、2-氨基-5-巯基-1，3，4-噻二唑、和2-氨基-1，3，4-噻二唑。参照本公开内容，本领域技术人员能够理解配制的表面涂层领域已知的其它合适的添加剂可用于根据本发明的组合物中。
如上所述，本发明的组合物可以是水性涂料组合物。在一种实施方式中，本发明的组合物包含水性载体，其任选地含有一种或多种有机溶剂。合适的有机溶剂包括丙二醇、乙二醇、甘油、低分子量醇等。
在一种实施方式中，本发明的组合物另外地包含介质，介质可以是表面活性剂、表面活性剂的混合物、或洗涤剂型水性溶液，所述介质以约0.02重量百分数的量存在于所述组合物中。
在一种实施方式中，本发明的组合物具有表面活性剂、表面活性剂的混合物、或洗涤剂型水性溶液，并且该组合物适用于一种工艺中的金属基材清洁步骤和转化涂覆步骤。在另一种实施方式中，具有表面活性剂、表面活性剂的混合物、或洗涤剂型水性溶液的转化涂覆组合物可另外地含有氧化剂，如在此之前描述的。
在某些实施方式中，本发明的组合物基本或在某些情况下，完全不含铬和/或重金属磷酸盐。当参照在预处理组合物中不存在铬和/或重金属磷酸盐(例如磷酸锌)使用时本文使用的术语“基本不含”，指的是这些物质不以对环境造成负担的程度存在于所述组合物中。即，这些物质没有被大量使用，并且在使用基于磷酸锌的处理剂的情形下形成的油泥(例如磷酸锌)的形成被消除。为了本发明的目的，含有少于1重量％的铬和/或重金属磷酸盐的预处理组合物被认为“基本不含”铬和/或重金属磷酸盐，其中重量百分数是基于所述预处理组合物的总重量计的。无铬和/或重金属磷酸盐的组合物“完全不含”这些化合物。
本发明进一步涉及处理基材的方法。该方法通常包括将上文所述的任何组合物施涂到至少部分基材。可根据本发明处理任何基材。基材还可以是已经以一些方式处理过的基材，所述方式例如赋予目视和/或涂色效应。
尤其合适的基材是非金属和/或金属基材。合适的非金属基材包括聚合型、塑料、聚酯、聚烯烃、聚酰胺、纤维素、聚苯乙烯、聚丙烯酸类、聚萘二甲酸乙二醇酯、聚丙烯、聚乙烯、尼龙、EVOH、聚乳酸、其它“绿色”聚合型基材、聚(对苯二甲酸乙二醇酯)(“PET”)、聚碳酸酯、聚碳酸酯丙烯腈丁二烯苯乙烯(“PC/ABS”)、聚酰胺、木材、胶合板、木材组合物、塑料板、中密度纤维板、水泥、石材、玻璃、纸张、纸板、织物、合成或天然羽毛、和其它非金属基材。用于本发明的合适的金属基材包括经常用于汽车车身、汽车部件、航空航天部件、和其它制品(比如小金属部件，包括紧固件，如，螺帽、螺钉、螺丝、别针、钉子、夹子、钮扣)的组装中的那些。合适的金属和金属合金基材的例子包括但不限于：冷轧钢、热轧钢、用金属锌、锌化合物、或锌合金涂覆的钢，例如电镀锌钢板、热浴镀锌钢板、热镀锌(galvanealed)钢、和镀有锌合金的钢。同样，可以使用铝合金，镀有铝的钢材和镀有铝合金的钢材。其它合适的有色金属包括铜和镁，以及这些材料的合金。此外，在某些实施方式中，基材可以是裸金属基材，如基材的切边，所述切边以其它方式处理和/或基材的其余表面经涂覆。根据本发明的方法处理的金属基材可以是，例如金属板或预制件的形式。
根据本发明的方法待处理的基材可首先进行清洁以除去油渍、灰尘、或其它外来物。这通常采用温和或强碱清洁剂，例如市售的或常规地用于金属预处理工艺来完成。适用于本发明的碱性清洁剂包括CHEMKLEEN 163、CHEMKLEEN 177、CHEMKLEEN2010LP和CHEMKLEEN490MX，其各自商购自PPG Industries，Inc.。清洁之后和/或之前经常要进行水洗。
在某些具体的实施方式中，该方法包括进行碱性脱脂步骤，然后通过任选的冲洗步骤，之后施涂本发明的组合物。在这种实施方式中，可以使用是指示剂化合物的共轭化合物，尤其是当从酸性/中性pH值变为碱性pH值发生变色的共轭化合物。以这种方式，在施涂本发明的涂料组合物之后，在部分基材之上存在碱性脱脂组合物的部分基材会改变颜色。这使得使用者能够看到基材的哪些部分已经被碱性脱脂剂和本发明组合物涂覆以及哪些部分没有被涂覆。
