CN104446913A - Seaweed grafted fertilizer and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
Seaweed grafted fertilizer and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN104446913A CN104446913A CN201410644762.5A CN201410644762A CN104446913A CN 104446913 A CN104446913 A CN 104446913A CN 201410644762 A CN201410644762 A CN 201410644762A CN 104446913 A CN104446913 A CN 104446913A
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05G—MIXTURES OF FERTILISERS COVERED INDIVIDUALLY BY DIFFERENT SUBCLASSES OF CLASS C05; MIXTURES OF ONE OR MORE FERTILISERS WITH MATERIALS NOT HAVING A SPECIFIC FERTILISING ACTIVITY, e.g. PESTICIDES, SOIL-CONDITIONERS, WETTING AGENTS; FERTILISERS CHARACTERISED BY THEIR FORM
- C05G5/00—Fertilisers characterised by their form
- C05G5/30—Layered or coated, e.g. dust-preventing coatings
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05B—PHOSPHATIC FERTILISERS
- C05B1/00—Superphosphates, i.e. fertilisers produced by reacting rock or bone phosphates with sulfuric or phosphoric acid in such amounts and concentrations as to yield solid products directly
- C05B1/02—Superphosphates
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Abstract
The invention belongs to the technical field of fertilizer production and in particular discloses a seaweed grafted fertilizer and a preparation method thereof. The seaweed grafted fertilizer is characterized in that the grain size of the fertilizer is 2.5-3.5mm; a compound fertilizer is taken as a core; the grain size of the core is 2-3mm; the surface of the core is coated with a loss control agent, a water-retaining agent and an oil film in sequence; the thickness of the loss control agent, the water-retaining agent and the oil film is 50-60g/m<2>, 60-80g/m<2> and 50-70g/m<2> respectively. The seaweed grafted fertilizer has the beneficial effects that the compound fertilizer core, the loss control agent, the water-retaining agent, the oil film, and the like are organically bonded according to a certain sequence and thickness to form a coating with three or more layers and the compound fertilizer is sealed in the coating as the core, thus reducing nutrient loss; the seaweed grafted fertilizer is not only capable of providing nutrients required by growth of crops but also capable of adsorbing nutrients, preventing nutrient loss and increasing the yields and quality of the crops and is a water and fertilizer retaining environment-friendly fertilizer.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to technical field of fertilizer production, be specifically related to a kind of marine alga graft type fertilizer and preparation method thereof.
Background technology
Moisture and fertilizer are two key factors of plant growth, and when moisture and the inharmonious confession of fertilizer are seasonable, crop can not normal growth.Excessive chemical fertilizer of using not only suppresses plant growth, and unnecessary fertilizer flows into water body, also can cause the body eutrophication in rivers and lake, polluted water environment.Meanwhile, seasonal drought is also the significant obstacle factor of restriction agriculture production.In recent years, how to prevent nutrient, water loss from having become the focus of people's concern.In order to solve the contradiction between liquid manure utilization with agriculture production, various controlled release agent and water-holding agent arise at the historic moment, and they improve crop growth conditions to a certain extent, cause the extensive concern of people.But controlled release agent and water-holding agent are used alone and not only increase work number of times and cost, and be difficult to and fertilizer nutrient generation interaction, reduce their effect to a great extent.Therefore, can water conservation in the urgent need to one, the environmental friendly fertilizer that chemical fertilizer runs off can be controlled again, this to raising chemical fertilizer utilising efficiency, to alleviate damage caused by a drought significant.
The controlled release agent of ion beam bioengineering key lab of Chinese Academy of Sciences development, by carrying out physics and bio-modification to attapulgite, undertaken composite by attapulgite and organic floculant polyacrylamide and inorganic flocculating agent aluminium iron polychloride etc., material after composite can form huge interpenetrating(polymer)networks, " net is caught " lives chemical fertilizer nutrient, reduce the loss of nutrient by leaching, runoff and volatilization 3 kinds of approach, can reduce by the nitrogen loss of 20% ~ 60%, reach the object improving chemical fertilizer utilization ratio, decreasing pollution, environmental protect.Controlled release agent relies on its special reticulated structure to adsorb nutrient, and stop the loss of nutrient and volatilization and effectively absorbed by farm crop, improve the utilization ratio of fertilizer, is the direction of new-type fertilizer development in recent years.As a kind of fertilizer synergistic controlled release agent (number of patent application 201210581401.1) of Chen Tianhe invention, it is made up of nitrogen stabilizer, bio-surfactant, biological fermentation compound amino acid, metal ion chelation agent, soil conditioner and water, P use efficiency can be significantly improved, increasing crop yield is increased income, but it does not have and fertilizer, act on single, cannot with nutritive ingredient interaction, and it is higher to use separately cost.Urea fertilizer combines with controlled release agent by the urea controlled release fertilizer (number of patent application 201110117028.X) that leaf Guo Gang invents, and liquid manure is done mutually, avoids Nutrient water loss, and improve the utilization ratio of chemical fertilizer, but only have nitrogen nutrition, nutrient supply is single.Along with the development of agricultural, the research of researchist to controlled release agent is more and more deep, except independent controlled release agent, also the sustained-release fertilizer that a series of controlled release agent combines with fertilizer is developed, but be all simply controlled release agent is mixed with fertilizer, controlled release agent is not wrapped in outside fertilizer kernel, also controlled release agent is not combined with water-holding agent.
