CN104478568B - Use microbial fermentation technology to process Agricultural residues and manufacture fertilizer method - Google Patents
Use microbial fermentation technology to process Agricultural residues and manufacture fertilizer method Download PDFInfo
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- CN104478568B CN104478568B CN201410682978.0A CN201410682978A CN104478568B CN 104478568 B CN104478568 B CN 104478568B CN 201410682978 A CN201410682978 A CN 201410682978A CN 104478568 B CN104478568 B CN 104478568B
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05G—MIXTURES OF FERTILISERS COVERED INDIVIDUALLY BY DIFFERENT SUBCLASSES OF CLASS C05; MIXTURES OF ONE OR MORE FERTILISERS WITH MATERIALS NOT HAVING A SPECIFIC FERTILISING ACTIVITY, e.g. PESTICIDES, SOIL-CONDITIONERS, WETTING AGENTS; FERTILISERS CHARACTERISED BY THEIR FORM
- C05G3/00—Mixtures of one or more fertilisers with additives not having a specially fertilising activity
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05C—NITROGENOUS FERTILISERS
- C05C11/00—Other nitrogenous fertilisers
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05G—MIXTURES OF FERTILISERS COVERED INDIVIDUALLY BY DIFFERENT SUBCLASSES OF CLASS C05; MIXTURES OF ONE OR MORE FERTILISERS WITH MATERIALS NOT HAVING A SPECIFIC FERTILISING ACTIVITY, e.g. PESTICIDES, SOIL-CONDITIONERS, WETTING AGENTS; FERTILISERS CHARACTERISED BY THEIR FORM
- C05G3/00—Mixtures of one or more fertilisers with additives not having a specially fertilising activity
- C05G3/60—Biocides or preservatives, e.g. disinfectants, pesticides or herbicides; Pest repellants or attractants
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- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Pest Control & Pesticides (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Plant Pathology (AREA)
- Fertilizers (AREA)
- Processing Of Solid Wastes (AREA)
Abstract
A kind of microbial fermentation technology process Agricultural residues manufacture fertilizer new method that uses, 1) dispensing；2) by step 1) in material send in sterilizing unit and be sterilized；3) by step 2) in be sterilized after material feeding tumbler carry out tumbling process；4) by step 3) in material after tumbling send in installation for fermenting；5) by step 4) in material after spray carry out sealing and fermenting, control Preliminary fermentation temperature at 70 DEG C, left and right, then every temperature every other hour reduces by 5 DEG C, it is stirred for once, till temperature reaches 20 DEG C, keeps the temperature of 20 DEG C to ferment again 2 hours；6) by step 5) the middle material taking-up fermented, to send in drying plant, use the mode air-dried that material is dried process, in control drying plant, the temperature of hot blast is at 50 60 DEG C, to moisture content of material within 15%；7) by step 6) the middle material feeding granulator granulation dried, pack.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to biological technical field, be specifically related to a kind of employing microbial fermentation technology and process Agricultural residues manufacture fertilizer new method.
Background technology
Owing to chemical fertilizer has easy to use, the advantages such as fertilizer efficiency is fast, to agricultural obvious effect of increasing production, the scope of using causing chemical fertilizer is increasingly wider, and consumption gets more and more.But use chemical substance and the continuous croppings such as chemical fertilizer, agricultural chemicals, herbicide in a large number for a long time, easily cause soil compaction, beneficial microbe in soil is made drastically to reduce, the permeability of soil, oxygen delivery capacity and maintenance nutrient balance ability reduce, the residual of a large amount of harmful substances and harmful microorganism, control root system of plant to nutrient, the absorption of moisture, make soil texture change, causing that plant growth is bad, quality declines, various diseases are on the rise.The increase of inside plants residues of pesticides simultaneously, seriously threatens the health and safety of the mankind.
Along with the development of science and technology, current countries in the world are all using microorganism formulation to improve soil texture, Crop Improvement quality, Developing Efficient Eco-agriculture own one-tenth trend.Through retrieval, ZL93100172.2 discloses a kind of employing bacillus licheniformis and prepares microbial pesticide, vegetable disease bacterium is had obvious prevention effect, aphid, red spider are had killing action；Application No. 98124889.6,99114260.8 uses bacillus subtilis to prepare microbial pesticide, for Apple Mould Core and the biological control of diseases of crops.By lot of experiments, finding that single microorganism bacterial classification has certain effect for the disease control of crops, but the improvement on soil texture affects little, fertilizer effect is inconspicuous.