虽然以上描述了其中使用碱性脱脂剂的具体的实施方式中，但是采用了本发明的保护范围内的许多步骤。例如，碱性脱脂后可以进行任选的冲洗步骤，然后可以应用碱性蚀刻步骤，任选的冲洗步骤和转化涂层。碱性蚀刻步骤可以以本领域技术人员所知的任何方式进行，并且可包括，例如，没有冲洗的7-10分钟的停留时间，且之后进行任选的冲洗步骤。转化涂覆可以是本领域已知的任何转化涂覆，比如阳极化处理、稀土转化涂覆、高锰酸盐转化涂覆、锆酸盐、钛酸盐、或基于三价铬的转化涂覆。备选地，酸去氧化可以替代碱性蚀刻步骤来进行。转化涂覆步骤之后可进行任冲洗步骤和密封步骤。密封步骤可包括施涂本发明中的任何组合物，其中示例性的配方如表II所示。本领域技术人员参照本公开内容能够理解，表II中所给出的配方仅仅是示例，且其它金属离子也可以用于根据本发明的组合物。
表II.本发明组合酸的示例性的配方
可以如本领域已知的那样进行任何一种或多种上述处理步骤，比如通过浸涂、喷涂、刷涂、喷墨(pen)等。在施涂本发明的组合物之后，残余物的膜覆盖大体上为1-1000毫克每平方米，比如10到400毫克每平方米。组合物的厚度是可变的，但通常比较薄，其厚度经常小于1毫米，以及在一些情形下为1-500纳米，以及在仍一些情形下为10-300纳米。
在与本发明的组合物接触后，如果需要的话，基材可以用水冲洗并且干燥。
在本发明的某些实施方式中，在基材与本发明的组合物接触后，其然后与包含成膜树脂的涂料组合物接触。任何合适的工艺都可以用来将基材和这种涂料组合物接触，包括，刷涂、浸涂、浇涂、喷涂等。在某些实施方式中，这种接触包括电涂步骤，其中可电沉积的组合物通过电沉积沉积在金属基材上。在电沉积的工艺中，将充当一个电极的经处理的金属基材和导电性反电极放置于和离子、可电沉积的组合物进行接触。在电极和反电极(它们与电镀组合物接触)之间的电流流通后，可电沉积的组合物的粘附膜将以基本连续的方式沉积于金属基材之上。电镀的方法在本领域是熟知的。
本文使用的术语“成膜树脂”指的是在除去存在于组合物中的任何稀释剂或载体之后或在环境或升高的温度下固化后可在基材的至少一个水平表面上形成自支撑性连续膜的树脂。可以使用的常规的成膜树脂包括但不限于，典型地用于汽车OEM的涂料组合物，汽车修补涂料组合物，工业涂料组合物，建筑涂料组合物，卷材涂料组合物，和航空航天涂料组合物等中的那些。
在某些实施方式中，涂料组合物包含热固性成膜树。本文使用的术语“热固性”指的是在固化或交联后不可逆地“固化”的树脂，其中聚合型组分的聚合物链通过共价键结合。该特性通常与经常例如，通过加热或辐射引发的组合物成分的交联反应相关。固化或交联反应也可在环境条件下进行。在固化或交联之后，热固性树脂在施用加热之后将不再熔融并且在溶剂中是不溶的。在其它实施方式中，涂料组合物包含热塑性成膜树脂。本文使用的术语“热塑性”指的是这样的树脂，其包含不由共价键结合的聚合型组分并且由此在加热之后可进行液体流动并且在溶剂中可溶。
因此，本发明进一步涉及一种在其上沉积了多层涂层***的基材。在这种多层***中，至少一层由本发明的组合物进行沉积。进行任意数量的处理、冲洗和/或可沉积任意数量的层，之后沉积本发明组合物的层。类似地，可以在来自本发明组合物的层沉积之后沉积任何数量的层。例如，本发明进一步涉及这样的基材，其包含由本发明任意组合物沉积的层，接着在所述层的至少部分之上沉积一个或多个另外的层。如上所述，这些涂覆层可以是多种工业领域中标准地已知的，所述领域包括，例如，航空航天工业。这些材料典型地是聚合型多元醇，例如通过聚合烯属不饱和单体(包括含由活泼氢基团例如羟基的烯属不饱和单体)来制备的那些。这些聚合物常规地被称为含有羟基的丙烯酸类聚合物。其它合适的聚合型多元醇的例子是聚酯多元醇和聚醚多元醇。聚合型多元醇可以与多异氰酸酯固化剂一起使用。聚合型多元醇和多异氰酸酯都可以由(环)脂族材料制备。其它涂料组合物是基于多环氧化物以及多元胺。用于航空航天行业的尤其合适的涂层的例子包括但不限于，环氧涂层和聚氨酯涂层。在一些实施方式中，这种涂料为面漆。术语“面漆”指的是在单层或多层涂层***中的涂层，所述涂层***的外表面暴露于大气或环境中，并且其与另一涂覆层或基材接触。合适的面漆的例子包括符合MIL-PRF-85285D的那些，比如得自PRC-DeSotoInternational，Inc.，Irvine，CA的产品代号Deft03W127A和Deft 03GY292。面漆的一个例子是具有先进性能的面漆，比如得自PRC-DeSoto International，Inc.，Irvine，CA的产品代号