Water-holding agent, also known as water-retaining agent, moisture preserving agent, agricultural frozen glue, hydration soil, soil conditioner, polywater glue etc. in agricultural application, be the general designation of water absorbent polymer, mainly contain 4 types, complete synthesis type, graft modification with cellulose type, grafting modified of starch type and natural type.The application of all kinds in agricultural has test and report, but represents the direction of development in the future with the dissimilar compound water retaining agent product by different ratios assembly.Sodium alginate is a kind of wetting ability colloidal sol, containing a large amount of carboxyl and hydroxyl, the domestic and international grafting to sodium alginate at present has some to report as water-holding agent, vast stretch of wooded country beautiful jade etc. has carried out the research of etherificated sodium alginate modified water absorbent resin, carry out etherification modified to sodium alginate, to improve its consistency and chemical stability, but be not applied to agriculturally by this kind of water-absorbing resin, more it not combined with fertilizer forms the water keeping fertilizer of preserve moisture and fertility.The sodium alginate grafted acrylate copolymerization of the invention such as Liu Yunhai and preparation method's (number of patent application 200410013085.3) of super-strong moisture absorbing resin, the resin obtained has good biocompatibility and water-absorbent is strong, water-retentivity and good salt tolerance, but be not applied to agriculturally equally.Zhu Linhui etc. study the preparation of polynite/sodium alginate graft acrylic acid high-hydroscopicity mixture and absorption property, specific surface area is large, cation exchange capacity is higher clay mineral and water-absorbing polymer are mixed to form composite water absorbing material, remarkable reduction production cost, improves product performance.Witch is encircleed raw grade and is studied under ammonium persulphate and urea and thiocarbamide form APS-U and APS-TU redox initiation system respectively, the graft reaction of sodium alginate and vinyl cyanide, but vinyl cyanide has severe toxicity, if grafting not exclusively can produce certain harm to human body.In the world, Yadav etc. are studied sodium alginate grafting AMPS/ polynite and water absorbing properties thereof, and Muratinal etc. have studied the raising of sodium alginate grafted polyethylene to bio-ethanol turnout.By above forefathers, the research of sodium alginate grafting is found, the grafting method of sodium alginate is ripe gradually, the monomer of grafting is also varied, but be mostly applied to medicine and industrial flocculation agent aspect, be applied to almost not having of agroforestry aspect, few especially for water conservation sustained-release fertilizer material.
In recent years, the domestic patent about water keeping fertilizer and document have: the cationic agricultural water keeping fertilizer (number of patent application 200710117740.3) containing multiple nutritional components of the development such as China Agricultural University Hu Shuwen, by cationic super absorbent resin and Chelating state nutritive medium is composite forms, there is salt tolerant, drought resisting, water conservation, the effect of improvement soil; A kind of nourishing water-loss reducer of Yang Yongkang invention is that physical mixed is composite forms with a kind of water-holding agent and diatomite, zeolite, urea, potassium sulfate etc., and product salt tolerance is poor; It is be stored in gel by ammonium fertilizer that the invention such as south China agricultural university Liao Zong Wen a kind of has the ammonium salt hydrogel that water conservation stores fertile effect; A kind of double-effect water-protecting fertiliser (number of patent application 200710308070.3) of the invention such as Bi Jun, by biochemical fulvic acid, urea, calcium ammonium nitrate, the fertilizer such as potassium primary phosphate and polyacrylamide, polyacrylic acid potassium salt copolymer, the granulation of attapulgite co-grinding forms, raw material is fully mixed by physical method by this water keeping fertilizer, and water-retentivity is poor; A kind of the fertilizer of retaining water and releasing nutrients slowly (number of patent application 201210588309.8) of woods Xiao Ming invention, coated slow release fertilizer or low solubility slow release fertilizer, water-holding agent, biological bacteria, humic acids, soil conditioner are mixed, can reduce the loss that fertilizer causes because of volatilization, leaching, control environment pollution.Visible, the most of water keeping fertilizers on market today are made by simple physical mixed water-holding agent and fertilizer, but the base cation in fertilizer has a great impact water-holding agent, usually greatly can reduce the water-absorbing-retaining effect of water-holding agent.The water preserving type film coated urea fertilizer that the Ph D dissertation " development of water preserving type film coated urea fertilizer and evaluation " of He Xusheng is studied is surperficial at urea granules by a kind of potassium type water-holding agent polymerization film formation, water-holding agent and fertilizer are separated, but nutritive ingredient is single, only have a kind of nitrogen nutrition, the demand of plant to multiple nutrient cannot be met.A kind of environmental protection coated fertilizer (number of patent application 201110275715.4) of Cao Yu invention, this environmental protection coated fertilizer comprises chemical fertilizer granule and is wrapped in the coating on granulated fertilizer surface, the material wherein forming controlled release coating is many aldehyde radicals oxidation of polysaccharides and albumen, and at its outer layer covers super absorbent resin, but outermost super absorbent resin exposes in its natural state easily moisture absorption deliquescence, causes water keeping fertilizer to lose efficacy.
Summary of the invention
The present invention is directed to the deficiencies in the prior art, a kind of marine alga graft type fertilizer is provided, described fertilizer by composite fertilizer's kernel, controlled release agent, water-holding agent and oil film etc. in certain sequence and thickness organically combine, layering coating, nutritive substance required for plant growth can not only be provided, and can nutrient be adsorbed, stop nutrient loss, improving crop yield and quality, is the environmental friendly fertilizer of a kind of water conservation, fertilizer conservation.
Another object of the present invention is to provide a kind of preparation method of marine alga graft type fertilizer.
Object of the present invention is achieved by the following technical programs:
A kind of marine alga graft type fertilizer, described fertilizer is 2.5-3.5mm, and is kernel with composite fertilizer, and kernel particle diameter is 2-3 mm, is coated with respectively successively: controlled release agent at described core surface, and thickness is 50-60 g/m
2; Water-holding agent, thickness is 60-80 g/m
2; And oil film, thickness is 50-70 g/m
2.
Described fertilizer, in certain sequence by composite fertilizer's kernel, controlled release agent, water-holding agent and oil film layering coating, makes controlled release agent, water-holding agent and oil film layering play a role.If water-holding agent directly sticks on composite fertilizer's kernel, compound manure component has a significant impact water-holding agent, will greatly reduce the water-absorbing-retaining effect of water-holding agent; If water-holding agent sticks to the outermost layer of described fertilizer, water-holding agent exposes in its natural state easily moisture absorption deliquescence, is unfavorable for preserving, and causes fertilizer to lose efficacy.The effect of oil film is to prevent water-holding agent moisture absorption, deliquescence, caking, is conducive to storage and the transport of fertilizer.The present invention also specify the particle diameter of controlled release agent, water-holding agent and oil film thickness and described fertilizer, make described fertilizer while abundant water-absorbing-retaining, control fertility run off, also there is the several functions such as short root, slowly-releasing, soil conditioning, improve the utilization ratio of moisture and fertilizer.
Preferably, described water-holding agent is that described water-holding agent is the 2.5%-5% of total fertilizer quality by sodium alginate or Lalgine graft acrylic acid or/and acrylamide prepares.
Preferably, described controlled release agent comprises each component of following mass fraction: water 10-30 part; Ethanol 25-35 part; Attapulgite is or/and wilkinite 20-40 part; Trisodium phosphate 1-5 part; Molasses powder is or/and potassium fulvate 10-30 part; Talcum powder 3-10 part; Polyacrylamide is or/and polyacrylic acid 0.5-5 part; At least one in polyoxyethylene glycol, polyvinyl alcohol or POLYPROPYLENE GLYCOL, total mass 1-10 part; At least one in methylcellulose gum, Xylo-Mucine or Natvosol, total mass 1-5 part; Described controlled release agent is the 0.5%-1% of total fertilizer quality.