Agricultural residues, if stalk is renewable, the valuable source of sustainable development, the different parts of stalk, if cane, straw skin, leaf, the stalks of rice, wheat, etc. (marrow) are containing materials such as cellulose, hemicellulose, lignin and protein.Different material should produce different product, accomplishes to make the best use of everything.At present, stalk processing uses mixing to utilize mostly, i.e. the cane of stalk, straw skin, leaf, the stalks of rice, wheat, etc. (marrow) is not separated, and is used in mixed way.
The ecological balance protected nature is the hot issue that the whole world is paid close attention at present most, and the recycling of agricultural stalk class discarded object becomes focus of attention.Environment, mainly to burn, is polluted serious in conventional stalk discarded sections area, and along with development and people's understanding to environmental protection of science and technology, stalk recycling starts application.
Gradually it is subject to people's attention rich in nitrogen, phosphorus, three kinds of nutrient fertilizers of potassium.Fertilizer has fertilizer and the big class of inorganic fertilizer two.Fertilizer comprehensive nutrition, fertilizer efficiency is lasting, can improve soil texture, makes basin soil loosening, breathes freely but unhygienic.Inorganic fertilizer fertilizer efficiency is fast, health, but nutrition is simple, and Long-Time Service easily makes soil texture destroy, and pot soil hardening is difficult to breathe freely.In recent years, people especially expect that a kind of i.e. comprehensive nutrition has the birth of the organic fertilizer of sanitation and hygiene.
Summary of the invention
The technical problem to be solved is that providing a kind of uses microbial fermentation technology to process Agricultural residues manufacture fertilizer new method, and the fertilizer cost of preparation is low, and fertilizer efficiency is good, odorless, is especially suitable for family planting and uses.
The technical problem to be solved realizes by the following technical solutions:
A kind of employing microbial fermentation technology processes Agricultural residues and manufactures fertilizer new method, it is characterised in that step is as follows:
1) dispensing
Dispensing is carried out: Agricultural residues 90-110 part, poultry manure 30-40 part, saccharomycete 4-6 part, organic selenium fertilizer 3-5 part, soybean lecithin 4-6 part, glutamic acid mother liquor 8-12 part, shell thing 9-11 part, red yeast rice 4-6 part, zinc carbonate 2-4 part, Tea Saponin 1-3 part, kuh-seng water extract 1-3 part, jujube core powder 2-4 part, sweet osmanthus water extract 0.5-2 part, sawdust 2-4 part, raw starch enzyme 1-3 part, vinasse 1-3 part by the component of following weight portion；
2) sterilization
By step 1) in material send in sterilizing unit, under stirring, in sterilizing unit, spray into bactericide with atomizing type material is sterilized, sterilizing time is 40 minutes, sprays microbial inoculum once at interval of about 10 minutes, controls the temperature in sterilizing unit at 80-90 DEG C；
3) tumbling
By step 2) in be sterilized after material feeding tumbler carry out tumbling process, vacuumized once every 5-8 minute during tumbling, exhaust tumbling 5-10 minute after vacuum every time, then vacuum pumping, so circulation 2-4 time, make material can reach to breathe the effect of massage in tumbling procedure, improve the level of activity of inner material, accelerate to decompose；
4) spray
By step 3) in material after tumbling send in installation for fermenting, use the mode of atomizing spray that material is carried out spray process, be stirred while spray, make material humidifying, clutching to material hand can be agglomerating, but in webs, not water outlet is advisable；
5) fermentation
By step 4) in material after spray carry out sealing and fermenting, control Preliminary fermentation temperature at about 70 DEG C, then every temperature the most every other hour reduces by 5 DEG C, is stirred for once, till temperature reaches 20 DEG C, keeps the temperature of 20 DEG C to ferment 2 hours again；
Use cooling fermentation process, it is possible to effectively activate the active component within material, accelerate fermentation so that the nutrient of material can fully be discharged；
6) it is dried
By step 5) the middle material taking-up fermented, to send in drying plant, use the mode air-dried that material is dried process, in control drying plant, the temperature of hot blast is at 50-60 DEG C, to moisture content of material within 15%；
The mode using low temperature drying is carried out, and prevents the internal active material of high temperature material, it is also possible to economize on resources；
7) granulation
By step 6) the middle material feeding granulator granulation dried, pack.
