CN115536467A - Organic-inorganic polymerization water-retaining all-element fertilizer and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
Organic-inorganic polymerization water-retaining all-element fertilizer and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05B—PHOSPHATIC FERTILISERS
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- C05G—MIXTURES OF FERTILISERS COVERED INDIVIDUALLY BY DIFFERENT SUBCLASSES OF CLASS C05; MIXTURES OF ONE OR MORE FERTILISERS WITH MATERIALS NOT HAVING A SPECIFIC FERTILISING ACTIVITY, e.g. PESTICIDES, SOIL-CONDITIONERS, WETTING AGENTS; FERTILISERS CHARACTERISED BY THEIR FORM
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05G—MIXTURES OF FERTILISERS COVERED INDIVIDUALLY BY DIFFERENT SUBCLASSES OF CLASS C05; MIXTURES OF ONE OR MORE FERTILISERS WITH MATERIALS NOT HAVING A SPECIFIC FERTILISING ACTIVITY, e.g. PESTICIDES, SOIL-CONDITIONERS, WETTING AGENTS; FERTILISERS CHARACTERISED BY THEIR FORM
- C05G3/00—Mixtures of one or more fertilisers with additives not having a specially fertilising activity
- C05G3/40—Mixtures of one or more fertilisers with additives not having a specially fertilising activity for affecting fertiliser dosage or release rate; for affecting solubility
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- C05G—MIXTURES OF FERTILISERS COVERED INDIVIDUALLY BY DIFFERENT SUBCLASSES OF CLASS C05; MIXTURES OF ONE OR MORE FERTILISERS WITH MATERIALS NOT HAVING A SPECIFIC FERTILISING ACTIVITY, e.g. PESTICIDES, SOIL-CONDITIONERS, WETTING AGENTS; FERTILISERS CHARACTERISED BY THEIR FORM
- C05G3/00—Mixtures of one or more fertilisers with additives not having a specially fertilising activity
- C05G3/80—Soil conditioners
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05G—MIXTURES OF FERTILISERS COVERED INDIVIDUALLY BY DIFFERENT SUBCLASSES OF CLASS C05; MIXTURES OF ONE OR MORE FERTILISERS WITH MATERIALS NOT HAVING A SPECIFIC FERTILISING ACTIVITY, e.g. PESTICIDES, SOIL-CONDITIONERS, WETTING AGENTS; FERTILISERS CHARACTERISED BY THEIR FORM
- C05G5/00—Fertilisers characterised by their form
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- C05G5/12—Granules or flakes
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Abstract
The invention relates to the technical field of production of all-element polymeric water-retaining fertilizers, and discloses an organic-inorganic polymeric water-retaining all-element fertilizer and a preparation method thereof.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of production of all-element polymeric water-retaining fertilizers, in particular to an organic-inorganic polymeric water-retaining all-element fertilizer and a preparation method thereof.
Background
The preparation method of the organic-inorganic polymerization water-retaining fertilizer is a method of fusion copolymerization reaction of macromolecular water-absorbing resin and inorganic nutrient factors, so that the organic-inorganic polymerization water-retaining fertilizer has a water-retaining fertilizer new material with water and fertilizer unity-water-retaining fertilizer-retaining function, slow release synchronization-water and fertilizer double-control release function, soil conditioning function and the like.
The nutrient elements necessary for the growth and development of higher plants are 17, which are carbon, hydrogen, oxygen, nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium, calcium, magnesium, sulfur, silicon, iron, boron, manganese, copper, zinc, molybdenum and chlorine, wherein the carbon element and the oxygen element necessary for the growth and development of the plants are provided by carbon dioxide in the air, the hydrogen element and the oxygen element are provided by water, and the other nutrient elements are almost all provided by soil media.