Preferably, described composite fertilizer kernel comprises each component of following mass fraction: urea, bicarbonate of ammonia, urea formaldehyde, oxamide, butylene pitch in two ureas or IBDU one or more, total mass 20-40 part; One or more in monoammonium phosphate, diammonium phosphate or calcium superphosphate, total mass 10-30 part; One or more in Repone K, potassium sulfate or plant ash, total mass 20-40 part; One or more in biochemical fulvic acid, Ulmic acids or amino acid, total mass 5-30 part; Described composite fertilizer's kernel is the 92-95% of total fertilizer quality.
Preferably, described composite fertilizer kernel also comprise in soya-bean cake, rapeseed cake, sesame-send cake or peanut cake one or more, total mass 5-20 part.
Preferably, described oil film is made up of paraffin, vegetables oil, turps, and mass ratio is paraffin: vegetables oil: turps=1:2:2.
Preferably, described oil film is also enclosed with wilkinite outward, and described oil film and wilkinite total amount are the 1%-3% of total fertilizer quality.
The present invention also provides the preparation method of above-mentioned marine alga graft type fertilizer, comprises the steps:
S1. prepare composite fertilizer's inner core particles, fertilizer is weighed by formula, mixing, granulation, sieving for standby;
S2. by formulated controlled release agent, by controlled release agent uniform adhesion on composite fertilizer's inner core particles surface, dry;
S3. prepare water-holding agent, pulverize and sieve, by the particle surface that water-holding agent uniform adhesion is formed at S2;
S4. the last particle surface formed at S3 wraps up one deck oil film, dry, packaging, and obtain described marine alga graft type fertilizer, particle diameter is 2.5-3.5 mm;
Or step S4 is that the particle surface formed at S3 wraps up oil film and wilkinite successively, and dry, packaging, obtain described marine alga graft type fertilizer, particle diameter is 2.5-3.5 mm.
Preferably, the step preparing water-holding agent described in S3 is as follows:
S31. by sodium alginate or Lalgine heating for dissolving in alkali lye, obtain sodium alginate that mass concentration is 2-8% or Lalgine solution;
S32. dissolved monomer, adds in S31 solution;
S33. add in S32 solution after initiator is water-soluble, half an hour, gradation added;
S34. add linking agent, react 3 hours at 70 DEG C;
S35. reaction terminates post-drying, pulverizes and sieves and obtains water-holding agent;
Described monomer is vinylformic acid, and degree of neutralization is 60-90%;
Or described monomer is the combination of vinylformic acid and acrylamide, and ratio is 1:1 ~ 5, the mass concentration after water-soluble is 20 ~ 25%;
Described initiator is ammonium persulfate-sodium bisulfite, and the mass concentration after water-soluble is 1-2%, and consumption is the 0.5-1% of monomer;
Described linking agent is N,N methylene bis acrylamide, and the mass concentration after water-soluble is 0.5 ~ 1%, and consumption is the 0.1-0.5% of monomer;
The ratio of described sodium alginate or Lalgine and monomer is 1:3 ~ 7.
Preferably, bake out temperature described in S35 is 60 DEG C, crosses 100 mesh sieves after pulverizing.
Compared with prior art, the present invention has following beneficial effect:
(1) marine alga graft type fertilizer provided by the invention by composite fertilizer's kernel, controlled release agent, water-holding agent and oil film etc. in certain sequence and thickness organically combine, form the coating of more than three layers or three layers, composite fertilizer is enclosed in wherein as kernel, decrease the loss of nutrient, nutritive substance required for plant growth can not only be provided, and can nutrient be adsorbed, stop nutrient loss, improving crop yield and quality, is the environmental friendly fertilizer of a kind of water conservation, fertilizer conservation.
(2) controlled release agent is wrapped in outside fertilizer kernel by the present invention, is directly mixed by fertilizer in research different from the past with controlled release agent, reduces fertilizer to the impact of controlled release agent, makes it better play a role.Combined with controlled release agent by water-holding agent, the coated oil film of outermost layer and wilkinite, prevent water-holding agent moisture absorption, deliquescence, caking again, is conducive to storage and the transport of fertilizer, is conducive to seed manure with broadcasting simultaneously.Fertilizer of the present invention, through multi-coated, improves the utilization ratio of fertilizer, reduces the impact between each composition simultaneously, its layering is played a role, and improves utilising efficiency.
(3) composite fertilizer of the present invention kernel uses controlled-release fertilizer, is conducive to the slow releasing of nutrient, extends fertilizer efficiency; Controlled release agent of the present invention, carries out modification to attapulgite or wilkinite composite, forms special reticulated structure, absorption nutrient, and stop and run off, the combination of controlled release agent and water-holding agent achieves the dual command of liquid manure, improves the utilization ratio of moisture and fertilizer; Fertilizer outermost layer parcel oil film of the present invention and wilkinite, can prevent fertilizer agglomeration, make it have good free-running property, is conducive to seed manure with broadcasting.
(4) water-holding agent of the present invention is that by coordinating the proportioning of vinylformic acid and acrylamide, water retention property significantly improves, and Water-saving effect is good by sodium alginate or Lalgine graft acrylic acid or vinylformic acid and acrylamide.And, water-holding agent of the present invention is nontoxic, good biocompatibility, around root system of plant, form one " miniature reservoir ", absorb when moisture is sufficient and store moisture, during arid, directly provide plant moisture, improve plant drought ability, meanwhile, it can also absorb fertilizer and slow releasing, increases fertilizer efficiency.
(5) fertilizer organic-inorganic of the present invention nutrition is coordinated mutually, can provide enough nutrients for the process of growth of plant, can also improve the crumb structure of soil simultaneously, increases water-permeable and ventilation property, and then increasing both production and income.
(6) in the present invention, water-holding agent production technique simplifies, and does not need logical nitrogen, and operation simple and convenient, production efficiency is higher, and production cost is low.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is that marine alga graft type fertilizer protects A, the outward appearance of protecting B and anatomic observation figure.
Fig. 2 is that marine alga graft type fertilizer is protected A, protected the Water-saving effect of B.
Fig. 3 is that marine alga graft type fertilizer is protected A, protected B in soil N P, K accumulation leaching loss amount.
Fig. 4 is that marine alga graft type fertilizer is protected A, protected B N, P, K accumulation leaching loss amount under condition of pot.