Above-mentioned shell thing uses nut fruits shell, such as walnut shell, peanut shell, happy shell etc.；
Above-mentioned organic selenium fertilizer is to be made up of the component of following parts by weight: sodium selenite 8 parts, tealeaves alkaloid 1 part, marine alga micro mist 2 parts, chelated ferrous iron 2 parts, Se-enriched yeast 2 parts；Said components being mixed during preparation, mixture is made；
Discarded object in the agriculturals such as above-mentioned Agricultural residues can use straw, plant seedlings.
Above-mentioned bactericide is made up of the raw material of following parts by weight: tobacco 10 parts, 8 parts of capsicum leaf, 10 parts of garlic, Folium Glycines 5 parts, bunge pricklyash leaf 10 parts, tarragon 10 parts, ginkgo 10 parts, cordate houttuynia 5 parts, Radix Isatidis 10 parts, the root of large-flowered skullcap 6 parts, the coptis 8 parts, golden cypress 10 parts, field pennycress 5 parts, 5 parts of sophora flower, Cortex Ailanthi 10 parts and bitter 10 parts of peach branch；Mix by after each parts by weight of crushed during preparation, with water or 70-75% ethanol or extracted by ether secondary, obtain extract medicinal extract, be dried and grind preservation into powder, during use, first dissolve with alcoholic solution, then convert 800-1200 times of water spray.
The invention has the beneficial effects as follows:
1) nutrient is comprehensive, does not contain only 16 kinds of nutrients that plant growth is required, is of value to the element of plant growth possibly together with other, can promote the growth of plant comprehensively；
2) graininess form it is prepared as so that nutrients release is uniformly permanent, is transformed into the available form of plant by microbial decomposition, can slowly discharge, supplies crop nutrition content for a long time；
3) use special preparation technology, it is possible to extract the nutrient in each raw material completely, for plant absorption, reach the maximization of the utilization of resources；
4) by increasing process for sterilizing, the peculiar smell of the compositions such as biogas residue can first be removed, furthermore, there is the remarkable result of sterilization and disinsection, and environmentally safe；
5) make full use of agricultural wastes, such as stalk etc., reach comprehensive utilization of resources, improve peasant economy income, reduce environmental pollution.
Detailed description of the invention
For the technological means making the present invention realize, creation characteristic, reach purpose and be easy to understand with effect, below in conjunction with specific embodiment, the present invention is expanded on further.
Embodiment 1
A kind of employing microbial fermentation technology processes Agricultural residues and manufactures fertilizer new method, and step is as follows:
1) dispensing
Dispensing is carried out: Agricultural residues 100 parts, poultry manure 35 parts, 5 parts of saccharomycete, organic selenium fertilizer 4 parts, soybean lecithin 5 parts, glutamic acid mother liquor 10 parts, shell thing 10 parts, red yeast rice 5 parts, zinc carbonate 3 parts, Tea Saponin 2 parts, kuh-seng water extract 2 parts, 3 parts of jujube core powder, sweet osmanthus water extract 1 part, 3 parts of sawdust, raw starch enzyme 2 parts, 2 parts of vinasse by the component of following weight portion；
2) sterilization
By step 1) in material send in sterilizing unit, under stirring, in sterilizing unit, spray into bactericide with atomizing type material is sterilized, sterilizing time is 40 minutes, sprays microbial inoculum once at interval of about 10 minutes, controls the temperature in sterilizing unit at 80-90 DEG C；
3) tumbling
By step 2) in be sterilized after material feeding tumbler carry out tumbling process, vacuumized once every 5-8 minute during tumbling, exhaust tumbling 5-10 minute after vacuum every time, then vacuum pumping, so circulation 2-4 time, make material can reach to breathe the effect of massage in tumbling procedure, improve the level of activity of inner material, accelerate to decompose；
4) spray
By step 3) in material after tumbling send in installation for fermenting, use the mode of atomizing spray that material is carried out spray process, be stirred while spray, make material humidifying, clutching to material hand can be agglomerating, but in webs, not water outlet is advisable；
5) fermentation
By step 4) in material after spray carry out sealing and fermenting, control Preliminary fermentation temperature at about 70 DEG C, then every temperature the most every other hour reduces by 5 DEG C, is stirred for once, till temperature reaches 20 DEG C, keeps the temperature of 20 DEG C to ferment 2 hours again；
Use cooling fermentation process, it is possible to effectively activate the active component within material, accelerate fermentation so that the nutrient of material can fully be discharged；
6) it is dried
By step 5) the middle material taking-up fermented, to send in drying plant, use the mode air-dried that material is dried process, in control drying plant, the temperature of hot blast is at 50-60 DEG C, to moisture content of material within 15%；
The mode using low temperature drying is carried out, and prevents the internal active material of high temperature material, it is also possible to economize on resources；
7) granulation
By step 6) the middle material feeding granulator granulation dried, pack.