At present, in the market, an all-element fertilizer prepared by combining a large amount of elements of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium, a medium element of calcium, magnesium, sulfur and silicon and a trace element of iron, boron, manganese, copper, zinc, molybdenum and chlorine is not produced, and the technical problem cannot be solved in the prior art due to the fact that antagonism is easy to occur among all element components in the all-element fertilizer.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to overcome the antagonism among all the element components in the all-element fertilizer, the invention provides a preparation method of an organic = inorganic polymerization water-retention all-element fertilizer, which adopts an organic-inorganic hybrid polymerization technical method to copolymerize an inorganic nutrient factor and an organic water-retention factor in a formula of the all-element fertilizer in the same polymerization structure by a bonding type inorganic-organic hybrid method, thereby realizing the composition of the organic water-retention factor and the inorganic nutrient factor at the molecular level, not only effectively overcoming the antagonism among all the element components in the all-element fertilizer, but also better playing the synergistic cooperation role of the organic water-retention factor and the inorganic nutrient factor.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention provides the following technical scheme:
in a first aspect, a method for preparing an organic-inorganic polymeric water-retaining all-element fertilizer comprises the following steps:
step1, preparing all nutrient element fertilizers which are necessary for plant growth and development and supplied by soil media, wherein the formula (in parts by weight) of the all element fertilizers is as follows:
step1-1, preparing and weighing 100-200 parts of alkenyl-terminated N component for providing nitrogen (N) nutrient elements;
step1-2, preparing and weighing 40-60 parts of terminal alkenyl covalent bond type P component for providing phosphorus (P) nutrient elements;
step1-3, preparing and weighing 40-60 parts of terminal alkenyl covalent bond type K component for providing potassium (K) nutrient elements;
step1-4, preparing and weighing terminal alkenyl covalent bond type Ca components for providing calcium (Ca) nutrient elements and 6.5-12 parts of the Ca components;
step1-5, preparing and weighing terminal alkenyl covalent bond type Mg components for providing magnesium (Mg) nutrient elements and 7.5-11 parts of Mg components;
step1-6, preparing and weighing 11.5-18 parts of alkenyl-terminated S component for providing sulfur (S) nutrient elements;
step1-7, preparing and weighing a terminal alkenyl covalent bond type Fe component for providing iron (Fe) nutrient elements and 0.5-1 part of the component;
step1-8, preparing and weighing terminal alkenyl covalent bond type Mn component for providing manganese (Mn) nutrient elements and 0.4-0.8 part;
step1-9, preparing and weighing terminal alkenyl covalent bond type Cu component for providing copper (Cu) nutrient elements, and 0.3-0.5 part of the terminal alkenyl covalent bond type Cu component;
step1-10, preparing and weighing terminal alkenyl covalent bond type Zn component for providing zinc (Zn) nutrient elements and 0.3-0.5 part of the component;
step1-11, weighing 1.5-3 parts of terminal alkenyl type B component for providing boron (B) nutrient elements;
step1-12, preparing and weighing a terminal alkenyl covalent bond type Mo component for providing a molybdenum (Mo) nutrient element and 0.5-0.8 part of the component;
step1-13, preparing and weighing 1-3 parts of terminal alkenyl ionic bond type Cl component providing chlorine (Cl) nutrient elements;
the Si component providing the silicon (Si) nutrient element is organic silicon in the terminal alkenyl covalent bond type component;
step2, adding 50-150 parts of the full-element fertilizer formula raw material and 0.002-0.01 part of auxiliary agent in the Step1 into 50-200 parts of purified water, adding 0.01-0.1 part of cross-linking agent and 0.05-0.2 part of initiator under the conditions of nitrogen protection and stirring, starting polymerization of each monomer, reacting for 4-10 hours, putting the generated copolymer into a forced air drying box, drying to constant weight, introducing into a granulator, crushing, and sieving with a 10-mesh sieve to prepare a finished product of the organic-inorganic polymerization water-retention full-element fertilizer particle;
wherein the organic water retention factor is one or a combination of methyl methacrylate, acrylic acid and acrylamide;
the initiator is one or a combination of more of potassium persulfate, calcium persulfate and ammonium persulfate;
the cross-linking agent is ethylene glycol or N, N' -methylene bisacrylamide;
the auxiliary agent is ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid tetrasodium salt;
preferably, the N component is prepared as follows: preparing an alkenyl-terminated N component by a dehydration reaction of a carboxyl functional group of acrylic acid and an amido functional group of urea;
the P component was prepared as follows: preparing a terminal alkenyl covalent bond type P component by taking vinyl triethoxysilane and sodium hydroxide as modifiers and ammonium dihydrogen phosphate as a phosphorus source through hydrolytic copolymerization;
the preparation of the metal M component in the full-element fertilizer is as follows: vinyl triethoxysilane and sodium hydroxide are used as modifiers, metal salt is used as raw materials, and the terminal alkenyl covalent bond type metal component M is prepared through hydrolysis copolymerization;
wherein the metal component M is a K component, a Ca component, a Mg component, a Fe component, a Mn component, a Cu component, a Zn component, a Mo component and a Mo component;