Fig. 5 is that comparative example 1 is protected C and compared with guarantor's A Water-saving effect.
Fig. 6 is that comparative example 2 is protected D and compared with guarantor's A Water-saving effect.
Fig. 7 be comparative example 2 protect D with guarantor A compare in soil N P, K accumulation leaching loss amount.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with Figure of description and specific embodiment the present invention made and elaborating further, but embodiment does not limit in any form the present invention.Unless stated otherwise, the present invention adopts reagent, method and apparatus are the art conventional reagent, method and apparatus.
embodiment 1
Prepare marine alga graft type fertilizer A in the steps below.
S1. prepare composite fertilizer's inner core particles, fertilizer is weighed by formula, mixes, granulation, sieving for standby;
Described composite fertilizer kernel comprises each component of following quality: urea 376 kg, diammonium phosphate 94 kg, Repone K 188 kg, amino acid 94 kg, xanthohumic acid 188 kg;
S2. by formulated controlled release agent, be evenly sprayed onto by controlled release agent on composite fertilizer's kernel and realize agglomeration, dry, after oven dry, controlled release agent consumption accounts for 1% of fertilizer total amount;
Described controlled release agent comprises each component of following quality: attapulgite 3.5 kg, polyacrylamide 0.1 kg, polyoxyethylene glycol 0.6 kg, trisodium phosphate 0.1 kg, molasses powder 1.3 kg, methylcellulose gum 0.1 kg, ethanol 2.7 kg, water 1.3 kg, polyvinyl alcohol 0.13 kg, talcum powder 0.4 kg;
S3. prepare water-holding agent by following formula and step, spray water-holding agent powder at S2 particle surface, form the uniform high water absorbency polymer water-holding agent of one deck outward to particle, water-holding agent consumption accounts for 3% of fertilizer total amount:
The described raw material preparing water-holding agent comprises each component of following quality: sodium alginate 1.23 kg, acrylamide (AM) 20.55 kg, vinylformic acid (AA) 8.21 kg, NaOH solution (6mol/L) 20.65 kg, ammonium persulphate (APS) 39.20 g, sodium bisulfite 5.904 g, N, N-methylene-bisacrylamide (MBA) 7.79 g, obtains sodium alginate graft type water-holding agent 30 kg after oven dry;
S31. be dissolved in NaOH solution by above-mentioned formula by sodium alginate, join there-necked flask, 45 DEG C of heating, obtain the sodium alginate soln of mass concentration 3.33%;
S32. dissolve vinylformic acid and acrylamide, the mass concentration after water-soluble is 20%, joins in there-necked flask;
S33. dissolve ammonium persulphate and sodium bisulfite, the mass concentration after water-soluble is 1.2%, joins in Erlenmeyer flask, stirs, and in half an hour, gradation adds;
S34. dissolve N,N methylene bis acrylamide, the mass concentration after water-soluble is 0.5%, adds in Erlenmeyer flask, stirs, and reacts 3 hours at 70 DEG C;
S35. reaction terminates rear 60 DEG C of oven dry, pulverizes 100 mesh sieves and obtains water-holding agent;
S4. the particle surface formed at S3 wraps up one deck oil film, and consumption accounts for 2% of fertilizer total amount;
Described oil film comprises each component of following quality: paraffin 4 kg, vegetables oil 8 kg, turps 8 kg;
S5. dry, pack, obtain marine alga graft type fertilizer A, be called for short and protect A.
The kernel particle diameter that this embodiment prepares fertilizer is 2-2.5 mm, and the thickness of controlled release agent is 55 ± 2.5 g/m
2, the thickness of water-holding agent is 65 ± 2 g/m
2, the thickness of oil film is 50 ± 2 g/m
2.
embodiment 2
Prepare marine alga graft type fertilizer B in the steps below.
S1. prepare composite fertilizer's inner core particles, fertilizer is weighed by formula, mixes, granulation, sieving for standby;
Described composite fertilizer kernel comprises each component of following quality: urea 376 kg, diammonium phosphate 188 kg, Repone K 282 kg, amino acid 47 kg, rapeseed cake 47 kg;
S2. by formulated controlled release agent, be evenly sprayed onto by controlled release agent on composite fertilizer's kernel and realize agglomeration, dry, after oven dry, controlled release agent consumption accounts for 1% of fertilizer total amount;
Described controlled release agent comprises each component of following quality: attapulgite 2.65 kg, polyacrylamide 0.25 kg, polyoxyethylene glycol 0.8 kg, trisodium phosphate 0.1 kg, molasses powder 1.50 kg, Natvosol 0.15 kg, ethanol 3 kg, water 1 kg, polyvinyl alcohol 0.15 kg, talcum powder 0.4 kg;
S3. prepare water-holding agent by following formula and step, spray water-holding agent powder at S2 particle surface, form the uniform high water absorbency polymer water-holding agent of one deck outward to particle, water-holding agent consumption accounts for 2.5% of fertilizer total amount;
The described raw material preparing water-holding agent comprises each component of following quality: sodium alginate 1.23 kg, acrylamide (AM) 20.55 kg, vinylformic acid (AA) 4.10 kg, NaoH solution (6mol/L) 12.15 kg, ammonium persulphate (APS) 39.20 g, sodium bisulfite 5.904 g, N, N '-methylene-bisacrylamide (MBA) 7.79 g, obtains alga super absorbent polymer 25 kg after oven dry;
S31. be dissolved in NaOH solution by above-mentioned formula by sodium alginate, join there-necked flask, 45 DEG C of heating, obtain the sodium alginate soln of mass concentration 3.33%;
S32. dissolve vinylformic acid and acrylamide, the mass concentration after water-soluble is 22%, joins in there-necked flask;
S33. dissolve ammonium persulphate and sodium bisulfite, the mass concentration after water-soluble is 1%, joins in Erlenmeyer flask, stirs, and in half an hour, gradation adds;
S34. dissolve N,N methylene bis acrylamide, the mass concentration after water-soluble is 0.5%, adds in Erlenmeyer flask, stirs, and reacts 3 hours at 70 DEG C;
S35. reaction terminates rear 60 DEG C of oven dry, pulverizes 100 mesh sieves and obtains water-holding agent;
S4. the particle surface formed at S3 wraps up oil film and wilkinite respectively, and consumption accounts for 1.5% of fertilizer total amount;
Described oil film comprises each component of following quality: paraffin 4 kg, vegetables oil 8 kg, turps 8 kg; Described bentonite consumption 5 kg;
S5. dry, pack, obtain marine alga graft type fertilizer B, be called for short and protect B.