ELTTM 99GY001和99W009。其它合适的面漆的例子是以商品名DESOTHANE商购自PRC-DeSoto International，Inc.的那些，包括但不限于聚酰酯的面漆，包括商购自PRC-DeSoto International，Inc.的任何DESOTHANE HS CA 8000聚氨酯面漆。本领域技术人员参照本公开内容可以理解其它面漆和先进的性能的面漆也可用于根据本发明的涂层***。
种实施方式中，多层涂层***包含底漆涂层。根据本发明的组合物与传统的基于铬的底漆涂层相容，比如得自PRC-DeSoto International，Inc.，Irvine，CA，的产品号44GN072。替换地，底漆涂层可以是不含铬的底漆涂层，比如在美国专利7601425和7759419中描述的涂料组合物，和本领域已知的其它不含铬的底漆涂层，比如可以通过MIL-PRF-85582等级N或MIL-PRF-23377等级N的军事要求的那些，也可以用于本发明。底漆涂层得自PRC-DeSoto International，Inc.，Irvine，CA，产品号为Deft 02GN083或Deft 02GN084。底漆涂层可以沉积在由本发明组合物形成的层之上，具有或不具有任何介于其中的处理和/或涂层；面漆或其它涂覆层或层可以沉积在底漆上。
在仍另一种实施方式中，多层涂层***含有自带底漆的(self-priming)面漆，或增强的自带底漆的面漆。术语“自带底漆的面漆”也称为“直接接触基材”或“直接接触金属”涂料，如其名所暗示的，其可沉积在基材之上，比如由本发明组合物处理过的基材，而无需底漆。“增强的自带底漆的面漆”也可以称为“增强的直接接触基材涂层”，这是指这样的涂料，其包含全部都是官能化氟化物粘结剂(比如氟乙烯-烷基乙烯基醚)的混合物或官能化氟化物粘结剂与部分其它粘结剂的混合物。自带底漆的面漆包括符合TT-P-2756A的那些。自带底漆的面漆的例子为得自PRC-DeSoto International，Inc.，Irvine，CA的产品号03W169和03GY369。增强的自带底漆的面漆包括得自PRC-DeSoto International，Inc.Irvine，CA，的DEFTHANE ELT/ESPT。自带底漆的面漆的例子为得自PRC-DeSotoInternational，Inc.，Irvine，CA的产品号97GY121。参照本发明的公开内容，本领域技术人员能够理解其它自带底漆的面漆和增强的自带底漆的面漆可以用于根据本发明的涂层***。
施涂在由本发明组合物沉积的涂层的后续的涂覆层，比如底漆、面漆、自带底漆的面漆、和增强的自带底漆的面漆等可施涂到经处理的表面，以润湿或“不完全固化”的条件下随着时间的推移干燥或固化，即，溶剂蒸发和/或发生化学反应。涂层可自然地或通过加速的方式(例如紫外线固化的***以形成膜或“固化的”涂料)干燥或固化。涂料可以以半或完全固化的状态施涂。
术语“转化涂层”也称为“转化处理”或“预处理”，指的是金属结束工艺，其包括将涂料(通过喷涂、浸涂、辊涂等等)施涂到金属表面，由此得到的涂层是溶液中的金属以及金属基材中的金属的结合。这些术语包括金属表面的处理，在金属表面上金属基材的至少部分与溶液接触，所述溶液可以是具有与基材含有的金属不同的金属元素的水溶液。具有金属元素的水溶液，其与不同元素的金属基材接触，其中基材溶解，导致涂料的沉淀(任选地，采用外部驱动力在金属基材上来沉积涂层)，该具有金属元素的水溶液也在术语“转化涂层”、“转化处理”、“预处理”的意义范围之内。
除非另有说明，本文公开的所有量是在25℃下，一个大气压下以组合物的总重量计的重量百分数给出的。
除非另有明确声明，本文使用的所有的数字比如描述值、范围、用量或百分数的那些，可以以仿佛前面含有“约”字来理解，甚至该术语没有明确地出现。本文引用的任何数值范围都试图包括所有包含在其中的子范围。复数涵盖单数，并且反之亦然。例如，虽然是以术语“一”腐蚀抑制金属阳离子，“一”共轭化合物，“一”指示剂化合物等来描述本文明，但是可以使用这些的混合物或其它组分。另外，本文使用的术语“聚合物”指的是预聚物、低聚物以及均聚物和共聚物；前缀“聚(多)”指的是两个或更多个。当范围给定后，那些范围的任何端点和/或那些范围内的数值可以和本发明的范围相结合。“包括”、“比如”、“例如”等术语指的是“包括/比如/例如但不限于”。