the S component was prepared as follows: preparing an alkenyl-terminated S component by performing dehydration reaction on a carboxyl functional group of acrylic acid and an amino functional group of thiourea;
the Cl component was prepared as follows: 3-chloropropene is used as a chlorine source and reacts with dodecyl dimethyl tertiary amine to generate a terminal alkenyl ionic bond type Cl component;
on the other hand, the organic-inorganic polymerization water-retention all-element fertilizer comprises the following formula raw materials in parts by weight:
providing 100-200 parts of alkenyl-terminated N component for providing nitrogen (N) nutrient elements;
40-60 parts of terminal alkenyl covalent bond type P component for providing phosphorus (P) nutrient elements;
40-60 parts of terminal alkenyl covalent bond type K component for providing potassium (K) nutrient elements;
6.5-12 parts of terminal alkenyl covalent bond type Ca component for providing calcium (Ca) nutrient elements;
providing 7.5-11 parts of terminal alkenyl covalent bond type Mg component of magnesium (Mg) nutrient elements;
11.5-18 parts of alkenyl end-sealed type S component for providing sulfur (S) nutrient elements;
0.5-1 part of terminal alkenyl covalent bond type Fe component for providing iron (Fe) nutrient elements;
0.4-0.8 part of terminal alkenyl covalent bond type Mn component for providing manganese (Mn) nutrient elements;
providing a terminal alkenyl covalent bond type Cu component of a copper (Cu) nutrient element, and 0.3-0.5 part;
0.3-0.5 part of terminal alkenyl covalent bond type Zn component for providing zinc (Zn) nutrient elements;
1.5-3 parts of terminal alkenyl type B component for providing boron (B) nutrient elements;
0.5-0.8 part of terminal alkenyl covalent bond type Mo component for providing molybdenum (Mo) nutrient elements;
providing 1-3 parts of terminal alkenyl ionic bond type Cl component of chlorine (Cl) nutrient elements;
wherein the Si component providing the silicon (Si) nutrient element is organosilicon contained in the terminal alkenyl covalent bond type component;
the inorganic nutrient factors and the organic water retention factors in the formula of the all-element fertilizer are copolymerized in the same polymeric structure by a bonding type inorganic-organic hybrid method to prepare organic-inorganic polymerization water retention all-element fertilizer product particles with the particle size of less than 0.25mm, and the technical indexes are as follows: pH value of 3-8, organic matter content of 26.5-30.5%, water absorption multiple of 14-18g/g, 0.9% NaCl solution multiple range of 14.0-18.5g/g, total content of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium of 32-40%, total content of calcium, magnesium, silicon and sulfur of 9-11.6%, and initial nutrient release rate of 5.1-8.3%.
In a third aspect, based on the application of the organic-inorganic polymeric water-retention all-element fertilizer in slow release, water retention and fertilizer efficiency enhancement, under the condition of soil column leaching culture, the nutrient slow release period of the finished product of the organic-inorganic polymeric water-retention all-element fertilizer granules is 80 days, the characteristic curve of the total nutrient slow release performance is S-shaped, and the release characteristic of the fertilizer in soil shows lasting slow release performance, which indicates that the fertilizer is applied to the soil and is beneficial to the stability and slow release of nutrients.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial technical effects:
the invention copolymerizes inorganic nutrient factors and organic water retention factors in the formula of the all-element fertilizer in the same polymeric structure by a bonding inorganic-organic hybrid method, realizes the connection of metal cations in the inorganic nutrient factors and organic polymeric monomers in a covalent bonding mode, and realizes chloride ion Cl - With anions N in quaternary ammonium salts + The organic water-retaining agent is connected with the organic polymer monomer in an ionic bonding mode, the compounding of organic water-retaining factors and inorganic nutrient factors at the molecular level is realized, all element components are combined in a chemical bond mode, the interface connectivity is good, the integrity and the stability of the hybrid material are maintained, the antagonistic action generated among all element components in the all-element fertilizer is overcome, and the organic components and the inorganic nutrients play roles of slow release and water retention through the synergistic cooperation.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a chemical reaction formula of an alkenyl-terminated N component;
FIG. 2 is a chemical reaction formula of a covalently bonded type P component;
FIG. 3 is a chemical reaction formula of a covalently bonded K component;
FIG. 4 is a chemical reaction formula of a covalently bonded Ca component;
FIG. 5 is a chemical reaction formula of a covalently bonded Mg component;
FIG. 6 is a chemical reaction formula of an alkenyl-terminated S component;
FIG. 7 is a chemical reaction formula of a covalently bonded Fe component;
FIG. 8 is a chemical reaction formula of a covalently bonded Mn component;
FIG. 9 is a chemical reaction formula of a covalently bonded Cu component;
FIG. 10 is a chemical reaction formula of a covalently bonded Zn composition;
FIG. 11 is a chemical reaction formula of a covalently bonded Mo component;
FIG. 12 is a chemical reaction formula of an ionic bond type Cl component.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. The embodiments and features of the embodiments in the present application may be combined with each other without conflict. All other embodiments, which can be obtained by a person skilled in the art without inventive step based on the embodiments of the present invention, are within the scope of protection of the present invention.