The kernel particle diameter that this embodiment prepares fertilizer is 2.5-3 mm, and the thickness of controlled release agent is 55 ± 2.5 g/m
2, the thickness of water-holding agent is 60 ± 2 g/m
2, the thickness of oil film is 50 ± 2 g/m
2.
embodiment 3
Prepare marine alga graft type fertilizer in the steps below.
S1. prepare composite fertilizer's inner core particles, fertilizer is weighed by formula, mixes, granulation, sieving for standby;
Described composite fertilizer kernel comprises each component of following quality: urea formaldehyde 100 kg, bicarbonate of ammonia 272 kg, monoammonium phosphate 93 kg, plant ash 186 kg, amino acid 93 kg, sesame-send cake 186 kg;
S2. by formulated controlled release agent, be evenly sprayed onto by controlled release agent on composite fertilizer's kernel and realize agglomeration, dry, after oven dry, controlled release agent consumption accounts for 1% of fertilizer total amount;
Described controlled release agent comprises each component of following quality: wilkinite 3.25 kg, polyacrylamide 0.13 kg, polyoxyethylene glycol 0.65 kg, trisodium phosphate 0.13 kg, molasses powder 1.3 kg, methylcellulose gum 0.13 kg, ethanol 2.72 kg, water 1.3 kg, polyvinyl alcohol 0.13 kg, talcum powder 0.35 kg;
S3. prepare water-holding agent by following formula and step, spray water-holding agent powder at S2 particle surface, form the uniform high water absorbency polymer water-holding agent of one deck outward to particle, water-holding agent consumption accounts for 5% of fertilizer total amount:
The described raw material preparing water-holding agent comprises each component of following quality: Lalgine 2 kg, acrylamide (AM) 34.25 kg, vinylformic acid (AA) 13.70 kg, NaOH solution (6mol/L) 24.3 kg, ammonium persulphate (APS) 63.74 g, sodium bisulfite 9.6 g, N, N '-methylene-bisacrylamide (MBA) 12.67 g, obtains alga super absorbent polymer 50 kg after oven dry;
S31. be dissolved in NaOH solution by above-mentioned formula by Lalgine, join there-necked flask, 40 DEG C of heating, obtain the Lalgine solution of mass concentration 4%;
S32. dissolve vinylformic acid and acrylamide, the mass concentration after water-soluble is 25%, joins in there-necked flask;
S33. dissolve ammonium persulphate and sodium bisulfite, the mass concentration after water-soluble is 1.3%, joins in Erlenmeyer flask, stirs, and in half an hour, gradation adds;
S34. dissolve N,N methylene bis acrylamide, the mass concentration after water-soluble is 0.8%, adds in Erlenmeyer flask, stirs, and reacts 3 hours at 70 DEG C;
S35. reaction terminates rear 60 DEG C of oven dry, pulverizes 100 mesh sieves and obtains water-holding agent;
S4. the particle surface formed at S3 wraps up one deck oil film, and consumption accounts for 1% of fertilizer total amount;
Described oil film comprises each component of following quality: paraffin 2 kg, vegetables oil 4 kg, turps 4 kg;
S5. dry, pack, obtain marine alga graft type fertilizer.
The kernel particle diameter that this embodiment prepares fertilizer is 2.5-3 mm, and the thickness of controlled release agent is 55 ± 2 g/m
2, the thickness of water-holding agent is 80 ± 2 g/m
2, the thickness of oil film is 50 ± 2 g/m
2.
embodiment 4
Prepare marine alga graft type fertilizer in the steps below.
S1. prepare composite fertilizer's inner core particles, fertilizer is weighed by formula, mixes, granulation, sieving for standby;
Described composite fertilizer kernel comprises each component of following quality: urea 76 kg, and butylene pitches two urea 200 kg, calcium superphosphate 184 kg, Repone K 184 kg, xanthohumic acid 184 kg, rapeseed cake 92 kg;
S2. by formulated controlled release agent, be evenly sprayed onto by controlled release agent on composite fertilizer's kernel and realize agglomeration, dry, after oven dry, controlled release agent consumption accounts for 0.5% of fertilizer total amount;
Described controlled release agent comprises each component of following quality: wilkinite 1.63 kg, polyacrylamide 0.06 kg, polyoxyethylene glycol 0.35 kg, trisodium phosphate 0.06 kg, molasses powder 0.65 kg, methylcellulose gum 0.07 kg, ethanol 1.36 kg, water 0.65 kg, POLYPROPYLENE GLYCOL 0.06 kg, talcum powder 0.18 kg;
S3. prepare water-holding agent by following formula and step, spray water-holding agent powder at S2 particle surface, form the uniform high water absorbency polymer water-holding agent of one deck outward to particle, water-holding agent consumption accounts for 5% of fertilizer total amount:
The described raw material preparing water-holding agent comprises each component of following quality: Lalgine 2 kg, vinylformic acid (AA) 47.95 kg, NaoH solution (6mol/L) 40 kg, ammonium persulphate (APS) 63.74 g, sodium bisulfite 9.6 g, N, N '-methylene-bisacrylamide (MBA) 12.67 g, obtain alga super absorbent polymer 50 kg after oven dry;
S31. be dissolved in NaOH solution by above-mentioned formula by Lalgine, join there-necked flask, 50 DEG C of heating, obtain the Lalgine solution of mass concentration 8%;
S32. dissolve vinylformic acid, the mass concentration after water-soluble is 25%, joins in there-necked flask;
S33. dissolve ammonium persulphate and sodium bisulfite, the mass concentration after water-soluble is 2%, joins in Erlenmeyer flask, stirs, and in half an hour, gradation adds;
S34. dissolve N,N methylene bis acrylamide, the mass concentration after water-soluble is 0.5%, adds in Erlenmeyer flask, stirs, and reacts 3 hours at 70 DEG C;
S35. reaction terminates rear 60 DEG C of oven dry, pulverizes 100 mesh sieves and obtains water-holding agent;
S4. the particle surface formed at S3 wraps up one deck oil film, and consumption accounts for 2.5% of fertilizer total amount;
Described oil film comprises each component of following quality: paraffin 5 kg, vegetables oil 10 kg, turps 10 kg;
S5. dry, pack, obtain marine alga graft type fertilizer.
The kernel particle diameter that this embodiment prepares fertilizer is 2-2.5 mm, and the thickness of controlled release agent is 50 ± 2 g/m
2, the thickness of water-holding agent is 80 ± 2 g/m
2, the thickness of oil film is 60 ± 2 g/m
2.
embodiment 5
Prepare marine alga graft type fertilizer in the steps below.