Above-mentioned shell thing uses nut fruits shell, such as walnut shell, peanut shell, happy shell etc.；
Above-mentioned organic selenium fertilizer is to be made up of the component of following parts by weight: sodium selenite 8 parts, tealeaves alkaloid 1 part, marine alga micro mist 2 parts, chelated ferrous iron 2 parts, Se-enriched yeast 2 parts；Said components being mixed during preparation, mixture is made；
Above-mentioned Agricultural residues uses straw.
Above-mentioned bactericide is made up of the raw material of following parts by weight: tobacco 10 parts, 8 parts of capsicum leaf, 10 parts of garlic, Folium Glycines 5 parts, bunge pricklyash leaf 10 parts, tarragon 10 parts, ginkgo 10 parts, cordate houttuynia 5 parts, Radix Isatidis 10 parts, the root of large-flowered skullcap 6 parts, the coptis 8 parts, golden cypress 10 parts, field pennycress 5 parts, 5 parts of sophora flower, Cortex Ailanthi 10 parts and bitter 10 parts of peach branch；Mix by after each parts by weight of crushed during preparation, with water or 70-75% ethanol or extracted by ether secondary, obtain extract medicinal extract, be dried and grind preservation into powder, during use, first dissolve with alcoholic solution, then convert 800-1200 times of water spray.
The general principle of the present invention and principal character and advantages of the present invention have more than been shown and described.Skilled person will appreciate that of the industry; the present invention is not restricted to the described embodiments; the principle that the present invention is simply described described in above-described embodiment and specification; without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention; the present invention also has various changes and modifications, and these changes and improvements both fall within scope of the claimed invention.Claimed scope is defined by appending claims and equivalent thereof.
Claims (4)
1. using microbial fermentation technology to process Agricultural residues and manufacture a fertilizer method, its feature exists
In, step is as follows:
1) dispensing
Carry out dispensing by the component of following weight portion: Agricultural residues 90-110 part, poultry manure 30-40 part,
Saccharomycete 4-6 part, organic selenium fertilizer 3-5 part, soybean lecithin 4-6 part, glutamic acid mother liquor 8-12 part, shell
Thing 9-11 part, red yeast rice 4-6 part, zinc carbonate 2-4 part, Tea Saponin 1-3 part, kuh-seng water extract 1-3 part,
Jujube core powder 2-4 part, sweet osmanthus water extract 0.5-2 part, sawdust 2-4 part, raw starch enzyme 1-3 part, wine
Grain 1-3 part；
2) sterilization
By step 1) in material send in sterilizing unit, with atomizing type to sterilization dress under stirring
Spraying into bactericide in putting to be sterilized material, sterilizing time is 40 minutes, sprays bacterium at interval of 10 minutes
Agent once, controls the temperature in sterilizing unit at 80-90 DEG C；
3) tumbling
By step 2) in be sterilized after material feeding tumbler carry out tumbling process, every 5-8 during tumbling
Minute vacuumize once, exhaust tumbling 5-10 minute, then vacuum pumping after vacuum every time, so circulate 2-4
Secondary；
4) spray
By step 3) in material after tumbling send in installation for fermenting, use the mode of atomizing spray to material
Carry out spray process, be stirred while spray, make material humidifying, clutch can become to material hand
Group, but in webs, not water outlet is advisable；
5) fermentation
By step 4) in material after spray carry out sealing and fermenting, control Preliminary fermentation temperature at 70 DEG C, so
Rear every temperature every other hour reduces by 5 DEG C, is stirred for once, till temperature reaches 20 DEG C, keeps 20 DEG C
Temperature ferment again 2 hours；
6) it is dried
By step 5) the middle material taking-up fermented, send in drying plant, use the mode pair air-dried
Material is dried process, and in control drying plant, the temperature of hot blast is at 50-60 DEG C, to moisture content of material
Within 15%；
7) granulation
By step 6) the middle material feeding granulator granulation dried, pack.