The reagents used in the following examples are commercially available from commercial suppliers in the field; the experimental methods used are all routine experimental methods known to those skilled in the art.
Example 1:
a preparation method of an organic-inorganic polymerization water-retention all-element fertilizer comprises the following steps:
step1, preparing all nutrient element fertilizers which are necessary for plant growth and development and supplied by soil media, wherein the formula (in parts by weight) of the all element fertilizers is as follows:
step1-1, preparing and weighing 200 parts of N component for providing nitrogen (N) nutrient elements;
the preparation mechanism of the N component is as follows: preparing an alkenyl-terminated N component through a dehydration reaction of a carboxyl functional group of acrylic acid and an amido functional group of urea, wherein the chemical reaction formula is shown in figure 1;
the preparation steps of the N component are as follows: adding 200% of acrylic acid into 130 ℃ molten urea, stirring for 1min, cooling, crushing, and sieving with a 100-mesh sieve to obtain an N component;
step1-2, preparing and weighing 40 parts of a P component for providing phosphorus (P) nutrient elements;
the preparation mechanism of the P component is as follows: preparing a covalent bond type P component by taking vinyl triethoxysilane and sodium hydroxide as modifiers and ammonium dihydrogen phosphate as a phosphorus source through hydrolysis copolymerization, wherein the chemical reaction formula is shown in figure 2;
the preparation steps of the P component are as follows: adding ammonium dihydrogen phosphate, vinyltriethoxysilane and sodium hydroxide into ultrapure water according to the mass ratio of 4: 1: 4, stirring at room temperature for 10min, and removing byproduct CH by rotary evaporation under reduced pressure 3 CH 2 OH, preparing a P component;
step1-3, preparing and weighing a K component for providing potassium (K) nutrient elements and 60 parts of the K component;
wherein the preparation mechanism of the K component is as follows: preparing a covalent bond type K component by taking vinyl triethoxysilane and sodium hydroxide as modifiers and potassium sulfate as a potassium source through hydrolysis copolymerization, wherein the chemical reaction formula is shown in figure 3;
the preparation steps of the K component are as follows: adding potassium sulfate and vinyltriethoxysilane into ultrapure water, stirring to mix well, adding 0.5mol/L sodium hydroxide solution (the weight ratio of potassium sulfate, vinyltriethoxysilane, and sodium hydroxide is 4: 1: 8), stirring at room temperature for reaction for 0.5h, and removing byproduct CH by rotary evaporation under reduced pressure 3 CH 2 OH, preparing a K component;
step1-4, preparing and weighing 10 parts of Ca component for providing calcium (Ca) nutrient elements;
wherein, the preparation mechanism of the Ca component is as follows: preparing a covalent bond type Ca component by taking vinyl triethoxysilane and sodium hydroxide as modifiers and calcium nitrate as a calcium source through hydrolysis copolymerization, wherein the chemical reaction formula is shown in figure 4;
the preparation steps of the Ca component are as follows: adding calcium nitrate and vinyltriethoxysilane into ultrapure water, stirring to mix well, adding 0.5mol/L sodium hydroxide solution (amount of calcium nitrate, vinyltriethoxysilane, and sodium hydroxide)In the ratio of 4: 1: 12), stirring and reacting for 0.5h at room temperature, and removing by-product CH by rotary evaporation under reduced pressure 3 CH 2 OH, preparing a Ca component;
step1-5, preparing and weighing 10 parts of Mg component for providing magnesium (Mg) nutrient elements;
wherein the preparation mechanism of the Mg component is as follows: taking vinyl triethoxysilane and sodium hydroxide as modifiers and magnesium sulfate as a magnesium source, and preparing a covalent bond type Mg component through hydrolysis copolymerization, wherein the chemical reaction formula is shown in figure 5;