S1. prepare composite fertilizer's inner core particles, fertilizer is weighed by formula, mixes, granulation, sieving for standby;
Described composite fertilizer kernel comprises each component of following quality: urea formaldehyde 376 kg, diammonium phosphate 94 kg, Repone K 188 kg, xanthohumic acid 94 kg, peanut cake 188 kg;
S2. by formulated controlled release agent, be evenly sprayed onto by controlled release agent on composite fertilizer's kernel and realize agglomeration, dry, after oven dry, controlled release agent consumption accounts for 1% of fertilizer total amount;
Described controlled release agent comprises each component of following quality: attapulgite 3.5 kg, polyacrylamide 0.2 kg, polyoxyethylene glycol 0.5 kg, trisodium phosphate 0.1 kg, molasses powder 1 kg, Natvosol 0.24 kg, ethanol 2.5 kg, water 1.5 kg, polyvinyl alcohol 0.15 kg, talcum powder 0.35 kg;
S3. prepare water-holding agent by following formula and step, spray water-holding agent powder at S2 particle surface, form the uniform high water absorbency polymer water-holding agent of one deck outward to particle, water-holding agent consumption accounts for 4% of fertilizer total amount:
The described raw material preparing water-holding agent comprises each component of following quality: sodium alginate 1.6 kg, acrylamide (AM) 27.40 kg, vinylformic acid (AA) 11 kg, NaOH solution (6mol/L) 19.44 kg, ammonium persulphate (APS) 51 g, sodium bisulfite 7.68 g, N, N '-methylene-bisacrylamide (MBA) 10.14 g, obtains alga super absorbent polymer 40 kg after oven dry;
S31. be dissolved in NaOH solution by above-mentioned formula by sodium alginate, join there-necked flask, 45 DEG C of heating, obtain the sodium alginate soln of mass concentration 6%;
S32. dissolve acrylamide and vinylformic acid, the mass concentration after water-soluble is 24%, joins in there-necked flask;
S33. dissolve ammonium persulphate and sodium bisulfite, the mass concentration after water-soluble is 1%, joins in Erlenmeyer flask, stirs, and in half an hour, gradation adds;
S34. dissolve N,N methylene bis acrylamide, the mass concentration after water-soluble is 0.8%, adds in Erlenmeyer flask, stirs, and reacts 3 hours at 70 DEG C;
S35. reaction terminates rear 60 DEG C of oven dry, pulverizes 100 mesh sieves and obtains water-holding agent;
S4. the particle surface formed at S3 wraps up one deck oil film, and consumption accounts for 1% of fertilizer total amount;
Described oil film comprises each component of following quality: paraffin 2 kg, vegetables oil 4 kg, turps 4 kg;
S5. dry, pack, obtain marine alga graft type fertilizer.
The kernel particle diameter that this embodiment prepares fertilizer is 2.5-3 mm, and the thickness of controlled release agent is 55 ± 2 g/m
2, the thickness of water-holding agent is 75 ± 2 g/m
2, the thickness of oil film is 60 ± 2 g/m
2.
embodiment 6the specificity analysis of fertilizer and effect test
The guarantor A that the specificity analysis of following fertilizer and effect test are prepared respectively with embodiment 1 and 2 and protect B for research object.
1. the properties study of marine alga grafting fertilizer
From marine alga graft type fertilizer A and B that visual inspection prepares, find that marine alga graft type fertilizer is granular fertilizers, particle diameter is 2.5 ~ 3.5 mm, and marine alga graft type fertilizer A(protects A) in tawny, marine alga graft type fertilizer B(protects B) in canescence, see Fig. 1.Further observation finds, two kinds of marine alga graft type fertilizer surface are all in rough coarse shape, and can see the obvious layering between kernel and coating from dissection surface, membrane wrapping thickness is 0.1 ~ 0.2 mm.
2. the Water-saving effect research of marine alga graft type fertilizer
By the changing conditions of research alga super absorbent polymer rate-of-loss of coolant, find that antecedent moisture velocity of evaporation is comparatively slow, within the 6th day, rate-of-loss of coolant significantly increases, and reached the highest at the 8th day, occur afterwards declining, experimental result is shown in Fig. 2 a, shows that the evaporation of water-holding agent moisture is a process slowly.The Water absorption of further research three kinds of fertilizer and water retention, discovery Common compound fertilizer NPK meets water and can dissolve, and protects A and the moisture protecting B difference energy sticking own wt 23.47 times and 20.29 times, and experimental result is shown in Fig. 2 b, water retention is respectively 67.33% and 70.34%, and experimental result is shown in Fig. 2 c.Result shows, protects A and protect B all to have good water-retentivity and nutrient preserving capability, and after guaranteeing fertilizer water suction, moisture not easily runs off.Analyze the impact of each process on soil moisture specific absorption, experimental result is shown in Fig. 2 d, result shows, the process adding marine alga graft type fertilizer can significantly improve soil moisture specific absorption, further illustrates marine alga graft type fertilizer and has good water-retentivity, and the soil moisture specific absorption of protecting A is maximum, be 89%, improve 45.1% compared with the control, also there is significant difference in the soil moisture specific absorption of protecting between A and guarantor B, and protecting A relative to the amplification of protecting B is 26.5%.
Caption: CK is blank, and NPK represents Common compound fertilizer (26-10-16), protects A and represents marine alga graft type fertilizer A, protects B and represents marine alga graft type fertilizer B.A: the change of marine alga grafting water-holding agent rate-of-loss of coolant; The Water absorption of b: three kinds of fertilizer; The water retention of c: three kinds of fertilizer; D: to soil moisture specific absorption; * represent that fertilizer is water-soluble, data are mean value ± standard error (n=3), through the inspection of DMRT method, pillar have the expression difference of same letter not significantly (α=0.05).
3. the research of marine alga graft type fertilizer leaching loss
By Leaching Experiments, we study the fertilizer conservation effect of marine alga graft type fertilizer further.As seen from Figure 3, the soil adding marine alga graft type fertilizer can slow down the release of nutrient in fertilizer.1st day, the nutrient release amount of NPK process with protect A, protect B process and there is notable difference, the amount of NPK process release ammonia nitrogen is 9.17 times and 4.55 times that protect A, protect B process respectively, the amount of release phosphorus is 12.56 times and 4.56 times that protect A, protect B process respectively, and release potassium is 4.35 times and 2.36 times that protect A, protect B process respectively.3rd day, between each process, difference reduced, but the nutrient release amount of NPK process is still higher than protecting A and protecting B process.6th day, the nutrient release amount between each process did not have notable difference, used the process nutrient release amount of marine alga graft type fertilizer apparently higher than front twice leaching test.Generally speaking, during 10 days that carry out testing, and use compared with Common compound fertilizer, protect A and protect B process nutrients release comparatively mild, and it is not remarkable to protect difference between A and guarantor B.Nutrient leaching loss rule and the pure soil eluviation experimental result of the marine alga graft type fertilizer under condition of pot are basically identical, and experimental result is shown in Fig. 4.