实施例
下面将公开可以制备的并且在本发明范围内的组合物的实施例。应理解，这些实施例不是穷尽的以并且其它组合物也在本发明的范围内。
实施例1
本发明组合物的某些实施方式可包含指示剂化合物和一种或多种稀土元素离子。根据本实施方式，组合物可包含水性载体化合物，和第一和第二稀土元素盐，各种盐包含阴离子和阳离子，第一盐和第二盐的阴离子不同，第一盐和第二盐的阳离子相同或不同，其中每个阳离子分别是稀土元素。已经发现，稀土元素盐，如镨盐、铈盐、钕盐、钐盐和铽盐，当被引入转化涂料组合物后(其中盐是多种阴离子的混合物，比如卤化物和硝酸盐)将明显影响得到的稀土元素涂料的沉积参数，包括得到的涂料的形态和性能，但是发明人并不希望被这些限制。根据本实施方式的组合物包含指示剂混合物、至少一种稀土元素盐(例如铈，或铈和钇两者)、以及硝酸盐和卤素离子的组合，以及任选地氧化剂例如H2O2。组合物具有中性pH值。
稀土元素组合物
1该表中所示的组合物具有中性pH值。
实施例2
根据本发明其它实施方式，组合物可以包含水性载体，指示剂化合物，包括锆离子的金属离子，例如硝酸氧锆酸和六氟锆酸盐或其组合。其它盐，尤其是金属硝酸盐，比如钇，可以添加到根据本实施方式的组合物中。用于组合物的添加剂包括卤离子源、表面活性剂和聚乙烯基吡咯烷酮。本实施方式的组合物如下表所示。
锆组合物
| 化合物 | 组合物5<sup>1</sup> |
| 六氟锆酸盐 | 0.48 |
| 邻苯二酚紫 | 0.01 |
| DI水 | 余量 |
| 总计 | 800 |
1该表IV中所示的组合物具有中性pH值。
实施例3
根据本发明的另一种实施方式，组合物可包含水性载体、指示剂化合物、和包括IA族金属离子(比如锂、钠和钾或其组合)的金属离子。基于IA族的涂料组合物进一步包含反离子例如氢氧根、卤离子、磷酸根、碳酸根离子或其组合。在一种实施方式中，组合物可包含水性载体、指示剂化合物、锂离子，如碳酸锂。根据该实施方式的组合物可进一步包含卤化物源，比如氟离子源，例如氟化锌。示例性的组合物如下表所示：
锂组合物
| 化合物 | 组合物6<sup>1</sup> |
| 碳酸锂 | 1.6g |
| 邻苯二酚紫 | 0.0105g |
| DI水 | 余量 |
| 总计 | 800g |
1该表V中所示的组合物具有碱性pH值。
然而为了说明的目的，在以上描述了本发明的特定的实施方式，可以在不脱离本发明权利要求书所要求保护的范围的情况下对本发明的细节作出许多变体，这对于本领域技术人员来说是明显的。
Claims (20)
1.一种组合物，包含：
a)腐蚀抑制金属阳离子；和
b)共轭化合物，其中所述共轭化合物包括指示剂化合物，所述指示剂化合物当暴露于金属离子时、或暴露于碱性pH值时或暴露于酸性pH值时改变颜色；并且所述共轭化合物不包括荧光指示剂，以及所述共轭化合物包括邻苯二酚紫和/或二甲酚橙和/或苏木精；所述共轭化合物以0.01g/1000g溶液到3g/1000g溶液的量存在于所述组合物中。
2.如权利要求1所述的组合物，其中所述腐蚀抑制金属阳离子包括稀土金属盐。
3.如权利要求2所述的组合物，其中所述稀土金属盐包括镨盐、铈盐和/或钇盐。
4.如权利要求1所述的组合物，其中所述腐蚀抑制金属阳离子包括锂盐。
5.如权利要求1所述的组合物，其中所述组合物进一步包含唑类化合物。
6.如权利要求1所述的组合物，其中所述共轭化合物以0.05g/1000g溶液到0.3g/1000g溶液的量存在于所述组合物中。
7.如权利要求1所述的组合物，其中所述组合物另外地包含氧化剂和/或聚乙烯基吡咯烷酮。
8.如权利要求1所述的组合物，其中所述组合物基本不含铬酸盐和/或重金属磷酸盐。
9.如权利要求1所述的组合物，其中所述组合物完全不含铬酸盐和/或重金属磷酸盐。
10.处理基材的方法，包括：
a)将权利要求1所述的组合物施涂到基材的至少一部分上。
11.如权利要求10所述的方法，其中所述方法进一步包括在施涂权利要求1所述的组合物之前对基材进行处理。