the preparation steps of the Mg component are as follows: adding magnesium sulfate and vinyltriethoxysilane into ultrapure water, stirring to mix well, adding 0.5mol/L sodium hydroxide solution (the mass ratio of magnesium sulfate, vinyltriethoxysilane and sodium hydroxide is 4: 1: 12), stirring at room temperature for reaction for 0.5h, and removing byproduct CH by rotary evaporation under reduced pressure 3 CH 2 OH, preparing an Mg component;
step1-6, preparing and weighing 15 parts of S component for providing sulfur (S) nutrient elements;
wherein the preparation mechanism of the S component is as follows: preparing an alkenyl-terminated S component by performing a dehydration reaction between a carboxyl functional group of acrylic acid and an amino functional group of thiourea, wherein the chemical reaction formula is shown in FIG. 6;
the preparation steps of the S component are as follows: adding 200% of acrylic acid into 170 ℃ molten thiourea, stirring for 1min, cooling, crushing, and sieving with a 100-mesh sieve to obtain an S component;
step1-7, preparing and weighing 1 part of Fe component for providing iron (Fe) nutrient elements;
wherein the preparation mechanism of the Fe component is as follows: taking vinyl triethoxysilane and sodium hydroxide as modifiers and ferric chloride as an iron source, and preparing a covalent bond type Fe component through hydrolysis copolymerization, wherein the chemical reaction formula is shown in figure 7;
the preparation steps of the Fe component are as follows: adding ferric chloride and vinyltriethoxysilane into ultrapure water, stirring to mix well, adding 0.5mol/L sodium hydroxide solution (of ferric chloride, vinyltriethoxysilane, and sodium hydroxide)The amount ratio of the components is 4: 1: 16), stirring and reacting for 0.5h at room temperature, and removing by-product CH by reduced pressure rotary evaporation 3 CH 2 OH, preparing a Fe component;
step1-8, preparing and weighing a Mn component for providing manganese (Mn) nutrient elements and 0.8 part of Mn component;
the preparation mechanism of the Mn component is as follows: preparing a covalent bond type Mn component by taking vinyl triethoxysilane and sodium hydroxide as modifiers and manganese sulfate as a manganese source through hydrolysis copolymerization, wherein the chemical reaction formula is shown in figure 8;
the preparation steps of the Mn component are as follows: adding manganese sulfate and vinyltriethoxysilane into ultrapure water, stirring to mix uniformly, adding 0.5mol/L sodium hydroxide solution (the mass ratio of manganese sulfate, vinyltriethoxysilane and sodium hydroxide is 4: 1: 12), stirring at room temperature for 0.5h, and performing reduced pressure rotary evaporation to remove byproduct CH 3 CH 2 OH, preparing a Mn component;
step1-9, preparing and weighing 0.5 part of Cu component for providing copper (Cu) nutrient elements;
wherein the preparation mechanism of the Cu component is as follows: preparing a covalent bond type Cu component by taking vinyl triethoxysilane and sodium hydroxide as modifiers and copper sulfate pentahydrate as a copper source through hydrolysis copolymerization, wherein the chemical reaction formula is shown in figure 9;
the preparation steps of the Cu component are as follows: adding copper sulfate pentahydrate and vinyltriethoxysilane into ultrapure water, stirring to mix well, adding 0.5mol/L sodium hydroxide solution (the mass ratio of copper sulfate pentahydrate, vinyltriethoxysilane and sodium hydroxide is 4: 1: 12), stirring at room temperature for reaction for 0.5h, and removing byproduct CH by rotary evaporation under reduced pressure 3 CH 2 OH, preparing a Cu component;
step1-10, preparing and weighing 0.5 part of Zn component for providing Zn (Zn) nutrient elements;
wherein, the preparation mechanism of the Zn component is as follows: preparing a covalent bond type Zn component by taking vinyl triethoxysilane and sodium hydroxide as modifiers and zinc sulfate as a copper source through hydrolysis copolymerization, wherein the chemical reaction formula is shown in figure 10;
the preparation steps of the Zn component are as follows: adding zinc sulfate and vinyltriethoxysilane into ultrapure water, stirring to mix well, adding 0.5mol/L sodium hydroxide solution (the mass ratio of zinc sulfate, vinyltriethoxysilane, and sodium hydroxide is 4: 1: 12), stirring at room temperature for reaction for 0.5h, and removing byproduct CH by rotary evaporation under reduced pressure 3 CH 2 OH, preparing a Zn component;