Caption: CK is blank, and NPK represents that Common compound fertilizer (26-10-16) processes, and protects A and represents marine alga graft type fertilizer A process, protects B and represents marine alga graft type fertilizer B process.Data are mean value ± standard error (n=3), through the inspection of DMRT method, pillar have the expression difference of same letter not significantly (α=0.05).
4. romaine lettuce and corn potted plant experiment
In order to study the preserve moisture and fertility effect of marine alga graft type fertilizer, we carry out romaine lettuce and corn potted plant experiment respectively.Table 1 result shows, uses the overground part fresh weight that marine alga graft type fertilizer can significantly improve romaine lettuce; Compared with contrast CK, the amplification of protecting A and guarantor B process is respectively 52.1% and 44.7%; Contrast with the process executing Common compound fertilizer NPK, the amplification of protecting A and guarantor B process is then respectively 26.14% and 20.06%.For the moisture content of romaine lettuce, protecting A and protecting moisture content between B process does not have significant difference, but apparently higher than CK and NPK process.Analyze marine alga graft type fertilizer to the impact of romaine lettuce nutrition absorption, table 2 result shows, compared with NPK process, use marine alga graft type fertilizer on the absorption of romaine lettuce N, P and K to affect difference remarkable, show that carrying out the control of marine alga grafting water conservation to Common compound fertilizer loses coating process and do not reduce the absorption of plant to fertilizer nutrient.
Table 3 result shows, and uses compared with Common compound fertilizer, uses to protect B and significance can improve corn plant height; The overground part fresh weight protecting A and guarantor B process is respectively 39.3% and 40.7% relative to NPK process amplification, reaches conspicuous level; The amplification of dry weight is respectively 33.3% and 41.7%.In affecting Maize Roots, table 4 result shows, protects A and protect B process to promote root elongation, increases root system fresh weight and root volume; Wherein, the root system fresh weight protecting A and guarantor B process is significantly higher than contrast CK and NPK process.
the impact that table 1 marine alga graft type fertilizer grows romaine lettuce overground part
Note: CK is blank, and NPK represents that Common compound fertilizer (26-10-16) processes, and protects A and represents marine alga graft type fertilizer A process, protects B and represents marine alga graft type fertilizer B process.In table, data are the mean value ± standard error repeated for 4 times, through the inspection of DMRT method, have the expression difference of same letter not significantly (α=0.05) with column data.Lower same.
table 2 marine alga graft type fertilizer is on the impact of romaine lettuce nutrition absorption
table 3 marine alga graft type fertilizer is on the impact of corn field upper grown
table 4 marine alga graft type fertilizer is on the impact of Maize Roots
comparative example 1
This comparative example prepare marine alga graft type fertilizer C(protect C) each component formula identical with embodiment 1, but the order of the chromosomal packing of fertilizer is different from embodiment 1, the order of the chromosomal packing of guarantor C is skin coated water-holding agent, controlled release agent, the oil film successively at kernel fertilizer, and other preparation methods are with embodiment 1.Relatively protect C and the Water-saving effect protecting A, experimental result is as follows.
As seen from Figure 5, the change of coating order can affect the Water absorption of fertilizer, water retention and soil moisture specific absorption.Water-holding agent is wrapped in innermost layer, directly contacts with fertilizer, and the base cation in fertilizer directly affects the water-absorbing-retaining effect of water-holding agent, and compared with guarantor A, the Water absorption protecting C reduces by 47.42%, and water retention reduces by 32.66%, and soil moisture specific absorption reduces by 22.09%.
comparative example 2
The Jacket thickness of fertilizer described in this comparative example is different from embodiment 1, specifically in table 5, prepares marine alga graft type fertilizer D(and protects D), the preparation method of fertilizer is as follows.
S1. prepare composite fertilizer's inner core particles, fertilizer is weighed by formula, mixes, granulation, sieving for standby;
Described composite fertilizer kernel comprises each component of following quality: urea 360 kg, diammonium phosphate 90 kg, Repone K 180 kg, amino acid 90 kg, xanthohumic acid 180 kg;
S2. by formulated controlled release agent, be evenly sprayed onto by controlled release agent on composite fertilizer's kernel and realize agglomeration, dry, after oven dry, controlled release agent consumption accounts for 2.5% of fertilizer total amount;
Described controlled release agent comprises each component of following quality: attapulgite 8.75 kg, polyacrylamide 0.25 kg, polyoxyethylene glycol 1.5 kg, trisodium phosphate 0.25 kg, molasses powder 3.25 kg, methylcellulose gum 0.25 kg, ethanol 6.75 kg, water 3.25 kg, polyvinyl alcohol 0.33 kg, talcum powder 1 kg;
S3. prepare water-holding agent by following formula and step, spray water-holding agent powder at S2 particle surface, form the uniform high water absorbency polymer water-holding agent of one deck outward to particle, water-holding agent consumption accounts for 6.5% of fertilizer total amount:
The described raw material preparing water-holding agent comprises each component of following quality: sodium alginate 2.66 kg, acrylamide (AM) 34.32 kg, vinylformic acid (AA) 13.71 kg, NaOH solution (6mol/L) 34.49 kg, ammonium persulphate (APS) 65.46 g, sodium bisulfite 9.86 g, N, N-methylene-bisacrylamide (MBA) 13.01 g, obtains sodium alginate graft type water-holding agent 65 kg after oven dry;
S31. be dissolved in NaOH solution by above-mentioned formula by sodium alginate, join there-necked flask, 45 DEG C of heating, obtain the sodium alginate soln of mass concentration 3.33%;
S32. dissolve vinylformic acid and acrylamide, the mass concentration after water-soluble is 20%, joins in there-necked flask;
S33. dissolve ammonium persulphate and sodium bisulfite, the mass concentration after water-soluble is 1.2%, joins in Erlenmeyer flask, stirs, and in half an hour, gradation adds;
S34. dissolve N,N methylene bis acrylamide, the mass concentration after water-soluble is 0.5%, adds in Erlenmeyer flask, stirs, and reacts 3 hours at 70 DEG C;
S35. reaction terminates rear 60 DEG C of oven dry, pulverizes 100 mesh sieves and obtains water-holding agent;
S4. the particle surface formed at S3 wraps up one deck oil film, and consumption accounts for 1% of fertilizer total amount;
Described oil film comprises each component of following quality: paraffin 2 kg, vegetables oil 4 kg, turps 4 kg;
S5. dry, pack, obtain marine alga graft type fertilizer D, be called for short and protect D.