12.如权利要求10所述的方法，其中在施涂权利要求1所述的组合物之前对基材进行处理包括使基材的至少部分表面呈碱性。
13.如权利要求10所述的方法，其中在施涂权利要求1所述的组合物之前对基材进行处理包括使基材的至少部分表面呈酸性。
14.如权利要求10所述的方法，其中在施涂权利要求1所述的组合物之前对基材进行处理包括在基材上施涂转化涂层。
15.如权利要求10所述的方法，其中所述基材包括金属。
16.如权利要求10所述的方法，其中所述基材是非金属的。
17.基材，所述基材是根据权利要求10所述的方法处理的。
18.基材，包含：
a)由权利要求1所述的组合物沉积的层；
b)在其至少一部分上沉积的涂覆层。
19.如权利要求18所述的基材，其中部分b的涂覆层包含环氧化物。
20.如权利要求19所述的基材，其中部分b的涂覆层包含聚氨酯。
Applications Claiming Priority (3)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| US201261657497P | 2012-06-08 | 2012-06-08 | |
| US61/657,497 | 2012-06-08 | ||
| PCT/US2013/044983 WO2013185131A1 (en) | 2012-06-08 | 2013-06-10 | Indicator coatings for metal surfaces |
Publications (2)
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|---|---|
| CN104487610A CN104487610A (zh) | 2015-04-01 |
| CN104487610B true CN104487610B (zh) | 2022-10-21 |
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| CA (1) | CA2875335C (zh) |
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| RU (1) | RU2619376C2 (zh) |
| WO (1) | WO2013185131A1 (zh) |
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| EP3156460A1 (de) | 2015-10-13 | 2017-04-19 | wertec GmbH | Korrosionsschutzmittel auf organischer basis für eine metallstruktur, insbesondere für spannstahl |
| US20190169752A1 (en) * | 2016-08-12 | 2019-06-06 | Prc-Desoto International, Inc. | Systems and Methods for Treating a Metal Substrate |
| KR102367049B1 (ko) * | 2016-08-12 | 2022-02-23 | 피피지 인더스트리즈 오하이오 인코포레이티드 | 전처리 조성물 |
| EP3497261A1 (en) * | 2016-08-12 | 2019-06-19 | PRC-Desoto International, Inc. | Systems and methods for treating a metal substrate through thin film pretreatment and a sealing composition |
| KR20190039559A (ko) * | 2016-08-12 | 2019-04-12 | 피알시-데소토 인터내쇼날, 인코포레이티드 | 처리 조성물의 제조 및 이로부터 형성된 처리 욕을 유지하는 시스템 및 방법 |