step1-11, weighing 3 parts of a component B for providing boron (B) nutrient elements;
wherein the component B is 2-propylene boric acid;
step1-12, preparing and weighing 0.8 part of Mo component for providing molybdenum (Mo) nutrient elements;
wherein the preparation mechanism of the Mo component is as follows: preparing a covalent bond type Mo component by taking vinyltriethoxysilane and sodium hydroxide as modifiers and molybdenum pentachloride as a molybdenum source through hydrolysis copolymerization, wherein the chemical reaction formula is shown in figure 11;
the preparation steps of the Mo component are as follows: adding molybdenum pentachloride and vinyltriethoxysilane into ultrapure water, stirring to mix uniformly, adding 0.5mol/L sodium hydroxide solution (the mass ratio of molybdenum pentachloride, vinyltriethoxysilane and sodium hydroxide is 1: 10), stirring at room temperature for reaction for 0.5h, and removing byproduct CH by rotary evaporation under reduced pressure 3 CH 2 OH, preparing a Mo component;
step1-13, preparing and weighing a chlorine (Cl) component for providing Cl nutrient elements and 3 parts of the Cl component;
wherein the preparation mechanism of the Cl component is as follows: 3-chloropropene is used as a chlorine source and reacts with dodecyl dimethyl tertiary amine to generate an ionic bond type Cl component, and the chemical reaction formula is shown in figure 12;
the preparation steps of the Cl component are as follows: adding 3-chloropropene and dodecyl dimethyl tertiary amine (the mass ratio of the 3-chloropropene to the dodecyl dimethyl tertiary amine is 2.5: 1) into absolute ethyl alcohol, starting stirring, introducing nitrogen, heating to 50 ℃, reacting for 20 hours, after the reaction is finished, sequentially evaporating the 3-chloropropene and the absolute ethyl alcohol by rotary evaporation at 50 ℃, and drying in vacuum at 50 ℃ to constant weight to obtain a Cl component;
wherein the Si component providing the silicon (Si) nutrient element is the vinyltriethoxysilane; preparing carbon element and oxygen element necessary for plant growth and development, wherein the carbon dioxide in the air provides the carbon element and the oxygen element in the air provides the hydrogen element and the oxygen element in the water;
step2, adding 100 parts of the all-element fertilizer formula raw material in Step1 and 0.004 part of ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid tetrasodium salt into 100 parts of purified water, and adding 0.02 part of cross-linking agent N, N-methylenebisacrylamide and 0.2 part of initiator K under the conditions of nitrogen protection and stirring 2 S 2 O 8 At the moment, all monomers start to polymerize and react for 6h, the generated copolymer is put into a forced air drying oven to be dried for 12h at the temperature of 60 ℃, and is introduced into a granulator to be crushed and sieved by a sieve with 10 meshes to prepare the finished product of the organic-inorganic polymerization water-retention all-element fertilizer particles;
step3, according to the standard Q/370203XYD001-2016 of organic-inorganic polymerization water-retaining fertilizer, testing the finished product of the organic-inorganic polymerization water-retaining full-element fertilizer particles prepared in Step2, wherein the technical indexes are as follows: pH value of 7.2, organic matter content of 27.9%, water absorption multiple of 18.5g/g, naCl solution absorption multiple range of 0.9% of 16.81g/g, total content of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium of 32.3%, wherein nitrogen content is 7.5%, phosphorus pentoxide is 9.0%, and potassium oxide is 15.76%; the total content of calcium, magnesium, silicon and sulfur is 9.2 percent, wherein, the content of calcium oxide is 1.27 percent, the content of magnesium oxide is 1.1 percent, the content of silicon dioxide is 5.77 percent, the content of sulfur dioxide is 1.05 percent, and the initial nutrient release rate is 7.5 percent.
Wherein, the water absorption multiple can have the water retention capacity of more than 5g/g in the production practice, and the method has practical application value.