Employing microbial fermentation technology the most according to claim 1 processes Agricultural residues and manufactures organic
Fertile method, it is characterised in that: above-mentioned shell thing uses nut fruits shell.
Employing microbial fermentation technology the most according to claim 1 processes Agricultural residues and manufactures organic
Fertile method, it is characterised in that: above-mentioned organic selenium fertilizer is to be made up of the component of following parts by weight: selenous acid
8 parts of sodium, tealeaves alkaloid 1 part, marine alga micro mist 2 parts, chelated ferrous iron 2 parts, Se-enriched yeast 2 parts；During preparation
Said components being mixed, mixture is made.
Employing microbial fermentation technology the most according to claim 1 processes Agricultural residues and manufactures organic
Fertile method, it is characterised in that: above-mentioned Agricultural residues uses straw.
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| CN201410682978.0A CN104478568B (en) | 2014-11-24 | 2014-11-24 | Use microbial fermentation technology to process Agricultural residues and manufacture fertilizer method |
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| CN105085048A (en) * | 2015-08-18 | 2015-11-25 | 崔明华 | Green and efficient anti-replanting agent and preparation method thereof |
| CN105001012A (en) * | 2015-08-18 | 2015-10-28 | 崔明华 | Green multi-functional watering fertilizer and preparation method thereof |
| CN105684622A (en) * | 2016-01-13 | 2016-06-22 | 广德原野水果种植家庭农场 | Efficient fruit tree fertilization method |
| CN105601363A (en) * | 2016-02-04 | 2016-05-25 | 王植 | Selenium-enriched fertilizer additive, selenium-enriched fertilizer and preparation method thereof |
| CN105830802A (en) * | 2016-04-27 | 2016-08-10 | 巢湖市鑫宇良种农民专业合作社 | Feeding block for cotton seedling culture |
| CN105794536A (en) * | 2016-04-27 | 2016-07-27 | 巢湖市鑫宇良种农民专业合作社 | Preparation method of rice disease-resistant seedling-cultivation substrate |
| TWI668200B (en) * | 2018-10-26 | 2019-08-11 | 大自然環保科技有限公司 | Warehouse type decomposing fermentation method for organic waste |
| CN109627092A (en) * | 2019-01-16 | 2019-04-16 | 深圳袁大高科农业发展有限公司 | A kind of preparation method and application of anti-nematicidal one multifunctional bio bacterial manure |
| CN110419542A (en) * | 2019-07-22 | 2019-11-08 | 湖州盛明生物科技有限公司 | A kind of Plant growth-promoting effect element and preparation method thereof |
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|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN101195550A (en) * | 2007-12-11 | 2008-06-11 | 马长庆 | Technique for producing fertilizer with gourmet powder waste liquor |
| CN102951945A (en) * | 2011-08-30 | 2013-03-06 | 骆伟伟 | Preparation method of base fertilizer for Yuanyou pawpaw grown trees |
| CN104045486A (en) * | 2014-05-28 | 2014-09-17 | 马鞍山市心洲葡萄专业合作社 | Wheat dedicated composite coated fertilizer and preparation method thereof |
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2014
- 2014-11-24 CN CN201410682978.0A patent/CN104478568B/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Patent Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN101195550A (en) * | 2007-12-11 | 2008-06-11 | 马长庆 | Technique for producing fertilizer with gourmet powder waste liquor |
| CN102951945A (en) * | 2011-08-30 | 2013-03-06 | 骆伟伟 | Preparation method of base fertilizer for Yuanyou pawpaw grown trees |
| CN104045486A (en) * | 2014-05-28 | 2014-09-17 | 马鞍山市心洲葡萄专业合作社 | Wheat dedicated composite coated fertilizer and preparation method thereof |
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