| CN109563628A (zh) * | 2016-08-12 | 2019-04-02 | Prc-迪索托国际公司 | 密封组合物 |
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| KR102654575B1 (ko) * | 2016-12-22 | 2024-04-05 | 헨켈 아게 운트 코. 카게아아 | 카테콜 화합물 및 관능화된 공-반응 화합물의 예비 형성된 반응 생성물로 변환-코팅된 금속 기재의 처리 |
| DE102018102419B4 (de) | 2018-02-02 | 2021-11-11 | Fraunhofer-Gesellschaft zur Förderung der angewandten Forschung e.V. | Passives elektrisches Bauteil mit einer Indikatorschicht und einer Schutzbeschichtung |
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- 2013-06-10 RU RU2014152643A patent/RU2619376C2/ru active
- 2013-06-10 EP EP13732312.7A patent/EP2859132B1/en active Active
- 2013-06-10 CA CA2875335A patent/CA2875335C/en active Active
- 2013-06-10 US US14/405,580 patent/US20150140338A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 2013-06-10 WO PCT/US2013/044983 patent/WO2013185131A1/en active Application Filing
- 2013-06-10 EP EP21178445.9A patent/EP3896194A1/en not_active Withdrawn
- 2013-06-10 JP JP2015516272A patent/JP6314133B2/ja active Active
- 2013-06-10 ES ES13732312T patent/ES2882529T3/es active Active
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|---|---|
| US20220025521A1 (en) | 2022-01-27 |
| CA2875335A1 (en) | 2013-12-12 |
| JP2020100836A (ja) | 2020-07-02 |
| JP2017122227A (ja) | 2017-07-13 |
| JP6723936B2 (ja) | 2020-07-15 |
| RU2619376C2 (ru) | 2017-05-15 |
| EP2859132B1 (en) | 2021-08-04 |
| RU2014152643A (ru) | 2016-07-27 |
| CN104487610A (zh) | 2015-04-01 |
| EP3896194A1 (en) | 2021-10-20 |
| US20150140338A1 (en) | 2015-05-21 |
| JP2015528853A (ja) | 2015-10-01 |
| HK1204019A1 (zh) | 2015-11-06 |
| EP2859132A1 (en) | 2015-04-15 |
| JP6314133B2 (ja) | 2018-04-18 |
| WO2013185131A1 (en) | 2013-12-12 |
| ES2882529T3 (es) | 2021-12-02 |
| CA2875335C (en) | 2019-04-30 |
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