And Step4, under the condition of soil column leaching culture, the nutrient slow release period of the organic-inorganic polymeric water-retention all-element fertilizer prepared in the Step2 is 80 days, and the characteristic curve of the total nutrient slow release performance is in an S shape. The release characteristics of the fertilizer in soil exhibit sustained release properties, which indicates that the fertilizer is applied in soil to facilitate the stabilization and sustained release of nutrients.
It will be evident to those skilled in the art that the invention is not limited to the details of the foregoing illustrative embodiments, and that the present invention may be embodied in other specific forms without departing from the spirit or essential attributes thereof. The present embodiments are therefore to be considered in all respects as illustrative and not restrictive, the scope of the invention being indicated by the appended claims rather than by the foregoing description, and all changes which come within the meaning and range of equivalency of the claims are therefore intended to be embraced therein.
Claims (10)
1. The preparation method of the organic-inorganic polymerization water-retention all-element fertilizer is characterized by comprising the following steps:
step1, preparing all nutrient element fertilizers which are necessary for plant growth and development and supplied by soil media, wherein the formula of the all element fertilizers is as follows:
step1-1, preparing and weighing 100-200 parts of alkenyl-terminated N component for providing nitrogen (N) nutrient elements;
step1-2, preparing and weighing 40-60 parts of terminal alkenyl covalent bond type P component for providing phosphorus (P) nutrient elements;
step1-3, preparing and weighing 40-60 parts of terminal alkenyl covalent bond type K component for providing potassium (K) nutrient elements;
step1-4, preparing and weighing terminal alkenyl covalent bond type Ca components for providing calcium (Ca) nutrient elements and 6.5-12 parts of Ca components;
step1-5, preparing and weighing terminal alkenyl covalent bond type Mg component for providing magnesium (Mg) nutrient elements and 7.5-11 parts;
step1-6, preparing and weighing 11.5-18 parts of alkenyl-terminated S component for providing sulfur (S) nutrient elements;
step1-7, preparing and weighing a terminal alkenyl covalent bond type Fe component for providing iron (Fe) nutrient elements and 0.5-1 part of the terminal alkenyl covalent bond type Fe component;
step1-8, preparing and weighing terminal alkenyl covalent bond type Mn component for providing manganese (Mn) nutrient elements and 0.4-0.8 part;
step1-9, preparing and weighing terminal alkenyl covalent bond type Cu component for providing copper (Cu) nutrient elements, and 0.3-0.5 part of the terminal alkenyl covalent bond type Cu component;
step1-10, preparing and weighing terminal alkenyl covalent bond type Zn component for providing zinc (Zn) nutrient elements and 0.3-0.5 part of the component;
step1-11, weighing 1.5-3 parts of a terminal alkenyl type B component for providing boron (B) nutrient elements;
step1-12, preparing and weighing a terminal alkenyl covalent bond type Mo component for providing a molybdenum (Mo) nutrient element, and 0.5-0.8 part of the component;
step1-13, preparing and weighing a terminal alkenyl ionic bond type Cl component for providing a chlorine (Cl) nutrient element and 1-3 parts of the component;
wherein, the formula of the all-element fertilizer is calculated by weight parts;
the Si component providing the silicon (Si) nutrient element is organosilicon in the terminal alkenyl covalent bond type component;
step2, adding 50-150 parts of the formula raw material of the full-element fertilizer in the Step1 and 0.002-0.01 part of an auxiliary agent into 50-200 parts of purified water, adding 0.01-0.1 part of a cross-linking agent and 0.05-0.2 part of an initiator under the conditions of nitrogen protection and stirring, starting polymerization of monomers at the moment, reacting for 4-10h, drying the generated copolymer in a forced air drying box to constant weight, introducing into a granulator, crushing, and sieving by a 10-mesh sieve to obtain the finished product of the organic-inorganic polymerization water-retention full-element fertilizer granules.
2. The method for preparing the organic-inorganic polymeric water-retaining all-element fertilizer according to claim 1, wherein the N component is prepared as follows: preparing an alkenyl-terminated N component by a dehydration reaction of a carboxyl functional group of acrylic acid and an amido functional group of urea;
the preparation of the S component is as follows: the alkenyl-terminated S component is prepared by dehydration of the carboxyl functional group of acrylic acid with the amino functional group of thiourea.
3. The method for preparing an organic-inorganic polymeric water-retaining all-element fertilizer according to claim 1, wherein the P component is prepared by: vinyl triethoxysilane and sodium hydroxide are used as modifiers, ammonium dihydrogen phosphate is used as a phosphorus source, and the terminal alkenyl covalent bond type P component is prepared through hydrolysis copolymerization.