Relatively protect D and the preserve moisture and fertility effect of protecting A.
Table 5 is protected D and is respectively formed particle diameter or thickness with the fertilizer protecting A
Annotation: particle diameter unit is mm.Thickness unit is g/m
2
The preserve moisture and fertility effectiveness comparison of two kinds of fertilizer is as follows:
Protect D compared with guarantor A, the thickness of controlled release agent and water-holding agent increases.Fertilizer water-absorbing-retaining effect experimental the results are shown in Figure 6, and the increase of controlled release agent and water-holding agent thickness makes the Water absorption of guarantor D and soil moisture specific absorption decline on the contrary.Further, the increase of controlled release agent and water-holding agent thickness makes coating blocked up, fertilizer kernel nutrient can be caused to be difficult to release, cannot meet the nutrient required for growth and development of plants, affect the normal growth of plant.As can be seen from Figure 7, protecting D increases due to membrane wrapping thickness, and nutrients release is slow, and compared with guarantor A, its nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium 10 days cumulative release amounts reduce 52.53%, 65.11% and 62.76% respectively.
Claims (10)
1. a marine alga graft type fertilizer, is characterized in that, described fertilizer particle diameter is 2.5-3.5mm, and is kernel with composite fertilizer, and kernel particle diameter is 2-3 mm, is coated with respectively successively: controlled release agent at described core surface, and thickness is 50-60 g/m
2; Water-holding agent, thickness is 60-80 g/m
2; And oil film, thickness is 50-70 g/m
2.
2. marine alga graft type fertilizer according to claim 1, is characterized in that, described water-holding agent is that described water-holding agent is the 2.5%-5% of total fertilizer quality by sodium alginate or Lalgine graft acrylic acid or/and acrylamide prepares.
3. marine alga graft type fertilizer according to claim 1, is characterized in that, described controlled release agent comprises each component of following mass fraction: water 10-30 part; Ethanol 25-35 part; Attapulgite is or/and wilkinite 20-40 part; Trisodium phosphate 1-5 part; Molasses powder is or/and potassium fulvate 10-30 part; Talcum powder 3-10 part; Polyacrylamide is or/and polyacrylic acid 0.5-5 part; At least one in polyoxyethylene glycol, polyvinyl alcohol or POLYPROPYLENE GLYCOL, total mass 1-10 part; At least one in methylcellulose gum, Xylo-Mucine or Natvosol, total mass 1-5 part; Described controlled release agent is the 0.5%-1% of total fertilizer quality.
4. marine alga graft type fertilizer according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, described composite fertilizer kernel comprises each component of following mass fraction: urea, bicarbonate of ammonia, urea formaldehyde, oxamide, butylene pitch in two ureas or IBDU one or more, total mass 20-40 part; One or more in monoammonium phosphate, diammonium phosphate or calcium superphosphate, total mass 10-30 part; One or more in Repone K, potassium sulfate or plant ash, total mass 20-40 part; One or more in biochemical fulvic acid, Ulmic acids or amino acid, total mass 5-30 part; Described composite fertilizer's kernel is the 92-95% of total fertilizer quality.
5. marine alga graft type fertilizer according to claim 4, is characterized in that, described composite fertilizer kernel also comprise in soya-bean cake, rapeseed cake, sesame-send cake or peanut cake one or more, total mass 5-20 part.
6. marine alga graft type fertilizer according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, described oil film is made up of paraffin, vegetables oil, turps, and mass ratio is paraffin: vegetables oil: turps=1:2:2.
7. a kind of marine alga graft type fertilizer according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, described oil film is also enclosed with wilkinite outward, and described oil film and wilkinite total amount are the 1%-3% of total fertilizer quality.
8. the preparation method of the marine alga graft type fertilizer described in any one of claim 1 ~ 7, is characterized in that, comprise the steps:
S1. prepare composite fertilizer's inner core particles, fertilizer is weighed by formula, mixing, granulation, sieving for standby;
S2. by formulated controlled release agent, by controlled release agent uniform adhesion on composite fertilizer's inner core particles surface, dry;
S3. prepare water-holding agent, pulverize and sieve, by the particle surface that water-holding agent uniform adhesion is formed at S2;
S4. the last particle surface formed at S3 wraps up one deck oil film, dry, packaging, and obtain described marine alga graft type fertilizer, particle diameter is 2.5-3.5 mm;
Or step S4 is that the particle surface formed at S3 wraps up oil film and wilkinite successively, and dry, packaging, obtain described marine alga graft type fertilizer, particle diameter is 2.5-3.5 mm.
9. the preparation method of marine alga graft type fertilizer according to claim 8, it is characterized in that, the step preparing water-holding agent described in S3 is as follows:
S31. by sodium alginate or Lalgine heating for dissolving in alkali lye, obtain sodium alginate that mass concentration is 2-8% or Lalgine solution;
S32. dissolved monomer, adds in S31 solution;
S33. add in S32 solution after initiator is water-soluble, half an hour, gradation added;
S34. add linking agent, react 3 hours at 70 DEG C;
S35. reaction terminates post-drying, pulverizes and sieves and obtains water-holding agent;
Described monomer is vinylformic acid, and degree of neutralization is 60-90%;
Or described monomer is the combination of vinylformic acid and acrylamide, and ratio is 1:1-5, the mass concentration after water-soluble is 20 ~ 25%;
Described initiator is ammonium persulfate-sodium bisulfite, and the mass concentration after water-soluble is 1-2%, and consumption is the 0.5-1% of monomer;
Described linking agent is N,N methylene bis acrylamide, and the mass concentration after water-soluble is 0.5-1%, and consumption is the 0.1-0.5% of monomer;
The ratio of described sodium alginate or Lalgine and monomer is 1:3-7.
10. the preparation method of marine alga graft type fertilizer according to claim 9, is characterized in that, bake out temperature described in S35 is 60 DEG C, crosses 100 mesh sieves after pulverizing.
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| CN104446913B (en) | 2017-03-15 |
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