4. The method for preparing the organic-inorganic polymeric water-retaining all-element fertilizer according to claim 1, wherein the metal M component in the all-element fertilizer is prepared as follows: taking vinyl triethoxysilane and sodium hydroxide as modifiers and metal salt as raw materials, and preparing an alkenyl covalent bond type metal component M through hydrolysis copolymerization;
wherein the metal component M is a K component, a Ca component, a Mg component, a Fe component, a Mn component, a Cu component, a Zn component and a Mo component.
5. The method of preparing an organic-inorganic polymeric water-retaining all-element fertilizer according to claim 1, wherein the Cl component is prepared by: 3-chloropropene is used as a chlorine source and reacts with dodecyl dimethyl tertiary amine to generate a terminal alkenyl ionic bond type Cl component.
6. The preparation method of the organic-inorganic polymeric water-retaining all-element fertilizer according to claim 1, wherein the organic water-retaining factor is one or a combination of methyl methacrylate, acrylic acid and acrylamide.
7. The preparation method of the organic-inorganic polymerization water-retention all-element fertilizer according to claim 1, wherein the initiator is one or a combination of more of potassium persulfate, calcium persulfate and ammonium persulfate;
the cross-linking agent is ethylene glycol or N, N' -methylene-bisacrylamide;
the auxiliary agent is tetrasodium ethylene diamine tetraacetate.
8. The method for preparing an organic-inorganic polymeric water-retaining all-element fertilizer according to claim 1, wherein the Si component providing a silicon (Si) nutrient element in the all-element fertilizer is an organosilicon contained in an alkenyl-terminated covalent bond type component.
9. The organic-inorganic polymerization water-retention all-element fertilizer prepared by the preparation method according to any one of claims 1-8, wherein the inorganic nutrient factors and the organic water-retention factors in the formula of the all-element fertilizer are copolymerized in the same polymerization structure by a bonding type inorganic-organic hybrid method, and organic-inorganic polymerization water-retention all-element fertilizer product particles with the particle size less than 0.25mm are prepared, and the technical indexes are as follows: pH value of 3-8, organic matter content of 26.5-30.5%, water absorption multiple of 14-18g/g, 0.9% NaCl solution multiple range of 14.0-18.5g/g, total content of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium of 32-40%, total content of calcium, magnesium, silicon and sulfur of 9-11.6%, and initial nutrient release rate of 5.1-8.3%.
10. The use of the organic-inorganic polymeric water-retaining all-element fertilizer prepared by the preparation method according to any one of claims 1-8 in slow release, water retention and fertilizer efficiency enhancement.
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| CN102557815A (en) * | 2010-12-31 | 2012-07-11 | 施可丰化工股份有限公司 | Multifunctional synergist of compound fertilizer |
| CN104446913A (en) * | 2014-11-14 | 2015-03-25 | 华南农业大学 | Seaweed grafted fertilizer and preparation method thereof |
| CN106146156A (en) * | 2016-07-01 | 2016-11-23 | 青岛鑫垚地农业科技股份有限公司 | A kind of organic-inorganic polymerization water keeping fertilizer and preparation method thereof |
| CN114436717A (en) * | 2022-02-25 | 2022-05-06 | 青岛合子肥生物科技有限公司 | Special potato polymerization fertilizer and preparation method thereof |
| CN114478124A (en) * | 2022-02-25 | 2022-05-13 | 青岛合子肥生物科技有限公司 | Water-retaining and fertilizer-retaining fertilizer special for potatoes and preparation method thereof |
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Patent Citations (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN102557815A (en) * | 2010-12-31 | 2012-07-11 | 施可丰化工股份有限公司 | Multifunctional synergist of compound fertilizer |
| CN104446913A (en) * | 2014-11-14 | 2015-03-25 | 华南农业大学 | Seaweed grafted fertilizer and preparation method thereof |
| CN106146156A (en) * | 2016-07-01 | 2016-11-23 | 青岛鑫垚地农业科技股份有限公司 | A kind of organic-inorganic polymerization water keeping fertilizer and preparation method thereof |
| CN114436717A (en) * | 2022-02-25 | 2022-05-06 | 青岛合子肥生物科技有限公司 | Special potato polymerization fertilizer and preparation method thereof |
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